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Monitoreo de fauna pelágica de los Montes submarinos del Pacífico colombiano usando BRUVS
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Ladino Archila, Felipe

; Cardeñosa, Diego

; Bessudo, Sandra

; Cuellar, Andrés

; Muriel, Felipe

; Carvajal, John

; Amariles, Diego

; Duarte, Alejandra

Biota colombiana

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Jun 2023, Volume 24 Nº 1 elocation e1103

Resumo: Es En | Texto: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen En diciembre de 2021 se desarrolló la primera expedición a los montes submarinos de las dorsales de Malpelo y de Yuruparí. En total se exploraron ocho montes submarinos por medio de BRUVS (Baited Remote Underwater Video Systems). Se desplegaron 48 BRUVS, registrando cinco especies pelágicas (Sphyrna lewini, Mobula birostris, Pteroplatytrygon violácea, Kajikia audax y Istiophorus platypterus), donde Pteroplatytrygon violácea constituyó un nuevo registro para la región. En todas las zonas se registraron especies pelágicas, aunque los tiburones se asociaron exclusivamente a los montes al oeste de las dorsales, en especial al monte conocido como Bajo Navegador, el más somero de la región. Este trabajo es un primer paso para orientar las siguientes exploraciones de estos ecosistemas.

Abstract In December 2021, we conducted the first expedition to the seamounts of the Malpelo and Yuruparí ridges. Eight seamounts were explored using Baited Remote Underwater Video Systems (BRUVS). A total of 48 BRUVS were deployed, registering five pelagic species (Sphyrna lewini, Mobula birostris, Pteroplatytrygon violacea, Kajikia audax and Istiophorus platypterus) where Pteroplatytrygon violacea constituted a new record for the region. Pelagic species were recorded in all seamounts, although sharks were exclusively associated with the seamounts to the west of the ridges, especially in the area known as Bajo Navegador, the shallowest seamount in the region. This work is a first step to guide the following explorations of these ecosystems.

https://doi.org/10.21068/2539200x.1103

Analysis of the Physiological and Yield Performance of Six Quinoa Cultivars in Colombia Under Controlled Conditions
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García-Parra, Miguel

; Roa-Acosta, Diego

; Colmenares-Cruz, Andrés

; Stechauner-Rohringer, Roman

; Ramirez, Jorge Andrés

; Cuellar-Rodríguez, Luz Angela

; Soler-Fonseca, Diana

Ciencia y Tecnología Agropecuaria

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Dez 2022, Volume 23 Nº 3 elocation e2512

Resumo: Es En | Texto: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen La gran diversidad de la quinua permite variaciones en el desempeño fisiológico, productivo y composicional. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar seis cultivares de quinua a través de las respuestas fisiológicas y nutricionales de sus semillas. Se identificaron diferentes dinámicas en la altura de las plantas y en el número de hojas que se ajustaron a un modelo sigmoidal con R2 mayor a 0,97 y 0,77, respectivamente. La concentración de clorofila varió a través de las fases fenológicas, al igual que el rendimiento cuántico máximo del fotosistema II. Se encontraron diferencias en los granos de quinua entre las coordenadas colorimétricas del CIEL*a*b* y el contenido de proteínas, carbohidratos y grasas. En este sentido, se determinó que los cultivares de quinua manifiestan diferentes comportamientos biológicos asociados a su carácter genético. Además, se reconoció una relación entre cultivares y la composición de semillas. Estos resultados permitirán a los investigadores estudiar la diferencia significativa entre la precocidad expresada por los cultivares Puno, Nariño y Titicaca y aquellos con un ciclo fenológico más largo como el cultivar Soracá.

Abstract The great diversity of quinoa allows variations in physiological, production, and compositional performance. This study aimed to evaluate six quinoa cultivars through the physiological and nutritional responses of their seeds. Different dynamics were identified in the plant height, and the number of leaves was adjusted to sigmoidal models with R2 greater than 0.97 and 0.77, respectively. The chlorophyll concentration varied through the phenological phases, as did the maximum quantum yield of photosystem II. Differences in the quinoa grains were found between CIEL*a*b* colorimetric coordinates and protein, carbohydrate, and fat contents. In this sense, quinoa cultivars manifest different biological behaviors associated with their genetic nature. Besides, a relationship between cultivars and seed composition was recognized. These results will allow researchers to study other significant differences between the precocity expressed by the Puno, Nariño, and Titicaca cultivars and those with a longer phenological cycle such as the Soracá cultivar.

https://doi.org/10.21930/rcta.vol23_num3_art:2512

Guía de práctica clínica mexicana para el diagnóstico y tratamiento de las dislipidemias y enfermedad cardiovascular aterosclerótica
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Pavía-López, Abel A.

; Alcocer-Gamba, Marco A.

; Ruiz-Gastelum, Edith D.

; Mayorga-Butrón, José L.

