Pesquisa | SciELO

Research to identify plant bioactive compounds led to the evolution of extraction methods. This study optimized ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) and microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) to extract the flavonoids of Croton grewioides Baill. species contributing to characterize the polar extract profile and understand the antioxidant potential of these plant constituents. The use of experimental design and statistical treatments enabled the determination of the ideal conditions for each technique. The extracts of five accessions of C. grewioides were obtained under the optimized extraction conditions and were analyzed using ultra high-resolution mass spectrometry (FT-Orbitrap MS) operating at negative ionization mode for flavonoids detection. The accurate experimental mass obtained to the main compounds was used to attribute the molecular formula. Chemical structures of the main compounds detected were proposed using structure data bases. Chemometric analysis were performed with two FT-Orbitrap MS spectra samples using the identified metabolites and, the antioxidant activity data, showing that for this species the MAE was most effective in extracting the antioxidant compounds. It was possible to propose the structures for forty compounds in the C. grewioides extracts, demonstrating the excellent performance of the FT-Orbitrap MS in providing information on the chemical profile of polar compounds in plant extracts. methods ultrasoundassisted ultrasound assisted UAE (UAE microwaveassisted microwave (MAE Baill constituents technique C highresolution high resolution FTOrbitrap FT Orbitrap detection formula bases

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20230004

Recent developments on the anti-Candida effect of amphotericin B combined with a second drug - a mini-review
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MORAES, DANIEL C. DE

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2023, Volume 95 Nº 1 elocation e20220033

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Invasive Candida infections threaten human health due to the increasing incidence of resistance to the currently available antifungal agents. Amphotericin B (AMB) is the gold standard therapy to treat these infections. Nevertheless, the use of such substance in the clinic is aggravated by its toxicity. Since AMB binds to membrane sterols, it forms pores on human plasma membranes, mainly in kidney cells, leading to nephrotoxicity. The combination of this drug to a second substance could allow for the use of smaller concentrations of AMB, consequently lowering the probability of adverse effects. This mini-review summarizes information regarding an array of substances that enhance AMB antifungal activity. It may be noticed that several of these compounds target plasma membrane. Interestingly, substances approved for human use also presented combinatory anti-Candida activity with AMB. These data reinforce the potential of associating AMB to another drug as a promising therapeutical alternative to treat Candida infections. Further studies, regarding mechanism of action, pharmacokinetics and toxicity parameters must be conducted to confirm the role of these substances as adjuvant agents in candidiasis therapy.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202320220033

Desenvolvimento de um purificador de ar com radiação UVC e filtro HEPA no contexto de COVID-19
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Zhang, Julio Min Fei

; Andrade, Alyssa El Chihimi de

; Machado, Felipe Augusto Moraes

; Ghilardi, Larissa Bornia

; Almeida, Barbara Medeiros

; Falararo, Beatriz Vilas Boas Pugliese

; Machado, Gustavo Alves

; Emygdio, Ana Paula Mendes

; Pereira, Guilherme Martins

; Magalhães, Daniel Varela

; Forner-Cordero, Arturo

; Vasconcellos, Pérola de Castro

Engenharia Sanitaria e Ambiental

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Nov 2022, Volume 27 Nº 6 Páginas 1113 - 1122

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO A transmissão de infecções respiratórias tem importante impacto na saúde humana, sobretudo no atual contexto da pandemia de COVID-19. Neste trabalho, discute-se um purificador de ar que utiliza radiação ultravioleta-C (UVC) e filtro high efficiency particulate air (HEPA) como mecanismos para descontaminar ambientes internos com baixa circulação de ar. Para avaliar os parâmetros físico-químicos do equipamento e sua ação microbicida, foram determinados a irradiância produzida pela lâmpada, a vazão na entrada e saída do dispositivo, as alterações na concentração de ozônio e o potencial de descontaminação do equipamento para Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli e Candida albicans. A dose total de radiação UVC que o ar recebe ao passar pelo equipamento foi de 801,4 μJ cm-2, o que representaria a inativação de até 80% de Sars-CoV-2 no ar. Além disso, a eficiência de filtração foi reduzida para cerca de 60% com a diminuição do tamanho da partícula para partículas com menos de 1 μm e manteve-se acima de 90% para MP2,5 e MP10. Nos testes microbiológicos, observou-se redução de 99,4, 99,9 e 99,5% para S. aureus, E. coli e C. albicans, respectivamente, em 11 minutos.

