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ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: We aimed to describe the clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) among healthcare workers (HCWs) in Curitiba, Brazil. METHODS: Upper respiratory samples from 1077 HCWs were tested for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction from June 16, 2020 to December 9, 2020. RESULTS: Overall, 32.7% of HCWs were infected. The positivity rates in symptomatic and asymptomatic HCWs were 39.2% and 15.9%, respectively. Hospital departments categorized as high-risk for exposure had the highest number of infected HCWs. CONCLUSIONS: Early diagnosis and isolation of infected HCWs remain key in controlling SARS-CoV-2 transmission because HCWs in close contact with COVID-19 patients are more likely to be infected than those who are not.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0037-8682-0265-2021

HIV, syphilis, hepatitis B and C in key populations: results of a 10-year cross-sectional study, Southern Brazil
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Silva, Breno Gonçalves da

; Ferreira, Laura Holtman

; Ribeiro, Clea Elisa Lopes

; Raboni, Sonia Mara

einstein (São Paulo)

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2022, Volume 20 elocation eAO6934

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Objective: Although the development of prevention and treatment strategies for sexually transmitted infections in key groups has improved over the years, they still remain a challenge for health systems worldwide. In this context, the objective of this study is to assess the seroprevalence in the tested population, with an emphasis on key populations, aiming at identifying the participants’ profile and consequently the development of testing strategies. Methods: The present study analyzed the seroprevalence of HIV, syphilis, and hepatitis B and C, and the epidemiological profiles of key and general populations tested at a reference public health facility for sexually transmitted infections testing and counseling in the city of Curitiba, Southern Brazil. A cross-sectional study was conducted to report data from 2010 to 2019. Results: A total of 9,086 samples were positive across all samples tested, and yielded 3,633 (5%) for HIV, 4,978 (10%) for syphilis, 340 (1%) for hepatitis C virus (HCV), and 135 (<1%) for hepatitis B virus (HBV). Overall, most of the participants were men (79 to 87%), and predominantly white. For HIV and syphilis, the predominant age groups were 21-30 years old (48 and 50%), HBV 21-40 years old (31%), and HCV 41-60 years old (25%). A high seroprevalence of HIV and syphilis was observed in the investigated key populations with a higher frequency in sex workers, men who have sex with men, and transgender. Conclusion: The progressive increase in syphilis cases emphasizes the need for effective interventions to enhance adherence to the use of condoms, and to expand diagnosis and treatment for these key populations.

https://doi.org/10.31744/einstein_journal/2022ao6934

Care management in coping with COVID-19 at a teaching hospital
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Bernardino, Elizabeth

; Nascimento, Jaqueline Dias do

; Raboni, Sonia Mara

; Sousa, Solange Meira de

Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem

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2021, Volume 74 Supl. 1 elocation e20200970

Resumo: Pt En Es | Texto: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

RESUMO Objetivo: relatar a experiência de implementação de estratégias de gestão do cuidado no enfrentamento à pandemia de COVID-19 em hospital de Ensino Método: trata-se de relato de experiência dos gestores que atuam no maior hospital público do Paraná, tendo como funções a Chefia de Divisão de Gestão do Cuidado, Chefia de Setor de Gestão das Linhas de Cuidado, Chefia da Unidade de Infectologia e equipe de apoio. Resultados: as estratégias de gestão do cuidado foram estruturadas a partir da dinâmica de atendimento, estrutura física, recursos humanos, segurança do profissional e do usuário. Considerações finais: a preparação para uma pandemia envolve medidas que incluem modificação de infraestrutura e processos, gerenciamento de funcionários e usuários, estratégias de prevenção de infecções e recomendações clínicas. Essas medidas são necessárias para otimizar a qualidade dos cuidados prestados aos usuários com COVID-19 e reduzir o risco de transmissão viral a outros usuários ou profissionais de saúde.

