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[SciELO Preprints] - Brazilian Guidelines for In-office and Out-of-office Blood Pressure Measurement – 2023
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Feitosa, Audes Diógenes de Magalhães Barroso, Weimar Kunz Sebba Mion Júnior, Décio Nobre, Fernando Mota-Gomes, Marco Antonio Jardim, Paulo Cesar Brandão Veiga Amodeo, Celso Camargo, Adriana Alessi, Alexandre Sousa, Ana Luiza Lima Brandão, Andréa Araujo Pio-Abreu, Andrea Sposito, Andrei Carvalho Pierin, Angela Maria Geraldo Paiva, Annelise Machado Gomes de Spinelli, Antonio Carlos de Souza Machado, Carlos Alberto Poli-de-Figueiredo, Carlos Eduardo Rodrigues, Cibele Isaac Saad Forjaz, Cláudia Lúcia de Moraes Sampaio, Diogo Pereira Santos Barbosa, Eduardo Costa Duarte Freitas, Elizabete Viana de Cestário , Elizabeth do Espírito Santo Muxfeldt, Elizabeth Silaid Lima Júnior, Emilton Campana, Erika Maria Gonçalves Feitosa, Fabiana Gomes Aragão Magalhães Consolim-Colombo, Fernanda Marciano Almeida, Fernando Antônio de Silva, Giovanio Vieira da Moreno Júnior, Heitor Finimundi, Helius Carlos Guimarães, Isabel Cristina Britto Gemelli, João Roberto Barreto Filho, José Augusto Soares Vilela-Martin, José Fernando Ribeiro, José Marcio Yugar-Toledo, Juan Carlos Magalhães, Lucélia Batista Neves Cunha Drager, Luciano Ferreira Bortolotto, Luiz Aparecido Alves, Marco Antonio de Melo Malachias, Marcus Vinícius Bolívar Neves, Mario Fritsch Toros Santos, Mayara Cedrim Dinamarco, Nelson Moreira Filho, Osni Passarelli Júnior, Oswaldo Valverde de Oliveira Vitorino, Priscila Valverde de Oliveira Miranda, Roberto Dischinger Bezerra, Rodrigo Pedrosa, Rodrigo Pinto Paula, Rogério Baumgratz de Okawa, Rogério Toshiro Passos Póvoa, Rui Manuel dos Santos Fuchs, Sandra C. Inuzuka, Sayuri Ferreira-Filho, Sebastião R. Paffer Fillho, Silvio Hock de Jardim, Thiago de Souza Veiga Guimarães Neto, Vanildo da Silva Koch, Vera Hermina Gusmão, Waléria Dantas Pereira Oigman, Wille Nadruz, Wilson

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Data de publicação: 2023-09-23

Resumo: En Es Pt

Hypertension is one of the primary modifiable risk factors for morbidity and mortality worldwide, being a major risk factor for coronary artery disease, stroke, and kidney failure. Furthermore, it is highly prevalent, affecting more than one-third of the global population. Blood pressure measurement is a MANDATORY procedure in any medical care setting and is carried out by various healthcare professionals. However, it is still commonly performed without the necessary technical care. Since the diagnosis relies on blood pressure measurement, it is clear how important it is to handle the techniques, methods, and equipment used in its execution with care. It should be emphasized that once the diagnosis is made, all short-term, medium-term, and long-term investigations and treatments are based on the results of blood pressure measurement. Therefore, improper techniques and/or equipment can lead to incorrect diagnoses, either underestimating or overestimating values, resulting in inappropriate actions and significant health and economic losses for individuals and nations. Once the correct diagnosis is made, as knowledge of the importance of proper treatment advances, with the adoption of more detailed normal values and careful treatment objectives towards achieving stricter blood pressure goals, the importance of precision in blood pressure measurement is also reinforced. Blood pressure measurement (described below) is usually performed using the traditional method, the so-called casual or office measurement. Over time, alternatives have been added to it, through the use of semi-automatic or automatic devices by the patients themselves, in waiting rooms or outside the office, in their own homes, or in public spaces. A step further was taken with the use of semi-automatic devices equipped with memory that allow sequential measurements outside the office (ABPM; or HBPM) and other automatic devices that allow programmed measurements over longer periods (HBPM). Some aspects of blood pressure measurement can interfere with obtaining reliable results and, consequently, cause harm in decision-making. These include the importance of using average values, the variation in blood pressure during the day, and short-term variability. These aspects have encouraged the performance of a greater number of measurements in various situations, and different guidelines have advocated the use of equipment that promotes these actions. Devices that perform HBPM or ABPM, which, in addition to allowing greater precision, when used together, detect white coat hypertension (WCH), masked hypertension (MH), sleep blood pressure alterations, and resistant hypertension (RHT) (defined in Chapter 2 of this guideline), are gaining more and more importance. Taking these details into account, we must emphasize that information related to diagnosis, classification, and goal setting is still based on office blood pressure measurement, and for this reason, all attention must be given to the proper execution of this procedure.