ABSTRACT The transmission of respiratory infections has an important role on human health, especially in the current context of the COVID-19 pandemic. In this work, we present the assessment of an air purifier that uses ultraviolet-C (UVC) radiation and a “High Efficiency Particulate Air” (HEPA) filter as mechanisms to decontaminate indoor environments with low air circulation. To assess the physicochemical and microbicidal characteristics of the equipment, the irradiance produced by the lamp, the flow rate at the entrance and exit of the device, possible changes in the ozone concentration and the equipment's decontamination potential for Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Candida albicans. The total dose of UVC radiation that the air receives when passing through the equipment was 801.4 μJ cm-2, which would represent an inactivation of up to 80% of SARS-CoV-2 in the air. Furthermore, the filtration efficiency dropped with smaller particle diameter, and reduced to around 60% for particles with less than 1 μm and remained above 90% for PM2.5 and PM10. In microbiological tests, there was a reduction of 99.4%, 99.9% and 99.5% for S aureus, E. coli and C. albicans, respectively, in 11 minutes.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1413-415220220114

Anti-Leishmania amazonensis activity of the marine sponge Dercitus (Stoeba) latex (Porifera) from São Pedro and São Paulo Archipelago, Pernambuco, Brazil
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BARRETO, ANNA L.S.

; ALONSO, ARIADNE N.

; MORAES, DANIEL C. DE

; CURVELO, JOSÉ A.R.

; MIRANDA, KILDARE

; PORTELA, MARISTELA B.

; FERREIRA-PEREIRA, ANTÔNIO

; SOUTO-PADRÓN, THAIS

; SOARES, ROSANGELA MARIA DE A.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2022, Volume 94 Nº 3 elocation e20211090

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract The search for new therapeutic strategies for leishmaniasis treatment is essential due to the side effects of available drugs and the increasing incidence of resistance to them. Marine sponges use chemical compounds as a defense mechanism, and several of them present interesting pharmacological properties. The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro activity of the aqueous extract of the marine sponge Dercitus (Stoeba) latex against Leishmania amazonensis. MIC and toxicity against mammal cells were evaluated through broth microdilution assays. Transmission electron microscopy analysis was performed to assess possible effects on L. amazonensis ultrastructure. Arginase and proteolytic activities were measured by spectrometric methodologies. The extract of Dercitus (Stoeba) latex displayed antileishmanial activity and moderate toxicity against peritonial macrophages. Ultrastructural changes were observed after the growth of L. amazonensis promastigotes in the presence of the extract at 150 µg.ml-1 (IC50), mainly on acidocalcysomes. The extract was able to inhibit the activity of arginase and serine proteases. This study shows that Dercitus (Stoeba) latex aqueous extract may be a novel potential source of protozoa protease inhibitors and drugs that are less toxic to be used in the treatment of L. amazonensis infections.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202220211090

COMVC-19: A Program to protect healthcare workers’ mental health during the COVID-19 Pandemic. What we have learned
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Fukuti, Pedro

; Uchôa, Caroline Louise Mesquita

; Mazzoco, Marina Flaborea

; Cruz, Isabella D'Andrea Garcia da

; Echegaray, Mariana V.F.

; Humes, Eduardo de Castro

; Silveira, Júlia Belizário

; Santi, Talita Di

; Miguel, Euripedes Constantino

; Corchs, Felipe

; Fatori, Daniel

; Campello, Guilherme

; Oliveira, Gabriel M. de

; Argolo, Felipe C.

; Ferreira, Felipe de M.

; Machado, Gustavo

; Argeu, Adriana

; Oliveira, Graça Maria Ramos de

; Serafim, Antônio de Pádua

; Siqueira, Luciana de Lima

; Rossi, Luciane de

; Rios, Izabel Cristina

; Oliveira, Talita Rodrigues de

; Antoniazzi, Leilane C. K.

; Gagliotti, Daniel Augusto Mori

; Abelama Neto, Emílio

; Oliveira Junior, Paulo Novais de

; Correia, Aline Villalobo

; Gonçalves, Luca Schilling

; Tortato, Liana Silva

; Busato, Wagner Machado Moraes

; Guimarães-Fernandes, Flávio

; Alves, Marcos

; Leite Netto, Oswaldo Ferreira

; Schoueri, Patrícia de Campos Lindenberg

; Roque, Márcio de Assis

; Merlin, Silvia Stahl

; Boer, Giovana Cardoso Machado

; Sallet, Paulo Clemente

; Malbergier, André

; Spedo, Mariana Abrahão

; Kamitsuji, Carla Satie

; Faria, Elizabeth de

; Moreira, Moacyr Vergara de Godoy

; Kaufman, Arthur

; Abdo, Carmita

; Scanavino, Marco de Tubino

; Lancman, Selma

; Tavares, Hermano

; Polanczyk, Guilherme

; Brunoni, André R.

; Forlenza, Orestes V.

