Abstract Asphondylia braziliensis sp. nov., Asphondylia fluminensis sp. nov., Asphondylia marambaiensis sp. nov., Asphondylia varroniae sp. nov., and Asphondylia xerezi sp. nov., are described based on material from Brazilian restingas. The first species induces galls on Struthanthus acuminatus (Ruiz. & Pav.) Kuijt (Loranthaceae), the second on Erythroxylum ovalifolium Peyr (Erythroxylaceae), the third on Lantana fucata Lindl. (Verbenaceae), the fourth on Varronia curassavica Jacq. (Cordiaceae), and the fifth on Heliotropium sp. (Heliotropiaceae). One host plant, Erythroxylum ovalifolium, is endemic to the Atlantic forest. The other plant species are native to Brazil. Illustrations of relevant morphological characters are provided. The new species are compared with congeneric Neotropical species. Types are deposited in the Entomological Collection of the Museu Nacional, Rio de Janeiro. sp nov nov. restingas Ruiz. Ruiz (Ruiz Pav. Pav Loranthaceae, Loranthaceae , (Loranthaceae) Erythroxylaceae, Erythroxylaceae (Erythroxylaceae) Lindl Verbenaceae, Verbenaceae (Verbenaceae) Jacq Cordiaceae, Cordiaceae (Cordiaceae) Heliotropiaceae. Heliotropiaceae . (Heliotropiaceae) forest Brazil provided Nacional Janeiro (Loranthaceae (Erythroxylaceae (Verbenaceae (Cordiaceae (Heliotropiaceae

Abstract Argentina is the country with the second highest number of bee species in the Neotropics after Brazil. Fifteen new records of wild bees belonging to genera of the families Apidae, Andrenidae, Colletidae, Halictidae, and Megachilidae are presented. Species of genera Callonychium Brèthes (Andrenidae), Gaesischia Michener, LaBerge & Moure, Melitoma Lepeletier & Serville, Trichocerapis Cockerell (Apidae), Hylaeus Fabricius (Colletidae), Habralictus Moure, Megalopta Smith, Neocorynura Schrottky, Pseudaugochlora Michener, Rhectomia Moure, Thectochlora Moure (Halictidae), and Bothranthidium Moure (Megachilidae) are recorded for the first time for Argentina. Whereas the genera Trichocerapis, Megalopta, Rhectomia, and Bothranthidium are cited for the first time in the country. Brazil Apidae Andrenidae Colletidae Halictidae presented , (Andrenidae) Michener Serville (Apidae) (Colletidae) Smith Schrottky (Halictidae) (Megachilidae (Andrenidae (Apidae (Colletidae (Halictidae

Abstract Centropomus undecimalis and Centropomus ensifurus are a species belonging to the family Centropomidae, which has an important role in estuarine ecosystem. The present study aimed at comparing the otoliths shape of juveniles both species collected in in the lower São Francisco River (10°28′34.02″S, 36°24′27.02″W). In the laboratory, 52 otoliths were extracted, photographed, measured and the contour was analyzed by the wavelet method. The otolith contours varied between species (n = 28 C. ensiferus and n = 24 C. undecimalis). The Linear Discriminant Analysis correctly reclassified 92.3% of all otoliths among species. MANOVA also evidenced significant differences in contour between species (F = 3.73; p < 0.0001). The results suggest that C. ensiferus is adapted to enviroments with higher turbidity and the C. undecimalis tends to colonize environments with lower turbidity and spends more time in the water column. Centropomidae ecosystem 10°28′34.02″S, 10283402S S 10 34 02 (10°28′34.02″S 36°24′27.02″W. 36242702W W 36°24′27.02″W . 36 27 36°24′27.02″W) laboratory 5 extracted photographed method 2 C undecimalis. undecimalis) 923 92 3 92.3 F 3.73 373 73 0.0001. 00001 0.0001 0 0001 0.0001) column 10°28′34.02″S 1 9 92. 3.7 37 7 0000 0.000 000 3. 0.00 00 0.0 0.

