ABSTRACT Cryptococcal disease is the third most common invasive fungal infection in solid organ transplant recipients and is associated with high-morbidity and -mortality rates. Donor-derived Cryptococcus spp. infection typically manifests within the first month post-procedure and has historically been caused by C. neoformans complex, predominantly in kidney recipients, but also after liver transplantation. We report the first documented case of donor-derived, early-onset C. gattii complex meningoencephalitis following liver transplantation in a 54-year-old woman, successfully treated with amphotericin B and fluconazole, and review the relevant literature.

ABSTRACT Background: Vectorial transmission through hematophagous triatomine insects remains the primary mode of Chagas Disease contagion. These insects have become increasingly common in urban environments. Therefore, this study aimed to report an encounter of triatomines with trypanosomatid infection in a vertical residential condominium in Rio Branco, the capital of the state of Acre, in the western Brazilian Amazon. Methods: Triatomines were collected from residents and sent to the municipality's Entomological Surveillance sector. Trypanosomatid positivity was evaluated using optical microscopy, followed by species and genotype identification using molecular biology techniques. Results: Twenty-five adult triatomine specimens were collected from two of three condominium buildings invading apartments from the 2nd to 13th floors. Six specimens were identified as Rhodnius sp. and 19 as R. montenegrensis. Among these, molecular tests were conducted on seven specimens, with five testing positive for Trypanosoma cruzi, all belonging to genotype TcI. Conclusions: These findings underscore the need for further studies to better understand the invasive capacity of these insects in these environments and the mechanisms involved in this process. Background contagion Therefore Branco Acre Amazon Methods municipalitys municipality s sector microscopy techniques Results Twentyfive Twenty nd th floors sp 1 R montenegrensis cruzi TcI Conclusions process

ABSTRACT Background: Global dengue cases are rising, notably in Brazil. Methods: By using monthly data, we estimated linear regressions with ARIMA errors to measure the influence of temperature and precipitation on dengue incidence in the city of Campinas, São Paulo State, Brazil. Results: Findings suggest that a 1°C increase in mean temperature can lead to a cumulative increase of up to 40% in dengue incidence within 2 months. Precipitation shows no significant impact. Conclusions: Results highlight the importance of temperature on the spread of dengue and potentially other mosquito-borne diseases. Background rising Brazil Methods data Campinas State 1C C 1 40 months impact Conclusions mosquitoborne mosquito borne diseases 4

ABSTRACT Background: Trachoma is the leading infectious cause of blindness worldwide. It is a neglected tropical disease caused by Chlamydia trachomatis. The objective of this study was to analyze the trachoma-associated morbidity and mortality in Brazil from 2000 to 2022. This ecological time-series study was based on secondary data on trachoma obtained from hospital admissions (trachoma as the primary or secondary cause) and death certificates (trachoma as the underlying or associated cause). Methods: We calculated the sex- and age-standardized rates of hospital admissions and trachoma-specific mortality according to sociodemographic variables and analyzed the spatial distribution. Results: We identified 141/263,292,807 hospital admissions (primary cause: 83.0%) and 126/27,596,830 death certificates (associated cause: 91.3%) related to trachoma. Trachoma-related sequelae were reported in 8.5% of hospital admissions and 6.3% of death certificates. Trachoma was more common in males (hospital admissions and death certificates), people aged ≥70 years (hospital admissions and death certificates), those with brown skin (hospital admissions and death certificates), and those living in the North (hospital admissions) and Northeast (death certificates) regions of Brazil. Conclusions: Despite the relatively low rates of trachoma morbidity in Brazil, the associated mortality rates are of concern. The heterogeneous patterns of occurrence in the country in terms of population and territory reinforce the need to evaluate and monitor the available data, despite the low prevalence, in order to achieve and maintain the elimination targets in Brazil in the future. Background worldwide trachomatis trachomaassociated 200 2022 timeseries time series cause. . Methods sex agestandardized age standardized trachomaspecific specific distribution Results 141263292807 141 263 292 807 141/263,292,80 83.0% 830 83 0 12627596830 126 27 596 126/27,596,83 91.3% 913 91 3 Trachomarelated 85 8 5 8.5 63 6 6.3 certificates, , 70 ≥7 Conclusions concern prevalence future 20 202 14126329280 14 26 29 80 141/263,292,8 83.0 1262759683 12 2 59 126/27,596,8 91.3 9 8. 6. 7 ≥ 1412632928 1 141/263,292, 83. 126275968 126/27,596, 91. 141263292 141/263,292 12627596 126/27,596 14126329 141/263,29 1262759 126/27,59 1412632 141/263,2 126275 126/27,5 141263 141/263, 12627 126/27, 14126 141/263 1262 126/27 1412 141/26 126/2 141/2 126/ 141/