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Abstract Objectives: To evaluate the inconsistency between clinical diagnosis of death and autopsy findings in adolescents with chronic diseases. Methods: A cross-sectional study including a sample of adolescents’ autopsies who died in a pediatric and adolescent tertiary hospital over 18 consecutive years. During this period, there were n = 2912 deaths, and n = 581/2912(20%) occurred in adolescents. Of these, n = 85/581(15%) underwent autopsies and were analyzed. Further results were divided into two groups: Goldman classes I or II (high disagreement between main clinical diagnosis of death and anatomopathological findings, n = 26) and Goldman classes III, IV or V (low or no disagreement between these two parameters, n = 59). Results: Median age at death (13.5 [10‒19] vs. 13 [10‒19] years, p = 0.495) and disease duration (22 [0‒164] vs. 20 [0‒200] months, p = 0.931), and frequencies for males (58% vs. 44%, p = 0.247) were similar between class I/II vs. class III/IV/V. The frequency of pneumonia (73% vs. 48%, p = 0.029), pulmonary abscess (12% vs. 0%, p = 0.026), as well as isolation of yeast (27% vs. 5%, p = 0.008), and virus (15% vs. 2%, p = 0.029) identified in the autopsy, were significantly higher in adolescents with Goldman class I/II compared to those with Goldman class III/IV/V. In contrast, cerebral edema was significantly lower in adolescents of the first group (4% vs. 25%, p = 0.018). Conclusion: This study showed that 30% of the adolescents with chronic diseases had major discrepancies between clinical diagnosis of death and autopsy findings. Pneumonia, pulmonary abscess, as well as isolation of yeast and virus were more frequently identified at autopsy findings in the groups with major discrepancies.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinsp.2023.100184

Carga de Doenças Cardiovasculares Atribuível aos Fatores de Risco nos Países de Língua Portuguesa: Dados do Estudo “Global Burden of Disease 2019”
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Nascimento, Bruno Ramos

; Brant, Luisa Campos Caldeira

; Naback, André Dias Nassar

; Veloso, Guilherme Augusto

; Polanczyk, Carisi Anne

; Ribeiro, Antonio Luiz Pinho

; Malta, Deborah Carvalho

; Ferreira, Albano Vicente Lopes

; Oliveira, Gláucia Maria Moraes de

Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia

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Jun 2022, Volume 118 Nº 6 Páginas 1028 - 1048

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Fundamento: O impacto dos fatores de risco (FR) sobre a morbimortalidade por doença cardiovascular (DCV) na maioria dos países de língua portuguesa (PLP) é pouco conhecido. Objetivo: Analisar a morbimortalidade por DCV atribuível aos FR e sua variação nos PLP de 1990 a 2019, a partir de estimativas do estudo Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2019. Métodos: Avaliamos as mudanças nos FR ocorridas no período, as taxas de mortalidade e os anos de vida perdidos por incapacidade (DALYs), padronizados por idade, entre 1990 e 2019. Realizou-se a correlação entre a variação percentual das taxas de mortalidade e o índice sociodemográfico (SDI) de cada PLP pelo método de Spearman. O valor p<0,05 foi considerado estatisticamente significativo. Resultados: A pressão arterial sistólica (PAS) elevada foi o principal fator de risco para mortalidade e DALY por DCV para todos os PLP. A mortalidade por DCV mostrou uma tendência de redução em 2019, maior em Portugal (-66,6%, IC95% -71,0 - -61,2) e no Brasil (-49,8%, IC95% -52,5 - -47,1). Observou-se tendência à correlação inversa entre SDI e a variação percentual da mortalidade, que foi significativa para os riscos dietéticos (r=-0,70, p=0,036), colesterol LDL elevado (r=-0,77, p=0,015) e PAS elevada (r=-0,74, p=0,023). Conclusões: Além da PAS, os FR dietéticos e metabólicos justificaram uma maior variação da carga de DCV, correlacionada com o SDI nos PLP, sugerindo a necessidade de adoção de políticas de saúde adaptadas à realidade de cada país, visando a redução de seu impacto sobre a população.