La hipertensión arterial (HTA) es uno de los principales factores de riesgo modificables para la morbilidad y mortalidad en todo el mundo, siendo uno de los mayores factores de riesgo para la enfermedad de las arterias coronarias, el accidente cerebrovascular (ACV) y la insuficiencia renal. Además, es altamente prevalente y afecta a más de un tercio de la población mundial. La medición de la presión arterial (PA) es un procedimiento OBLIGATORIO en cualquier atención médica o realizado por diferentes profesionales de la salud. Sin embargo, todavía se realiza comúnmente sin los cuidados técnicos necesarios. Dado que el diagnóstico se basa en la medición de la PA, es claro el cuidado que debe haber con las técnicas, los métodos y los equipos utilizados en su realización. Debemos enfatizar que una vez realizado el diagnóstico, todas las investigaciones y tratamientos a corto, mediano y largo plazo se basan en los resultados de la medición de la PA. Por lo tanto, las técnicas y/o equipos inadecuados pueden llevar a diagnósticos incorrectos, subestimando o sobreestimando valores y resultando en conductas inadecuadas y pérdidas significativas para la salud y la economía de las personas y las naciones. Una vez realizado el diagnóstico correcto, a medida que avanza el conocimiento sobre la importancia del tratamiento adecuado, con la adopción de valores de normalidad más detallados y objetivos de tratamiento más cuidadosos hacia metas de PA más estrictas, también se refuerza la importancia de la precisión en la medición de la PA. La medición de la PA (descrita a continuación) generalmente se realiza mediante el método tradicional, la llamada medición casual o de consultorio. Con el tiempo, se han agregado alternativas a través del uso de dispositivos semiautomáticos o automáticos por parte del propio paciente, en salas de espera o fuera del consultorio, en su propia residencia o en espacios públicos. Se dio un paso más con el uso de dispositivos semiautomáticos equipados con memoria que permiten mediciones secuenciales fuera del consultorio (AMPA; o MRPA) y otros automáticos que permiten mediciones programadas durante períodos más largos (MAPA). Algunos aspectos en la medición de la PA pueden interferir en la obtención de resultados confiables y, en consecuencia, causar daños en las decisiones a tomar. Estos incluyen la importancia de usar valores promedio, la variación de la PA durante el día y la variabilidad a corto plazo. Estos aspectos han alentado la realización de un mayor número de mediciones en diversas situaciones, y diferentes pautas han abogado por el uso de equipos que promuevan estas acciones. Los dispositivos que realizan MRPA o MAPA, que además de permitir una mayor precisión, cuando se usan juntos, detectan la hipertensión de bata blanca (HBB), la hipertensión enmascarada (HM), las alteraciones de la PA durante el sueño y la hipertensión resistente (HR) (definida en el Capítulo 2 de esta guía), están ganando cada vez más importancia. Teniendo en cuenta estos detalles, debemos enfatizar que la información relacionada con el diagnóstico, la clasificación y el establecimiento de objetivos todavía se basa en la medición de la presión arterial en el consultorio, y por esta razón, se debe prestar toda la atención a la ejecución adecuada de este procedimiento.

A hipertensão arterial (HA) é um dos principais fatores de risco modificáveis para morbidade e mortalidade em todo o mundo, sendo um dos maiores fatores de risco para doença arterial coronária, acidente vascular cerebral (AVC) e insuficiência renal. Além disso, é altamente prevalente e atinge mais de um terço da população mundial. A medida da PA é procedimento OBRIGATÓRIO em qualquer atendimento médico ou realizado por diferentes profissionais de saúde. Contudo, ainda é comumente realizada sem os cuidados técnicos necessários. Como o diagnóstico se baseia na medida da PA, fica claro o cuidado que deve haver com as técnicas, os métodos e os equipamentos utilizados na sua realização. Deve-se reforçar que, feito o diagnóstico, toda a investigação e os tratamentos de curto, médio e longo prazos são feitos com base nos resultados da medida da PA. Assim, técnicas e/ou equipamentos inadequados podem levar a diagnósticos incorretos, tanto subestimando quanto superestimando valores e levando a condutas inadequadas e grandes prejuízos à saúde e à economia das pessoas e das nações. Uma vez feito o diagnóstico correto, na medida em que avança o conhecimento da importância do tratamento adequado, com a adoção de valores de normalidade mais detalhados e com objetivos de tratamento mais cuidadosos no sentido do alcance de metas de PA mais rigorosas, fica também reforçada a importância da precisão na medida da PA. A medida da PA (descrita a seguir) é habitualmente feita pelo método tradicional, a assim chamada medida casual ou de consultório. Ao longo do tempo, foram agregadas alternativas a ela, mediante o uso de equipamentos semiautomáticos ou automáticos pelo próprio paciente, nas salas de espera ou fora do consultório, em sua própria residência ou em espaços públicos. Um passo adiante foi dado com o uso de equipamentos semiautomáticos providos de memória que permitem medidas sequenciais fora do consultório (AMPA; ou MRPA) e outros automáticos que permitem medidas programadas por períodos mais prolongados (MAPA). Alguns aspectos na medida da PA podem interferir na obtenção de resultados fidedignos e, consequentemente, causar prejuízo nas condutas a serem tomadas. Entre eles, estão: a importância de serem utilizados valores médios, a variação da PA durante o dia e a variabilidade a curto prazo. Esses aspectos têm estimulado a realização de maior número de medidas em diversas situações, e as diferentes diretrizes têm preconizado o uso de equipamentos que favoreçam essas ações. Ganham cada vez mais espaço os equipamentos que realizam MRPA ou MAPA, que, além de permitirem maior precisão, se empregados em conjunto, detectam a HA do avental branco (HAB), HA mascarada (HM), alterações da PA no sono e HA resistente (HAR) (definidos no Capítulo 2 desta diretriz). Resguardados esses detalhes, devemos ressaltar que as informações relacionadas a diagnóstico, classificação e estabelecimento de metas ainda são baseadas na medida da PA de consultório e, por esse motivo, toda a atenção deve ser dada à realização desse procedimento.

https://doi.org/10.1590/SciELOPreprints.7057

Esferas de hidrogel relacionadas con oclusión intestinal
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Zurita-Martínez, Paulina M.

