Resumo Introdução: A trombocitemia essencial (TE) é uma condição pouco comum e assintomática na maioria dos casos. No entanto, podem surgir sintomas como cefaleias, síncope, vertigem, dor torácica, eritromelalgia e distúrbios visuais transitórios. Os eventos hemorrágicos e tromboembólicos são os grandes riscos desta patologia. O objetivo da partilha deste caso clínico é alertar para uma patologia rara que pode passar despercebida e causar eventos potencialmente graves. Descrição do caso: Sexo feminino, 43 anos, raça caucasiana, antecedentes de hepatite B crónica, sem antecedentes cirúrgicos nem medicação habitual, incluindo método contracetivo hormonal. Recorreu a consulta com queixas de enfartamento precoce, dispepsia e epigastralgia com três dias de evolução, negando alterações do trânsito intestinal, características das fezes, náuseas ou vómitos. Exame físico e endoscopia digestiva alta recente sem alterações de relevo. Foi consultado o estudo analítico que a utente realizava regularmente no hospital, verificando-se que o valor do número de plaquetas se encontrava consistentemente a rondar os 500.000/uL desde há três anos. Pediu-se ecografia abdominal que descrevia trombose parcial da veia porta e do seu ramo esquerdo. A doente foi medicada com enoxaparina 60 mg 12h/12 h. Foi realizado angio-TC abdominal, estudo pró-trombótico e estudo genético e iniciou varfarina 5 mg 1x/dia, inicialmente sobreposta com enoxaparina 60 mg 12/12h. O angio-TC viria a confirmar a trombose da veia porta e confirmou-se positiva a mutação JAK2 V617F. Assumido o diagnóstico de TE e iniciado tratamento citorredutor com hidroxiureia 500 mg em dias alternados. Comentário: Este caso chama a atenção pelo excesso de plaquetas secundário à TE, ainda que ligeiramente acima do valor de referência, ter originado uma trombose da veia porta. Pretende-se alertar os médicos de família para a importância de realizar um estudo atento, valorizando pequenas variações sustentadas fora dos intervalos da normalidade e fazer uma referenciação correta e atempada quando necessário.

Abstract Introduction: Essential thrombocythemia (ET) is an asymptomatic rare condition in most cases. Nonetheless, symptoms like headache, syncope, vertigo, thoracic pain, erythromelalgia, and transient visual disturbances may surge. The major concerns of this pathology are hemorrhagic and thromboembolic events. The aim of sharing this case report is to alert for the existence of this rare pathology that can go unnoticed and cause potentially serious events. Case description: Female, 43-year-old, Caucasian. Background of chronic B hepatitis, without surgical background nor usual medication, including the contraceptive pill. She appealed to a medical appointment with an early feeling of fullness when eating, dyspepsia, and epigastric pain in the last three days. She denied changes in intestinal habits, feces characteristics, nausea, or vomiting. Physical examination and recent upper endoscopic study were normal. The hospital medical record was examined, verifying that platelet levels were consistently rounding 500,000/uL for the past three years. An abdominal ultrasonography was requested, and it described a partial portal vein and left branch thrombosis. The patient started enoxaparin 60 mg every 12 hours. It was conducted an abdominal angiotomography, prothrombotic, and genetic study, including the JAK2 V617F mutation. The patient started warfarin 5 mg one time daily, initially overlaid with enoxaparin 60 mg 12h/12h. The abdominal angiotomography would confirm the portal vein thrombosis and the JAK2 V617F mutation study was positive. It was assumed the diagnosis of ET and was initiated cytoreductive therapy with hydroxyurea 500 mg on alternated days. Comment: This case report shows that the excessive platelet count, secondary to ET, even if slightly above the reference value, caused a portal vein thrombosis. We aim to alert family physicians to the importance of doing a careful study, valuing little sustained variations out of the normal intervals, and referring correctly and promptly when necessary.