ABSTRACT Objective: to report the experience of implementing care management strategies in coping with the COVID-19 pandemic in a teaching hospital. Method: this is an experience report of the managers who work at the largest public hospital in Paraná with functions as Head of the Care Management Division, Head of the Care Lines Management Sector, Head of the Infectiology Unit and support team. Results: care management strategies were structured based on the service dynamics; physical structure; human Resources; professional and user safety. Final considerations: preparing for a pandemic involves measures that include modifying infrastructure and processes, managing employees and users, infection prevention strategies, and clinical recommendations. These measures are necessary to optimize the quality of care provided to users with COVID-19 and to reduce the risk of viral transmission to other users or health professionals.

RESUMEN Objetivo: reportar la experiencia de implementar estrategias de gestión de la atención en el afrontamiento de la pandemia de COVID-19 en un hospital docente Método: este es un reporte de experiencia de los gerentes que laboran en el hospital público más grande de Paraná, con el Jefe de División de Gestión Asistencial, Jefe del Sector Gestión de las Líneas de Atención, Jefe de la Unidad de Enfermedades Infecciosas y equipo de apoyo. Resultados: las estrategias de gestión del cuidado se estructuraron con base en la dinámica del cuidado, la estructura física, los recursos humanos, la seguridad del profesional y del usuario. Consideraciones finales: la preparación para una pandemia implica medidas que incluyen la modificación de la infraestructura y los procesos, la gestión de empleados y usuarios, estrategias de prevención de infecciones y recomendaciones clínicas. Estas medidas son necesarias para optimizar la calidad de la atención brindada a los usuarios con COVID-19 y para reducir el riesgo de transmisión viral a otros usuarios o profesionales de la salud.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2020-0970 337 downloads

Influenza Sentinel Surveillance and Severe Acute Respiratory Infection in a Reference Hospital in Southern Brazil
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Faggion, Heloisa Zimmerman

; Leotte, Jaqueline

; Trombetta, Hygor

; Pereira, Luciane Aparecida

; Lapinski, Bruna Amaral

; Nogueira, Meri Bordignon

; Vidal, Luine Rosele

; Almeida, Bernardo Machado

; Petterle, Ricardo Rasmussen

; Raboni, Sonia Mara

Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical

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2020, Volume 53 elocation e20170498

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract INTRODUCTION: We report the results of the active surveillance of influenza infections in hospitalized patients and the evaluation of the seasonality and correlation with temperature and rainfall data. METHODS: During the 2-year study period, 775 patients were tested for 15 respiratory viruses (RVs). RESULTS: Most of the 57% of (n=444) virus-positive samples were human rhinovirus and respiratory syncytial virus. However, 10.4% (n=46) were influenza virus (80% FluA; 20% FluB). Age and SARI were significantly associated with influenza. FluB circulation was higher is 2013. CONCLUSIONS: In the post-epidemic period, influenza remains an important cause of hospitalization in SARI patients.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0037-8682-0498-2017 1428 downloads

Standardization of Antigenemia and qPCR Cut-off Values in Whole Blood for the Detection of Cytomegalovirus Disease in HIV Patients
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Carstensen, Suzana

; Raboni, Sonia Mara

; França, João Cesar Beenke

; Teixeira, Francine

Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical

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2019, Volume 52 elocation e20180457

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract INTRODUCTION: We defined the cut-off values of the antigenemia and cytomegalovirus (CMV) DNA tests in HIV/AIDS patients to identify CMV disease. METHODS: A total of 97 samples from 68 patients with and without CMV disease were analyzed by viral DNA detection and antigenemia assay. RESULTS: Qualitative and quantitative results significantly differed between assays. The cut-off values for the antigenemia and qPCR assays were 1.5 positive cells/200,000 leukocytes and 3.715 log/mL, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Antigenemia and qPCR are suitable for monitoring CMV disease in HIV patients, however, the threshold values should be determined within the centers where the patients are monitored.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0037-8682-0457-2018 1064 downloads

Assessment of clinical and epidemiological characteristics of patients with and without sepsis in intensive care units of a tertiary hospital
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Morello, Luis Gustavo