; Barros-Filho, Tarcísio Eloy Pessoa de

Clinics

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2021, Volume 76 elocation e2631

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

OBJECTIVE: In 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic brought a work and stress overload to healthcare workers, increasing their vulnerability to mental health impairments. In response, the authors created the COMVC-19 program. The program offered preventive actions and mental health treatment for the 22,000 workers of The Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (HCFMUSP). This paper aims to describe its implementation and share what we have learned from this experience. METHODS: Workers were able to easily access the program through a 24/7 hotline. Additionally, a mobile phone app that screened for signs and symptoms of emotional distress and offered psychoeducation and/or referral to treatment was made available. Data from both these sources as well as any subsequent psychiatric evaluations were collected. RESULTS: The first 20 weeks of our project revealed that most participants were female, and part of the nursing staff working directly with COVID-19 patients. The most frequently reported symptoms were: anxiety, depression and sleep disturbances. The most common diagnoses were Adjustment, Anxiety, and Mood disorders. CONCLUSIONS: Implementing a mental health program in a multimodal intervention was feasible in a major quaternary public hospital. Our data also suggests that preventive actions should primarily be aimed at anxiety and depression symptoms, with a particular focus on the nursing staff.

https://doi.org/10.6061/clinics/2021/e2631

Casearia sylvestris essential oil and its fractions inhibit Candida albicans ABC transporters related to multidrug resistance (MDR)
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Domingos, Levy Tenorio Sousa

; Pereira, Flaviane Gomes

; Moraes, Daniel Clemente de

; Marquete, Ronaldo

; Rocha, Marco Eduardo do Nascimento

; Moreira, Davyson de Lima

; Mansur, Elisabeth

; Ferreira-Pereira, Antonio

Rodriguésia

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2021, Volume 72 elocation e00432020

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Os transportadores ABC constituem uma superfamília de proteínas transmembranares que atuam mediando a translocação de vários substratos através da membrana, utilizando a energia da hidrólise de ATP. Esse mecanismo de efluxo de substratos não relacionados (resistência a múltiplas drogas) tem sido associado a várias doenças e é um problema na eficácia da quimioterapia. Atualmente, aproximadamente 25% dos medicamentos prescritos no mundo são derivados de plantas. Casearia sylvestris é comumente encontrada nas Américas e diferentes partes desta planta são popularmente usadas para tratar várias doenças. Estudos anteriores também confirmaram as atividades biológicas de C. sylvestris, como propriedades antitumorais, anti-leishmania e antifúngica. Desta forma, a proposta deste trabalho foi demonstrar a fração 1-6 de C. sylvestris, o óleo essencial, foi capaz de reverter o fenótipo de resistência ao fluconazol no modelo de Saccharomyces cerevisiae mediado pela proteína heteróloga CaCdr2p de Candida albicans. O valor da CIM da fração 1-6 combinada com fluconazol no ensaio tipo tabuleiro de xadrez diminuiu aproximadamente 4 vezes, sugerindo um efeito sinérgico. Além disso, a fração 1-6 aumentou o acúmulo intracelular de rodamina 6G, de 17% para 49% na presença de glicose. Os dados indicam que a fração 1-6 de C. sylvestris é um potencial reversor do fenótipo de resistência ao fluconazol.

Abstract ABC transporters constitute a superfamily of transmembrane proteins that act mediating the translocation of several substrates across the membrane, using the energy of ATP hydrolysis. This mechanism of unrelated substrates efflux (multidrug resistance) has been associated with several diseases and it is a problem in chemotherapy efficacy. Nowadays, approximately 25% of the prescription drugs in the world are derived from plants. Casearia sylvestris is commonly found in the Americas and different parts of this plant are popularly used to treat several diseases. Previous studies have also confirmed the biological activities of C. sylvestris, such as anti-tumor, anti-leishmania, and antifungal properties. Then, the propose of this study was demonstrate that fraction 1-6 of C. sylvestris, essential oil, was able to reverse the fluconazole resistance phenotype in the Saccharomyces cerevisiae model mediated by the heterologous protein CaCdr2p from Candida albicans. The MIC value of fraction 1-6 combined with fluconazole in the checkerboard assay decreased approximately 4-fold, suggesting a synergistic effect. In addition, fraction 1-6 increased intracellular rhodamine 6G accumulation from 17% to 49% in the presence of glucose. Data indicate that C. sylvestris fraction 1-6 is a potential reverser of the fluconazole resistance phenotype.

https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860202172052 102 downloads

Talinumpaniculatum: a plant with antifungal potential mitigates fluconazole-induced oxidative damage-mediated growth inhibition of Candida albicans
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Cerdeira, Cláudio Daniel

; Silva, Jeferson J. da

; Netto, Manoel F. R.

