Resumo O Brasil experimenta um notável enfraquecimento da institucionalidade relativa à implementação de uma agenda para a sustentabilidade, a partir do governo de Jair Bolsonaro. Visando identificar tendências e rupturas, o presente trabalho explora quatro eixos da atual governança ambiental brasileira, tomando quatro Objetivos do Desenvolvimento Sustentável (ODS) como ferramenta de análise: Gênero (ODS 5), Energia (ODS 7), Resíduos Sólidos (ODS 12) e Vida Terrestre (ODS 15). O trabalho está estruturado como um ensaio crítico, subsidiado pela evolução histórica dos indicadores associados aos ODS analisados. Conclui-se que há um enfraquecimento da governança ambiental, dentro de um entendimento da importância de uma articulação multi-atores e de governança participativa. Verificam-se que existem fissuras a partir de 2019 no nível federal, com uma descontinuidade em várias políticas importantes, mas nos níveis territoriais existem tendências históricas que já mostravam injustiças no âmbito socioambiental, que se agravam diante da crise da COVID-19.

Abstract Brazil has experienced a notable weakening of its institutional framework related to the implementation of an agenda for sustainability since the Jair Bolsonaro Administration. Aiming to identify trends and ruptures, this paper explores four axes of current Brazilian environmental governance, taking four Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) as an analysis tool: Gender (SDG 5), Energy (SDG 7), Solid Waste (SDG 12), and Life on Land (SDG 15). The study is structured as a critical essay, supported by the historical evolution of the indicators associated with the analyzed SDGs. It is concluded that there has been a weakening of environmental governance, within an understanding of the importance of a multi-stakeholder articulation and participatory governance. It is verified that there cracks have developed since 2019 at the federal level, with a discontinuity in a number of key policies, while at the territorial levels, there are historical trends that already showed injustices in the social and environmental scope, which have been aggravated in the face of the COVID-19 crisis.

Resumen Brasil experimenta, a partir del gobierno de Jair Bolsonaro, un notable debilitamiento de la institucionalidad en lo relativo a la implementación de una agenda hacia la sustentabilidad. Apuntando a identificar tendencias y rupturas, el presente trabajo explora cuatro ejes de la actual gobernanza ambiental brasileña, tomando como herramienta de análisis cuatro Objetivos del Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS): Género (ODS 5), Energía (ODS 7), Residuos Sólidos (ODS 12) y Vida Terrestre (ODS 15). El trabajo está estructurado como un ensayo crítico, subsidiado por la evaluación histórica de los indicadores asociados a los ODS analizados. Se concluye que hay un debilitamiento de la gobernanza ambiental, en lo que refiere a la importancia de una articulación multiactores y de la gobernanza participativa. Se verifica que existen fracturas a partir del 2019 en el nivel federal, con una discontinuidad en varias políticas importantes, pero en los niveles territoriales existen tendencias históricas que ya mostraban injusticias en el ámbito socioambiental, que luego se agravan dada la crisis de la pandemia del COVID-19.

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Postpoliomyelitis syndrome is a clinical condition that can affect poliomyelitis survivors. OBJECTIVE: Our aim was to evaluate knowledge of poliomyelitis and postpoliomyelitis syndrome among Brazilian healthcare professionals. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional study conducted at a Brazilian public higher education institution located in the state of Goiás. METHODS: The participants (n = 578) were Brazilian physicians, physical therapists, nurses, nutritionists and psychologists. A self-administered questionnaire (30 questions) was designed to probe knowledge about poliomyelitis and postpoliomyelitis syndrome. From the questionnaire, we created a structured test to objectively evaluate the knowledge of these professionals. The test was composed of 20 questions and was scored over a range from 0 (totally ill-informed) to 20 (totally well-informed). RESULTS: In general, the physicians, physical therapists and nurses demonstrated better understanding of poliomyelitis and postpoliomyelitis syndrome. The healthcare professionals who had received previous information about poliomyelitis and postpoliomyelitis syndrome had significantly higher scores than those who had never received information (P < 0.001). On average, this difference was approximately 28.6%. CONCLUSIONS: The findings from the present study indicate that there is a critical need for improvement of knowledge about postpoliomyelitis syndrome among Brazilian healthcare professionals. The services provided by these professionals may therefore become compromised. Furthermore, public healthcare initiatives should be implemented to improve knowledge among healthcare professionals.