ABSTRACT This study investigated the effectiveness of using the X-ray technique to assess the viability of papaya seeds. The X-ray images were performed in eight replicates of 25 seeds, placed on transparent acrylic plates on double-sided adhesive tape, previously identified, and then submitted to radiation in X-ray equipment "HP Faxitron". After exposure to X-ray radiation, the seeds were submitted to the germination test in rolls of germitest paper and kept in a germination chamber at 20-30 °C for 30 days. Seedlings were photographed and evaluated as normal seedlings, abnormal and non-germinated seeds. Afterward, the X-ray images and the seedlings from the same seeds were visually compared, and the X-ray images clearly showed seeds with and without internal filling. All abnormal seedlings were full seeds; therefore, X-ray images were not able to separate normal and abnormal. A 100% accuracy was verified by comparing the X-ray images and their respective seedlings, full seeds originated normal or abnormal seedlings, and empty seeds corresponded to non-germinated seeds. Therefore, using X-ray images is a promising technique to identify the viability of papaya seeds. The automated analysis of X-ray images is a simple, fast, and efficient technique to provide information on seed viability and generate parameters related to their germination capacity.

Abstract Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a major cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and changes in lipoprotein. Literature data suggest that cholesterol associated with high-density lipoprotein (HDLc) plays a protective role against albuminuria and diabetic nephropathy. These factors are related with changes in serum apolipoproteins such Apo A-I. This work aims to evaluate the correlation of apolipoprotein A-I with renal function in diabetic outpatients. Samples were collected from 281 outpatients for analyses of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), serum creatinine (SCr), urea (BUN), cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), HDL-cholesterol (HDLc) and estimation of glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Urinary samples were obtained to assess urine albumin creatinine ratio (UACR). Triglyceride-glucose index (TyG) was calculated to estimate insulin resistance. The mean age was 61,5 ± 16,4 years. Most patients were female, Afro-Mestizo and over 50 years of age. Pearson's revealed negative correlation of creatinine with HDLc and Apo A-I. There was a correlation of eGFR with HbA1c, TG and HDLc. TyG presented a negative correlation with Apo A-I and HDLc. The highest quartiles of UACR presented the highest TyG and the lowest Apo A-I. In conclusion, Apo A-I indicated an association with insulin resistance and changes in renal function parameters, especially as a factor associated with the onset of albuminuria, with a better predictive potential than the HDLc.

Abstract Surge arresters are at the forefront of protection against voltage surges. The loss of the protective effect of surge arresters imposes accidents and unplanned shutdowns on the power system. It directly affects the interruption of power supplies and imposes fines on service providers. Monitoring and diagnostics in the lightning rod field require studies and work that present the degradation behaviour of surge arresters to help develop and improve existing techniques. This paper presents the development of a laboratory with a low-energy, mobile current waveform impulse generator. It allows for conducting aging tests by applying discharges to low-voltage zinc oxide surge arresters used in the energy distribution sector. Samples of surge arresters were subjected to the discharges produced by the developed generator, and they exhibited degradation, thus showing asymmetry between the positive and negative half-cycles of leakage current.

Abstract The present study aimed to investigate the association between racial iniquities and oral health status. This is a systematic review with a protocol registered on the Prospero Platform (CRD42021228417), with searches carried out in electronic databases and in gray literature. Our study identified 3,028 publications. After applying the eligibility criteria and risk of bias analysis, 18 studies were selected. The results indicate that individuals of black/brown race/skin color have unfavorable oral health conditions, mainly represented by self-rated oral health, tooth loss, caries, and periodontitis. The results showed racial iniquities in oral health in different countries, for all analyzed indicators, with a greater vulnerability of the black population.

Resumo O objetivo deste estudo é investigar a associação entre iniquidades raciais e condição de saúde bucal. Trata-se de revisão sistemática com protocolo cadastrado na plataforma prospero (CRD42021228417), com buscas realizadas em bases de dados eletrônicas e na literatura cinzenta. Identificou-se 3.028 publicações e após aplicação dos critérios de elegibilidade e análise do risco de vieses, 18 estudos foram selecionados. Os resultados indicam que indivíduos de raça/cor da pele preta/parda apresentam condições de saúde bucal desfavorável, representada principalmente pela autoavaliação de saúde bucal, perda dentária, cárie e periodontite. Os resultados evidenciaram iniquidades raciais em saúde bucal em diferentes países, para todos os indicadores analisados, com maior vulnerabilidade da população negra.