Abstract Background: The impact of risk factors (RF) on morbidity and mortality from cardiovascular disease (CVD) for most Portuguese-speaking countries (PSC) is little known. Objectives: We aimed to analyze the morbidity and mortality from CVD attributable to RF and its variation, from 1990 to 2019, in PSC, based on estimates from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2019 study. Methods: We evaluated changes in cardiovascular RF, mortality rates and age-standardized disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) between 1990 and 2019. The correlation between percentage changes in mortality rates and the sociodemographic index (SDI) of each PSC was evaluated by the Spearman method. A p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Elevated systolic blood pressure (SBP) was the main RF for mortality and DALYs for CVD for all PSC. Mortality from CVD showed a downward trend in 2019, more accentuated in Portugal (-66.6%, 95%CI -71.0 - -61.2) and in Brazil (-49.8%, 95%CI -52.5 - -47.1). There was a trend towards an inverse correlation between SDI and the percent change in mortality, which was significant for dietary risks (r=-0.70, p=0.036), high LDL cholesterol (r=-0.77, p=0.015) and high SBP (r=-0.74, p=0.023). Conclusions: In addition to SBP, dietary and metabolic RF justified a greater variation in the burden of CVD correlated with SDI in the PSC, suggesting the need to adopt health policies adapted to the reality of each country, aiming to reduce their impact on population.

https://doi.org/10.36660/abc.20210680

Persistent symptoms and decreased health-related quality of life after symptomatic pediatric COVID-19: A prospective study in a Latin American tertiary hospital
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Fink, Thais T.

; Marques, Heloisa H.S.

; Gualano, Bruno

; Lindoso, Livia

; Bain, Vera

; Astley, Camilla

; Martins, Fernanda

; Matheus, Denise

; Matsuo, Olivia M.

; Suguita, Priscila

; Trindade, Vitor

; Paula, Camila S.Y.

; Farhat, Sylvia C.L.

; Palmeira, Patricia

; Leal, Gabriela N.

; Suzuki, Lisa

; Odone Filho, Vicente

; Carneiro-Sampaio, Magda

; Duarte, Alberto José S.

; Antonangelo, Leila

; Batisttella, Linamara R.

; Polanczyk, Guilherme V.

; Pereira, Rosa Maria R.

; Carvalho, Carlos Roberto R.

; Buchpiguel, Carlos A.

; Latronico, Ana Claudia

; Seelaender, Marilia

; Silva, Clovis Artur

; Pereira, Maria Fernanda B.

; Sallum, Adriana M. E.

; Brentani, Alexandra V. M.

; Neto, Álvaro José S.

; Ihara, Amanda

; Santos, Andrea R.

; Canton, Ana Pinheiro M.

; Watanabe, Andreia

; Santos, Angélica C. dos

; Pastorino, Antonio C.

; Franco, Bernadette D. G. M.

; Caruzo, Bruna

; Ceneviva, Carina

; Martins, Carolina C. M. F.

; Prado, Danilo

; Abellan, Deipara M.

; Benatti, Fabiana B.

; Smaria, Fabiana

; Gonçalves, Fernanda T.

; Penteado, Fernando D.

; Castro, Gabriela S. F. de

; Gonçalves, Guilherme S.

; Roschel, Hamilton

; Disi, Ilana R.

; Marques, Isabela G.

; Castro, Inar A.

; Buscatti, Izabel M.

; Faiad, Jaline Z.

; Fiamoncini, Jarlei

; Rodrigues, Joaquim C.

; Carneiro, Jorge D. A.

; Paz, Jose A.

; Ferreira, Juliana C.

; Ferreira, Juliana C. O.

; Silva, Katia R.

; Bastos, Karina L. M.

; Kozu, Katia

; Cristofani, Lilian M.

; Souza, Lucas V. B.

; Campos, Lucia M. A.

; Silva Filho, Luiz Vicente R. F.

; Sapienza, Marcelo T.

; Lima, Marcos S.

; Garanito, Marlene P.

; Santos, Márcia F. A.

; Dorna, Mayra B.

; Aikawa, Nadia E.

; Litvinov, Nadia

; Sakita, Neusa K.

; Gaiolla, Paula V. V.

; Pasqualucci, Paula

; Toma, Ricardo K.

; Correa-Silva, Simone

; Sieczkowska, Sofia M.

; Imamura, Marta

; Forsait, Silvana

; Santos, Vera A.

