Resumen Los pacientes en estado crítico con COVID-19 sufren hiperglucemias sostenidas de difícil manejo. A esto se suma el desafío de minimizar la exposición al contagio. En el presente artículo analizamos la evolución metabólica de dos pacientes pediátricos con COVID-19 admitidos en unidad de cuidados intensivos (UCI) para pacientes COVID-19 del Hospital “Prof. Dr. Juan P. Garrahan” de la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina, que requirieron tratamiento con insulina endovenosa y cuya glucemia fue monitoreada de manera remota con la plataforma InsuMate® desarrollada en la Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Los pacientes requirieron tasas de infusión de insulina en dosis marcadamente mayores que las de otros pacientes críticos que impresionaron relacionadas con los valores de marcadores de inflamación. La infusión pudo ajustarse con cuatro monitoreos diarios de glucosa y las métricas obtenidas con el monitor de glucosa. El uso del sistema de monitoreo remoto continuo de glucosa permitió disminuir la frecuencia de monitoreo glucémico durante el tratamiento.

Abstract Critically ill patients with COVID-19 suffer from sustained hyperglycemia that is difficult to manage. Added to this is the challenge of minimizing exposure to contagion. In this article we analyze the metabolic evolution of two pediatric patients with COVID-19 admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) for COVID-19 patients at the Hospital “Prof. Dr. Juan P. Garrahan ”from the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires, Argentina, who required treatment with intravenous insulin and whose blood glucose was remotely monitored with the InsuMate® platform developed at the National University of La Plata. The patients required insulin infusion rates in doses markedly higher than those of other critically ill patients, who were impressively related to the values of inflammation markers. The infusion could be adjusted with four daily glucose monitors and the metrics obtained with the glucose monitor. The use of the continuous remote glucose monitoring system made it possible to decrease the frequency of glycemic monitoring during treatment.

Abstract Previous studies have investigated technology’s impact on international affairs, but few have analyzed the effect of artificial intelligence on the international system structure. This study integrates heterogeneous datasets and network science concepts with several power factors and artificial intelligence advances as a methodology to understand the evolution of the international system with a perspective around research, knowledge, innovation, and technology as an endogenous variable. Our findings indicate that the international fitness variable could be considered as a mechanism to interpret the system dynamics, especially when artificial intelligence interacts with different topics of the system. Overall, we provide quantitative evidence of the evolution of artificial intelligence innovations and technological power to identify system structure changes, both in central and peripheral countries.

Abstract Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a neurodegenerative disease whose clinical deterioration is observed at a physical, cognitive, and socio-emotional level, affecting the quality of life of the patient. Several scientific studies show early cognitive alterations in MS and profiles of different cognitive affectation according to the clinical form of the disease. Objective: The objective of the study was to analyze the existence of significant differences between relapsing remitting MS (RRMS) and primary progressive MS (PPMS) in neuropsychological processes such as attention, memory, language, visuoperception, executive function, and processing speed. Methods: The sample consisted of 20 patients with MS with chronological ages between 20 and 50 years of both sexes belonging to the Psique de Medellín Foundation, who were administered the paced auditory serial addition test and the digit-symbol test to assess attention, the complex figure of Rey to evaluate memory, the Boston test, and verbal fluency to assess language, complex figure of Rey copy for visuoperception, Wisconsin to assess executive function, and trail making test to measure processing speed. A descriptive, inferential, and transversal design was used. Results: There are no significant differences between the scores of patients with RRMS and PPMS in any assessed neuropsychological process. Conclusion: Knowing the neuropsychological profile of MS in early stages can be useful as an indicator of prognosis and to suggest therapeutic and follow-up strategies in patients with RRMS and PPMS.

Resumen Antecedentes: La esclerosis múltiple (EM) es una enfermedad neurodegenerativa cuyo deterioro clínico se observa en los planos físico, cognitivo y socioemocional, incidiendo en la calidad de vida del paciente. Diversos estudios científicos muestran alteraciones cognitivas tempranas en la EM y perfiles de afectación cognitiva distintos, según sea la forma clínica de la enfermedad. Objetivo: Analizar la existencia de diferencias significativas entre la EM remitente recurrente y la EM progresiva primaria en procesos neuropsicológicos, como atención, memoria, lenguaje, visopercepción, función ejecutiva y velocidad de procesamiento. Métodos: La muestra se integró con 20 pacientes con esclerosis múltiple y edades cronológicas de 20 a 50 años de ambos sexos pertenecientes a la Fundación Psique de Medellín, sometidos a la administración del PASAT y la prueba dígito-símbolo para valorar la atención, la Figura Compleja de Rey para evaluar la memoria, la prueba de Boston y Fluidez Verbal para valorar el lenguaje, la Figura Compleja de Rey (copia para visopercepción), la prueba de Wisconsin para valorar la función ejecutiva y el Trail Making Test para medir la velocidad de procesamiento. Se utilizó un diseño descriptivo, inferencial y transversal. Resultados: No existen diferencias significativas entre las puntuaciones de pacientes con esclerosis múltiple remitente recurrente y esclerosis múltiple progresiva primaria en ningún proceso neuropsicológico valorado. Conclusiones: Puede ser de utilidad conocer el perfil neuropsicológico de la EM en fases tempranas como indicador de pronóstico y para sugerir formas terapéuticas y de seguimiento en pacientes con esclerosis múltiple remitente recurrente y esclerosis múltiple progresiva primaria.