ABSTRACT Agroecological management is considered a model of sustainable agriculture that offers social, environmental and economic benefits. The hypotheses of this study were that agroecological production systems can promote changes in the physical fractions of soil organic matter (SOM) associated with aggregates of different origins, and that the greater diversity of plant species in the production system may favour an increase in the carbon concentration of these aggregates. The aim of this study was to a) determine the mass of the free light fraction (FLF), intra-aggregate light fraction (ILF) and light organic matter fraction (LOM) of biogenic and physiogenic soil aggregates; and b) quantify the organic carbon content of the three light SOM fractions and the residual particulate SOM fraction. Five production systems were evaluated: AgF - Agroforestry system; CSun - Coffee grown in full sun; CSha - Coffee grown in shade; FLE - Flemingia grown in alleys; and NT - No-tillage. The aggregates were separated, identified and classified according to their origin or formation pathway into biogenic (formed by biological processes) or physiogenic aggregates (resulting from chemical and physical actions). From these, the mass and carbon content of the FLF, ILF, LOM and residual particulate fractions were quantified. The greater diversity of plant species found in the AgF system has not yet favoured an increase in the carbon content of the aggregates. The longer set-up time and the management practices of the CSun system has led to an increase in the carbon content of the organic fractions of the aggregates (3.44-1.63 g kg-1 for C-LOM; 1.93-1.13 g kg-1 for C-FLF). The lowest overall mean values for LOM and ILF were found mainly in the aggregates of the NT system (1.22-1.67 and 1.55-2.20 g kg-1, respectively), being associated with the shorter time and greater mobilisation of the arable layer. Biogenic aggregation afforded the highest overall mean values for LOM, and increased the mass of the light fractions (15.5%-27.8% for FLF; 23.4%-8.0% for ILF) and the carbon in the C-LOM, C-FLF and residual particulate fractions (42.3%, 12.9%, and 35.0%, respectively) in the surface layer, suggesting an improvement in soil quality.

ABSTRACT Stress caused by defoliation can compromise the physiological quality of soybean seeds. However, there is evidence that the application of nitrogen (N) can be an alternative to reduce the qualitative losses in seeds caused by defoliating insects. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of topdressing N fertilization in improving the physiological quality of soybean seeds from plants subjected to artificial defoliation. The experimental design was a randomized block arranged in a 2×4 factorial scheme with four replicates. The treatments consisted of two levels of defoliation (33 and 66%) and four doses of N (0, 50, 100, and 150 kg ha-1), using urea (45% N), applied two days after defoliation. Artificial defoliation was performed during the R3 stage by removing one (33%) and two leaflets (66%) from each trifoliate leaf under field conditions. At stage R5.1, leaf area was quantified, and after harvesting, germination, emergence, length, total dry mass, electrical conductivity, total protein content, mass of 1000 seeds, and tetrazolium (vigor and viability) tests were carried out. It was concluded that increasing the defoliation from 33 to 66% impaired the physiological quality of soybean seeds. The use of nitrogen fertilization for coverage after defoliation at the beginning of the reproductive phase cannot minimize qualitative losses in seeds.

ABSTRACT Purpose: This study aimed to describe the demographic and clinical characteristics of victims of fireworkrelated ocular trauma treated at the ophthalmologic emergency de partments of two reference centers in Pernambuco, Brazil, and to identify risk factors related to poor visual prognosis. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated the medical records of patients admitted in emergency departments with a report of firework-related trauma between January 2012 and December 2018. Data collected included patient’s age, sex, place of origin, month and year of the accident, ocular structures affected, characteristics of the injuries, and type of treatment that patients received. For patients who were followed for >30 days, the final visual acuity and patient’s origin were analyzed. Results: Three hundred and seventy eyes from 314 patients were included, of which 248 (79.0%) were male and 160 (51.0%) were from the metropolitan region of Recife. The mean patient age was 25.6 ± 18.8 years. In 56 (17.8%) patients, the ocular trauma was bilateral. A total of 152 (48.4%) cases occurred in June. The most affected sites were the eyelids in 91 (24.6%) eyes and ocular surface in 252 (68.1%). Surgical treatment was required in 87 (23.5%) eyes. After clinical and surgical management, 37 (10.0%) eyes presented final visual acuity of <20/400. Of these, 34 (91.9%) eyes were from patients from the countryside or from another state. Patients from the countryside presented higher risk of developing blindness after a firework trauma than those from the metropolitan area (odds ratio of 5.46). Conclusions: Victims of firework-related ocular trauma were mostly male, from the metropolitan region of Pernambuco state and mainly pediatric patients or economically active. Those coming from the countryside and other states had higher risk of developing blindness