Resumo Diante da pandemia do coronavírus Sars-CoV-2, causador da Covid-19 e do número elevado de pessoas infectadas e mortes no Brasil, esta pesquisa tem como objetivo identificar e entender o impacto desta crise sanitária sobre os pequenos produtores rurais, que compõem um dos grupos vulneráveis da sociedade brasileira. Por meio de questionários e depoimentos de participantes de diferentes regiões, os resultados indicam que os produtores sofreram impactos da pandemia de forma multidimensional sobre a produção, a comercialização, a renda, a saúde humana e as formas de comunicação. Entretanto, conseguiram superar alguns dos desafios impostos pela pandemia a partir de um conjunto de fatores, principalmente de ações solidárias e coletivas, de soluções criativas individuais e do suporte de políticas públicas.

Abstract The pandemic of coronavirus Sars-CoV-2 that causes Covid-19 disease has infected a high number of people and caused deaths in Brazil. Thus, this study seeks to identify and understand the impact of this sanitary crisis on small-scale farmers who comprise one of the vulnerable groups of the Brazilian society. We applied questionnaires and gathered reports of participants from different regions and the results indicate that farmers have suffered from the negative impacts of pandemic on multiple dimensions regarding production, commercialization, income, human health, and forms of communication. However, they have been able to overcome some of the challenges brought by the pandemic due to a set of factors, mainly collective actions and solidarity network, individual creative solutions, and public policies.

RESUMO Objetivo: Determinar os fatores associados à complexidade alta da farmacoterapia em pacientes com doença arterial coronariana. Métodos: Realizou-se um estudo transversal em um ambulatório multiprofissional de cardiologia na Atenção Secundária do Sistema Único de Saúde, de onde foram coletadas características sociodemográficas (idade, sexo e escolaridade), clínicas (número de condições de saúde, diagnósticos cardiovasculares e comorbidades) e farmacoterápicas (adesão, polifarmácia e polifarmácia cardiovascular). Essas características foram relacionadas com a complexidade da farmacoterapia, mensurada por meio do Índice de Complexidade da Farmacoterapia. A classificação em complexidade alta da farmacoterapia foi realizada empregando a normatização para idosos e a estratificação para pacientes adultos, sugeridas na literatura. Resultados: A complexidade da farmacoterapia total dos 148 pacientes apresentou mediana igual a 17,0 (amplitude interquartílica de 10,5). Na análise univariada, os fatores associados à complexidade alta foram insuficiência cardíaca, diabetes mellitus, hipertensão arterial, cinco ou mais doenças e não adesão. No modelo final, após regressão logística, houve associação estatisticamente significante (p<0,05) com as variáveis diabetes mellitus, hipertensão arterial e não adesão. Conclusão: A complexidade alta da farmacoterapia em pacientes com doença arterial coronariana foi associada à presença de diabetes mellitus, hipertensão arterial e relato de não adesão a medicamentos

ABSTRACT Objective: To determine the factors associated with the high complexity of medication regimen in patients with coronary artery disease. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out in a multiprofessional cardiology outpatient clinic, in the Secondary Care of the Unified Health System, where sociodemographic (age, sex, and education), clinical (number of health conditions, cardiovascular diagnoses, and comorbidities) and pharmacotherapeutic (adherence, polypharmacy, and cardiovascular polypharmacy) characteristics were collected. These were related to complexity of medication regimen, measured through the medication regimen complexity index. The classification of high complexity of medication regimen was carried out using standardization for the older adults and stratification for adult patients, as suggested in the literature. Results: The total complexity medication regimen of 148 patients had a median of 17.0 (interquartile range of 10.5). In the univariate analysis, the factors associated with high complexity were heart failure, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, five or more diseases, and non-adherence to treatment. In the final model, after logistic regression, there was a statistically significant association (p<0.05) with the variables diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and non-adherence. Conclusion: The high complexity of medication regimen in patients with coronary artery disease was associated with the presence of diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and reports of non-adherence to treatment.

Abstract The literature reports several potential applications of polymers prepared with high internal phase emulsions (HIPEs). However, the evaluation of these materials as supports for antimicrobial agents has not been explored. In this work, silver composites based on polyHIPEs were prepared. Initial studies indicated that these materials can be efficient to prevent biofilm formation. The silver composites were prepared in three steps. First, HIPEs based on styrene-divinylbenzene were polymerized by aqueous suspension polymerization. These particles showed surface areas of 18 and 48 m2/g. These polyHIPEs were sulfonated with concentrated sulfuric acid or acetyl sulfate and showed cation exchange capacities of 4.03 and 5.07 meq/g respectively. The sulfonated material was impregnated with silver ions, followed by reduction of the ions to prepare silver composites. These composites showed inhibition halos against E. coli and P. aeruginosa. and did not present adhesion of bacterial cells of K. variicola and S. aureus on their surface.