; Mehta, Roopa

; Díaz-Aragón, Filiberto A.

; Aldrete-Velasco, Jorge A.

; López-Juárez, Nitzia

; Cruz-Bautista, Ivette

; Chávez-Mendoza, Adolfo

; Secchi-Nicolás, Nikos C.

; Guerrero-Martínez, Francisco J.

; Cossio-Aranda, Jorge E.

; Mendoza-Zubieta, Victoria

; Fanghänel-Salmon, Guillermo

; Valdivia-Proa, Martha

; Olmos-Domínguez, Luis

; Aguilar-Salinas, Carlos A.

; Dávila-Maldonado, Luis

; Vázquez-Rangel, Armando

; Pavia-Aubry, Vanina

; Nava-Hernández, María de los A.

; Hinojosa-Becerril, Carlos A.

; Anda-Garay, Juan C.

; Ríos-Ibarra, Manuel O. de los

; Berni-Betancourt, Ana C.

; López-Cuellar, Julio

; Araiza-Garaygordobil, Diego

; Rivera-Reyes, Romina

; Borrayo-Sánchez, Gabriela

; Tapia-Hernández, Mónica

; Cano-Nigenda, Claudia V.

; Guerra-López, Arturo

; Elías-López, Josué

; Figueroa-Morales, Marco A.

; Montaño-Velázquez, Bertha B.

; Velasco-Hidalgo, Liliana

; Rodríguez-Lozano, Ana L.

; Pimentel-Hernández, Claudia

; Baquero-Hoyos, María M.

; Romero-Moreno, Felipe

; Rodríguez-Vega, Mario

Archivos de cardiología de México

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2022, Volume 92 Supl. 1 Páginas 1 - 62

Resumo: Es En | Texto: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

resumen está disponible en el texto completo

Abstract Background: Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of mortality worldwide and Mexico is no exception. The epidemiological data obtained in 1990 showed that cardiovascular diseases represented 19.8% of all causes of death in our country. This figure increased significantly to 25.5% for 2015. Some national surveys suggest that more than 60% of the adult population has at least one risk factor for cardiovascular disease (obesity or overweight, hypertension, smoking, diabetes, dyslipidemias). On the other hand, data from the Pan American Health Organization have linked the process of atherosclerosis as the first cause of premature death, significantly reducing life expectancy, which has enormous social repercussions. Objective: This document constitutes the Clinical Practice Guide (CPG) prepared at the initiative of the Mexican Society of Cardiology in collaboration with the Mexican Society of Nutrition and Endocrinology, AC, National Association of Cardiologists of Mexico, AC, Mexican Association for the Prevention of Atherosclerosis and its Complications, AC, National Normative Committee of General Medicine, AC, National College of Geriatric Medicine, AC, College of Internal Medicine of Mexico, AC, Mexican Society of Angiology and Vascular and Endovenous Surgery, AC, Mexican Institute of Research Nephrological, AC and the Mexican Academy of Neurology, A.C.; with the methodological support of the Ibero-American Agency for the Development and Evaluation of Health Technologies, in order to establish recommendations based on the best available evidence and agreed upon by an interdisciplinary group of experts. The objective of this document is to provide evidence-based recommendations to help decision makers in the diagnosis and treatment of dyslipidemias in our country. Material and methods: This document complies with international quality standards, such as those described by the Institute of Medicine of the USA, the Institute of Clinical Excellence of Great Britain, the Scottish Intercollegiate Guideline Network and the Guidelines International Network. A multidisciplinary group of clinical experts and methodologists with experience in systematic reviews of the literature and the development of clinical practice guidelines was formed. A scope document was agreed upon, relevant clinical questions were established, the best available evidence critically evaluated in systematic literature reviews was exhaustively identified, and clinical recommendations were developed. The modified Delphi Panel methodology was used to achieve an adequate level of consensus in each of the recommendations contained in this CPG. Results: 23 clinical questions were agreed upon which gave rise to their respective clinical recommendations. Conclusions: We consider that this document contributes to better clinical decision-making and becomes a point of reference for clinicians and patients in the management of dyslipidemias and this contributes to reducing the morbidity and mortality derived from atherosclerotic cardiovascular events in our country.

https://doi.org/10.24875/acm.m22000081 1458 downloads

Concentraciones de 25 hidroxi vitamina D séricas y en lavado bronco-alveolar en pacientes con tuberculosis pulmonar
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Ramírez-Ramos, Cristhian Felipe

; Salamanca-Montilla, Jhon Fredy

; Herrera-Céspedes, Emilio

; Rivera-Marín, Juan Diego

; Losada-Vanegas, Paula Ximena

; Areiza-Paramo, Juan David

; Gutiérrez-Ramírez, David Ricardo

; Becerra-Meneces, Nicolás

; Méndez Díaz, Jorge Luis

; Cuellar Azuero, María Isabel

; Pinzón-Tovar, Alejandro

; Lastra-Lastra, Guido

; Lastra-González, Giovani

Revista chilena de infectología

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Fev 2021, Volume 38 Nº 1 Páginas 37 - 44