RESUMO Objetivos: Descrever as características demográficas e clínicas das vítimas de trauma ocular por fogos de artifício atendidas nas emergências oftalmológicas de dois centros de referência em Pernambuco e identificar fatores relacionados a mau prognóstico visual. Métodos: Avaliação retrospectiva dos prontuários de pacientes admitidos na emergência oftalmológica com história de trauma por fogos de artifício entre janeiro de 2012 e dezembro de 2018. A coleta de dados incluiu idade, gênero, procedência, mês e ano do acidente, estruturas oculares acometidas e características das lesões, além do tipo de tratamento a que os pacientes foram submetidos. Naqueles pacientes acompanhados por mais de 30 dias, analisou-se a acuidade visual final e a associação com sua procedência. Resultados: Foram incluídos 370 olhos de 314 pacientes. Destes, 248 (79,0%) vítimas eram do sexo masculino e 160 (51,0%) da região metropolitana do Recife, com uma média de idade de 25.6 ± 18.8 anos. Em 56 (17,8%) dos casos o trauma foi bilateral. No mês de junho ocorreu um total de 152 (48,4%) casos. Os sítios mais acometidos foram pálpebras em 91 (24,6%) olhos e superfície ocular em 252 (68,1%). O tratamento cirúrgico foi necessário em 87 (23,5%) olhos. Após manejo clínico-cirúrgico, 37 (10.0%) olhos desenvolveram visão pior do que 20/400. Destes, 34 (91,9%) olhos eram de pacientes do interior do estado de Pernambuco ou de outro estado. Os pacientes provenientes do interior do estado apresentaram maior chance de desenvolver cegueira quando comparados aos que eram provenientes da região metropolitana (Odds Ratio de 5,46). Conclusões: As vítimas de trauma ocular por fogos de artificio foram em sua maioria do sexo masculino, procedentes da região metropolitana do estado e das faixas etárias pediátrica e economicamente ativa. Aqueles provenientes do interior ou de outros estados apresentaram maior chance de desenvolver cegueira.

A new class of deep eutectic solvents (DES) was used in the extraction of levodopa (L-dopa) present in Mucuna cinerea, which has been termed “green” or “designer” solvents, with notable productive and economic/environmental benefits. The seeds of Mucuna cinerea were prepared and submitted to extraction with heating and agitation in a solvent mixture of DES with citric acid, urea, or glycerol. The extracts were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) which confirmed the efficiency of DES in extracting L-dopa. These extractions were carried out to determine the L-dopa extracts in DES with regard to the induction of cellular response activity, demonstrating the synergy between L-dopa and DES. The DES-glycerol extract exhibited a higher proliferative activity than commercial L-dopa after 24 h of treatment. The human glandular kallikrein-1 gene (hGK3) demonstrated higher expression in the treatment with the DES-urea, while the G protein-coupled receptor kinase-6 gene (GRK6) showed higher expression for all extracts compared to commercial L-dopa, with a higher value obtained for DES glycerol, followed by DES urea extract. The DES extraction method is therefore promising and unprecedented, confirming its possible use in the replacement of expensive solvents, supporting the use of ecologically viable DES in the extractions of other plant species.

Resumen Introducción: El transporte secundario de pacientes desempeña un papel importante en los traslados interhospitalarios, ya sea por la necesidad de realizar pruebas diagnósticas complementarias no disponibles o por la falta de recursos técnicos o humanos en la continuidad asistencial de determinadas unidades sanitarias. La decisión implicada en este proceso debe considerar la valoración riesgo/beneficio inherente al transporte de pacientes. Objetivo: Mapear la evidencia científica sobre los instrumentos de evaluación de pacientes para el transporte secundario. Métodos: Se realizó una revisión del alcance según la metodología PRISMA-ScR y el marco propuesto por el JBI: población (pacientes críticos), concepto (instrumentos de evaluación) y contexto (transporte secundario). Se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica en las bases de datos MEDLINE, CINAHL Complete, Cochrane, Scielo y LILACS; y una búsqueda de literatura gris en las bases de datos OpenGrey, DART-Europe y RCAAP. Se incluyeron en la revisión los estudios publicados en portugués, español e inglés, sin limitación de tiempo de publicación. Resultados: Se incluyeron ocho artículos en la revisión. Se identificaron un total de 9 instrumentos de estratificación del riesgo para la evaluación de pacientes en el traslado secundario. Conclusión: Los instrumentos de evaluación de pacientes para el transporte secundario son beneficiosos debido a la inclusión de variables que ayudan a la estratificación del riesgo. El personal de enfermería desempeña un papel fundamental en la planificación y ejecución de un sistema de traslado eficaz.