; Boriollo, Marcelo F. G.

; Moraes, Gabriel O. I.

; Santos, Gérsika B.

; dos Reis, Luis F. C.

; Brigagão, Maísa R. P. L.

Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Químico - Farmacéuticas

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Ago 2020, Volume 49 Nº 2 Páginas 401 - 431

Resumo: Es En | Texto: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

RESUMEN Objetivos: este estudio investigó la bioactividad del extracto de hoja en bruto (EHB) y las fracciones hexano (HX) y acetato de etilo (AcOEt) de Talinum paniculatum solo y en asociación con fluconazol (FLC) contra cepas de referencia y aislados clínicos de Candida albicans resistente a FLC. Además, evaluó la capacidad antioxidante, la composición química de esta planta y los mecanismos subyacentes del efecto fungicida. Métodos: la actividad antifúngica se evaluó mediante microdilución en caldo para establecer las concentraciones inhibitorias mínimas (CIM) y microbicidas mínimas (CMM). Durante el tratamiento con FLC y productos vegetales se detectó la generación de especies reactivas de oxígeno (ERO) (radicales hidroxilo [HO●]) en células de C. albicans utilizando las sondas fluorescentes permeables a la membrana APF y HPF. El perfil de cromatografía líquida de alta resolución (CLAR), el análisis cuantitativo de compuestos antioxidantes y el ensayo DPPH fueron evaluados. Resultados: el EHB y las fracciones presentaron una excelente actividad antifúngica y selectividad contra las células de C. albicans, pero no tuvieron efectos sinérgicos con FLC. Los valores de CIM para EHB y sus fracciones contra la cepa referencia de C. albicans fueron del orden de: HX (31,25 μg ml-1) < AcOEt (62,5 μg ml-1) < EHB (500 μg ml-1), y contra C. albicans resistente a FLC: HX (125 μg ml-1)= AcOEt < EHB (500 µg ml-1). EHB y sus fracciones fueron más potentes antifúngicos que FLC contra los aislados clínicos. Además, estos productos vegetales tienen efectos fungicidas contra C. albicans resistentes a FLC, esto conirmó el potencial antifúngico. Por el contrario, durante la asociación se demostró que los productos vegetales causan un aumento en la CIM de FLC de 2 a 16 veces. La exposición a FLC aumentó los niveles de ERO (HO●) en las células de C. albicans. Los aumentos en las CIM de FLC se debieron a la acción de los antioxidantes presentes en EHB y sus fracciones para prevenir la inhibición del crecimiento mediada por ERO inducida por FLC en C. albicans. Conclusión: T. paniculatum puede ser una fuente de compuestos bioactivos con potencial antifúngico. Sin embargo, debido al uso común de su hoja comestible, se recomienda usarla con precaución durante la terapia con FLC (ya que puede disminuir la susceptibilidad a FLC).

SUMMARY Aims: This study investigated the bioactivity of the crude leaf extract (CLE) and fractions hexane (HX) and ethyl acetate (EtOAc) from Talinum paniculatum alone and in association with fluconazole (FLC) against reference strain and clinical isolates of FLC-resistant Candida albicans. Furthermore, the antioxidant capability, chemical composition of this plant, and the effect's underlying mechanisms were evaluated. Methods: The antifungal activity was evaluated using checkerboard assay to establish the minimum inhibitory (MIC) and minimum microbicidal concen trations (MMC). During FLC and plant products challenges, the reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation (hydroxyl radicals [HO●]) were detected in C. albicans cells using the membrane-permeable fluorescent probes APF and HPF. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) profile, quantitative analysis of antioxidant compounds, and free radical scavenging activity (DPPH assay) tests were performed. Results: The CLE and fractions presented outstanding antifungal activity and selectivity against C. albicans cells but had no synergistic effect’s with FLC. The MIC values for CLE and its fractions against C. albicans reference strain were in the order of HX (31.25 µg ml-1) < EtOAc (62.5 μg ml-1) < CLE (500 μg ml-1), and against FLC-resistant C. albicans HX (125 μg ml-1) = EtOAc < CLE (500 μg ml-1). CLE and its fractions had more potent antifungal activities than FLC against the clinical isolates. Moreover, fungicidal effect’s for these plant products were demonstrated against FLC-resistant C. albicans, which further conirmed an antifungal potential. Conversely, during association, plant products were shown to cause an increase in FLC MIC anywhere from 2- to 16-fold. FLC exposure led to an increase in the steady-state levels of ROS (HO●) in C. albicans cells. Next, we found that the increases in FLC MICs were owing to action of antioxidants containing-CLE and its fractions in preventing FLC-induced ROS-mediated growth inhibition of C. albicans. Conclusion: T. paniculatum can be a source of bioactive compounds with antifungal potential. However, because of the common use of its edible leaf, caution is advised during therapy with FLC (since it can decrease FLC susceptibility).

