ABSTRACT Purpose: This study aimed to compare the degree of maturation and development of fetal pig segmental intestinal tissue with that of spheroids created by in-vitro reaggregation of dissociated fetal intestinal cells after transplantation into immunodeficient mice. Methods: Fetal pig small intestines were transplanted as segmental grafts into the omentum and subrenal capsules of immunodeficient mice or enzymatically treated to generate single cells. Spheroids made by in-vitro reaggregation of these cells were transplanted into the subrenal capsules of immunodeficient mice. The segmental grafts and spheroids were harvested four and eight weeks after transplantation, and the structural maturity and in-vivo development of these specimens were histologically evaluated. Results: The spheroids were engrafted and supplied blood vessels from the host mice, but an intestinal layered structure was not clearly observed, and there was almost no change in size. On the other hand, the segmental grafts formed deep crypts in the mucus membrane, the inner circular layer, and outer longitudinal muscles. The crypts of the transplanted grafts harvested at eight weeks were much deeper, and the smooth muscle layer and the enteric nervous system were more mature than those of grafts harvested at the fourth week, although the intestinal peristaltic wave was not observed. Conclusions: Spheroids created from fetal small intestinal cells could not form layered structures or mature sufficiently. Conversely, segmental tissues structurally matured and developed after in-vivo transplantation and are therefore potential grafts for transplantation. Purpose invitro vitro Methods invivo vivo evaluated Results observed size hand membrane muscles deeper week Conclusions sufficiently Conversely

ABSTRACT Purpose: This systematic review analyzed the clinical behavior and odds of malignancy of the palatal recurrent pleomorphic adenomas. Methods: Systematic review of patients with recurrent pleomorphic adenoma arising in the palate. Database search: MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane, EMBASE, Virtual Health Library, Google Scholar, and OpenGrey. A binomial logistic regression was performed to assess the odds of detecting recurrence five, 10 and 20 years after the treatment of primary tumor. Results: Thirteen studies (n = 18 patients) out of 336 were included. The recurrent pleomorphic adenoma in palate was more common in females (61.6%), average age was 49 years old (range 9–73 years old). Four patients progressed to malignant transformation. The odds ratio (OR) of detecting a recurrence at 10 (OR = 5.57; 95% confidence interval – 95%CI 1.13–27.52), and 20 years (OR = 18.78; 95%CI 3.18–110.84) after treatment of primary pleomorphic adenoma was significantly higher than at one-year follow-up. Conclusions: The recurrence of pleomorphic adenoma in palate remains a rare event of late occurrence. It mainly affects middle-aged female and carries a risk of malignant transformation. Although uncommon, patients with palatal pleomorphic adenoma should be warned about the possibility of recurrence or malignant transformation of tumor at advanced ages. Purpose adenomas Methods search MEDLINE Scopus Science Cochrane EMBASE Library Scholar OpenGrey five 1 2 Results n 33 included 61.6%, 616 61.6% , 61 6 (61.6%) 4 range 973 9 73 9–7 old. . old) OR 5.57 557 5 57 95 95CI CI 1.13–27.52, 1132752 1.13–27.52 13 27 52 1.13–27.52) 18.78 1878 78 3.18–110.84 31811084 3 110 84 oneyear one year followup. followup follow up. up follow-up Conclusions occurrence middleaged middle aged uncommon ages 61.6 (61.6% 97 7 9– 5.5 55 113275 1.13–27.5 18.7 187 3.18–110.8 3181108 11 8 61. (61.6 5. 11327 1.13–27. 18. 3.18–110. 318110 (61. 1132 1.13–27 3.18–110 31811 (61 113 1.13–2 3.18–11 3181 (6 1.13– 3.18–1 318 ( 1.13 3.18– 31 1.1 3.18 1. 3.1 3.