; Guerrero-Reséndiz, Diana A.

; Silva-Ramírez, Horacio

; Alcántara-Noguez, Carlos

; Lechuga-Mendoza, Luz A.

; Jiménez-Arrieta, Diana C.

; Vera-López, Isabel

; Torres-Hinojosa, Alejandra P.

Boletín médico del Hospital Infantil de México

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2023, Volume 80 Supl. 1 Páginas 64 - 68

Resumo: Es En | Texto: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen Introducción: La obstrucción intestinal por ingesta accidental de cuerpos extraños se presenta muy rara vez en la edad pediátrica debido a que del 80 al 90% de los objetos pueden pasar libremente por el tracto gastrointestinal. Caso clínico: Se aborda el caso de una paciente de sexo femenino de 1 año 2 meses quien presentó obstrucción intestinal debido a la ingesta de esferas de hidrogel (poliacrilato de sodio). Dichas esferas, que son utilizadas como juguetes didácticos o sensoriales, aumentan de 200 a 400 veces su tamaño inicial mediante la absorción de agua. Se realizó radiografía abdominal en proyección decúbito supino, donde llamó la atención el hallazgo de defecto de llenado redondeado en asa de flanco derecho, ya que las esferas de hidrogel son radiolúcidas. El diagnóstico se estableció mediante ultrasonido abdominal, donde se reportó líquido libre peritoneal con datos de suboclusión por cuerpos extraños a nivel intestinal. Se indicó tratamiento conservador, encontrando persistencia de aumento de perímetro abdominal. Se realizó enterotomía y se encontraron las esferas impactadas a 30 centímetros de la válvula ileocecal. Conclusiones: Las esferas de hidrogel son peligrosas para la población pediátrica. La evolución de la paciente fue favorable debido al conocimiento del objeto extraño ingerido. Sobresale la conducta expectante que se tuvo que desempeñar debido a que se desconocía el crecimiento de las esferas y en qué momento no podrían continuar su paso por el tracto gastrointestinal.

Abstract Background: Bowel obstruction due to accidental ingestion of foreign objects occurs rarely in children because 80 to 90% of the objects can pass freely through the gastrointestinal tract. Case report: We report a case of a 14-month-old infant who presented bowel obstruction caused by the ingestion of hydrogel beads (sodium polyacrylate). Hydrogel beads are used as sensory and didactic toys that can increase their initial size 200 to 400 times by liquid absorption. An abdominal X-ray was perfomed in anteroposterior supine projection, where a round filling defect at the loop of the right flank was detected; this came to our attention because hydrogel beads are usually radiolucent. The diagnosis was established by abdominal ultrasound where free intraperitoneal fluid was reported with data of small bowel pseudo-obstruction by foreign objects. Conservative treatment was prescribed, finding persistence of increased abdominal perimeter, so an enterotomy was performed for their removal; finding impacted hydrogel beads 30 centimeters from the ileocecal valve. Conclusions: Hydrogel beads are dangerous for the pediatric population. The evolution of the patient was favorable thanks to the knowledge of the foreign objects ingested. The expectant behavior that had to be executed, stands out because we had no knowledge as to the maximum size of the hydrogel in the gastrointestinal tract.

https://doi.org/10.24875/bmhim.22000137

Body size and body conditions of two dung beetles species (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) related to environmental temperatures
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Alcântara, Carolina Oliveira de

; Silva, Pedro Giovânia da

; Hernández, Malva Isabel Medina

Revista Brasileira de Entomologia

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2023, Volume 67 Nº 2 elocation e20220099

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Temperature affects the body size of animals, which is an important trait in natural and sexual selection. Insects do not have complex mechanisms of temperature control, thus temperature changes affect their life aspects, from enzymatic reactions to behavior. The amount of fat stored by insects is also influenced by temperature and constitutes a tissue with biosynthetic and metabolic activity, acting as an energy reservoir. We assessed the effect of environmental temperature due to elevation and seasonal temperature variations on body size and condition of two dung beetles species: Canthon rutilans cyanescens and Dichotomius sericeus (Coleoptera: Scarabaeinae). Both species are abundant in southern Brazilian forests, but they differ in habits: the first is a diurnal roller whereas the later is a nocturnal tunneler. Summer months and sites with lower elevations and higher temperatures presented larger C. rutilans cyanescens. A linear relationship exists between body size and soil temperatures, whereas the temperature positively influences the body length. Furthermore, C. rutilans cyanescens from cooler sites had more body fat. Individuals of D. sericeus were also larger in summer months, however, we did not find differences in the proportion of fat or a relation between body size and temperature. Thus, the body size of dung beetle species varies in relation to temporal factors, as both species are larger in summer. More interesting was to observe that the species with a diurnal habit, even though smaller in colder places, has a higher proportion of fat, which indicates an evolutionary response to environmental pressure.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-9665-rbent-2022-0099

Insecticidal plants as trade opportunities and use by small vegetable producers: an example using essential oils to control Diaphania hyalinata (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) producers Lepidoptera (Lepidoptera Crambidae
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SILVA, ISABEL M. DA

; SERRÃO, JOSÉ E.