https://doi.org/10.15446/rcciquifa.v49n2.89704 347 downloads

Evaluation of the physical and antifungal effects of chlorhexidine diacetate incorporated into polymethyl methacrylate
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Maluf, Caroline Vieira

; Peroni, Luciana Vieira

; Menezes, Lívia Rodrigues

; Coutinho, Wagner

; Lourenço, Eduardo José Veras

; Telles, Daniel de Moraes

Journal of Applied Oral Science

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2020, Volume 28 elocation e20190039

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the physical properties and antifungal activities of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) acrylic resins after the incorporation of chlorhexidine diacetate salt (CDA). Methodology: First, acrylic resin specimens were fabricated with Vipi Cor® and DuraLay® resins with and without the incorporation of 0.5%, 1.0% or 2.0% CDA. The residual monomer and CDA release were measured at intervals ranging from 2 hours to 28 days using ultraviolet spectrometry combined with high-performance liquid chromatography. The antifungal activity against C. albicans was evaluated with the agar diffusion method. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was used to analyze the degree of resin conversion. Finally, the water sorption values of the resins were also measured. Results: The incorporated CDA concentration significantly changed the rate of CDA release (p<0.0001); however, the brand of the material appeared to have no significant influence on drug release. Subsequently, the inhibition zones were compared between the tested groups and within the same brand, and only the comparisons between the CDA 2% and CDA 1% groups and between the CDA 1% and CDA 0.5% groups failed to yield significant differences. Regarding the degrees of conversion, the differences were not significant and were lower only in the CDA 2% groups. Water sorption was significantly increased at the 1.0% and 2.0% concentrations. Conclusions: We concluded that the incorporation of CDA into PMMA-based resins enabled the inhibition of C. albicans growth rate, did not alter the degrees of conversion of the tested resins and did not change the release of residual monomers.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-7757-2019-0039 1280 downloads

Updated Cardiovascular Prevention Guideline of the Brazilian Society of Cardiology - 2019
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Précoma, Dalton Bertolim

; Oliveira, Gláucia Maria Moraes de

; Simão, Antonio Felipe

; Dutra, Oscar Pereira

; Coelho, Otávio Rizzi

; Izar, Maria Cristina de Oliveira

; Póvoa, Rui Manuel dos Santos

; Giuliano, Isabela de Carlos Back

; Alencar Filho, Aristóteles Comte de

; Machado, Carlos Alberto

; Scherr, Carlos

; Fonseca, Francisco Antonio Helfenstein

; Santos Filho, Raul Dias dos

; Carvalho, Tales de

; Avezum Jr., Álvaro

; Esporcatte, Roberto

; Nascimento, Bruno Ramos

; Brasil, David de Pádua

; Soares, Gabriel Porto

; Villela, Paolo Blanco

; Ferreira, Roberto Muniz

; Martins, Wolney de Andrade

; Sposito, Andrei C.