ABSTRACT Purpose: To investigate the protective effect of breviscapine on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI) in diabetes rats. Methods: Forty rats were divided into control, diabetes, MIRI of diabetes, and treatment groups. The MIRI of diabetes model was established in the latter two groups. Then, the treatment group was treated with 100 mg/kg breviscapine by intraperitoneal injection for 14 consecutive days. Results: After treatment, compared with MIRI of diabetes group, in treatment group the serum fasting blood glucose, fasting insulin, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, and glycosylated hemoglobin levels decreased, the serum total cholesterol, triacylglycerol, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels decreased, the serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level increased, the heart rate decreased, the mean arterial pressure, left ventricular ejection fraction, and fractional shortening increased, the serum cardiac troponin I, and creatine kinase-MB levels decreased, the myocardial tumor necrosis factor α and interleukin-6 levels decreased, the myocardial superoxide dismutase level increased, and the myocardial malondialdehyde level decreased (all P < 0.05). Conclusions: For treating MIRI of diabetes in rats, the breviscapine can reduce the blood glucose and lipid levels, improve the cardiac function, reduce the myocardial injury, and decrease the inflammatory response and oxidative stress, thus exerting the alleviating effect. Purpose ischemiareperfusion ischemia reperfusion (MIRI Methods control groups Then 10 mgkg mg kg 1 days Results resistance triacylglycerol lowdensity low density highdensity high increased pressure fraction I kinaseMB kinase MB interleukin6 interleukin 6 interleukin- all 0.05. 005 0.05 . 0 05 0.05) Conclusions function stress 00 0.0 0.

ABSTRACT Purpose: Reflux esophagitis is a condition characterized by inflammation and irritation of the esophagus, resulting from the backflow of stomach acid and other gastric contents into the esophagus. Columbianadin is a coumarin derivative that exhibits anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. In this study, we tried to scrutinize the protective effect of Columbianadin against acute reflux esophagitis in rats. Methods: RAW 264.7 cells were utilized to assess cell viability and measure the production of inflammatory parameters. The rats received anesthesia, and reflux esophagitis was induced via ligation of pylorus and fore stomach and corpus junction. Rats received the oral administration of Columbianadin (25, 50 and 100 mg/kg) and omeprazole (20 mg/kg). The gastric secretion volume, acidity, and pH were measured. Additionally, the levels of oxidative stress parameters, cytokines, and inflammatory markers were determined. At the end of the study, mRNA expression was assessed. Results: Columbianadin remarkably suppressed the cell viability and production of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and prostaglandin (PGE2). Columbianadin treatment remarkably suppressed the secretion of gastric volume, total acidity and enhanced the pH level in the stomach. Columbianadin remarkably altered the level of hydrogen peroxidase, free iron, calcium, and plasma scavenging activity, sulfhydryl group; oxidative stress parameters like malonaldehyde, glutathione, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase; inflammatory cytokines viz., TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, IL-10, IL-17, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1; inflammatory parameters including PGE2, iNOS, COX-2, and nuclear kappa B factor (NF-κB). Columbianadin remarkably (P < 0.001) suppressed the mRNA expression TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1. Conclusions: Columbianadin demonstrated a protective effect against acute reflux esophagitis via NF-κB pathway. Purpose esophagus antiinflammatory anti effects study Methods 2647 264 7 264. anesthesia junction 25, 25 (25 5 10 mg/kg mgkg mg kg 20 (2 mg/kg. . volume measured Additionally determined assessed Results factorα α TNFα, TNFα TNF , (TNF-α) IL1β, IL1β ILβ IL 1β, 1β β (IL)-1β IL6, IL6 6, 6 IL-6 cyclooxygenase2 cyclooxygenase 2 cyclooxygenase- COX2, COX2 COX (COX-2) iNOS (iNOS) PGE2. PGE2 PGE (PGE2) peroxidase iron calcium activity group malonaldehyde dismutase catalase viz viz. α, TNF-α IL10, IL10 10, IL-10 IL17, IL17 17, 17 IL-17 protein1 protein 1 protein-1 2, COX-2 NFκB. NFκB NF κB (NF-κB) P 0.001 0001 0 001 inhibitor1. inhibitor1 inhibitor 1. inhibitor-1 Conclusions pathway 26 ( (TNF-α IL- (COX-2 (iNOS (PGE2 IL1 IL-1 protein- COX- (NF-κB 0.00 000 00 inhibitor- (COX- (PGE 0.0 (COX 0.