; SANTOS, MARINALVA M. DOS

; SILVA, RICARDO S. DA

; CARVALHO, AMÉLIA G. DE

; PIRES, EVALDO M.

; ZANUNCIO, JOSÉ C.

; SOARES, MARCUS A.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2023, Volume 95 Nº 4 elocation e20191305

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Production and sale of botanical insecticides depend on knowing the potential opportunities for these products. Essential oils from plants secondary metabolism can control pests, especially in agricultural systems where synthetic insecticides are limited, as in organic agriculture. The objective of this study was to evaluate the toxicity of essential oils to Diaphania hyalinata (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) and to show regions with the potential to use Cinnamomum zeylanicum, Citrus sinensis, and Syzygium aromaticum in the formulation and commercialization of insecticides to control this insect. The C. zeylanicum oil was more toxic to larvae and pupae and the S. aromaticum to eggs of D. hyalinata. Essential oils are an alternative for the management of D. hyalinata. The production of pesticides from essential oils of C. zeylanicum, C. sinensis, and S. aromaticum to control D. hyalinata has high potential in America. Also, Asia, Africa, Europe, the Middle East, and Asia can extract these plants to formulate insecticide molecules for the America countries. products pests limited agriculture Lepidoptera (Lepidoptera Crambidae sinensis insect C S D Also Africa Europe East countries

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202320191305

Cambios en las características clínicas y desenlaces de pacientes hospitalizados por COVID-19 durante dos años de pandemia: experiencia en un hospital venezolano
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Arvelo, María C.

; Montes de Oca, María

; Sánchez-Traslaviña, Laura

; Pujol, Flor H.

; Jaspe, Rossana C.

; Silva, Isabel C.

; Stulin, Irene

; Blanco, Gabriela

; Quevedo, Jennireth

; Valera, Nathalia

; Papa, Irene

; Bacci, Santiago

; de Abreu, Fátima

; Villarroel, Héctor

; Catari, Juan C.

; Lopez, José L.

; Moran, Brigitte

; Cárdenas, Claudio

; Santucci, Saverio

; Viloria, José L.

; García, Eleonora

; Gómez, Jerry

; Martinelli, Antonio

; Guzmán, Manuel

Revista Peruana de Medicina Experimental y Salud Pública

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Set 2022, Volume 39 Nº 3 Páginas 292 - 301

Resumo: Es En | Texto: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

RESUMEN Objetivos. Determinar los cambios en las características clínicas y desenlaces intrahospitalarios de los pacientes hospitalizados por COVID-19 en un hospital privado de Caracas durante dos años de pandemia. Materiales y métodos. Estudio retrospectivo, observacional, de pacientes hospitalizados por COVID-19. Se investigó la correspondencia entre las olas de ingresos hospitalarios con las variantes circulantes del SARS-CoV-2 en la población general del Distrito Capital y estado Miranda. Resultados. Se incluyeron 1025 pacientes (569 hombres y 456 mujeres), con edad promedio de 62,9 DE: 16,2 años. Cuatro olas de ingresos hospitalarios fueron identificadas: primera (marzo-noviembre 2020) 150/1025 (14,6%) casos; segunda (diciembre-2020 a mayo-2021) 415/1025 (40,5%) casos; tercera (junio-diciembre 2021) 344/1025 (33,6%) casos; cuarta (enero-febrero 2022) 116/1025 (11,3%) casos. La edad promedio fue mayor en la cuarta ola (primera 64,0±15,7, segunda 61,4±15,8, tercera 62,1±16,5, y cuarta ola 68,5±16,4), mientras que la proporción de pacientes masculinos (primera 66,7%, segunda 58,8%, tercera 50,3%, y cuarta 44,8%), los pacientes con enfermedad grave-crítica (primera 65,3%, segunda 57%, tercera 51,7% y cuarta 44,8%), la estadía intrahospitalaria (primera 9,1±6,0, segunda 9,0±7,3, tercera 8,8±7,7, y cuarta 6,9±5,0 días), los ingresos a la UCI (primera 23,3%, segunda 15,7%, tercera 14,0%, y cuarta 11,2%; p=0,027) y la mortalidad (primera 21.8%, segunda 10,7%, tercera 9,1%, y cuarta 7,1%; p<0,001) disminuyeron progresivamente con el tiempo. Conclusiones. Los resultados muestran menor frecuencia de casos severos y mejoría de los desenlaces intrahospitalarios en dos años de pandemia. Es probable que los cambios en las variantes circulantes, las mejoras del manejo de la enfermedad y la vacunación hayan influido sobre estos resultados.

ABSTRACT Objectives. To determine changes in the clinical characteristics and in-hospital outcomes of patients hospitalized for COVID-19 in a private hospital in Caracas during two years of the pandemic. Materials and Methods. Retrospective, observational study of patients hospitalized for COVID-19. We evaluated the correspondence between waves of hospital admissions and circulating variants of SARS-CoV-2 in the general population of the Capital District and Miranda state. Results. A total of 1025 patients (569 men and 456 women) were included, with a mean age of 62.9 SD: 16.2 years. Four waves of hospital admissions were identified: first (March-November 2020) 150/1025 (14.6%) cases; second (December 2020 to May 2021) 415/1025 (40.5%) cases; third (June-December 2021) 344/1025 (33.6%) cases; fourth (January-February 2022) 116/1025 (11.3%) cases. The mean age was higher in the fourth wave (first: 64.0±15.7, second: 61.4±15.8, third: 62.1±16.5, and fourth wave: 68.5±16.4), while the proportion of male patients (first: 66.7%, second: 58.8%, third: 50.3%, and fourth wave: 44.8%), patients with severe-critical illness (first: 65.3%, second: 57%, third: 51.7%, and fourth wave: 44.8%), in-hospital stay (first: 9.1±6.0, second: 9.0±7.3, third: 8.8±7.7, and fourth wave: 6.9±5.0 days), ICU admissions (first: 23.3%, second: 15.7%, third: 14.0%, and fourth wave: 11.2%; p=0.027) and mortality (first: 21. 8%, second: 10.7%, third: 9.1%, and fourth wave: 7.1%; p<0.001) progressively decreased over time. Conclusions. The results show lower frequency of severe cases and improvement of in-hospital outcomes in two years of the pandemic. Changes in circulating variants, improvements in disease management and vaccination are likely to have influenced these results.