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract Background: Alteration of vitamin D is a risk factor for tuberculosis (TB). Aim: To evaluate the pulmonary and serum levels of 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25OHD) in patients with and without pulmonary TB. Methods: Two-stage study: the first part was retrospective cross-sectional and the second prospective. Those > 18 years of age who underwent fiberoptic bronchoscopy for suspected pulmonary TB and in whom the infection was confirmed were included. Patients with another type of infection without TB and non-infectious diseases were taken as controls for the first stage and infectious controls without TB in the prospective phase. The measurement of 25OHD was performed by ELFA (enzyme-linked fluorescence assay). The Kruskal-Wallis test was used to evaluate association, considering a value of p < 0.05 to be significant. The data were processed with the SPSS version 23 program. Results: The total sample was 77 patients (35 in the first stage and 42 in the second). The characteristics between the groups were homogeneous. Serum (second phase) and broncho-alveolar lavage (first and second phase) levels of 25OHD were lower in TB patients compared to controls and were independent of serum calcium level (serum: 22.4 ng/mL vs 33 ng/mL, p = 0.006 and broncho-alveolar lavage: 9.7 ng/mL vs 12.2 ng/mL; p = 0.012). Conclusions: There was a significant difference between the levels of 25OHD in both serum and broncho-alveolar lavage in patients with pulmonary TB in relation to their controls.

Resumen Introducción: La alteración de la vitamina D es un factor de riesgo para enfermar de tuberculosis (TBC). Objetivo: Evaluar la concentración pulmonar y sérica del compuesto 25-hidroxi-vitamina D (25OHD) en pacientes con y sin TBC pulmonar. Metodología: Estudio de dos etapas: la primera parte fue de corte transversal, retrospectiva, y la segunda prospectiva. Se incluyeron > 18 años a los que se les realizó fibrobroncoscopia por sospecha de TBC pulmonar y en quienes se confirmó la infección. Se tomaron como controles a pacientes con otro tipo de infección no TBC, y enfermedades no infecciosas para la primera etapa y controles infecciosos sin TBC en la fase prospectiva. La medición de 25OHD se realizó mediante ELFA (ensayo de fluorescencia ligado a enzima). Se empleó la prueba de Kruskal-Wallis para evaluar asociación considerando significativo un valor de p < 0,05. Los datos se procesaron con el programa SPSS versión 23. Resultados: La muestra total fue de 77 pacientes (35 en la primera etapa y 42 en la segunda). Las características entre los grupos fueron homogéneas. Las concentraciones en suero (segunda fase) como en el lavado bronco-alveolar (primera y segunda fase) de 25OHD fueron más bajas en pacientes con TBC comparado con los controles e independientes de la concentración de calcio sérico (suero: 22,4 ng/mL vs 33 ng/mL, p = 0,006 y lavado bronco-alveolar: 9,7 ng/mL vs 12,2 ng/mL; p = 0,012). Conclusiones: Hubo una diferencia significativa entre las concentraciones de 25OHD, tanto en suero como en lavado bronco-alveolar, en pacientes con TBC pulmonar con relación a sus controles.

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Extractos de los documentos de posicionamientos y recomendaciones mexicanas en enfermedades cardiovasculares y COVID-19
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Alcocer-Gamba, Marco A.

; Gutiérrez-Fajardo, Pedro

; Cabrera-Rayo, Alfredo

; Sosa-Caballero, Alejandro

; Piña-Reyna, Yigal

; Merino-Rajme, José A.

; Heredia-Delgado, José A.

; Cruz-Alvarado, Jaime E.

; Galindo-Uribe, Jaime

; Rogel-Martínez, Ulises

; González-Hermosillo, Jesús A.

; Ávila-Vanzzini, Nydia

; Sánchez-Carranza, Jesús A.

; Jímenez-Orozco, Jorge H.

; Sahagún-Sánchez, Guillermo

; Fanghänel-Salmón, Guillermo

; Albores-Figueroa, Rosenberg

; Carrillo-Esper, Raúl

; Reyes-Terán, Gustavo

; Cossio-Aranda, Jorge E.

; Borrayo-Sánchez, Gabriela

; Ríos, Manuel Odín de los

; Berni-Betancourt, Ana C.

; Cortés-Lawrenz, Jorge

; Leiva-Pons, José L.

; Ortiz-Fernández, Patricio H.

; López-Cuellar, Julio

; Araiza-Garaygordobil, Diego

; Madrid-Miller, Alejandra

; Saturno-Chiu, Guillermo

; Beltrán-Nevárez, Octavio

; Enciso-Muñoz, José M.

; García-Rincón, Andrés

; Pérez-Soriano, Patricia

; Herrera-Gomar, Magali

; Lozoya del Rosal, José J.