Abstract Introduction: Secondary patient transport plays an important role in inter-hospital transfers, either due to the need to perform unavailable complementary diagnostic tests or due to the lack of technical or human resources in the continuity of care in certain healthcare units. The decision involved in this process should consider the risk/benefit assessment inherent to patient transport. Objective: To map the scientific evidence on patient assessment instruments for secondary transport. Methods: A scoping review was conducted according to the PRISMA-ScR methodology and the framework proposed by the JBI: population (critically ill patients), concept (assessment instruments), and context (secondary transport). A literature search was performed on the MEDLINE, CINAHL Complete, Cochrane, Scielo, and LILACS databases; and the grey literature was searched on the OpenGrey, DART-Europe, and RCAAP databases. Studies published in Portuguese, Spanish, and English were included in the review, with no limitation on the time of publication. Results: Eight articles were included in the review. A total of 9 risk stratification instruments for patient assessment in the secondary transfer were identified. Conclusion: Patient assessment instruments for secondary transport are beneficial due to the inclusion of variables that aid in risk stratification. Nurses play a key role in the planning and execution of an effective transfer system.

Resumo Introdução: O transporte secundário de doentes assume um papel relevante nas transferências inter-hospitalares, seja pela necessidade de realização de exames complementares diagnóstico não disponíveis ou pela falta de recursos técnicos ou humanos na continuidade de cuidados em determinadas unidades de saúde. A decisão implicada neste processo deve considerar a avaliação do risco/benefício inerente ao transporte do doente. Objetivo: Mapear a evidência científica acerca dos instrumentos de avaliação do doente para o transporte secundário. Métodos: Scoping Review realizada de acordo com a metodologia PRISMA-ScR e os critérios de elegibilidade sugeridos pelo JBI: população (doente crítico), conceito (instrumento de avaliação) e contexto (transporte secundário). Pesquisa realizada nas bases de dados MEDLINE, CINAHL Complete, Cochrane, Scielo e LILACS; literatura cinzenta pesquisada em OpenGrey, DART-Europe e RCAAP. Estudos publicados em português, espanhol e inglês foram incluídos sem qualquer limitação temporal. Resultados: Oito artigos foram incluídos na revisão. Foram identificados 9 instrumentos de estratificação do risco utilizados na avaliação do doente para o transporte secundário. Conclusão: Os instrumentos de avaliação do doente para o transporte secundário são vantajosos por apresentarem variáveis que auxiliam na estratificação do risco de transporte do doente. Destaca-se o papel do enfermeiro no que se refere ao planeamento e efetivação de um sistema de transferência eficaz.

Resumo Programadas e realizadas pela Câmara Municipal de Lisboa (CML), as Comemorações do VIII Centenário da Tomada de Lisboa aos Mouros (1947) foram um momento de exaltação da história da cidade. De entre as diversas iniciativas, as publicações culturais assumiram-se como o lado perene das festividades. Foi neste contexto que foi editada Lisboa, Oito Séculos de História, a primeira obra coletiva de Olisipografia. Por ocasião do 75º aniversário das comemorações e da publicação do primeiro fascículo, o presente artigo traça o processo do seu desenvolvimento e procura compreender as suas especificidades e a ação dos agentes envolvidos na sua produção.

Abstract In 1947, Lisbon City Council carried out the magnificent Celebration of the 800th anniversary of the Capture of Lisbon from the Muslims. Following up the principles and practice of its Cultural Services, several works on Lisbon History were published in this occasion. One of them, Lisboa, Oito Séculos de História (Lisbon, Eight Centuries of History) was the first colective olisipography (Lisbon studies) work. On the 75th anniversary of these Celebrations, the present article aims to outline the process of its production and its specificities.