ABSTRACT Purpose: This study evaluated the protective effect of hesperidin on injury induced by gastric ischemia-reperfusion. Methods: Fifty male Sprague Dawley rats (250–300 g) were divided into five groups: control (C), sham (S), ischemia (I), ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) and hesperidin + ischemia-reperfusion (Hes + I/R). Hesperidin was injected intraperitoneally at the dose of 100 mg/kg one hour before the experimental stomach ischemia-reperfusion. Celiac artery was ligated. After 45 minutes ischemia and 60 minutes reperfusion period, blood samples were obtained under anesthesia. Then, animals were sacrificed, stomach tissues were excised for biochemical, and histopathological analyses were performed. Malondialdehyde levels and superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase activities and total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), protein, total thiol parameters were measured in plasma, and tissue homogenate samples. H + E, periodic acid–Schiff, hypoxia inducible factor, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate nick end-labeling (TUNEL), and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) for cell proliferation as immunohistochemical parameters were determined. Results: Upon biochemical and histopathological assessment, hesperidin decreased stomach tissue changes in comparison with IR group. Ischemia-reperfusion injury led to a considerably increase in malondialdehyde, protein, and TOS levels (p < 0.001) in stomach tissue. Hesperidin treatment significantly decreased malondialdehyde, protein, and TOS levels (p < 0.001). Hesperidin increased superoxide dismutase, TAS, total thiol and glutathione peroxidase activities in comparison with IR group. Hesperidin reduced damage and also increased TUNEL and PCNA immunoreactivity in stomach tissue. Conclusions: Hesperidin was able to decrease I/R injury of the stomach tissue due to inhibition of lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation, duration of antioxidant, and free radical scavenger properties. Consequently, hesperidin can provide a beneficial therapeutic choice for preventing stomach tissue ischemia-reperfusion injury in clinical application. Purpose ischemiareperfusion. ischemiareperfusion reperfusion. Methods 250–300 250300 250 300 (250–30 g groups C, C , (C) S, S (S) I, I (I) R (I/R Hes I/R. . I/R) 10 mgkg mg kg ligated 4 6 period anesthesia Then sacrificed performed dismutase TAS (TAS) TOS, (TOS) plasma E acidSchiff acid Schiff acid–Schiff factor endlabeling end labeling TUNEL, (TUNEL) (PCNA determined Results assessment group Ischemiareperfusion Ischemia malondialdehyde p 0.001 0001 0 001 0.001. Conclusions oxidation properties Consequently application 250–30 25030 25 30 (250–3 (C (S (I 1 (TAS (TOS (TUNEL 0.00 000 00 250–3 2503 2 3 (250– 0.0 250– (250 0. (25 (2 (

ABSTRACT Purpose: To develop a new 4/6 infarct nephrectomy (INx) model rat mimicking moderate chronic kidney disease (CKD) and to evaluate its application. Methods: We modified the conventional 5/6 INx rat model to create the 4/6 INx model by ligating the renal artery branch to induce infarction of one-third of the left kidney after right kidney removal and compared biochemically and histologically both models. To demonstrate the application of the 4/6 INx model, the effects of a supplementary compound containing calcium carbonate, chitosan, palm shell activated charcoal etc., that is effective for both CKD and its complications, were compared between both models. Results: Impairment of renal function in the 4/6 INx group was significantly more moderate than in the 5/6 INx group (P < 0.05). The 4/6 INx group showed less histological damage in kidney than in the 5/6 INx group. The supplementary compound did not improve CKD in the 5/6 INx group, but ameliorated elevation of blood urea nitrogen in the 4/6 INx group. Conclusions: We developed the 4/6 INx model, which is more moderate than the conventional 5/6 INx model. This model could potentially demonstrate the effectiveness of drugs and supplements intended to prevent CKD and its progression. Purpose 46 4 6 4/ (INx (CKD Methods 56 5 5/ onethird one third models carbonate chitosan etc etc. complications Results P 0.05. 005 0.05 . 0 05 0.05) Conclusions progression 00 0.0 0.