https://doi.org/10.17843/rpmesp.2022.393.11195

Cambios en las características clínicas y desenlaces de pacientes hospitalizados por COVID-19 durante dos años de pandemia: experiencia en un hospital venezolano
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Arvelo, María C.

; Montes de Oca, María

; Sánchez-Traslaviña, Laura

; Pujol, Flor H.

; Jaspe, Rossana C.

; Silva, Isabel C.

; Stulin, Irene

; Blanco, Gabriela

; Quevedo, Jennireth

; Valera, Nathalia

; Papa, Irene

; Bacci, Santiago

; de Abreu, Fátima

; Villarroel, Héctor

; Catari, Juan C.

; Lopez, José L.

; Moran, Brigitte

; Cárdenas, Claudio

; Santucci, Saverio

; Viloria, José L.

; García, Eleonora

; Gómez, Jerry

; Martinelli, Antonio

; Guzmán, Manuel

Revista Peruana de Medicina Experimental y Salud Publica

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Jul 2022, Volume 39 Nº 3 Páginas 292 - 301

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

https://doi.org/10.17843/rpmesp.2022.393.11195

Volviéndonos mejores: necesidad de acción inmediata ante el reto de la obesidad. Una postura de profesionales de la salud
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Barquera, Simón

; Véjar-Rentería, Lesly Samara

; Aguilar-Salinas, Carlos

; Garibay-Nieto, Nayely

; García-García, Eduardo

; Bonvecchio, Anabelle

; Perichart, Otilia

; Torres-Tamayo, Margarita

; Esquivias-Zavala, Héctor

; Villalpando-Carrión, Salvador

; García-Méndez, Rosalba Carolina

; Apolinar-Jiménez, Evelia

; Kaufer-Horwitz, Martha

; Martínez-Montañez, Olga Georgina

; Fajardo Niquete, Ileana

; Aguirre-Crespo, Alejandra

; Gómez-Álvarez, Enrique

; Hernández-Jiménez, Sergio C.

; Denova-Gutiérrez, Edgar

; Batis, Carolina

; Elías-López, Daniel

; Palos-Lucio, Ana Gabriela

; Vásquez-Garibay, Edgar M.

; Romero-Velarde, Enrique

; Ortiz-Rodríguez, María Araceli

; Almendra-Pegueros, Rafael

; Contreras, Alejandra

; Nieto, Claudia

; Hernández-Cordero, Sonia

; Munguía, Ana

; Rojas-Russell, Mario

; Sánchez-Escobedo, Samantha

; Delgado-Amézquita, Elvia

; Aranda-González, Irma

; Cruz-Casarrubias, Carlos

; Campos-Nonato, Ismael

; García-Espino, Fátima

; Martínez-Vázquez, Sophia

; Arellano-Gómez, Laura P.

; Caballero-Cantú, Idalia

; Hunot-Alexander, Claudia

; Valero-Morales, Isabel

; González-González, Lorena

; Ríos-Cortázar, Víctor

; Medina-García, Catalina

; Argumedo, Gabriela

; Calleja-Enríquez, Carmen Rosa

; Robles-Macías, Edna

; Nava-González, Edna J.

; Lara-Riegos, Julio

; Sánchez-Plascencia, Ana K.

; Hernández-Fernández, Mauricio

; Rodríguez-Núñez, Jose Luis

; Rangel-Quillo, Sarai

; Cancino-Marentes, Martha Edith

; Hernández-Viana, Mónica J.

; Saldivar-Frausto, Mariana

; Álvarez-Ramírez, Miriam

; Sandoval-Salazar, Cuauhtémoc

; Silva-Tinoco, Rubén Oswaldo

; Moreno-Villanueva, Mildred

; Villarreal-Arce, María Elena

; Barriguete, J. Armando

; White, Mariel

; Jauregui, Alejandra

; Tolentino-Mayo, Lizbeth

; López-Ridaura, Ruy

; Rivera-Dommarco, Juan

Salud Pública de México

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Abr 2022, Volume 64 Nº 2 Páginas 225 - 229

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract: In recent decades, the growing obesity epidemic in Mexico has become one of the most important public health challenges faced by the country. With support from the World Obesity Federation, we formed a working group in 2021 to identify and summarize priority actions that Mexico can take to face this epidemic. More than 1 000 health professionals joined the development and discussion process. Recommendations from previously published, high-level documents and guidelines were taken into account. In commemoration of World Obesity Day 2022, this statement is presented as input for health care professionals to develop actions to address obesity. The statement includes 10 recommendations that include population-level and individual-level actions. It emphasizes the importance of social participation, comprehensive interventions with a person- centered perspective, planetary sustainability, on improving education and communication campaigns, as well as fostering a built environment that promotes active living, and shielding prevention and control efforts from conflicts of interest. The statement calls for obesity to be treated seriously, based on scientific evidence, in a timely and comprehensive manner, employing a life-course and ethical approach that does not perpetuate weight stigma in society.

resumen está disponible en el texto completo

https://doi.org/10.21149/13679

Psychometric properties of the Brief Symptom Inventory support the hypothesis of a general psychopathological factor
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Serpa, Alexandre Luiz de Oliveira

; Costa, Danielle Souza

; Ferreira, Clarice de Medeiros Chaves

; Pinheiro, Mayra Isabel C.