; Fajardo-Juárez, Armando I.

; Olmos-Temois, Sergio G.

; Rodríguez-Reyes, Humberto

; Ortiz-Galván, Fernando

; Márquez-Murillo, Manlio F.

; Celaya-Cota, Manuel de J.

; Cigarroa-López, José A.

; Magaña-Serrano, José A.

; Álvarez-Sangabriel, Amada

; Ruíz-Ruíz, Vicente

; Chávez-Mendoza, Adolfo

; Méndez-Ortíz, Arturo

; León-González, Salvador

; Guízar-Sánchez, Carlos

; Izaguirre-Ávila, Raúl

; Grimaldo-Gómez, Flavio A.

; Preciado-Anaya, Andrés

; Ruiz-Gastélum, Edith

; Fernández-Barros, Carlos L.

; Gordillo, Antonio

; Alonso-Sánchez, Jesús

; Cerón-Enríquez, Norma

; Núñez-Urquiza, Juan P.

; Silva-Torres, Jesús

; Pacheco-Beltrán, Nancy

; García-Saldivia, Marianna A.

; Pérez-Gámez, Juan C.

; Lezama-Urtecho, Carlos

; López-Uribe, Carlos

; López-Mora, Gerardo E.

; Rivera-Reyes, Romina

Archivos de cardiología de México

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2020, Volume 90 Supl. 1 Páginas 100 - 110

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract The recommendations in which the Mexican Society of Cardiology (SMC) in conjunction with the National Association of Cardiologists of Mexico (ANCAM) as well as different Mexican medical associations linked to cardiology are presented, after a comprehensive and consensual review and analysis of the topics related to cardiovascular diseases in the COVID-19 pandemic. Scientific positions are analyzed and responsible recommendations on general measures are given to patients, with personal care, healthy eating, regular physical activity, actions in case of cardio-respiratory arrest, protection of the patient and health personnel as well as precise indications in the use of non-invasive cardiovascular imaging, prescription of medications, care in specific topics such as systemic arterial hypertension, heart failure, arrhythmias and acute coronary syndromes, in addition to emphasizing electrophysiology, interventionism, cardiac surgery and in cardiac rehabilitation. The main interest is to provide the medical community with a general orientation on what to do in daily practice and patients with cardiovascular diseases in the setting of this unprecedented epidemiological crisis of COVID-19.

Resumen Se presentan las recomendaciones en las cuales la Sociedad Mexicana de Cardiología (SMC) en conjunto con la Asociación Nacional de Cardiólogos de México (ANCAM), así como diferentes asociaciones médicas mexicanas vinculadas con la cardiología, después de una revisión y análisis exhaustivo y consensuado sobre los tópicos relacionados con las enfermedades cardiovasculares en la pandemia de COVID-19, se analizan posturas científicas y se dan recomendaciones responsables sobre medidas generales a los pacientes, con cuidados personales, alimentación saludable, actividad física regular, acciones en caso de paro cardiorrespiratorio, la protección del paciente y del personal de salud así como las indicaciones precisas en el uso de la imagen cardiovascular no invasiva, la prescripción de medicamentos, cuidados en tópicos específicos como en la hipertensión arterial sistémica, insuficiencia cardiaca, arritmias y síndromes coronarios agudos, además de hacer énfasis en los procedimientos de electrofisiología, intervencionismo, cirugía cardiaca y en la rehabilitación cardiaca. El interés principal es brindar a la comunidad médica una orientación general sobre el quehacer en la práctica cotidiana y pacientes con enfermedades cardiovasculares en el escenario esta crisis epidemiológica sin precedentes de COVID-19.

https://doi.org/10.24875/acm.m20000057 445 downloads

Treatment Strategies and Outcome of Parvovirus B19 Infection in Kidney Transplant Recipients: A Case Series and Literature Review of 128 Patients
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Rosado-Canto, Rodrigo

; Carrillo-Pérez, Diego L.

; Jiménez, José V.

; Cuellar-Rodríguez, Jennifer

; Parra-Avila, Idalia

; Alberú, Josefina

; Morales-Buenrostro, Luis E.

Revista de investigación clínica

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Ago 2019, Volume 71 Nº 4 Páginas 265 - 274

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Background There is no specific antiviral treatment for parvovirus B19 (PVB19) infection. Objective The objective of this study was to study the treatment and outcome of PVB19 infection in kidney transplant recipients (KTR) at our institution, and cases published in the medical literature. Methods We conducted a retrospective review of PVB19 infection in KTR at an academic medical center over a 16-year period and summarized the data on its treatment and outcome in 120 KTR in the medical literature. Results In our cohort of eight patients, the median time to the onset of PVB19 disease was 7.2 weeks after transplantation. All patients had severe aregenerative anemia (mean hemoglobin (Hb) of 6.2 ± 1.0 g/dl); all were treated with a reduction in their immunosuppressive regimen and the administration of single-dose intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) (mean total dosage of 0.87 ± 0.38 g/kg). The median time to anemia improvement (Hb >10 g/dl) was 3-week post-treatment. No recurrences were documented during follow-up (median 25 months). Among 128 patients (including our cohort of 8 and 120 reported in literature), therapeutic strategies included: 43% IVIG alone, 39% IVIG and reduced immunosuppression, 9% reduction of immunosuppression, and 9% conservative therapy. Clinical relapses were observed in 35% of 71 reported cases. Conclusions In KTR, decreasing immunosuppression and the administration of low-dose immunoglobulin seem to be not worse than the standard dose in PVB19 infection.