; Dalla-Costa, Líbera Maria

; Fontana, Rafael Mialski

; Netto, Ana Cristina Schmidt de Oliveira

; Petterle, Ricardo Rasmussen

; Conte, Danieli

; Pereira, Luciane Aparecida

; Krieger, Marco Aurélio

; Raboni, Sonia Mara

einstein (São Paulo)

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2019, Volume 17 Nº 2 elocation eAO4476

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Objetivo Descrever as características clínicas e epidemiológicas de pacientes com sepse e sem sepse em unidades de cuidados intensivos de um hospital público. Métodos Estudo transversal realizado de maio de 2012 a abril de 2013. Os dados clínicos e laboratoriais de pacientes com sepse e sem sepse das unidades de terapia intensiva foram revisados a partir dos prontuários médicos. Resultados Avaliamos 466 pacientes, 58% homens, mediana de idade 40 anos; sendo 146 (31%) diagnosticados com sepse. A mortalidade global foi 20%, e significativamente maior para pacientes com sepse (39%). Os fatores associados à mortalidade em unidade de terapia intensiva foram a presença de sepse (OR: 6,1, IC95%: 3,7-10,5), idade (OR: 3,6, IC95%: 1,4-7,2) e tempo de internação (OR: 0,96, IC95%: 0,94-0,98). As infecções pulmonares (49%) e intra-abdominais (20%) foram os focos mais comumente identificados, e os estafilococos coagulase-negativa e bacilos entéricos Gram-negativos foram os patógenos isolados mais frequentes (66%). Conclusão Embora o impacto da sepse sobre a mortalidade esteja relacionado às características clínicas e epidemiológicas dos pacientes, uma avaliação crítica desses dados é importante, pois permitirá a implementação direta de políticas locais para gerenciar este grave problema de saúde pública.

ABSTRACT Objective To describe the clinical and epidemiological features of patients with and without sepsis at critical care units of a public hospital. Methods A cross-sectional study was carried out from May 2012 to April 2013. Clinical and laboratory data of patients with and without sepsis in the intensive care units were reviewed of medical records. Results We evaluated 466 patients, 58% were men, median age was 40 years, and 146 (31%) of them were diagnosed with sepsis. The overall mortality was 20% being significantly higher for patients with sepsis (39%). The factors associated with intensive care unit mortality were the presence of sepsis (OR: 6.1, 95%CI: 3.7-10.5), age (OR: 3.6, 95%CI: 1.4-7.2), and length of hospital stay (OR: 0.96, 95%CI: 0.94-0.98). Pulmonary (49%) and intra-abdominal (20%) infections were most commonly identified sites, and coagulase-negative staphylococci and enteric Gram negative bacilli the most frequent (66%) pathogens isolated. Conclusion Although the impact of sepsis on mortality is related to patients’ clinical and epidemiological characteristics, a critical evaluation of these data is important since they will allow the direct implementation of local policies for managing this serious public health problem.

https://doi.org/10.31744/einstein_journal/2019ao4476 2621 downloads

Human parechovirus: sepsis-like illness with pulmonary infection
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Vidal, Luíne Rosele Renaud

; Cavalli, Bárbara

; Almeida, Sérgio Monteiro de

; Raboni, Sônia Mara

; Nogueira, Meri Bordignon

Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases

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Dez 2017, Volume 21 Nº 6 Páginas 675 - 677

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjid.2017.06.004 709 downloads

Profile of HIV subtypes in HIV/HBV- and HIV/HCV-coinfected patients in Southern Brazil
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Avanzi, Valéria Miranda

; Vicente, Bianca Arão

; Beloto, Nayara Carvalho Polido

; Gomes-da-Silva, Monica Maria

; Ribeiro, Clea Elisa Lopes

; Tuon, Felipe Francisco

; Vidal, Luine Rosele Renaud

; Nogueira, Meri Bordignon

; Raboni, Sonia Mara

Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical

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Ago 2017, Volume 50 Nº 4 Páginas 470 - 477