; Halpern, Bruno

; Saraiva, José Francisco Kerr

; Carvalho, Luiz Sergio Fernandes

; Tambascia, Marcos Antônio

; Coelho-Filho, Otávio Rizzi

; Bertolami, Adriana

; Correa Filho, Harry

; Xavier, Hermes Toros

; Faria-Neto, José Rocha

; Bertolami, Marcelo Chiara

; Giraldez, Viviane Zorzanelli Rocha

; Brandão, Andrea Araújo

; Feitosa, Audes Diógenes de Magalhães

; Amodeo, Celso

; Souza, Dilma do Socorro Moraes de

; Barbosa, Eduardo Costa Duarte

; Malachias, Marcus Vinícius Bolívar

; Souza, Weimar Kunz Sebba Barroso de

; Costa, Fernando Augusto Alves da

; Rivera, Ivan Romero

; Pellanda, Lucia Campos

; Silva, Maria Alayde Mendonça da

; Achutti, Aloyzio Cechella

; Langowiski, André Ribeiro

; Lantieri, Carla Janice Baister

; Scholz, Jaqueline Ribeiro

; Ismael, Silvia Maria Cury

; Ayoub, José Carlos Aidar

; Scala, Luiz César Nazário

; Neves, Mario Fritsch

; Jardim, Paulo Cesar Brandão Veiga

; Fuchs, Sandra Cristina Pereira Costa

; Jardim, Thiago de Souza Veiga

; Moriguchi, Emilio Hideyuki

; Schneider, Jamil Cherem

; Assad, Marcelo Heitor Vieira

; Kaiser, Sergio Emanuel

; Lottenberg, Ana Maria

; Magnoni, Carlos Daniel

; Miname, Marcio Hiroshi

; Lara, Roberta Soares

; Herdy, Artur Haddad

; Araújo, Cláudio Gil Soares de

; Milani, Mauricio

; Silva, Miguel Morita Fernandes da

; Stein, Ricardo

; Lucchese, Fernando Antonio

; Nobre, Fernando

; Griz, Hermilo Borba

; Magalhães, Lucélia Batista Neves Cunha

; Borba, Mario Henrique Elesbão de

; Pontes, Mauro Ricardo Nunes

; Mourilhe-Rocha, Ricardo

Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia

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Out 2019, Volume 113 Nº 4 Páginas 787 - 891

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.5935/abc.20190204 40841 downloads

10.

Application of LC-DAD Metabolic Fingerprinting in Combination with PCA for Evaluation of Seasonality and Extraction Method on the Chemical Composition of Accessions from Lippia alba (Mill) N. E. Brown and Biological Activities
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Jesus, Raphael A. de

; Prado, Vilma M. J.

; Pinto, Vanderson S.

; Silva, Valdenizia R.

; Santos, Luciano S.

; Nogueira, Paulo C. L.

; Navickiene, Sandro

; Pereira-Filho, Edenir R.

; Blank, Arie F.

; Bezerra, Daniel P.

; Soares, Milena B. P.

; Seidl, Claudia

; Cardoso, Carmen L.

; Moraes, Valéria R. S.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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Mai 2019, Volume 30 Nº 5 Páginas 978 - 987

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

The methodology developed in this study through the acquisition of fingerprint chromatograms by liquid chromatography-diode array detector (LC-DAD), aided by principal component analysis, made it possible to assess, in a rational way, the chemical differences between six accessions of Lippia alba and to verify the influence of the method of extraction, the seasonality and the individuality of each accession on chemical composition of its extracts. Among all extracts analyzed against cancer cell lines, eight of them showed to be more promising against a human leukemia cell line (HL-60), displaying cell growth inhibition percentage ranging between 40.0 and 52.0%. In the inhibitory activity assays against acetylcholinesterase enzyme, all extracts showed weak inhibitory effect, with highlight only for six of them, which displayed inhibition ranging between 27.0 and 32.0%.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20180244 666 downloads

11.

Bernard Lonergan and Alberto Guerreiro Ramos: dialogues between the existential subject and the parenthetical man
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Santos, Laís Silveira

; Serafim, Mauricio C.

; Pinheiro, Daniel Moraes

Organizações & Sociedade

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Mar 2019, Volume 26 Nº 88 Páginas 96 - 113

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Bernard Lonergan abordou, entre outros temas, a questão da ação humana e ética, considerando possível um caminho de autenticidade e realização moral que se dá num tipo de sujeito, que denominou de sujeito existencial. A partir dessa concepção, vimos uma possibilidade de diálogo com Alberto Guerreiro Ramos, que criou o conceito de homem parentético, definido como um ser racional por excelência, em sua dimensão substantiva. A concepção desse modelo de homem vai de encontro à visão das teorias administrativas que se baseiam na racionalidade instrumental. Embora Lonergan não tenha criado, explicitamente, uma teoria substantiva, sua concepção de ética e bem humano destaca aspectos que remetem à razão substantiva. Assim, este ensaio teórico objetivou identificar as possibilidades de aproximação entre o homem parentético e o sujeito existencial, a partir das perspectivas da ação humana e ética. Identificamos que os autores possuem uma compreensão semelhante de mundo e dos relacionamentos humanos, destacando-se a questão da consciência crítica do homem parentético e a consciência da responsabilidade do sujeito existencial.

Abstract Bernard Lonergan has addressed, among other topics, the issue of human and ethical action, considering the possibility of a path of authenticity and moral achievement that occurs in a specific type of subject, whom he has called the existential subject. Based on this concept, we considered the possibility of a dialogue with Alberto Guerreiro Ramos, who has created the concept of parenthetical man, defined as a being that is rational par excellence, in his substantive dimension. The conception of this model of man goes in an opposite direction of the management theories based on instrumental rationality. Although Lonergan has not explicitly created a substantive theory, his concept of ethics and human good highlights aspects that relate to the substantive rationality. Thus, this theoretical essay aims to identify the possible connection between the parenthetical man and the existential subject, based on the perspective of human action and ethics. We identified that the authors have a similar comprehension of the world and of human relations, especially regarding the critical consciousness of the parenthetical man and the awareness of responsibility of the existential subject.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1984-9260885 748 downloads

12.