; Diaz, Alexandre Paim

; de Paula, Jonas Jardim

; Miranda, Debora Marques

; da Silva, Antônio Geraldo

; Malloy-Diniz, Leandro Fernandes

Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy

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2022, Volume 44 elocation e20210207

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Introduction The existence of a general factor related to psychiatric symptoms is supported by studies using a variety of methods in both clinical and non-clinical samples. Objectives This study aims to evaluate the replicability of the internal structure of the Brief Symptom Inventory in a large Brazilian sample. Methods Participants were 6,427 Brazilian subjects (81% female). Mean age was 42.1 years (standard deviation [SD] = 13.6, Min = 13, Max = 80). All participants completed the online version of the Brief Symptom Inventory. This scale presents a general score (GSI) and nine specific clusters of symptoms (depression, anxiety, phobic anxiety, interpersonal sensibility, psychoticism, paranoid ideation, obsessive-compulsive behavior, hostility, and somatization symptoms). Results Confirmatory factor analysis was performed to assess the factor structure of the BSI. The results showed that the best-fitting model was a bifactor solution and the general factor was the main dimension explaining most of the reliable variability in the data. Conclusion The findings suggest that the BSI’s internal structure was replicated in a non-clinical sample and that the general factor is the most reliable score. However, it is necessary to better understand the meaning of the general factor scores in a non-clinical sample to increase interpretability of scores.

https://doi.org/10.47626/2237-6089-2021-0207

ÁLCOOL EM GEL PARA ASSEPSIA DAS MÃOS – FORMULAÇÃO ADEQUADA E EFICIÊNCIA GARANTIDA EM MEIO À PANDEMIA DA COVID-19
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Ferreira, Kleber Queiroz

; Rigoli, Isabel C.

; Silva, Marcus V. S. da

; Espeleta, Alexandre de Freitas

; Rocha, Zênis Novais da

Química Nova

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2022, Volume 45 Nº 3 Páginas 324 - 334

Resumo: Pt | Texto: Pt | PDF: Pt

The use of hand antiseptics became widespread as a routine in the fight against COVID-19. In the market, the availability and purchase of substandard antiseptics create a permanent concern with safety, even after a pandemic. Therefore, the development of easy-to-deploy analytical methods for the quality control of alcohol-based hand antiseptics is needed. In this work, to determine the ethanol content in alcohol gel the use of refractometry and alcohol oxidation method by dichromate accompanied by UV-Vis spectroscopy were applied. The results indicated that 19 brands (out of the 70 evaluated) (27.1%) had levels of ethyl alcohol below the recommended level (68.25%), therefore, they are ineffective for hand asepsis. For the quality control of hand antiseptics, refractometry and the oxidation-reduction reaction are complementary analytical methodologies. As a quick, inexpensive screening method, refractometry provides a more suitable technique. However, the interference of emollients may affect the accuracy of the ethanol content determination. Therefore, applying the ethanol oxidation method coupled with electronic spectroscopy offers a simple and broadly accessible method to confirm the ethanol content in alcohol-based hand antiseptics. In addition to developing quality control protocols, is also described the 3.5-ton production of alcohol gel at the Federal University of Bahia.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0100-4042.20170831

10.

Crosstalk between biological and chemical diversity with cytotoxic and cytostatic effects of Aphanothece halophytica in vitro
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SILVA, ISABEL V.G

; SILVA, KARINA L.

; MAIA, RAQUEL C.

; DUARTE, HEITOR M.

; COUTINHO, RICARDO

; NEVES, MARIA HELENA C.B

; SOARES, ANGELICA R.

; LOPES, GISELLE P.F.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2022, Volume 94 Supl. 4 elocation e20211585

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Different solvent extracts from Aphanothece halophytica (A. halophytica) were evaluated for their cytotoxic effects against four human cancer cell lines. The samples demonstrated different percentages of cyanobacteria species populations. The samples containing 100% A. halophytica and 90% A. halophytica showed a significant cytotoxic effect in human breast cancer cells MDA231. The cytostatic effect was demonstrated in MDA231 and human glioblastoma T98G cells regardless of the treatment, resulting in a significant cell cycle arrest in the S phase. The chemical profiles of the extracts were proven to be diverse in qualitative and quantitative compositions. This variability was dependent on the A. halophytica´s abundance in each extract. The 100% A. halophytica extract induced cytotoxic and cytostatic effects in breast cancer cells, and those could be associated with the predominance of fatty acids, hydrocarbons and phthalates, indicating that A. halophytica is an interesting source of novel compound with anticancer effect.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202220211585

11.

Drug-induced parkinsonism: what should a psychiatrist know?
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Vásquez-Builes, Santiago

; Salazar-Duque, Catalina

; Tieck-Fernández, María P.