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract INTRODUCTION: HIV and viral hepatitis infections are major causes of chronic disease worldwide and have some similarities with regard to routes of transmission, epidemiology, front barriers faced during access of treatment, and strategies for a global public health response. The objective was to describe the HIV-1 subtypes, viral tropism and single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of interleukin 28B (IL28B) from a case series of HIV/viral hepatitis coinfected patients from southern Brazil. METHODS: Clinical and epidemiological data were evaluated by a review of medical records. Periodic blood draws were taken to determine the viral and host characteristics. RESULTS: This study included 38 patients with HIV/HBV or HIV/HCV coinfection; the median age was 49 years. Thirty-seven (97.4%) were on antiretroviral therapy, 32 (84.2%) had an undetectable viral load, a median CD4+ T-cell count of 452 cells/mm3. HIV-1 subtyping showed 47.4 and 31.6% of patients with subtypes C and B, respectively. Analysis of viral co-receptor usage showed a predominance of the R5 variant (64.7%), with no significant difference between the subtypes. Twenty patients with HIV/HCV coinfection were eligible to receive HCV therapy with pegylated-interferon-alpha plus ribavirin, and 10/20 (50%) of them achieved sustained virological response. SNPs of IL28B were evaluated in 93.3% of patients with HIV/HCV coinfection, and 17 (60.7%) presented the CC genotype. CONCLUSIONS: In the present case series, a higher frequency of HIV subtype C was found in coinfected patients. However such findings need to be prospectively evaluated with the inclusion of data from regional multicenter analyses.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0037-8682-0450-2016 1405 downloads

Red blood cells in cerebrospinal fluid as possible inhibitory factor for enterovirus RT-PCR
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Almeida, Sérgio Monteiro de

; Raboni, Sônia Mara

; Nogueira, Meri Bordignon

; Vidal, Luine R. Renaud

Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria

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Out 2016, Volume 74 Nº 10 Páginas 810 - 815

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO A presença de hemoglobina em amostras de fluidos corporais é considerada um fator inibitório importante da reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR). O objetivo deste estudo era examinar a influencia de hemácias no líquido cefalorraquidiano (LCR) como um fator inibitório da RT-PCR para enterovirus (EV). Quatrocentos e quarenta amostras de LCR de pacientes com características de meningite viral foram avaliados para enterovirus por RT-PCR. RNA viral foi extraído com tampão de isotiocianato de guanidina e a detecção viral foi feita com nested PCR in-house. A positividade do EV RT-PCR no LCR foi maior nas amostras de LCR sem hemácias do que as amostras com hemácias: 13 (26%) e 36 (9,2%), respectivamente (p = 0,001). No grupo com resultados EV RT-PCR positivo, a media ± DP do número de hemácias no LCR foi 37 ± 183 cell/mm3 e no grupo com resultados negativos foi 580 ± 2.890 cell/mm3 (p = 0,007). O limite superior aceitável de hemácias no LCR para não inibir o resultado do PCR foi 108 cells/mm3. As amostras de LCR com resultados negativos para RT-PCR EV tem mais eritrócitos em comparação com amostras com resultados positivos.

ABSTRACT The presence of hemoglobin in samples are considered an important inhibitory factor for polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The aim of this study was to examine the influence of red blood cells (RBC)s in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) as an inhibitory factor to reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for enteroviruses (EV). Forty-four CSF samples from patients showing characteristics of viral meningitis were assessed for EV by RT-PCR. Viral RNA extracted with guanidine isothyocianate buffer and virus detection was performed by in-house nested PCR. Positivity for EV RT-PCR was higher in CSF samples without RBCs than in samples with RBCs: 13(26%) and 36(9.2%), p = 0.001. In the group with positive EV RT-PCR, the mean + SD CSF RBC was 37 ± 183 cell/mm3; the group with negative results had 580 + 2,890 cell/mm3 (p = 0.007). The acceptable upper limit for CSF RBCs that could not influence RT-PCR was 108 cells/mm3. CSF samples with negative results for EV RT-PCR have more erythrocytes.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0004-282X20160119 4352 downloads

10.