ABSTRACT Purpose: To investigate the effect of ellagic acid (EA) in gingival tissues injury in rats. Methods: Twenty rats were categorized into two groups. In burn group, an excisional wound area was created by removing a 4-mm diameter flap from the left molar region in the mucoperiosteal region of the gingiva. In burn + ellagic acid group, 1.2 mg/mL EA was administered as irrigation for one week. Animals was sacrificed under anesthesia at the end of experiment. Malondialdehyde (MDA), myeloperoxidase (MPO) and glutathione (GSH) level were measured. Hematoxylin and eosin, fibroblast growth factor (FGF) and epidermal growth factor (EGF) immunostainings were applied to tissues. Results: MDA, MPO, inflammation and leukocyte infiltration were high in burn group. Degeneration epithelium, edema and inflammatory cell infiltration in connective tissue areas, and dilatation and congestion in blood vessels were observed in burn group. In burn + EA group, the gingival epithelium improved, collagen fiber production increased and organized dermis were observed. After burn injury, FGF and EGF activity was increased in EA treated groups. Conclusions: We suggest that EA have the potential for better healing outcomes in oral wounds. EA seems to have promising therapeutic efficacy to enhance oral wound healing. Purpose (EA Methods groups group 4mm mm 4 gingiva 12 1 2 1. mgmL mg mL week experiment MDA , (MDA) MPO (MPO GSH (GSH measured eosin (FGF (EGF Results areas improved Conclusions wounds (MDA

ABSTRACT Purpose: The extracellular polysaccharide (EPS) is produced by the bacterium Zoogloea sp. and plays a positive role in tissue repair. The purpose of this study was to clinically and histologically compare the effects of EPS in the healing of traumatic oral ulcers in rats with the effects of triamcinolone. Methods: Ulcers were induced in the oral mucous of 45 male Wistar rats, divided into three groups: control group, treated with triamcinolone, and treated with biopolymer gel. In the clinical evaluation, we considered the weight variation of the animals and the size of the lesion area, at baseline and on treatment days 1, 3 and 7. The histological parameters evaluated were the type and intensity of the inflammatory infiltration, the presence of necrosis and foreign body granuloma and the degree of re-epithelialization of the lesion. Results: The reduction of the lesion area was greater in the animals treated with EPS, with no difference in the intensity of the inflammatory infiltration between the groups on days 3 and 7 of treatment. Conclusions: The results suggest that topical application of EPS in traumatic oral ulcers of rats promotes faster repair than triamcinolone ointment, without increasing the intensity of inflammatory infiltration under the lesion. Purpose (EPS sp Methods 4 group gel evaluation 1 reepithelialization re epithelialization Results Conclusions ointment

ABSTRACT Purpose: Osteoporosis is a bone disease which commonly occurred in postmenopausal women. Almost 10 percent of world population and approximately 30% of women (postmenopausal) suffer from this disease. Alternative medicine has great success in the treatment of osteoporosis disease. Bryodulcosigenin, a potent phytoconstituent, already displayed the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effect. In this study, we made effort to analyze the antiosteoporosis effect of bryodulcosigenin against ovariectomy (OVX) induced osteoporosis in rats. Methods: Swiss albino Wistar rats were grouped into fIve groups and given an oral dose of bryodulcosigenin (10, 20 and 30 mg/kg) for eight weeks. Body weight, uterus, bone mineral density, cytokines, hormones parameters, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β, insulin-like growth factor (IGF), osteoprotegerin (OPG), receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-Β ligand (RANKL), and its ratio were estimated. Results: Bryodulcosigenin significantly (p < 0.001) suppressed the body weight and enhanced the uterine weight and significantly (p < 0.001) increased the bone mineral density in whole femur, caput femoris, distal femur and proximal femur. Bryodulcosigenin significantly (P < 0.001) altered the level of biochemical parameters at dose dependent manner, significantly (P < 0.001) improved the level of estrogen and suppressed the level of follicle stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone. Bryodulcosigenin significantly (P < 0.001) improved the level of OPG and suppressed the level of RANKL. Conclusions: Bryodulcosigenin reduced the cytokines level and suppressed the TGF-β and IGF. We concluded that bryodulcosigenin is an antiosteoporosis medication based on the findings. Purpose 1 (postmenopausal phytoconstituent antiinflammatory anti inflammatory study OVX (OVX Methods 10, (10 2 3 mg/kg mgkg mg kg weeks uterus TGFβ, TGFβ TGF β, β (TGF)-β insulinlike insulin like IGF, IGF , (IGF) OPG, (OPG) kappaΒ kappa Β RANKL, RANKL (RANKL) estimated Results p 0.001 0001 0 001 femoris P manner Conclusions findings (1 (IGF (OPG (RANKL 0.00 000 00 ( 0.0 0.