; Rojas-Gallego, Isabel C.

; Díaz-Silva, Gustavo A.

Revista mexicana de neurociencia

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Ago 2021, Volume 22 Nº 4 Páginas 146 - 151

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract Drug-induced parkinsonism is the main cause of secondary parkinsonism in the world. Antipsychotics, antidepressants, and mood stabilizers are the most common drugs implicated in the parkinsonism. This is why psychiatrists and neurologists must have deep knowledge of the diverse aspects of these disorders, to take the best diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.

Resumen El parkinsonismo inducido por medicamentos es la principal causa de parkinsonismo secundario en el mundo. Los antipsicóticos, antidepresivos y moduladores del estado de ánimo son los medicamentos más frecuentemente implicados en el desarrollo de este trastorno. Por tanto, es necesario que psiquiatras y neurólogos conozcan profundamente las diversas características del parkinsonismo inducido por medicamentos, para tomar las mejores decisiones diagnósticas y terapéuticas en estos pacientes.

https://doi.org/10.24875/rmn.20000010 325 downloads

12.

Profiling the Cymbopogon nardus Ethanol Extract and Its Antifungal Potential against Candida Species with Different Patterns of Resistance
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Toledo, Luciani G. de

; Ramos, Matheus A. S.

; Spósito, Larissa

; Castilho, Elza M.

; Pavan, Fernando R.

; Lopes, Érica O.

; Silva, Isabel C. da

; Zocolo, Guilherme J.

; Ribeiro, Paulo R. V.

; Oda, Fernando B.

; Pereira, Juhan A. S.

; Santos, André G. dos

; Bauab, Taís M.

; Almeida, Margarete T. G. de

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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Set 2020, Volume 31 Nº 9 Páginas 1926 - 1938

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

The essential oil of Cymbopogon nardus, citronella, has been extensively studied. However, the chemical and biological properties of the ethanolic extract (EE) of C. nardus have not been evaluated. The aim of this study was to characterize the chemical composition of the EE of C. nardus and its active fraction (FrD). Moreover, the cytotoxic and antifungal properties of these extracts against Candida species with different resistance profiles to conventional drugs were evaluated. The compounds identified in EE were mono-C- and di-C-glycosyl flavones and phenylpropanoid glycosides. Phenylpropanoid glycosides were identified in FrD. EE showed antifungal activity, with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values ranging from 62. 5 to 500 µg mL-1. FrD was more effective against C. glabrata, as evidenced by the lowest MIC value (15. 6 µg mL-1). EE inhibited yeast growth similar to amphotericin-B, as demonstrated by similar time-kill curves. EE inhibited C. albicans hyphae formation and mature biofilm of C. albicans, C. krusei and C. parapsilosis. The results of the chemical and biological analyses of EE and its fractions provided novel information and may contribute to control of infections caused by Candida species.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20200093 454 downloads

13.

SYNTHESIS AND PHYTOTOXIC PROFILE OF A NEW TETRAOXANE DESIGNED FROM A COMMERCIAL AUXIN
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Antolínez, Isabel V.

; Barbosa, Luiz C. A.

; Maltha, Célia R. A.

; Pereira, Gustavo A. M. M.

; Silva, Antônio A.

Química Nova

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Jul 2020, Volume 43 Nº 7 Páginas 901 - 908

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Modern agriculture relies on the massive use of agrochemicals, including herbicides. Despite their effectiveness, a continuous use of herbicides sharing the same target has resulted in the selection of weed biotypes resistant to such chemicals. To cope with this problem, the development of new herbicides is an urgent requirement. In this work we applied the Active compound Derivatization Method (ADM) strategy to develop a new tetraoxane (5), derived from the synthetic auxin 2-(naphtalen-1-yl)acetic acid (NAA). Greenhouse bioassays showed that 5 caused chlorosis, necrosis and leaf epinasty in Cucumis sativa. Furthermore, this compound, at the concentration of 1.25 x 10-5 mol L-1, inhibited the growth of important weeds such as Bidens pilosa, Iponomea acuminate, Solanum americanum and Althernantera ficoidea. For some weeds, the compound effect was higher or comparable to those caused by commercial glyphosate and imazethapyr. In addition, degradation studies revealed that 5 is transformed into NAA. The results also showed that 5 could act as photosynthesis inhibitor and as an auxin herbicide. In summary, we have discovered a new compound that may be a useful lead for the development of a commercial herbicide.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0100-4042.20170549 503 downloads

14.

New resistance sources to root-knot nematode in Capsicum pepper
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Pinheiro, Jadir B

; Silva, Giovani Olegario da

; Macêdo, Amanda G

; Biscaia, Danielle

; Ragassi, Carlos Francisco

; Ribeiro, Cláudia SC

; Carvalho, Sabrina Isabel C de

; Reifschneider, Francisco José B

Horticultura Brasileira

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Jan 2020, Volume 38 Nº 1 Páginas 33 - 40