Abstract In this paper, we treat three species of Neurostigma. For the first, N. roesleriNew, 1980 we provide illustrations of the holotype, a revised diagnosis, the female redescription, including the first description of the spermatheca and a distribution map of the species considering N. garcialdretei Mendivil Nieto, Gonzalez Obando & Carrejo Gironza, 2020 syn. nov. For the second species, N. enderleini New, we redescribe the male, describe and illustrate the unknown female, and provide a revised diagnosis and new records for the Brazilian states of Amapá and Rondônia. For the third species, N. xanthopterumNew, 1980, we include the first description and illustration of the spermatheca. paper Neurostigma N roesleriNew 198 holotype redescription Nieto Gironza 202 syn nov New male Rondônia xanthopterumNew 19 20 1 2

Abstract Brazilian veredas are hygrophilous communities with high species diversity, featuring many floristic studies but a still incipient number of faunistic studies. In the present study, we conducted an inventory of insect galls in four different veredas located in the Northern region of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Overall, we found 75 gall morphotypes, distributed across 50 host species representing 37 plant genera and 22 families. Fabaceae was the plant family with the greatest number of insect gall morphotypes (n = 21), followed by Malpighiaceae (n = 10). The plant genera that supported the highest diversity of insect galls were Copaifera (n = 8) and Byrsomima (n = 5). The plant species Copaifera oblongifolia (n = 6) and Anacardium humile (n = 4) exhibited the highest richness of insect galls. The leaves were the most attacked organs (89% of all galls). Most morphotypes are glabrous (83%), green (69%) and lenticular (60%). The taxa of gall-inducing insects were identified for 46 morphotypes (80%), and were recorded inducers from the orders Diptera, Lepidoptera, and Hymenoptera. Cecidomyiidae (Diptera) was the most representative galling group, with 42 morphotypes, making up 93.3% of the recorded inducers. Among the sampled veredas areas, the Vereda do Peruaçu presented the highest richness of insect gall morphotypes and host plant species. The faunistic similarity was higher in the Pedras and Tiririca veredas, followed by Almescla and Peruaçu veredas. This is the first systematic inventory of insect galls and their host plant in Brazilian veredas. The diversity of insect galls in the studied veredas is relatively high when compared to other Brazilian Cerrado vegetation types. study Gerais Brazil Overall 7 5 3 2 families n 21, 21 , 21) 10. 10 . 10) 8 5. 5) 6 4 89% 89 (89 galls) 83%, 83 83% (83%) 69% 69 (69% 60%. 60 60% (60%) gallinducing inducing 80%, 80 80% (80%) Diptera Lepidoptera Hymenoptera (Diptera group 933 93 93.3 areas types 1 (8 (83% (69 (60% (80% 9 93. ( (83 (6 (60 (80

Abstract Pyrgotidae are a small family of Tephritoidea of worldwide distribution, whose larvae are known to be endoparasites in the abdomen of adult Scarabaeidae beetles. This study presents the first record of the family from Uruguay, represented by the Leptopyrgota albitarsisAczél, 1956 from Treinta y Tres, Quebrada de los Cuervos. Based on the study of holotypes, the following synonymy is proposed: Leptopyrgota albitarsisAczél, 1956 = Leptopyrgota definiendaBernardi, 1991, new synonym and L. liaeBernardi, 1991new synonym. Photos of the holotypes of the three studied species are presented, for the first time. distribution beetles Uruguay albitarsisAczél 195 Tres Cuervos proposed definiendaBernardi 1991 L liaeBernardi presented time 19 199 1

Abstract The type specimens of the family Disteniidae Thomson, 1861 (Coleoptera) housed at the Museu de Zoologia, Universidade de São Paulo (MZSP) are cataloged and illustrated. Photos of dorsal and ventral habitus, labels, and complete label data of all the specimens are provided. There are 147 specimens belonging to 70 names: 33 primary types, 31 holotypes, and two lectotypes; and 114 secondary types, 52 paratypes, and two paralectotypes. Elytrimitatrix (Grossifemora) Santos-Silva & Hovore, 2007 is the genus with the greatest number of species with type material, 21 species, followed by Cometes Lepeletier & Audinet-Serville, 1828 and Novantinoe Santos-Silva & Hovore, 2007 with 15 and 13 species, respectively. Thomson 186 Coleoptera (Coleoptera Zoologia MZSP (MZSP illustrated habitus labels provided 14 7 names 3 types holotypes lectotypes 11 5 paratypes paralectotypes Grossifemora (Grossifemora SantosSilva Santos Silva Hovore 200 material 2 AudinetServille, AudinetServille Audinet Serville, Serville Audinet-Serville 182 1 respectively 18 20