; Zheng, Yingying

Clinics

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2021, Volume 76 elocation e3511

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

OBJECTIVES: To prospectively evaluate demographic, anthropometric and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in pediatric patients with laboratory-confirmed coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) METHODS: This was a longitudinal observational study of surviving pediatric post-COVID-19 patients (n=53) and pediatric subjects without laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 included as controls (n=52) was performed. RESULTS: The median duration between COVID-19 diagnosis (n=53) and follow-up was 4.4 months (0.8-10.7). Twenty-three of 53 (43%) patients reported at least one persistent symptom at the longitudinal follow-up visit and 12/53 (23%) had long COVID-19, with at least one symptom lasting for >12 weeks. The most frequently reported symptoms at the longitudinal follow-up visit were headache (19%), severe recurrent headache (9%), tiredness (9%), dyspnea (8%), and concentration difficulty (4%). At the longitudinal follow-up visit, the frequencies of anemia (11% versus 0%, p=0.030), lymphopenia (42% versus 18%, p=0.020), C-reactive protein level of >30 mg/L (35% versus 0%, p=0.0001), and D-dimer level of >1000 ng/mL (43% versus 6%, p=0.0004) significantly reduced compared with baseline values. Chest X-ray abnormalities (11% versus 2%, p=0.178) and cardiac alterations on echocardiogram (33% versus 22%, p=0.462) were similar at both visits. Comparison of characteristic data between patients with COVID-19 at the longitudinal follow-up visit and controls showed similar age (p=0.962), proportion of male sex (p=0.907), ethnicity (p=0.566), family minimum monthly wage (p=0.664), body mass index (p=0.601), and pediatric pre-existing chronic conditions (p=1.000). The Pediatric Quality of Live Inventory 4.0 scores, median physical score (69 [0-100] versus 81 [34-100], p=0.012), and school score (60 [15-100] versus 70 [15-95], p=0.028) were significantly lower in pediatric patients with COVID-19 at the longitudinal follow-up visit than in controls. CONCLUSIONS: Pediatric patients with COVID-19 showed a longitudinal impact on HRQoL parameters, particularly in physical/school domains, reinforcing the need for a prospective multidisciplinary approach for these patients. These data highlight the importance of closer monitoring of children and adolescents by the clinical team after COVID-19.

https://doi.org/10.6061/clinics/2021/e3511

INTEGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL FOOTPRINT INDEX (IEFI): MODEL DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION
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Silva, Vicente De P. R. Da

; Aleixo, Danilo De O.

; Campos, João H. B. Da C.

; Araújo, Lincoln E.

; Souza, Enio P.

Engenharia Agrícola

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Set 2017, Volume 37 Nº 5 Páginas 918 - 927

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT: Freshwater is a valuable resource worldwide given the growing demand of the global population. This study aimed to develop and validate an integrated assessment model by means of environmental footprint indices (water, ecological, and carbon), which measure the environmental sustainability of heterogeneous communities, people, and countries. An environmental footprint was firstly defined as a set of indicators to track human pressure on planet Earth under different angles, being a multidimensional index of environmental sustainability. A Delphi survey was used to bring together opinions from a diverse set of experts. The participants of this study consisted of 120 experts from several fields of knowledge belonging to the best-known research and education institutions in Brazil. Through this technique, an integrated environmental footprint index (IEFI) could be developed, being then validated with information from eight different communities located in the Paraíba State (Brazil). Afterwards, this index was applied to several representative countries from all continents. Our results indicated the sensitiveness of IEFI model to variations in natural ecosystems, in addition to its ability to identify the environmental balance of a person, community, or nation level.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-4430-eng.agric.v37n5p918-927/2017 1529 downloads

Resistência de genótipos de araçazeiros a Meloidogyne enterolobii
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Biazatti, Marlon Altoé

; Souza, Ricardo Moreira de

; Marinho, Cláudia Sales

; Guilherme, Denilson de Oliveira

; Campos, Graziella Siqueira

; Gomes, Vicente Martins

; Bremenkamp, Cíntia Aparecida

Ciência Rural

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Mar 2016, Volume 46 Nº 3 Páginas 418 - 420

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO: Este trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar a resistência de genótipos de P. cattleyanum a M. enterolobii. O experimento foi conduzido em DIC, com seis tratamentos, constituídospor cinco genótipos de P. cattleyanum, pela goiabeira 'Paluma' (testemunha) e oito repetições constituídas por clones desses genótipos. A classificação quanto à resistência foi determinada de acordo com o fator de reprodução (FR), avaliado aos 135 dias após inoculação com o nematoide. Os genótipos de P. cattleyanum avaliados foram resistentes a M. enterolobii com FR iguais ou inferiores a 0,2.