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Este trabalho teve como objetivo a caracterização de 37 genótipos de pimenta das espécies Capsicum chinense, C. annuum e C. frutescens, quanto à resistência a três espécies de nematoides-das-galhas Meloidogyne javanica, M. incognita raça 1 e M. enterolobii, visando prospectar potenciais fontes de resistência para serem utilizadas no melhoramento. Para isso, foram realizados três experimentos em 2013, 2014 e 2016, em casa de vegetação, com delineamento em blocos casualizados com seis repetições em parcelas constituídas por uma planta/vaso. Os dados foram submetidos a análises de variância e de agrupamento de médias. Todos genótipos de pimenta avaliados foram resistentes ou imunes a M. javanica. Para M. incognita raça 1, todos genótipos de C. frutescens avaliados no primeiro experimento foram resistentes, enquanto que os seis genótipos de C. chinense foram suscetíveis. Ainda, para M. incognita, todos genótipos de C. chinense e C. annuum avaliados no segundo experimento, foram resistentes. No terceiro experimento, com genótipos de C. annuum, a maioria foi suscetível a M. incognita raça 1, mas os genótipos CNPH 30118 e CNPH 6144 foram resistentes. Quanto a M. enterolobii, que é a espécie mais agressiva, com poucas fontes de resistência descritas, houve uma tendência de maior grau de resistência em C. chinense e C. frutescens. Mas, apesar de a maioria dos genótipos avaliados serem suscetíveis, foram observadas diferenças significativas quanto ao grau de suscetibilidade. A principal contribuição deste trabalho foi a identificação de um genótipo resistente a M. enterolobii, a cultivar BRS Nandaia, sendo possível explorar esta fonte de resistência no melhoramento genético.

ABSTRACT Thirty seven pepper genotypes, Capsicum chinense, C. annuum and C. frutescens, were characterized for resistance to three root-knot nematode species (Meloidogyne javanica, M. incognita race 1 and M. enterolobii) aiming to find potential resistance sources to be used in breeding programs. Three experiments were carried out, in 2013, 2014 and 2016, in a greenhouse, in randomized block design and six replicates, one plant/pot. Data were submitted to analysis of variance and average clustering. All evaluated pepper genotypes were resistant or immune to M. javanica. For M. incognita race 1, all accessions of C. frutescens, evaluated in the first experiment, were resistant, whereas the six accessions of C. chinense were susceptible. For M. incognita, all genotypes of C. chinense and C. annuum, evaluated in the second experiment, were resistant. In the third experiment, evaluating C. annuum genotypes, we verified that most were susceptible to M. incognita race 1; genotypes CNPH 30118 and CNPH 6144 were resistant, though. M. enterolobii, which is the most aggressive species, with few resistance sources described, showed a tendency of greater degree of resistance in C. chinense and C. frutescens. Although most of the evaluated genotypes were susceptible, significant differences were observed regarding the degree of susceptibility. The main contribution of this study was the identification of a genotype resistant to M. enterolobii, cultivar BRS Nandaia, which can be used in breeding programs.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s0102-053620200105 893 downloads

15.

Essential oils in the control of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides f. Sp. cepae in onion seeds
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Lozada, Maria Isabel Ordonez

; Silva, Patricia Pereira da

; Pereira, Ricardo Borges

; Nascimento, Warley Marcos

Revista Ciência Agronômica

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Set 2019, Volume 50 Nº 3 Páginas 510 - 518

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO A antracnose causada pelo fungo Colletotrichum gloeosporioides f. sp. cepae é umas das principais doenças na cultura da cebola. A principal estratégia de controle deste fungo é o controle químico com fungicida sendo esta técnica utilizada na maior parte dos cultivos. Atualmente vem sendo estudados métodos de controle de doenças que sejam menos agressivos ao ambiente, mostrando-se como alternativa o uso de óleos essenciais. Diante do exposto, objetivou-se avaliar o efeito direto dos óleos essenciais de manjericão (Ocimum basilicum), capim-limão (Cymbopogon citratus (DC) Stapf.), sálvia (Salvia officinalis), tomilho (Thymus vulgaris) e citronela (Cymbopogon winterianus) como alternativa no controle do fungo C. gloeosporioides f. sp. cepae, além de determinar seu efeito sobre a qualidade fisiológica de sementes de cebola. Os óleos essenciais de capim-limão e sálvia não afetaram a qualidade fisiológica das sementes de cebola e todos os óleos essenciais utilizados promoveram a inibição da germinação de esporos de C. gloeosporioides f. sp. cepae. Os óleos essenciais de tomilho, capim-limão e citronela, na concentração de 2.000 ppm, inibiram totalmente o crescimento micelial do fungo. O tratamento com o óleo essencial de capim-limão em sementes inoculadas com patógeno proporcionou maior proteção contra o ataque de fungo.

ABSTRACT Anthracnose, one of the major diseases in the onion, is caused by the fungus Colletotrichum gloeosporioides f. sp. cepae. The main strategy for controlling this fungus is by the use of fungicide, with this technique being used on the majority of crops. Currently, methods of disease control are being studied that are less aggressive to the environment, with the use of essential oils proving to be an alternative. As such, the aim of this study was to evaluate the direct effect of the essential oils of basil (Ocimum basilicum), lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus (DC) Stapf.), sage (Salvia officinalis), thyme (Thymus vulgaris) and citronella (Cymbopogon winterianus) as an alternative in the control of the fungus C. gloeosporioides f. sp. cepae, in addition to determining its effect on the physiological quality of onion seeds. The essential oils of lemongrass and sage did not affect the physiological quality of the onion seeds, and all the essential oils used helped to inhibit spore germination in C. gloeosporioides f. sp. cepae. The essential oils of thyme, lemongrass and citronella at a concentration of 2000 ppm completely inhibited mycelial growth in the fungus. Treatment with the essential oil of lemongrass in seeds inoculated with the pathogen gave greater protection against fungal attack.

https://doi.org/10.5935/1806-6690.20190060 989 downloads

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