Abstract In preparation for compiling a catalogue of the South Atlantic American malacofauna, this study addresses the taxonomy of selected species within less intricate groups to ensure accurate classification within the catalogue. The following nomenclatural acts are undertaken for this purpose: New species descriptions: 1, Tectura iguypis; 2, Nacella mirim; 3, Calliostoma soror; 4, Abyssochrysos quasilissus; 5, Caecum jonesae; 6, Sinum striotis; 7, Agaronia sterica; 8, Voluta melodica; 9, Phrontis rocas; 10, Goniofusus phoenix; 11, Dolicholatirus etherius; 12, Lightbournus rendatus; 13, Terebra joculosa; 14, Neoterebra potiguar; 15, Trimusculus pifius; 16, Brevinucula overa; 17, Ennucula ipepa; 18, Tindaria ruru; 19, Barbatia pehenguis; 20, Bathyarca arcadia; 21, Bentharca celeris; 22, Electroma electra; 23, Brachidontes ynous; 24, Pinna trindadis; 25, Pinna nembia; 26, Pinna pereria; 27, Servatrina amazonica; 28, Warrana culmen; 29, Lucinoma apocalyptica; 30, Cyrenoida implexa; 31, Hiatella marisqueira; 32, Cyrtopleura angelicalis; 33, Lyonsiella angulosa; 34, Graptacme obtura. Species revalidated: 1, Fissurella itapema; 2, Cranopsis watsoni; 3, Pedicularia tibia; 4, Semicassis iheringi; 5, Anachis veleda; 6, Terebra chilensis; 7, Iselica anomala; 8, Barbatia cancellaria; 9, Acar domingensis; 10, Limopsis paucidentata; 11, Paracratis borealis; 12, Crassostrea mangle; 13, Abra americana; 14, Choristodon typicum; 15, Pseudochama radians; 16, Polyschides quadridentatum. New synonyms: 1, Fissurella clenchi; 2, Natica castanea; 3, Cyphoma macumba; 4, Voluta thevenini; 5, Pleuroploca granulilabris; 6, Polyschides xavante; 7, Polyschides noronhensis. New combinations: 1, Falsilunatia limbata; 2, Goniofusus damasoi. Redescriptions/taxonomy commented: 1, Nacella mytilina; 2, Fissurella rosea; 3, Calliostoma depictum; 4, Depressiscala nautlae; 5, Depressiscala niditella; 6, Scala scipio; 7, Abyssochrysos brasilianus; 8, Caecum antillarum; 9, Cheilea equestris; 10, Sinum perspectivum; 11, Pseudocyphoma intermedium; 12, Cyphoma signatum; 13, Coronium; 14, Voluta ebraea; 15, Nassarius albus; 16, Goniofusus brasiliensis; 17, Goniofusus strigatus; 18, Leucozonia nassa; 19, Anachis lyrata; 20, Terebra gemmulata; 21, Turbonilla obsoleta; 22, Brevinucula verrillii; 23, Tindaria amabilis; 24, Bathyarca glomerula; 25, Bentharca asperula; 26, Crassostrea mangle; 27, Pinna carnea; 28, Kalolophus antillarum; 29, Warrana besnardi; 30, Chama cristella; 31, Hiatella solida; 32, Cyrtopleura costata; 33, Polyschides tetraschistus. Extension of distribution: 1, Amaea mitchelli; 2, Tindaria cytherea; 3, Lyratellina juttingae. Change of genus: 1, Naticarius cayennensis. New replacement name: 1, Turbonilla absalaoi. Validity of species discussed: 1, Cheilea atlantica; 2, Cheilea americana. Families revalidated: 1, Trichotropidae. Fossil