Abstract The internal properties of materials, such as density, rigidity and damping, directly influence the sound insulation capacity of vertical partitions against airborne noise, and increasing sound insulation requires knowledge of these properties. Among the materials used in Brazilian civil construction, gypsum block stands out, as it has dimensions that increase its productivity and lower density than ceramic and concrete blocks. However, its sound insulation capacity is not different from conventional building systems. Faced with the need to increase the sound insulation capacity of gypsum block partitions, this research analyzed the sound insulation index of built walls with gypsum blocks, 50mm thick and water/gypsum ratio of 1.0, and built walls with gypsum blocks composites of natural perlite, expanded perlite, vermiculite and alumina. The sound insulation of the composite blocks of natural perlite and expanded perlite provided an increase in sound insulation of 3dB and 4dB, respectively. On the other hand, the composite blocks of vermiculite and alumina showed the highest efficiency, promoting an increase of up to 7dB in the sound reduction index, in relation to the standard gypsum block, with only 5% of addition. The results presented in this paper contribute to the production of gypsum blocks with greater acoustic efficiency, providing the market with alternatives to guarantee the necessary sound insulation.

Resumo As propriedades internas dos materiais, como densidade, rigidez e amortecimento, influenciam diretamente na capacidade de isolação sonora de vedações verticais ao ruído aéreo, e aumentar a isolação sonora requer conhecimento dessas propriedades. Entre os materiais utilizados na construção civil brasileira destaca-se o bloco de gesso, pois possui dimensões que aumentam sua produtividade e menor densidade que os blocos cerâmico e de concreto. Contudo, sua capacidade de isolação sonora não é diferente dos sistemas construtivos convencionais. Diante da necessidade de aumentar a capacidade de isolação sonora das vedações em bloco de gesso, esta pesquisa analisou o índice de isolação sonora de paredes executadas com blocos de gesso, espessura de 50 mm e relação água/gesso de 1.0, e paredes executadas com blocos de gesso compósitos de perlita natural, perlita expandida, vermiculita e alumina. A isolação sonora dos blocos compósitos de perlita natural e perlita expandida proporcionaram aumento na isolação sonora de 3 dB e 4 dB, respectivamente. Já os blocos compósitos de vermiculita e alumina apresentaram a maior eficiência, promovendo ganhos de 7 dB, em relação ao bloco de gesso padrão, com apenas 5% de adição. Os resultados apresentados neste trabalho contribuem para produção de blocos de gesso com maior eficiência acústica, fornecendo ao mercado alternativas para garantir o isolamento acústico necessário.

ABSTRACT Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) has high mortality rates worldwide. In Brazil, it is the second most common cancer in both sexes. Delay in detecting premalignant lesions contributes to increased morbidity and mortality. In this scenario, the Piranhas project was created to track CRC in a low-income population in the hinterland of Alagoas. Objective: The study aimed to establish the main strategies and verify the feasibility of implementing a CRC tracking program and demonstrate the results obtained in the CRC Prevention Campaign in Piranhas/AL. Methods: The program took place in Piranhas, Alagoas, Brazil, through public-private partnerships. Individuals aged between 50 and 70 years of age were included for screening with a fecal occult blood test (FOBT) and colonoscopy in positive cases. Patient data were collected on standard forms. Results: A total of 2152 patients, aged between 50 and 70 years, were screened, 130 of which underwent colonoscopy. Several preneoplastic lesions were detected in 58 patients. The adenoma detection rate (ADR) was 33.85%. Conclusion: The study proved to be effective and viable since 44.6% of the program participants, who underwent screening with FOBT, followed by colonoscopy in positive cases, had some type of preneoplastic lesion. In addition, the program generated a significant social impact on the population of Piranhas due to the opportunity to diagnose and treat CRC precursor lesions.