ABSTRACT: This research aimed to evaluate genotypes of P. cattleyanum by resistance to M. enterolobii. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with six treatments, consisting of five genotypes of P. cattleyanum and guava 'Paluma' (control) and eight replicates. Genotypes classification for resistance was determined by the reproduction factor (RF), evaluated at 135 days after inoculation with the nematode. Genotypes of P. cattleyanum were considered as resistant once reproduction factors evaluated had less than or equal to 0.2.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20140488 1850 downloads

ESTIRIL-LACTONAS DE Cryptocarya aschersoniana Mez. (Lauraceae Juss.) COM ATIVIDADE CONTRA Meloidogyne spp. E INTERAÇÃO IN SILICO COM PROVÁVEL FUMARASE DEMeloidogyne hapla
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Campos, Viviane A. C.

; Machado, Alan R. T.

; Silva, Willian J. R.

; Lopes, Karina C.

; Terra, Willian C.

; Campos, Vicente P.

; Oliveira, Denilson F.

Química Nova

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Fev 2016, Volume 39 Nº 2 Páginas 130 - 136

Resumo: Pt | Texto: Pt | PDF: Pt

In a previous study, substances with nematicidal properties were detected in the bark of Cryptocarya aschersoniana. Continuing such study, the methanol extract from this plant underwent fractionation guided by in vitro assays with the plant-parasitic nematode Meloidogyne exigua. Two active compounds were isolated and identified by spectroscopic methods as (E)-6-styrylpyran-2-one and (R)-goniothalamin. The latter compound was also active againstMeloidogyne incognita. In silico studies carried out with (R)-goniothalamin and the enzyme fumarate hydratase, which was extracted from the genome of Meloidogyne hapla and modeled using computational methods, suggested that this substance acts against nematodes by binding to a cavity close to the active site of the enzyme.

https://doi.org/10.5935/0100-4042.20160010 1063 downloads

Medições e modelagem da pegada hídrica da cana-de-açúcar cultivada no Estado da Paraíba
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Silva, Vicente de P. R. da

; Albuquerque, Monik F. de

; Araújo, Lincoln E. de

; Campos, João H. B. da C.

; Garcêz, Silvia L. A.

; Almeida, Rafaela S. R.

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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Jun 2015, Volume 19 Nº 6 Páginas 521 - 526

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO O conceito de pegada hídrica tem tido bastante interesse atualmente haja vista que a água doce é um recurso global utilizado em todos os ramos de atividades e pode ser fundamental para ajudar a compreender como as atividades e os produtos estão relacionados com a escassez de água. O objetivo deste estudo é comparar as medições da pegada hídrica da cana-de-açúcar derivadas pelo método tradicional utilizado na sua estimativa usando o balanço hídrico completo no solo em condições de campo. O experimento de campo foi realizado na Fazenda Capim II, localizada no litoral do estado da Paraíba, Brasil, no período de outubro de 2009 a agosto de 2010 com cana-de-açúcar, cultivar RB 92 579. Os resultados evidenciaram que os valores da pegada hídrica verde e cinza diminuem à medida que há acréscimo na lâmina de irrigação. Inversamente, os valores da pegada hídrica azul aumentam sempre que há incremento na lâmina de irrigação. A pegada hídrica da cana-de-açúcar obtida com base no modelo CROPWAT, superestima os valores da pegada hídrica verde e azul e subestima os valores da pegada hídrica cinza, obtidos com base no balanço hídrico do solo.

ABSTRACT The water footprint concept has gained interest because the freshwater is a global resource utilized in all activities and can be fundamental in helping to understand how activities and products are related to water scarcity. The purpose of this study is to compare the sugarcane water footprint measurements derived by the traditional method used for its estimation and using the complete water balance in the soil under field conditions. The field experiment was carried out at the Capim II farm located in the coastal area of state of Paraiba, Brazil, during the period from October 2009 to August 2010 with sugarcane. The results indicated that the green and gray water footprint values decrease as there is an increase in irrigation depth. Inversely, the blue water footprint values increase as there is an increase in irrigation depth. The sugarcane water footprint based on the CROPWAT model overestimates green and blue water footprint values and underestimates the gray water footprint values obtained from the soil water balance.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v19n6p521-526 2592 downloads

Purification and identification of metabolites produced by Bacillus cereus and B. subtilis active against Meloidogyne exigua, and their in silico interaction with a putative phosphoribosyltransferase fromM. incognita
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OLIVEIRA, DENILSON F.

; SANTOS JÚNIOR, HELVÉCIO M. DOS

; NUNES, ALEXANDRO S.

; CAMPOS, VICENTE P.