species proposed to remain fossil-only: 1, Cranopsis granulata; 2, Iselica globosa; 3, Limopsis aurita; 4, Limopsis minuta; 5, Abra longicallus. All 104 nomenclatural acts are thoroughly justified, discussed, and mostly illustrated. Several of these acts have co-authors. https://zoobank.org/6DB1BC9F-A0E9-4C36-8BEF-EF8A375F0693. malacofauna purpose descriptions 1 iguypis 2 mirim 3 soror 4 quasilissus 5 jonesae 6 striotis 7 sterica 8 melodica 9 rocas 10 phoenix 11 etherius 12 rendatus 13 joculosa 14 potiguar 15 pifius 16 overa 17 ipepa 18 ruru 19 pehenguis 20 arcadia 21 celeris 22 electra 23 ynous 24 trindadis 25 nembia 26 pereria 27 amazonica 28 culmen 29 apocalyptica 30 implexa 31 marisqueira 32 angelicalis 33 angulosa 34 obtura revalidated itapema watsoni tibia iheringi veleda chilensis anomala cancellaria domingensis paucidentata borealis mangle americana typicum radians quadridentatum synonyms clenchi castanea macumba thevenini granulilabris xavante noronhensis combinations limbata damasoi Redescriptionstaxonomy Redescriptions commented mytilina rosea depictum nautlae niditella scipio brasilianus antillarum equestris perspectivum intermedium signatum Coronium ebraea albus brasiliensis strigatus nassa lyrata gemmulata obsoleta verrillii amabilis glomerula asperula carnea besnardi cristella solida costata tetraschistus distribution mitchelli cytherea juttingae genus cayennensis name absalaoi discussed atlantica Trichotropidae fossilonly fossil only fossil-only granulata globosa aurita minuta longicallus justified illustrated coauthors. coauthors co authors. authors co-authors https//zoobank.org/6DB1BC9FA0E94C368BEFEF8A375F0693. httpszoobankorg6DB1BC9FA0E94C368BEFEF8A375F0693 httpszoobankorgDBBCFAECBEFEFAF https //zoobank.org/6DB1BC9F A0E9 4C36 8BEF EF8A375F0693. zoobank org 6DB1BC9F EF8A375F0693 DB BC F A E C BEF EF https://zoobank.org/6DB1BC9F-A0E9-4C36-8BEF-EF8A375F0693 6DB1BC9FA0E94C368BEFEF8A375F0693 FA BEFEF https//zoobank.org/6DB1BC9FA0E94C368BEFEF8A375F0693 httpszoobankorg httpszoobankorg6DB1BC9FA0E94C368BEFEF8A375F069 zoobankorg6DB1BC9F zoobankorgDBBCF AE A0E 4C3 EFAF DBBCF EF8A375F069 https://zoobank.org/6DB1BC9F-A0E9-4C36-8BEF-EF8A375F069 DBBCFAECBEFEFAF 6DB1BC9FA0E94C368BEFEF8A375F069 https//zoobank.org/6DB1BC9FA0E94C368BEFEF8A375F069 httpszoobankorg6DB1BC9FA0E94C368BEFEF8A375F06 zoobankorg 4C EF8A375F06 https://zoobank.org/6DB1BC9F-A0E9-4C36-8BEF-EF8A375F06 6DB1BC9FA0E94C368BEFEF8A375F06 https//zoobank.org/6DB1BC9FA0E94C368BEFEF8A375F06 httpszoobankorg6DB1BC9FA0E94C368BEFEF8A375F0 EF8A375F0 https://zoobank.org/6DB1BC9F-A0E9-4C36-8BEF-EF8A375F0 6DB1BC9FA0E94C368BEFEF8A375F0 https//zoobank.org/6DB1BC9FA0E94C368BEFEF8A375F0 httpszoobankorg6DB1BC9FA0E94C368BEFEF8A375F EF8A375F https://zoobank.org/6DB1BC9F-A0E9-4C36-8BEF-EF8A375F 6DB1BC9FA0E94C368BEFEF8A375F https//zoobank.org/6DB1BC9FA0E94C368BEFEF8A375F