Interferon-gamma release assay versus tuberculin skin test for latent tuberculosis infection among HIV patients in Brazil
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Kussen, Gislene Maria Botão

; Dalla-Costa, Libera Maria

; Rossoni, Andrea

; Raboni, Sonia Mara

Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases

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Fev 2016, Volume 20 Nº 1 Páginas 69 - 75

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Setting Patients HIV+ attending in a reference clinic, Southern Brazil. Objective To compare the interferon-gamma-release assay (IGRA – QuantiFERON® TB Gold In-Tube) with the tuberculin skin test (TST – PPD-Rt 23) for latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) in patients with HIV. Design Cohort study. Patients were simultaneously submitted to the TST and blood collection for the IGRA. Results A total of 140 subjects were included. Nine (6.4%) were IGRA+/TST+, 12 (8.6%) were IGRA+/TST−, 4 (3%) were IGRA−/TST+, and 115 (82%) IGRA−/TST−. There was poor agreement between tests (kappa = 0.2), and no correlation between these results and CD4+ T lymphocyte counts. During follow-up, one patient with negative results on both tests died from sepsis, and another with discordant results (IGRA+/TST−) exhibited TST seroconversion. Compared to the TST, IGRA showed a sensitivity and specificity of 69% and 90%, respectively. The IGRA detected 8% more positive results than the TST. All patients were followed up for 2 years. Conclusion The higher accuracy of the IGRA would result in LTBI treatments being administered to patients who would have otherwise been overlooked, decreasing the number of active tuberculosis cases. The long-term survival of HIV carriers requires further evaluation.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjid.2015.10.007 1817 downloads

11.

Estimation of HIV incidence in two Brazilian municipalities, 2013
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Szwarcwald, Célia Landmann

; Ferreira Júnior, Orlando da Costa

; Brito, Ana Maria de

; Luhm, Karin Regina

; Ribeiro, Clea Elisa Lopes

; Silva, Ana Maria

; Cavalcanti, Ana Maria Salustiano

; Ito, Tomoko Sasazawa

; Raboni, Sonia Mara

; Souza Júnior, Paulo Roberto Borges de

; Pereira, Gerson Fernando Mendes

Revista de Saúde Pública

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2016, Volume 50 elocation 55

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO OBJETIVO Estimar a incidência de HIV em dois municípios brasileiros, Recife e Curitiba, no ano de 2013. MÉTODOS O método de estimação da incidência foi baseado em informações primárias, resultantes do ensaio laboratorial Lag-Avidity para detecção de infecções recentes do HIV, aplicado em uma amostra dos casos diagnosticados nas duas cidades em 2013. Para a estimação da incidência de HIV para a população total das cidades, as infecções recentes detectadas na pesquisa foram anualizadas e ponderadas pelo inverso da probabilidade de teste de HIV no ano de 2013 entre os casos infectados e não diagnosticados. Após a estimação da incidência de HIV para a população total, foram estimadas as taxas de incidência por sexo, faixa de idade e categoria de exposição. RESULTADOS Em Recife, foram diagnosticados 902 indivíduos de 13 anos e mais com infecção de HIV. Desses, 528 foram incluídos no estudo, e a proporção estimada de infecções recentes foi de 13,1%. Em Curitiba, foram diagnosticadas 1.013 pessoas de 13 anos e mais, 497 participaram do estudo, e a proporção de infecções recentes foi de 10,5%. Em Recife, a taxa de incidência estimada foi de 53,1 por 100 mil habitantes de 13 anos e mais, enquanto em Curitiba, de 41,1 por 100 mil, com razão do sexo masculino para o feminino de 3,5 e 2,4, respectivamente. Foram evidenciadas elevadas taxas de incidência de HIV entre homens que fazem sexo com homens, de 1,47% em Recife e 0,92% em Curitiba. CONCLUSÕES Os resultados obtidos nas duas cidades mostraram que o grupo dos homens que fazem sexo com homens está desproporcionalmente sujeito ao maior risco de novas infecções, e indicam que estratégias para controle da disseminação da epidemia nesse subgrupo populacional são essenciais e urgentes.