https://doi.org/10.24875/ric.19002921 85 downloads

Sensibilización ambiental con TIC: App “Ubica un primate”
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Buitrago-Valenzuela, Diana C.

; Ceballo-Ladino, Luiyer A.

; Ortiz-Moreno, Martha L.

; Asencio-Cuellar, Diego A.

ORINOQUIA

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Jun 2019, Volume 23 Nº 1 Páginas 63 - 72

Resumo: Es En Pt | Texto: Es En Pt | PDF: Es | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Resumen Las constantes amenazas y conflictos que afectan a los primates en ambientes urbanos ponen a sus poblaciones en declive. Esto se agrava por la falta de conocimiento de los habitantes sobre la fauna y la flora con la que coexisten. Con el objetivo de aumentar el conocimiento y sensibilizar a la población de Villavicencio sobre la importancia y distribución de primates en ecosistemas urbanos se desarrolló una aplicación móvil (app) gratuita. Inicialmente, se realizaron entrevistas semiestructuradas (n = 140) con residentes de cada zona (n = 28) de la ciudad de Villavicencio en la que se observaron primates, con el fin de generar un mapa de la distribución de primates diurnos. También se hizo la identificación de las especies presentes, siendo: Saimiri sciureus cassiquiarensis, Plecturocebus ornatus, Alouatta seniculus y Sapajus apella. Con los datos de distribución, conflictos y amenazas, se construyó una aplicación móvil en el sistema Android, donde tales datos están georreferenciados, con el fin de sensibilizar a la comunidad sobre las especies de primates presentes en la ciudad. La socialización de la app fue dirigida a las entidades gubernamentales y ONGs de la ciudad, obteniendo una evaluación positiva por el público. Trabajar con comunidades en proyectos de sensibilización ambiental que utilizan herramientas como las TICs tiene el potencial de transformar la dinámica sociocultural local, promoviendo una mayor preocupación con la biodiversidad y siendo una herramienta bien recibida por diferentes grupos de la población.

Abstract Constant threats and conflicts that affect primates in urban environments put their populations in decline. The situation is aggravated by the lack of knowledge of the community about the fauna and flora that they coexist with. Aiming to increase the knowledge and awareness of the people from Villavicencio on the importance and distribution of primates in urban ecosystems, a free mobile application (app) was developed. Initially, 140 semi-structured interviews were conducted with residents of each area of Villavicencio where primates were observed (n=28). As a result, a distribution map of diurnal primates was created. Identification of the present species was also made. The following species were found: Saimiri sciureus cassiquiarensis, Plecturocebus ornatus, Alouatta seniculus, and Sapajus apella. With distribution, conflicts and threats data, a mobile application was built in the Android system, georeferencing the information available, so the community could be sensitized about the primate species in the city. Socialization of the application was addressed to governmental entities and NGOs of the city, obtaining a positive evaluation by the public. Working with communities on environmental awareness projects that use tools such as ICTs has the potential to transform local socio-cultural dynamics, to promote greater concern about biodiversity, and it is a well-received tool by different groups of people.

Resumo As constantes ameaças e conflitos que afetam os primatas em ambientes urbanos colocam suas populações em declínio. Isso é agravado ainda pela falta de conhecimento dos habitantes sobre a fauna e a flora com a qual coexistem. Com o objetivo de aumentar o conhecimento e sensibilizar a população de Villavicencio sobre a importância e distribuição de primatas em ecossistemas urbanos foi desenvolvido um aplicativo móvel (app) gratuito. Inicialmente, foram realizadas entrevistas semi-estruturadas (n=140) com residentes de cada zona (n=28) da cidade de Villavicencio nas quais se observaram primatas a fim de gerar um mapa da distribuição de primatas diurnos. Também foi feita a identificação das espécies presentes, sendo: Saimiri sciureus cassiquiarensis, Plecturocebus ornatus, Alouatta seniculus e Sapajus apella. Com os dados de distribuição, conflitos e ameaças, foi construído um aplicativo móvel no sistema Android, onde tais dados estão georeferenciados, a fim de sensibilizar a comunidade sobre as espécies de primatas presentes na cidade. A socialização do app foi direcionada para as entidades governamentais e ONGs da cidade, obtendo uma avaliação positiva pelo público. Trabalhar com comunidades em projetos de sensibilização ambiental que utilizam ferramentas como as TICs tem o potencial de transformar a dinâmica sociocultural local, promovendo uma maior preocupação com a biodiversidade, sendo uma ferramenta bem recebida por diferentes grupos da população.