Abstract A new shallow-water species of the alpheid shrimp genus AlpheusFabricius, 1798 is described based on five specimens from Maceió, Alagoas, northeastern Brazil. Alpheus schubarti sp. nov., belongs to the A. paracrinitusMiers, 1881 species complex and is most closely related to the eastern Pacific A. rostratusKim & Abele, 1988, from which it can be separated by several morphological differences and the colour pattern of the major and minor chelae. shallowwater shallow water AlpheusFabricius 179 Maceió Alagoas Brazil sp nov nov. paracrinitusMiers 188 Abele 1988 chelae 17 18 198 1 19

Abstract A fossil species of the extant colydiine genus Bulasconotus Ślipiński & Lawrence, B. carinisternus Li, Ślipiński & Cai sp. nov., is reported from mid-Cretaceous Kachin amber of northern Myanmar. The new species shares with extant Bulasconotus the 3 segmented antennal club, externally open procoxal cavities, and similar sculpture on the pronotum and elytra, but could be recognized by the medially carinated prosternal process. The present discovery provides a valuable example of morphological stasis in the cylindrical bark beetles. Lawrence B Li sp nov nov. midCretaceous mid Cretaceous Myanmar club cavities elytra process beetles

Abstract Assassin bugs are one of the most diverse families of cimicomorphan Heteroptera and are known from all biogeographic regions. Except for the kissing bugs (Triatominae) that are hemathophagous, reduviids show a predatory behavior and are usually study as potential biocontrollers of crop pests. In this way, Harpactorines have been specially studied as they are mostly diurnal and live on the vegetation. In this contribution, the complete life cycle of Harpactor angulosus (Lepeletier & Serville, 1825) is described and illustrated. Specimens were collected in the field in El Manantial, San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina, and were reared in laboratory to obtain all immatures (eggs and nymphs) and to observe its feeding habits, molting, mating, and oviposition. Collection specimens as well as online resources such as iNaturalist records were also studied to know the current distribution of the species. This resulted in the expansion of H. angulosus distribution in Argentina to Tucumán and Buenos Aires provinces and to the recording of the species in Ecuador, Peru and Paraguay for the first time. Our findings reveal that H. angulosus would be studied as a potential biocontroller of Agraulis sp., an important pest of maracuyá crops in several South American countries. regions Triatominae (Triatominae hemathophagous pests way vegetation contribution Lepeletier Serville 1825 illustrated Manantial eggs nymphs habits molting mating oviposition H Ecuador time sp sp. countries 182 18 1

Abstract The use of caves and rocky walls is common for some birds, like swifts, to shelter, sleep, nest, feed, and protect themselves from predators, wind, and rain. Several environmental and ecological factors associated with the habits and adaptations of certain species allow birds to use cave environments. The White-collared Swift Streptoprocne zonaris (Shaw, 1796) is distributed from Mexico and the Antilles south to northern Argentina, Paraguay, and southern Brazill, being frequent in areas with waterfalls and river rapids with rocky beds and crystal-clear water. Individuals live in flocks and have the habit of roosting and nesting in damp, dark caves or behind waterfalls. Herein, we aim to report the case and identify the cause of death of S. zonaris individuals found dead in a sinkhole in the State of Goiás, Brazil, in 2020. Global warming resulting from anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse gases can alter the natural fluctuations of atmospheric circulation systems, responsible for rainfall distribution, substantially affecting rainfall and increasing the frequency of heavy rainfall events in some locations. Due to climate change and the increasing frequency of flooding records, we have raised the hypothesis and drawn attention to our record may have been originated due to these climatic events. However, we do not dismiss the hypothesis that the flooding may be due to an extreme event. The fact that S. zonaris spends the night and nests close to water bodies makes the species more susceptible to the effects of a flash flood. Further studies will be able to show the real effects of global warming on the species. swifts shelter sleep nest feed predators wind rain environments Whitecollared White collared Shaw, Shaw (Shaw 1796 Argentina Paraguay Brazill crystalclear crystal clear damp Herein S Goiás Brazil 2020 systems distribution locations records However event flood 179 202 17 20 1 2