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To estimate HIV incidence in two Brazilian municipalities, Recife and Curitiba, in the year of 2013. METHODS The method for estimating incidence was based on primary information, resulting from the Lag-Avidity laboratory test for detection of recent HIV infections, applied in a sample of the cases diagnosed in the two cities in 2013. For the estimation of the HIV incidence for the total population of the cities, the recent infections detected in the research were annualized and weighted by the inverse of the probability of HIV testing in 2013 among the infected and not diagnosed cases. After estimating HIV incidence for the total population, the incidence rates were estimated by sex, age group, and exposure category. RESULTS In Recife, 902 individuals aged 13 years and older were diagnosed with HIV infection. From these, 528 were included in the study, and the estimated proportion of recent infections was 13.1%. In Curitiba, 1,013 people aged 13 years and older were diagnosed, 497 participated in the study, and the proportion of recent infections was 10.5%. In Recife, the estimated incidence rate was 53.1/100,000 inhabitants of 13 years and older, while in Curitiba, it was 41.1/100,000, with male-to-female ratio of 3.5 and 2.4, respectively. We observed high rates of HIV incidence among men who have sex with men, of 1.47% in Recife and 0.92% in Curitiba. CONCLUSIONS The results obtained in the two cities showed that the group of men who have sex with men are disproportionately subject to a greater risk of new infections, and indicate that strategies to control the spread of the epidemic in this population subgroup are essential and urgent.

https://doi.org/10.1590/S1518-8787.2016050006310 546 downloads

12.

Estimation of HIV incidence in two Brazilian municipalities, 2013
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Szwarcwald, Célia Landmann

; Ferreira Júnior, Orlando da Costa

; Brito, Ana Maria de

; Luhm, Karin Regina

; Ribeiro, Clea Elisa Lopes

; Silva, Ana Maria

; Cavalcanti, Ana Maria Salustiano

; Ito, Tomoko Sasazawa

; Raboni, Sonia Mara

; Souza Júnior, Paulo Roberto Borges de

; Pereira, Gerson Fernando Mendes

Revista de Saúde Pública

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2016, Volume 50 elocation 55

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.1590/S1518-8787.2016050006310 2890 downloads

13.

Human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis C virus/hepatitis B virus co-infection in Southern Brazil: clinical and epidemiological evaluation
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Raboni, Sonia Mara

; Tuon, Felipe Francisco

; Beloto, Nayara Carvalho Polido

; Demeneck, Henrique

; Oliveira, Andre

; Largura, Denis

; Sagrado, Andressa Gervasoni

; Lima, Bárbara Perdonsini

; Franzoni, João Paulo

; Pedroso, Maria Lucia

Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases

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Dez 2014, Volume 18 Nº 6 Páginas 664 - 668

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus and human immunodeficiency virus share a similar transmission pathway and are often diagnosed in the same patient. These patients tend to have a faster progression of hepatic fibrosis. This cross-sectional study describes the demographic features and clinical profile of human immunodeficiency virus/hepatitis co-infected patients in Parana, Southern Brazil. A total of 93 human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients attending a tertiary care academic hospital in Southern Brazil were included. Clinical, demographic and epidemiological data were evaluated. Hepatitis B virus and/or hepatitis C virus positive serology was found in 6.6% of patients. The anti-hepatitis C virus serum test was positive in 85% (79/93) of patients, and the infection was confirmed in 72% of the cases. Eighteen patients (19%) were human immunodeficiency virus/hepatitis B virus positive (detectable HBsAg). Among co-infected patients, there was a high frequency of drug use, and investigations for the detection of co-infection were conducted late. A low number of patients were eligible for treatment and, although the response to antiretroviral therapy was good, there was a very poor response to hepatitis therapy. Our preliminary findings indicate the need for protocols aimed at systematic investigation of hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients, thus allowing for early detection and treatment of co-infected patients.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjid.2014.05.011 1467 downloads

14.