https://doi.org/10.22579/20112629.543 916 downloads

Patrones de distribución temporal de lluvia ciclónica en Cuba estimada por el modelo WRF
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Perdigón-Cuellar, Daylin

; Martínez-González, Yoel

; Pérez-Alarcón, Albenis

; Ulloa-López, Diego Rafael

Ingeniería Hidráulica y Ambiental

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Abr 2019, Volume 40 Nº 1 Páginas 17 - 31

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

ABSTRACT The knowledge of temporal distribution patterns of rainfall generated by tropical cyclones is an essential element for the anticipation and confrontation of hydrological disasters of all kinds, providing an appropriate technical and theoretical basis to support decision making in each territory. In the present research by processing the precipitation outputs of the atmospheric Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF), a procedure is designed and applied to determine the standardized patterns of the respective mass curves and hyetographs, distributed geographically in Cuba. The results obtained accurately reflected the aspects that influence the rainfalls of these organisms as they pass through each of the established regions of the country.

RESUMEN El conocimiento de patrones de distribución temporal de lluvia generada por ciclones tropicales constituye un elemento esencial para la anticipación y enfrentamiento de desastres hidrológicos de todo tipo, aportando una base técnica y teórica apropiada como soporte a la toma de decisiones en cada territorio. En la presente investigación, procesando las salidas de precipitación del modelo atmosférico WRF (Weather Research and Forecasting), se diseña y aplica un procedimiento para determinar los patrones normalizados de las curvas de masa y hietogramas respectivos, distribuidos geográficamente en Cuba. Los resultados obtenidos reflejaron acertadamente los aspectos que influyen en las lluvias de estos organismos a su paso por cada una de las regiones establecidas del país.

El desarrollo tecnológico y social de la industria azucarera. El caso de las biorefinerías
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Ramos Miranda, Fernando E.

; Cuellar, Marcos A.

; Saez Jover, Diego

Revista Universidad y Sociedad

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Dez 2018, Volume 10 Nº 5 Páginas 295 - 300

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

ABSTRACT In the present work the economic, environmental and social benefits that occur with this type of installation are exposed. The technologies and some new concepts about the subject are synthetically described. It concludes with the need to reflect on the necessary promotion this type of factory for the betterment of the society.

RESUMEN En el presente trabajo se exponen los beneficios económicos, ambientales y sociales que se producen con este tipo de instalación. Se describen de forma sintética las tecnologías y algunos conceptos nuevos acerca del tema. Se concluye con la necesidad de reflexionar acerca de la necesidad de promover este tipo de fábrica para el mejoramiento de la sociedad.

10.

Incidence of early postanesthetic hypoxemia in the postanesthetic care unit and related factors
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Quintero-Cifuentes, Iván Fernando

; Pérez-López, Daniela

; Victoria-Cuellar, Diego Ferney

; Satizábal-Padridín, Natalia

; Billefals-Vallejo, Einar Sten

; Castaño-Ramírez, Darío Alberto

; Beltrán-Osorio, Luis David

Colombian Journal of Anestesiology

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Dez 2018, Volume 46 Nº 4 Páginas 309 - 316

Resumo: Es En | Texto: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen Introducción: La hipoxemia postoperatoria es un evento adverso frecuente en la Unidad de Cuidados Postanestésicos (UCPA). Su incidencia varía ampliamente entre 14 a 80% según la complejidad del centro de referencia y características de la población, con posibilidad de desenlaces severos e incluso fatales. Objetivo: Determinar la incidencia de hipoxemia postoperatoria temprana (HPT) en UCPA y sus factores clínicos relacionados. Materiales y métodos: Estudio observacional analítico transversal de pacientes adultos ingresados a la UCPA después de ser sometidos a procedimientos quirúrgicos bajo anestesia general o neuroaxial entre abril y mayo 2017. Se registró la saturación arterial periférica de oxígeno al ingreso de UCPA, durante la primera y segunda horas postoperatorias. Los factores asociados al desarrollo de HPT fueron evaluados mediante regresión logística simple y multivariada paso a paso. Resultados: Se incluyeron 365 pacientes. La mediana de edad fue 49 años (rango intercuartíl [RIC] 36-63 años), la mitad fueron mujeres (55.3%) y 7.4% tenían patología pulmonar. De la totalidad de pacientes, 60 desarrollaron HPT representando una incidencia de 16%. La edad, antecedente de Síndrome de Apnea Obstructiva del Sueño (SAOS) y tiempo de anestesia fueron factores asociados estadísticamente significativos. El tipo de anestesia, tipo de cirugía y sitio quirúrgico no fueron factores asociados significativos. Conclusión: Se recomienda identificar de manera prequirúrgica pacientes con edad avanzada, antecedente de SAOS y posible exposición a tiempos prolongados de anestesia, con el fin de implementar estrategias que puedan disminuir el riesgo de HPT.