RESUMO Contexto: O câncer colorretal (CCR) possui altas taxas de mortalidade em todo mundo. No Brasil é o segundo câncer mais comum em ambos os sexos. O atraso na detecção de lesões pré-malignas contribui com o aumento da morbimortalidade. Neste cenário, o projeto Piranhas foi criado para rastrear o CCR em uma população carente do sertão alagoano. Objetivo: O estudo teve como meta estabelecer as principais estratégias e verificar a viabilidade da implementação de um programa de rastreamento do CCR, assim como demonstrar os resultados obtidos na Campanha de prevenção de CCR no município de Piranhas/AL. Métodos: O programa aconteceu em Piranhas, Alagoas, Brasil, através de parcerias público-privadas. Foram incluídos indivíduos entre 50 e 70 anos para triagem com pesquisa de sangue oculto nas fezes (PSOF) e colonoscopia dos casos positivos. Os dados dos pacientes foram coletados em formulários padrão. Resultados: Foram rastreados um total de 2152 pacientes com idade entre 50 e 70 anos, sendo destes, 130 submetidos à colonoscopia. Várias lesões pré-neoplásicas foram detectadas em 58 pacientes. A taxa de detecção de adenoma foi de 33,85%. Conclusão: O estudo demonstrou-se eficaz e viável, uma vez que 44,6% dos participantes do programa que realizaram a triagem com PSOF seguido de colonoscopia nos casos positivos apresentava algum tipo de lesão pré-neoplásica. Além disso, o programa gerou grande impacto social na população de Piranhas, pela oportunidade de diagnóstico e tratamento de lesões precursoras do CCR.

Abstract Deglutition, usually compromised, is a cognitive or complex, obstructive, degenerative process in origin. Dysphagia is defined as the sensation of holding liquid or solid material when it is swallowed. In view of the gaps in our care practice, a working group was created in the service to address the needs felt. The main objective is to provide an effective response in the evaluation of clients who present signs and symptoms of dysphagia, with a view to referring them to the multidisciplinary team. We decided to research the non-invasive responses of dysphagia, the assessment different from ours, through this literature review, in order to find the differences that exist between various methods and test their reliability and other attempts compared to the evaluation method we use at the moment. We conclude that there are two other methods of swallowing assessment: the TOR-BSST and the GUSS Scale, both of which are highly reliable.

Resumo A deglutição é um processo complexo, podendo ser comprometido por fatores neurológicos, obstrutivos, degenerativos ou de origem cognitiva. A disfagia é definida como a sensação de impedimento à passagem de material líquido ou sólido quando este é deglutido. Perante as lacunas existentes na nossa prática de cuidados, foi criado um grupo de trabalho no serviço, para fazer face às necessidades sentidas. O grande objetivo é dar uma resposta eficaz na avaliação dos doentes que apresentam sinais e sintomas de disfagia, tendo em vista a sua referenciação à equipa multidisciplinar. Decidimos procurar respostas quanto a outros métodos de avaliação não invasiva da disfagia, diferentes do nosso, através desta revisão de literatura, por forma a encontrar as diferenças que existem entre os vários métodos e testar a sua fiabilidade e eficácia comparativamente ao método de avaliação que utilizamos neste momento. Concluímos que existem dois outros métodos de avaliação da deglutição: o TOR-BSST e a Escala de GUSS, sendo estes dois métodos de alta fiabilidade.

ABSTRACT Introduction: To date, 340 antigen-organized 43 blood group systems are recognized, being ABO, Rh, Kell, Duffy, Kidd, MNS and Diego the most clinically relevant. The aim of this study was to assess the distribution of alleles and genotypes of the blood group systems Rh, Kell, Duffy, Kidd, MNS and Diego in 810 blood donors registered in the hemotherapy unit in northwest Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil Methods: We evaluated the genetic variability of blood groups Rh (c.676G>C and c.307C>T), Kell (c.578C>T), Kidd (c.838A>G), Duffy (c.125A>G and c.l-67T>C), Diego (c.2561C>T) and MNS (c.143T>C) in 810 volunteer blood donors of Rio Grande do Sul, southern Brazil. The genetic profiling was performed through allelic discrimination assays using hydrolysis probes (TaqMan®) real-time PCR system. Results: The most frequent blood group genotypes found in our study population were: RHC*Cc (51.5%), RHC*ee (70.1%), FY*A/FY*B (49.3%), GATA -67T/T (93.5%), KEL*2/KEL*2 (93.4%), Jk*A/JK*B (53.2%) and DI*02/DI*02 (95.4%). Some statistical differences were observed on comparing the population of this study with populations from other states in Brazil, mainly with population of Minas Gerais, Bahia and Paraná, which showed some differences from the population of Porto Alegre, which was more similar to those of Santa Catarina and São Paulo Conclusion: The frequency of red blood cell polymorphisms in our study is different from that of blood donors in other regions of Brazil. The results showed the importance of extended genotyping in adequate blood screening and the existence of rare genotypes in Brazilian regular blood donors