Abstract This study is focused on the parasitic wasp Plumarius brasiliensisPenteado-Dias & Scatolini, 2003 (Hymenoptera, Plumariidae). Data assembled from 12 consecutive months of systematic samplings at Parque Nacional Grande Sertão Veredas, in Minas Gerais, Brazil, indicate that the largest populations of P. brasiliensis occur there in the dry season, with few specimens collected in the rainy season, which may indicate that this group or its hosts have a seasonal pattern. This species is also reported for the first time in areas of Cerrado, in the states of Minas Gerais and Maranhão; in the core of Caatinga, in the state of Rio Grande do Norte; and in transition zone between Caatinga and Cerrado, in the state of Piauí, Brazil. The new distributional records in areas of Cerrado and Caatinga/Cerrado ecotone represent a significant increase in the geographic range of P. brasiliensis that can be present in about 35% of the Brazilian territory. Additionally, we provide digital images and diagnosis of this species and a map with the geographical distribution of the studied species based on the new records and literature data. brasiliensisPenteadoDias brasiliensisPenteado Dias Scatolini 200 Hymenoptera, Hymenoptera (Hymenoptera Plumariidae. Plumariidae . Plumariidae) 1 Veredas Brazil P season pattern Maranhão Norte Piauí CaatingaCerrado 35 territory Additionally data 20 3 2

Abstract Phylogenies are essential for organizing knowledge on biological diversity, structuring classifications, and providing insights into evolutionary events. Worldwide phylogenetic studies on mollusks emerged in the late 1980s, while in Brazil, phylogenetic analyses of mollusks started around 2000. For unknown reasons, phylogenies of lower hierarchical taxa, such as subfamilies, tribes, and genera, are not common in Malacology. Here, we analyzed articles published by malacologists and evaluated the proportion of alpha taxonomic reviews compared to phylogenetic systematic studies conducted at Brazilian institutions and worldwide. Our searches were performed using the Web of Science and Lattes Platform databases for Brazilian studies. We found 537 systematic/taxonomic papers, of which 11% included an explicit phylogenetic analysis. Additionally, 31 of these studies described a new genus or higher taxon, but only seven included phylogenetic inferences to support taxonomic decisions. The remaining 24 studies relied on alpha taxonomic classification, focusing primarily on conchological features of group-related units. We observed that publications worldwide describing higher taxa based on phylogenetic systematics began in the 1970s, with their proportion increasing over the years. The few phylogenetic analyses published after Willi Hennig’s cladistics suggest that malacologists at Brazilian institutions have not established a tradition of Phylogenetic Systematics for studies on molluscan diversity. diversity classifications events 1980s s Brazil 2000 reasons subfamilies tribes genera Malacology Here 53 systematictaxonomic papers 11 analysis Additionally 3 taxon decisions 2 classification grouprelated group related units 1970s years Hennigs Hennig 200 5 1 20

Abstract New World porcupines are rodents belonging to the Erethizontidae family which is divided into two subfamilies: Chaetomyinae, represented by the genus Chaetomys, and Erethizontinae, which includes the genera Erethizon and Coendou. Within this family, the taxonomy of Coendou has proven to be particularly complex and challenging. It remains one of the most neglected among New World mammals, and the taxonomic status and phylogenetic relationships of some taxa are still controversial. In this study, we assessed the diversity of Coendou bicolor using the mitochondrial cytochrome b marker and described the chromosome complement of this species for the first time, increasing the knowledge about this taxon. Notably, the karyotype we described for C. bicolor differs from the six karyotypes reported for other species within this genus. Our findings align with previous research, confirming the separation of the three Coendou subgenera into distinct monophyletic clades. The median joining analysis supports these phylogenetic relationships and suggested a population structure in C. bicolor populations, apparently related to the rivers. Samples from northern Peru are separated from the remaining population by the Ucayali River (a tributary of the Amazonas River), while samples from southern Peru and Brazil are separated from Bolivian samples by the Madre de Dios/Beni rivers. These data highlight the potential role of these rivers as geographic barriers, contributing to the genetic differentiation of C. bicolor populations. Our study provides valuable insights into karyotype and genetic diversity of C. bicolor populations, enriching our understanding of this species. subfamilies Chaetomyinae Chaetomys Erethizontinae challenging mammals controversial time taxon Notably C research clades populations River, , River) DiosBeni Dios Beni barriers