Abstract Introduction: Postoperative hypoxemia is a frequent adverse event in the postanesthetic care unit (PACU). Incidence varies substantially, between 14% and 80%, depending on the complexity of the referral center and the characteristics of the population, with the potential for severe and even fatal outcomes. Objective: To determine the incidence of early postoperative hypoxemia (EPH) in the PACU and identify related clinical factors. Materials and methods: Cross-sectional analytical observational study in adult patients taken to the PACU following surgical procedures under general or neuroaxial anesthesia, between April and May 2017. Peripheral arterial oxygen saturation was recorded on admission to the PACU. Factors associated with the development of EPH were evaluated using simple logistic and multivariate regression step by step. Results: Overall, 365 patients were included. Median age was 49 years (interquartile range 36-63 years), half of them were women (55.3%), and 7.4% had lung disease. Of the total number of patients, 60 developed EPH, for an incidence of 16%. Age, a history of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS), and anesthesia time were statistically significant associated factors. The type of anesthesia, the type of surgery, and the surgical site were not significant associated factors. Conclusion: It is recommended to identify elderly patients, a history of OSAS, and potential exposure to prolonged anesthesia time in order to implement strategies designed to reduce the risk of EPH.

https://doi.org/10.1097/cj9.0000000000000082 867 downloads

11.

Prevalence and incidence estimates for syphilis, chlamydia, gonorrhea, and congenital syphilis in Colombia, 1995–2016
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Korenromp, Eline L.

; Ríos, Cielo

; Apolinar, Amparo Liliana Sabogal

; Caicedo, Sidia

; Cuellar, Diego

; Cárdenas, Iván

; Nuñez, Ricardo Luque

; Cuéllar, Norma Constanza

; Ruíz, Martha

; Cruz, Adriana

; Gaitan-Duarte, Hernando

; Valderrama, Carolina Duarte

; Forero, María Isabel Bermúdez

; Taylor, Melanie

; Rowley, Jane

; Gómez, Bertha

; Alonso, Mónica

Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública

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2018, Volume 42 elocation e118

Resumo: Pt En Es | Texto: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

RESUMO Objetivos Estimar a incidência e a prevalência na população adulta (com idade de 15–49 anos) de sífilis ativa, gonorreia e clamídia e a incidência de sífilis congênita (SC) e desfechos adversos congênitos na Colômbia no período de 1995 a 2016. Métodos O modelo epidemiológico Spectrum-STI foi o instrumento usado para estimar a prevalência de gonorreia e clamídia como médias móveis nas prevalências observadas em pesquisas representativas da população geral. A sífilis em adultos foi estimada com a regressão polinomial segmentada aplicada ao modelo Spectrum-STI com dados de prevalência obtidos de pesquisas da atenção pré-natal, exames pré-natais de rotina de detecção precoce e pesquisas da população geral. Casos de SC e desfechos adversos congênitos foram estimados a partir das estimativas de sífilis materna do modelo Spectrum e percentuais de mulheres que fizeram testes de detecção e foram tratadas para sífilis, segundo as definições de casos da Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS) e probabilidades de risco. Resultados O modelo Spectrum estimou, para 2016, uma prevalência de gonorreia de 0,70% (intervalo de confiança de 95% [IC 95%] 0,15%–1,9%) no sexo feminino e 0,60% (0,1%–1,9%) no sexo masculino e uma prevalência de clamídia de 9,2% (4,4%–15,4%) no sexo feminino e 7,4% (3,5%–14.7%) no sexo masculino, sem evidência de tendências no período 1995–2016. A prevalência de sífilis ativa em 2016 foi de 1,25% (1,22–1,29%) no sexo feminino e 1,25% (1,1%–1,4%) no sexo masculino, demonstrando um declínio da prevalência de 2,6% (2,1%–3,2%) observada em 1995 para o sexo feminino. Houve, ao todo, 3.851 casos correspondentes de SC em 2016 (incluindo casos assintomáticos), dos quais 2.245 foram desfechos adversos congênitos. Observou-se uma redução nas estimativas anuais de SC e desfechos adversos congênitos em 2008–2016, refletindo a diminuição da prevalência materna e o número crescente de casos evitados com exames pré-natais de detecção e tratamento. Conclusões Os dados disponíveis de vigilância e monitoramento condensados no modelo Spectrum-STI, e as resultantes estimativas nacionais de infeções sexualmente transmissíveis (IST) obtidas pela primeira vez na Colômbia, evidenciam a alta carga persistente de IST no país. Estima-se que a ocorrência de sífilis do adulto e sífilis congênita esteja diminuindo em decorrência da melhoria nos esforços de detecção precoce. A vigilância reforçada, consistindo também de exames periódicos de detecção precoce nas populações de baixo risco e estimavas futuras aprimoradas do instrumento Spectrum, deve sustentar o planejamento e a implementação de controle e prevenção de IST e a eliminação da SC.