Razão e Administração: revisitando alguns elementos fundamentais
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Santos, Laís Silveira

; Serafim, Mauricio C.

; Pinheiro, Daniel Moraes

; Ames, Maria Clara Figueiredo Dalla Costa

Cadernos EBAPE.BR

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Mar 2019, Volume 17 Nº 1 Páginas 37 - 48

Resumo: Pt En Es | Texto: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Resumo As ações e os processos administrativos parecem estar em um período pós-racional, no qual a racionalidade se tornou uma palavra mal compreendida, sendo a ação racional comumente associada ao cientificismo e à tecnocracia. Acreditamos que esse estereótipo pode ter um fundo de verdade, mas é, sobretudo, baseado em um mal-entendido fundamental que buscamos esclarecer. Assim, o objetivo deste ensaio teórico é revisitar o conceito de razão, base de toda ciência social, a partir da argumentação de que ela é una e indivisível, sendo denominada aqui razão lúcida. Após um resgate da concepção clássica de razão e sua transavaliação do período moderno, essa contextualização forneceu bases para responder a seguinte pergunta: “como formular uma razão da práxis apta a guiar a própria práxis pelos caminhos de um procedimento racional?”. Sugerimos que a resposta se encontra na razão lúcida, constituída pela unidade entre a prudência (phrónesis), pautada por uma lógica contextual e instrumental, e as intenções, baseadas na razão em seu sentido substantivo. É a partir desse conceito que podemos compreender a tensão experimentada nas organizações, inerente à vida da razão, por meio de uma atitude parentética. Concluímos que, assim como a razão enquanto característica humana é única, a discussão da racionalidade no contexto das organizações também deve ser pautada pela não separação literal entre duas ou mais racionalidades, mas reconhecendo a ação administrativa como racional, em seu sentido singular, com as múltiplas faculdades que a compõem.

Abstract Administrative actions and processes are seen as part of a post-rational era, in which rationality has become a misunderstood word, and rational action is commonly associated with scientism and technocracy. We assume that this stereotype may have a background of truth, but it is actually based on a fundamental misunderstanding that we attempt to clarify. Thus, the objective of this theoretical essay is to revisit the concept of reason, which is at the foundation of social science, based on the argument that ‘reason’ is one and indivisible, defined here as “lucid reason.” After discussing the classical conception of reason and its trans-valuation to the modern period, we provide the basis for elucidating the following question: how can someone formulate a reason of praxis, capable of guiding their praxis along an entire rational procedure? We suggest that the answer lies in the lucid reason, which consists of the unity between prudence (phrónesis), guided by a contextual and instrumental logic, and intentions, based on reason in its substantive sense. From this concept we can understand the tension experienced in organizations, inherent to the life of reason, through a parenthetic attitude. We conclude that reason as a human characteristic is unique, and likewise, the discussion of rationality in the context of organizations must also be guided by the non-literal separation between two or more rationalities, recognizing administrative action as rational, in its singular sense, with the multiple faculties that compose it.

Resumen Las acciones y procesos administrativos parecen estar en una era posracional, en la que la racionalidad se ha convertido en una palabra incomprendida y la acción racional se asocia comúnmente con el cientificismo y la tecnocracia. Suponemos que este estereotipo puede tener un trasfondo de verdad, pero, sobre todo, se basa en un malentendido primario que intentamos aclarar. Por lo tanto, el objetivo de este ensayo teórico es reconsiderar el concepto de razón -base de todas las ciencias sociales- desde el argumento de que esta es una e indivisible, llamada aquí “razón lúcida”. Después de discutir la concepción clásica de la razón y su transvaluación del período moderno, brindamos la base para dilucidar la siguiente pregunta: ¿Cómo formular una razón de la praxis, capaz de guiar la propia praxis a lo largo de un procedimiento racional? Sugerimos que la respuesta está en la razón lúcida, que consiste en el vínculo entre la prudencia (phrónesis), guiada por una lógica contextual e instrumental, y las intenciones, basadas en la razón en su sentido sustantivo. Es a partir de este concepto que podemos entender la tensión experimentada en las organizaciones, inherente a la vida de la razón, a través de una actitud parentética. Concluimos que, así como la razón como característica humana es única, la discusión de la racionalidad en el contexto de las organizaciones también debe guiarse por la separación no literal entre dos o más racionalidades, pero reconociendo la acción administrativa como racional, en su sentido singular con las múltiples facultades que la componen.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1679-395169791 1663 downloads

13.

Size and shape-controlled nanomaterials based on modified polyol and thermal decomposition approaches. A brief review.
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VARANDA, LAUDEMIR C.