Cerebrospinal fluid can be used for HIV genotyping when it fails in blood
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Rotta, Indianara

; Raboni, Sonia Mara

; Ribeiro, Cléa Elisa Lopes

; Riedel, Maristela

; Winhescki, Maria da Graça

; Smith, Davey M.

; Ellis, Ronald J.

; Almeida, Sérgio Monteiro de

Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria

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Jul 2014, Volume 72 Nº 7 Páginas 506 - 509

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

O plasma é a amostra clínica padrão utilizada para a genotipagem da região pol do HIV-1; entretanto, a genotipagem pode nem sempre ser bem sucedida, geralmente devido a baixas cargas virais ou à presença de inibidores da reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR). Objetivo: Descrever o sucesso da genotipagem do HIV-1 em duas amostras de líquido cefalorraquidiano (LCR) após a falha do mesmo método em amostras de plasma dos mesmos pacientes. Método: Dois pacientes HIV+ envolvidos em um estudo neurocognitivo foram avaliados após a falha da genotipagem do HIV-1 no plasma. A genotipagem foi realizada com o sistema comercial TRUGENE® HIV-1 Genotyping e o OpenGene® DNA Sequencing (Siemens Healthcare Diagnostics, Tarrytown, NY, USA). Resultados: A genotipagem no LCR foi realizada pelo mesmo método utilizado no plasma, sendo bem sucedida para ambos os pacientes. Conclusão: Este artigo demonstra que o LCR pode ser usado como uma amostra clínica alternativa para a genotipagem do HIV-1 quando esta falha no plasma.

Blood plasma specimens are the clinical standard for HIV-1 pol gene genotyping from viral populations; however, it is not always successful, often from low viral loads or the presence of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) inhibitors. Objective To describe the successful of HIV-1 genotyping in two samples of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), after genotype procedures failed from blood. Method Two HIV-infected patients enrolled in a neurocognitive research study were evaluated when standard HIV-1 genotyping failed from blood plasma samples. Genotyping was performed using the commercial system TRUGENE® HIV-1 Genotyping Kit and the OpenGene® DNA Sequencing System (Siemens Healthcare Diagnostics, Tarrytown, NY, USA). Results CSF genotyping was performed via the same commercial platform and was successful in both cases. Conclusion This report demonstrates that CSF could be used as an alternate clinical specimen for HIV-1 genotyping when it fails from blood.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0004-282X20140093 1669 downloads Citado 1 vez em SciELO

15.

Oral lesions frequency in HIV-positive patients at a tertiary hospital, Southern Brazil
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Peppes, Cristiane Pedroso

; Lemos, Ana Silvia Pavani

; Araujo, Renata Lins Fuente

; Portugal, Magda Eline Guerrart

; Buffon, Marilene da Cruz Magalhães

; Raboni, Sonia Mara

Brazilian Journal of Oral Sciences

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Set 2013, Volume 12 Nº 3 Páginas 216 - 222

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

AIM: To report the frequency of oral lesions in HIV-positive patients on Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART), comparing with a non-HIV infected control group, and to correlate the presence of lesions with demographic and clinical features of HIV-seropositive patients. METHODS: A quantitative case-control study was conducted by a dental professional, using a questionnaire, analysis of medical records of patients and clinical examinations. RESULTS: According to the results, oral lesions were found in 23% of HIV-positive patients versus 5% in controls. Candidiasis (29%) and periodontal changes (25%) were the most frequent oral lesions found in these patients. Gender and viral load values were statistically significant when HIV-positive patients with and without oral lesions were compared. CONCLUSIONS: The results showed a change in lesion pattern of HIV patients on HAART, highlighting a high frequency of these new lesions and reinforcing the need for periodic dental evaluation of HIV-positive patients.

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