ABSTRACT Objectives To estimate adult (15–49 years old) prevalence and incidence of active syphilis, gonorrhea, and chlamydia, and incidence of congenital syphilis (CS) and adverse birth outcomes (ABOs) in Colombia, over 1995–2016. Methods The Spectrum-STI epidemiological model tool estimated gonorrhea and chlamydia prevalences as moving averages across prevalences observed in representative general population surveys. For adult syphilis, Spectrum-STI applied segmented polynomial regression through prevalence data from antenatal care (ANC) surveys, routine ANC-based screening, and general population surveys. CS cases and ABOs were estimated from Spectrum's maternal syphilis estimates and proportions of women screened and treated for syphilis, applying World Health Organization case definitions and risk probabilities. Results The Spectrum model estimated prevalences in 2016 of 0.70% (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.15%-1.9%) in women and 0.60% (0.1%-1.9%) in men for gonorrhea and of 9.2% (4.4%-15.4%) in women and 7.4% (3.5%-14.7%) in men for chlamydia, without evidence for trends over 1995–2016. The prevalence of active syphilis in 2016 was 1.25% (1.22–1.29%) in women and 1.25% (1.1%-1.4%) in men, decreasing from 2.6% (2.1%-3.2%) in women in 1995. Corresponding CS cases in 2016 (including cases without clinical symptoms) totaled 3 851, of which 2 245 were ABOs. Annual CS and ABO estimates decreased over 2008–2016, reflecting decreasing maternal prevalence and increasing cases averted through ANC-based screening and treatment. Conclusions The available surveillance and monitoring data synthesized in Spectrum-STI— and the resulting first-ever national STI estimates for Colombia—highlighted Colombia's persistently high STI burden. Adult syphilis and congenital syphilis are estimated to be falling, reflecting improving screening efforts. Strengthened surveillance, including with periodic screening in low-risk populations and future refined Spectrum estimations, should support planning and implementation of STI prevention and control, including CS elimination.

resumen está disponible en el texto completo

https://doi.org/10.26633/rpsp.2018.118 61 downloads

12.

Solution thermodynamics and preferential solvation of 3-chloro-N-phenyl-phthalimide in acetone + methanol mixtures
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Areiza Aldana, Grecia Angeline del Mar

; Cuellar Lozano, Aleida

; Peña Carmona, Nasly Alexandra

; Caviedes Rubio, Diego Iván

; Mehrdad, Abbas

; Hossein Miri, Amir

; Rodríguez Rodríguez, Gerson Andrés

; Delgado, Daniel Ricardo

Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Químico - Farmacéuticas

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Mai 2016, Volume 45 Nº 2 Páginas 256 - 274

Resumo: Es En | Texto: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Las propiedades termodinámicas de 3-cloro-N-fenil-ftalimida en mezclas cosolventes acetona + metanol fueron obtenidas a partir de los datos de solubilidad reportados en la literatura. La mayor solubilidad se presentó en acetona y la menor en metanol puro en todas las temperaturas estudiadas. La grafica ΔsolnH° vs. ΔsolnG° presenta una tendencia no lineal, con una pendiente negativa desde la acetona pura hasta x1 = 0,691 a partir de esta composición hasta el metanol puro se obtiene una pendiente positiva variable con la excepción de las mezclas con x1 = 0,121, x1 = 0,272 y x1 = 0,356, la cual es una tendencia poco común en estos sistemas. La solvatación preferencial de 3-cloro-N-fenil-ftalimida por cada uno de los solventes de la mezcla se estimó por medio del método de las integrales inversas de Kirkwood-Buff mostrando que la 3-cloro-N-fenil-ftalimida se solvata preferencialmente por metanol en las mezclas más polares y por acetona en las menos polares.

The thermodynamic properties of the 3-chloro-N-phenyl-phthalimide in acetone + methanol cosolvent mixtures were obtained from solubility data report in literature. The solubility was higher in near acetone and lower in pure methanol at all temperatures studied. A non-linear plot of ∆solnH° vs. ∆solnG° shows a negative slope from pure acetone up to x1 = 0.691. Beyond this composition, a variable positive slope is obtained with the exception of mixtures with x1 = 0.121, x1 = 0.272 and x1 = 0.356 which is a not common trend in these systems. The preferential solvation of 3-chloro-N-phenyl-phthalimide by the components of the solvents was estimated by means of the inverse Kirkwood-Buff integral method, showing the 3-chloro-Nphenyl-phthalimide is preferential solvated by methanol in more polar mixtures and by acetone in less polar ones.

https://doi.org/10.15446/rcciquifa.v45n2.59941 852 downloads

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