ABSTRACT Purpose: Pre-eclampsia (PE) is a pregnancy-related complication. Eucommia is effective in the treatment of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy, but the specific effects and possible mechanisms of Eucommia granules (EG) in PE remain unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects and possible mechanisms of EG in PE rats. Methods: Pregnant Sprague Dawley rats were divided into five groups (n = 6): the control group, the model group, the low-dose group, the medium-dose group, and the high-dose group of EG. The PE model was established by subcutaneous injection of levonitroarginine methyl ester. Saline was given to the blank and model groups, and the Eucommia granules were given by gavage to the remaining groups. Blood pressure and urinary protein were detected. The body length and weight of the pups and the weight of the placenta were recorded. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), placental growth factor (PIGF), and soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 (sFIt-1) were measured in the placenta. Pathological changes were observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining. Wnt/β-catenin pathway-related protein expression was detected using Western blot. Results: Compared with the model group, the PE rats treated with EG had lower blood pressure and urinary protein. The length and weight of the pups and placental weight were increased. Inflammation and necrosis in the placental tissue was improved. SOD level increased, MDA content and sFIt-1/PIGF ratio decreased, and Wnt/β-catenin pathway-related protein expression level increased. Moreover, the results of EG on PE rats increased with higher doses of EG. Conclusions: EG may activate the Wnt/β-catenin pathway and inhibit oxidative stress, inflammation, and vascular endothelial injury in PE rats, thereby improving the perinatal prognosis of preeclamptic rats. EG may inhibit oxidative stress, inflammation, and vascular endothelial injury through activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in preeclampsia rats, thereby improving perinatal outcomes in PE rats. Purpose Preeclampsia Pre eclampsia (PE pregnancyrelated pregnancy related complication (EG unknown Methods n 6 6) lowdose low dose mediumdose medium highdose high ester recorded (SOD MDA, , (MDA) PIGF, PIGF (PIGF) receptor1 receptor 1 receptor- sFIt1 sFIt (sFIt-1 hematoxylineosin hematoxylin eosin staining Wnt/βcatenin Wntβcatenin Wnt/β catenin Wnt β pathwayrelated blot Results improved sFIt1/PIGF sFIt1PIGF sFItPIGF 1/PIGF decreased Moreover Conclusions stress inflammation (MDA (PIGF (sFIt- βcatenin Wntβ 1PIGF (sFIt