Abstract INTRODUCTION: Canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL) is an endemic disease in Brazil, and integrated control actions have been adopted by the Brazilian Ministry of Health to control its spread. However, the transmission profile is unknown in areas with recent CVL cases, including Itaúna, located in the Brazilian state of Minas Gerais, where the present study was carried out. METHODS: A total of 2,302 dogs from 12 neighborhoods were serologically tested for canine VL using the current diagnostic protocol adopted by the Brazilian Ministry of Health. Test positivity rate (TPR) and CVL prevalence were determined for each neighborhood. The presence of Leishmania was assessed in 60 seropositive dogs which had been recommended for euthanasia. Twenty-two of them (37%) were asymptomatic, and 38 (63%) were symptomatic for CVL. Parasitological (myeloculture and smear/imprint) and molecular (PCR) methods were employed for Leishmania detection in bone marrow, spleen, mesenteric lymph nodes, and ear skin. The infecting Leishmania species was identified by DNA sequencing. RESULTS: CVL prevalence (per 1,000 dogs) varied from 0.0-166.67, depending on the neighborhood, with a mean of 68.96 (SD 51.38). Leishmania DNA was detected in at least one tissue from all seropositive dogs, with comparable TPR among tissues. Leishmania parasites were identified in most (54/60) seropositive dogs, and the infecting parasite was identified as Leishmania infantum in all of these. CONCLUSIONS: Prevalence of CVL is a contributor to the spread of visceral leishmaniasis in Itaúna.

Resumo Aprendizagem socioemocional nem sempre é contemplada, com devido planejamento e embasamento científico, na educação infantil. Avaliou-se impacto de intervenção de Regulação Emocional (RE) no desempenho escolar e Habilidades Sociais (HS) de 55 crianças de escolas públicas, utilizando-se Matrizes Progressivas Coloridas de Raven (CPM), Teste de Desempenho Escolar e Sistema de Avaliação de Habilidades Sociais (SSRS-BR).Após nove encontros de 50 minutos abordando estratégias de RE, avaliação de HS pelo professor indicou melhora em todos os aspectos de HS noGrupo Intervenção (GI) e piora no autocontrole no GrupoComparação (GC). Autoavaliação de HS mostrou que GI superou diferença inicial na assertividadee evitação de problemas. Os resultados sugerem que programas de RE podem trazer benefícios para o desenvolvimento das HS.

Abstract In early childhood education, socio-emotional learning is not always considered with appropriate planning nor based on scientific evidence. Aiming to analyze impact of an Emotional Regulation (ER) Intervention in school achievement and social skills (SS), fifty-five children from public schools were evaluated by Raven's Coloured Progressive Matrices (CPM), School Achievement Test (TDE) and Social Skills Rating System (SSRS-BR). After nine 50-minute meetings addressing ER strategies, evaluation of SS by the teacher indicated improvement in all aspects of SS in Intervention Group (IG) and worsening of the self-control in Comparison Group (CG). Self-evaluation of SS showed that IG overcame the initial difference in assertiveness and problem avoidance. Results suggest that ER programs can bring benefits to the development of SS.

RESUMO: O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a atividade anti-helmíntica in vitro do ácido succínico (AS) isolado do resíduo de sisal sobre nematódeos gastrointestinais de caprinos, utilizando os ensaios de inibição da eclosão de ovos e motilidade larval. Além disso, a citotoxicidade do AS em culturas de células Vero foi investigada empregando-se o teste de MTT (brometo de 3-4,5-dimetiltiazol-2-ilo, brometo de 2,5-difeniltetrazólio). O AS promoveu redução significativa no percentual de eclosão de ovos (P<0,05) em todas as concentrações testadas (60 a 250μg mL-1). As médias (± desvio padrão) da CE50 e CE90 (Concentração efetiva 50% e 90%) sobre ovos foram de 90.3±2.8 e 130±3.5μg mL-1, respectivamente. O AS não apresentou atividade larvicida. O AS foi menos tóxico para as células Vero, com média do percentual de viabilidade celular igual a 85±6.2% na concentração de 130μg mL-1. Os resultados sugerem que o AS tem potencial efeito anti-helmíntico, embora sejam necessários a realização de estudos in vivo para confirmar seu uso terapêutico.