; SOUZA, CAIO G.S.

; MORAES, DANIEL A.

; NEVES, HERBERT R.

; SOUZA JUNIOR, JOÃO B.

; SILVA, MONICA F.

; BINI, RAFAEL A.

; ALBERS, REBECCA F.

; SILVA, TIAGO L.

; BECK JUNIOR, WATSON

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2019, Volume 91 Nº 4 elocation e20181180

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract: Since its inception in 2007, the Colloidal Materials Group, one of the research groups in nanotechnology of the Institute of Chemistry of São Carlos (IQSC) at University of São Paulo (USP) carries out studies related to the development of syntheses methods of nanoparticles and multifunctional nanostructured systems. Our works search new synthesis methodologies that allow high size and shape control of the individual nanoparticles or that compose the nanostructured systems and has as a principle the synthetic approaches based on the modified polyol and thermal decomposition processes. Systems involving nanoparticles have received extensive attention both in the fundamental research and in several technological applications exploring the unique properties presented in nanomaterials. These properties are strongly size- and shape-dependent of the nanoparticles and a large distribution of size or shape implies in a high response dispersion, justifying the intense research for the so-called nanoparticle monodisperse systems. In this review, we present the main aspects to obtain monodisperse nanoparticulate systems, correlating with the synthesis processes used in our group and some of our results in systems involving nanoparticles with magnetic, optical, and electronic properties, as well as some obtained composite materials for different applications.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765201920181180 4176 downloads

14.

Histatin 5 and human lactoferrin inhibit biofilm formation of a fluconazole resistant Candida albicans clinical isolate
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CURVELO, JOSÉ A.R.

; MORAES, DANIEL C. DE

; ANJOS, CAMILA A. DOS

; PORTELA, MARISTELA B.

; SOARES, ROSANGELA M.A.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2019, Volume 91 Nº 1 elocation e20180045

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract:Candida albicans is the most important fungal pathogen that causes infections in humans. Biofilms are hard-to-treat structures due to their high antifungal resistance. Saliva is a fluid that contains antimicrobial substances acting as the first-line of defense against pathogens, and its immune components may be potential tools for the discovery of new treatments against candidiasis. To evaluate the activity of histatin 5 and human lactoferrin against biofilm formation. A fluconazole-resistant Candida albicans clinical isolate was used as the model microorganism. Morphogenesis was evaluated by differential counting. Biofilm quantification was performed by XTT reduction assay. Thickness and topography of biofilms were assessed through confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). Histatin 5 inhibited yeast-to-hyphae transition in a dose-dependent manner, while the effect of human lactoferrin on this process was inversely proportional to its concentration. Both compounds were able to significantly inhibit biofilm metabolic activity. Histatin 5 reduced biofilm thickness. Histatin 5 and human lactoferrin exhibited in vitro cytotoxicity against a fluconazole-resistant Candida albicans biofilm, which points to the potential application of these compounds in the treatment of biofilms formed by this fungus, especially in resistant infections.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765201920180045 1803 downloads

15.

Candida albicans Clinical Isolates from a Southwest Brazilian Tertiary Hospital Exhibit MFS-mediated Azole Resistance Profile
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PINTO, ANA CAROLINA C.

; ROCHA, DEBORA A.S.

; MORAES, DANIEL C. DE

; JUNQUEIRA, MARIA L.

; FERREIRA-PEREIRA, ANTONIO

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2019, Volume 91 Nº 3 elocation e20180654

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract: Candida albicans is the most frequent fungal species that causes infections in humans. Fluconazole is the main antifungal used to treat Candida infections, and its prolonged and indiscriminate use for the last decades are the most established causes which originated resistant strains. Fungal drug resistance is associated to alterations in ERG11 gene and overexpression of multidrug resistance (MDR) transporters belonging to two families: ATP-binding cassette (ABC) and Major Facilitator Superfamily (MFS). To evaluate the role of MFS transporters in azoles resistance of C. albicans clinical strains, this study aimed to analyze four Candida albicans clinical isolates from the University Hospital in Juiz de Fora (Minas Gerais/Brazil), selected in our previous study as they were unaffected by FK506, an ABC pumps inhibitor. In a primary investigation on MFS proteins overexpression, the extrusion of fluorescent substrates (rhodamine 6G and nile red) was analyzed by fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry. Results suggest participation of MFS transporters in azole resistance of C. albicans isolates and indicate the existence of secondary resistance mechanisms. Therefore, this study contributes to the information about Candida albicans infections in Brazil and reinforces the importance of epidemiological studies focusing on an improved understanding of the disease and further resistance reversion.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765201920180654 1092 downloads

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