ABSTRACT Purpose: To evaluate, by quantitative and qualitative methods, the glomerular ultrastructure in Wistar rats fed a cafeteria diet. Methods: Male Wistar rats were divided into two groups at 21 days of age: control (C, n = 10) and cafeteria diet (CAF, n = 8). The animals were followed up until 5 months of age, followed by euthanasia. The blood, kidneys, and fat deposits––epididymal, retroperitoneal, and subcutaneous––were extracted and analyzed. Data were analyzed by Student’s t test, and p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The cafeteria diet promoted glucose intolerance, hyperglycemia (p < 0.0001), and deposition of retroperitoneal fat (p < 0.005). Scanning electron microscopy revealed that the length of the foot process was similar in both groups. The quantitative analyses by transmission electron microscopy revealed that the cafeteria diet reduced the thickness of the glomerular basement membrane (p < 0.05). Conclusions: The intake of lipids and simple carbohydrates were found to be associated with alteration in the glomerular ultrastructure. However, more studies are needed to evaluate not only the effects of high-protein and high-fat diets on components of the glomerular filtration barrier, but also renal physiology. Purpose methods Methods 2 age C, C (C 10 CAF, CAF (CAF 8. 8 . 8) euthanasia blood kidneys depositsepididymal deposits epididymal deposits––epididymal subcutaneouswere subcutaneous Students Student s test 005 0 05 0.0 significant Results intolerance 0.0001, 00001 0.0001 , 0001 0.0001) 0.005. 0005 0.005 0.005) 0.05. 0.05) Conclusions However highprotein high protein highfat barrier physiology 1 00 0. 0000 0.000 000 0.00

ABSTRACT Purpose: To evaluate patient characteristics and factors associated with surgical resection in patients with Crohn’s disease (CD). Methods: An analysis was performed on data from 295 patients with CD in follow-up from 2001 to 2018. Medical record data comprised age, gender, location, behavior and duration of the CD, smoking, and extraintestinal manifestation. Patients were divided into two groups according to the presence or absence of surgical resection. Results: Out of the 295 patients with CD, 155 underwent surgical resection (53.2% male, mean age: 43.88 ± 14.35 years). The main indications for surgery were stenosis (44.5%), clinical intractability (15.5%), and intra-abdominal fistulas (15.5%). Smoking (p < 0.001), longer CD duration (p < 0.0001), ileo-colonic location (p = 0.003), stenosing behavior (p < 0.0001), and fistulizing behavior (p < 0.0001) were significantly associated with surgical resection. Initial use of biological was significantly more frequent in the group of patients without surgical resection (p < 0.001). Conclusions: Patients with CD still frequently need surgical treatment. Smoking (current or past), longer disease time, stenosing and fistulizing behavior, and ileo-colonic localization in CD patients were associated with a higher risk of surgery. Awareness about factors associated with unfavorable outcome allows such patients to be treated more appropriately. Purpose Crohns Crohn s CD. . (CD) Methods 29 followup follow up 200 2018 age gender smoking manifestation Results 15 53.2% 532 53 2 (53.2 male 4388 43 88 43.8 1435 14 35 14.3 years. years years) 44.5%, 445 44.5% , 44 5 (44.5%) 15.5%, 15.5% (15.5%) intraabdominal intra abdominal 15.5%. p 0.001, 0001 0.001 0 001 0.001) 0.0001, 00001 0.0001 ileocolonic ileo colonic 0.003, 0003 0.003 003 0.003) 0.001. Conclusions treatment current past, past past) time appropriately (CD 20 201 1 53.2 (53. 438 4 8 43. 143 3 14. 44.5 (44.5% 15.5 (15.5% 000 0.00 00 0000 0.000 53. (53 44. (44.5 15. (15.5 0.0 (5 (44. (15. 0. ( (44 (15 (4 (1

ABSTRACT Purpose: To investigate inflammation and cell adhesion molecules in the vagina after ovarian ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury. Methods: 20 Wistar albino female rats were divided into two groups: control, and IR groups. In IR group, blood flow was restricted for 2 hours for ovarian ischemia. Then, tissues were re-blood 2 hours for reperfusion. Vagina tissues were excised and processed for histopathological analysis. Histopathological and biochemical follow-ups were performed. Results: Both malondialdehyde and myeloperoxidase values were increased in IR group compared to control group. Glutathione content was decreased in IR group compared to control group. Epithelial degeneration, inflammation, dilatation, and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) expression were increased in IR group compared to control group. E-cadherin expression was significantly decreased in IR group. In the IR group, E-cadherin showed a positive reaction in adenomas, gland-like cryptic structures, cellular junctions with clustered inflammatory cells. In the IR group, NF-κB expression was increased in basement membrane, inflammatory cells, in blood vessels. Conclusions: Ovarian ischemia caused degeneration of epithelial cells in the vaginal region and disruptions in the cell junction complex, which leads to activation of E-cadherin and NF-κB signaling pathway and alterations in reproductive and embryonal development in the vaginal region. Purpose ischemiareperfusion reperfusion (IR injury Methods groups Then reblood re analysis followups follow ups performed Results dilatation factorκB factor κB NFκB NF (NF-κB Ecadherin E cadherin adenomas glandlike gland like structures membrane vessels Conclusions complex