ABSTRACT: This study was conducted to evaluate the in vitro anthelmintic activity of the succinic acid (SA) isolated from sisal waste against gastrointestinal nematodes of goats, using the egg hatching and larvae motility assays. In addition, potential cytotoxicity of SA on Vero cell cultures was investigated by means of MTT (3-4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl, 2,5diphenyltetrazolium bromide) test. The SA induced a significant inhibition of egg hatching (P<0.05) at all concentrations tested (60 to 250µg mL-1), and the concentrations to inhibit 50% (EC50) and 90% (EC90) values (mean ± standard deviation) were 90.3±2.8 and 130.6±3.5µg mL-1, respectively. The SA has not shown larvicidal activity. The SA was less toxic to the Vero cells, with the mean percentage of cell viability equal to 85±6.2% at the concentration of 130µg mL-1. The results suggested that SA has potential anthelmintic effect; although, more research is needed to confirm its activity in vivo.

Avaliou-se o efeito da suplementação alimentar nos níveis, 0; 0,4; 0,8 e 1,2% do peso corporal (PC), sobre as características quantitativas da carcaça e composição tecidual do pernil de caprinos mestiços terminados em pastagem de caatinga. Utilizaram-se 32 caprinos machos castrados, mestiços da raça Anglonubiana, com oito meses de idade e peso corporal de 18±2,5kg, distribuídos em delineamento de blocos casualizados, que foram mantidos em área de 37 hectares de pastagem de caatinga das 7h às 16h. O peso corporal sem jejum, peso corporal final, peso de carcaça quente e fria, peso de corpo vazio, rendimentos de carcaça quente e fria foram influenciados (P<0,05) pelos níveis de suplementação alimentar, com acréscimos lineares de, 3,50; 2,59; 1,69; 1,76; 3,39kg; 2,42 e 2,44%, respectivamente. Os pesos dos cortes comerciais foram influenciados (P<0,05) pelos níveis de suplementação alimentar, a exceção do peso do pescoço. O rendimento dos cortes não foi influenciado (P>0,05%) pela suplementação, com médias, 10,17; 21,19; 16,23; 11,02; 7,30 e 34,08%, para o pescoço, paleta, costilhar, serrote, lombo e pernil, respectivamente. A composição tecidual em peso absoluto do pernil foi influenciada (P<0,05) pela suplementação alimentar, com incremento de 293,59; 212,04; 28,29 e 53,82g, por unidade percentual do nível de suplementação, para o pernil inteiro, músculo total, gordura total e osso, respectivamente. A suplementação alimentar eleva os parâmetros quantitativos da carcaça, associado a incrementos no tecido muscular, gordura total e ossos do pernil, recomendando-se emprego de 1,2 %PC, com vistas a melhor acabamento para comercialização.

It was evaluated the effect of supplementation feeding levels (0; 0.4; 0.8; and 1.2% of body weight BW) on carcass aspects and leg tissue composition of crossbred goats finish on caatinga pasture. Were used 32 goats crossbred Anglonubiana, with eight months of age and 18±2.5 kilogram of BW, organized in randomized blocks, which were kept in 37 hectares of caatinga pasture, where they remained from 07h to 16h. Fasted live weigh, finish body weight, hot and cold carcass weight, empty body weight, hot and cold carcass yields, were influenced (P<.05) by supplementation feeding, raise of 3.50; 2.59; 1.69; 1.76; 3.39 kilogram, and 2.43; 2.44%, respectively. Retail cuts weight were influenced (P<.05) by supplementation, except neck weight. The cuts yield was not affected (P>.05) by supplementation with means, 10.17; 21.19; 16.23; 11.02; 7.30 and 34.08%, for neck, shoulder, ribs, brisket, loin and leg, respectively. Absolute weight of leg tissue composition was influenced (P<.05) by supplementation, with increase of, 293.59, 212.04, 28.29 and 53.82g, per unit percentage of supplementation, for total leg, total muscle, total fat and bone, respectively. Supplementation feeding increase carcass aspects, associated with increases in leg muscle tissue, fat and bones, recommending use of 1.2% of BW, to better finish for sale.