ABSTRACT Purpose: To evaluate the effects of curcumin supplementation on abdominal surgical wound healing in rats using clinical, histological, and hematological parameters. Methods: Forty Wistar rats were randomly divided into two groups: the curcumin group, and the control group. The curcumin group received, in addition to water and standard feed, curcumin via gavage at the dose of 200 mg/kg for seven days preceding and seven days following surgery. The control group received only water and standard feed. Both groups underwent median laparotomy and left colotomy. On the eighth postoperative day, the groups were euthanized, and the left colon was resected for histological analysis. Results: In the preoperative evaluation, there was a significant decrease in the mean C-reactive protein levels in the curcumin group (0.06) compared to the control group (0.112) (p = 0.0001). In the postoperative wound healing assessment, a significant decrease was observed in inflammatory infiltrate (p = 0.0006) and blood vessel count (p = 0.0002) in the curcumin group compared to the control group. Conclusions: Curcumin supplementation was able to significantly reduce inflammatory parameters in both pre-and post-operative phases of abdominal surgical wounds in rats. Purpose clinical Methods feed 20 mgkg mg kg surgery colotomy day euthanized analysis Results evaluation Creactive C reactive 0.06 006 0 06 (0.06 0.112 0112 112 (0.112 p 0.0001. 00001 0.0001 . 0001 0.0001) assessment 0.0006 00006 0006 0.0002 00002 0002 Conclusions preand pre post operative 2 0.0 00 (0.0 0.11 011 11 (0.11 0000 0.000 000 0. (0. 0.1 01 1 (0.1 0.00 (0 (

ABSTRACT Purpose: Patients have been severely suffered from cancer associated pain, and pancreatic cancer is the most severe form of cancer associated with pain. There are very few options available to manage it. The present report evaluated the effect of 5HT2A on pancreatic cancer associated pain. Methods: Pancreatic cancer was induced by injecting SW 1,990 cells (~3×106in a 20 μL suspension) into the pancreas and formed a 2–3-mm vesicle using an inoculator fitted with a 26-gauge needle in BALB/c-nu mice. Survival rate and body weight of the mice were observed. Pain behaviour testing was performed at the end of each week (third and fourth week) after surgery. Inflammatory mediators and HDAC 2 proteins were determined in the spinal tissue using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results: There was improvement in the survival rate and body weight in 5HT2A antagonist treated group than pancreatic cancer group of mice. Moreover, 5HT2A antagonist ameliorated the alteration in pain behaviour of pancreatic cancer mice. mRNA expression of HDAC2 and level of inflammatory cytokines were reduced in the spinal tissue of 5HT 2A antagonist treated group than pancreatic cancer group of mice. Conclusions: Data revealed that 5HT2A antagonist ameliorates pain associated with pancreatic cancer mice by HDAC inhibition and inflammatory cytokines. The result of investigation supports that modulation of 5HT2A receptor could be used clinically to protects neuropathic pain in pancreatic cancer. Purpose it HTA HT A Methods 1990 1 990 1,99 ~3×106in 3106in 3 106in suspension 2–3mm 23mm mm 2–3 26gauge gauge 26 BALB/cnu BALBcnu BALB/c nu BALB c observed third surgery realtime real time reaction Results Moreover Conclusions 199 99 1,9 3mm 23 2– cnu BALBc 19 9 1,