; PINHO, RENATA S.C. DE

; GAJO, GIOVANNA C.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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Jun 2014, Volume 86 Nº 2 Páginas 525 - 538

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Com o objetivo de contribuir para o desenvolvimento de produtos para o controle de Meloidogyne exigua, as bactérias Bacillus cereus e B. subtilis foram cultivadas em meio líquido de cultura para produzirem metabólitos ativos contra este nematoide parasita de plantas. Os fracionamentos dos extratos em diclorometano dos meios de cultura produziram uracila, 9H-purina e di-idrouracila. Todos os compostos foram ativos contra M. exigua, sendo o último o mais eficiente. Ele apresentou CL50 de 204 µg/mL contra o nematoide, enquanto uma CL50 de 260 µg/mL foi observada para o nematicida comercial carbofuran. Uma busca por complexos proteína-ligante nos quais o ligante fosse estruturalmente similar à di-idrouracila resultou na seleção de fosforibosiltransferases, cujas sequências foram utilizadas em uma busca in silico no genoma de M. incognita por sequência de aminoácidos semelhante. A sequência resultante foi modelada e di-idrouracila e 9H-purina foram inseridos nos sítios ativos desta provável fosforibosiltransferase, resultando em complexos proteína-ligante que foram submetidos a simulações por dinâmica molecular. Cálculos das energias livres de ligação destes complexos revelaram que a constante de dissociação de di-idrouracila e 9H-purina da enzima é da ordem de 8,3 x 10-7 e 1,6 x 10-6 M, respectivamente. Consequentemente, estas substâncias e a provável fosforibosiltransferase podem ser de grande utilidade para o desenvolvimento de novos produtos para o controle de M. exigua.

To contribute to the development of products to controlMeloidogyne exigua, the bacteria Bacillus cereus and B. subtilis were cultivated in liquid medium to produce metabolites active against this plant-parasitic nematode. Fractionation of the crude dichloromethane extracts obtained from the cultures afforded uracil, 9H-purine and dihydrouracil. All compounds were active against M. exigua, the latter being the most efficient. This substance presented a LC50 of 204 µg/mL against the nematode, while a LC50 of 260 µg/mL was observed for the commercial nematicide carbofuran. A search for protein-ligand complexes in which the ligands were structurally similar to dihydrouracil resulted in the selection of phosphoribosyltransferases, the sequences of which were used in an in silico search in the genome of M. incognita for a similar sequence of amino acids. The resulting sequence was modelled and dihydrouracil and 9H-purine were inserted in the active site of this putative phosphoribosyltransferase resulting in protein-ligand complexes that underwent molecular dynamics simulations. Calculation of the binding free-energies of these complexes revealed that the dissociation constant of dihydrouracil and 9H-purine to this protein is around 8.3 x 10-7 and 1.6 x 10-6 M, respectively. Consequently, these substances and the putative phosphoribosyltransferase are promising for the development of new products to control M. exigua.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765201402412 4899 downloads

Volatile organic compounds for the control of Meloidogyne exigua in Coffea arabica
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Silva, Willian R. J.

; Machado, Alan R. T.

; Campos, Viviane A. C.

; Zeri, Ana C. M.

; Campos, Vicente P.

; Oliveira, Denilson F.

Tropical Plant Pathology

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Out 2013, Volume 38 Nº 5 Páginas 375 - 386

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Meloidogyne exigua is a plant-parasitic nematode that causes great losses to coffee farmers. Thus, to contribute to the development of new products to control this parasite, the present work studied the effect of volatile organic compounds (VOC) on the nematode and coffee plants (Coffea arabica), since these compounds are known to be used in plant defense against other agronomical pests. The number of galls of M. exigua was reduced when the aerial part of coffee plants was sprayed with combinations of methyl jasmonate + jasmone, (Z)-hex-3-en-1-ol + (E)-hex-3-en-1-ol + (Z)-hex-2-en-1-ol + (E)-hex-2-enal, (E)-hex-2-enyl acetate + hexyl acetate, meso-butane-2,3-diol + butane-1,2-diol + butane-1,3-diol + butane-1,4-diol, 3-hydroxybutan-2-one + 4-hydroxybutan-2-one or linalyl acetate + nerolidol. These VOC also caused alterations in the concentrations of substances such as alkaloids, phenols, amino acids and carbohydrates, in the roots of coffee plants. The findings suggest that these VOC may be explored as potential products for the control of M. exigua in coffee plants.

2567 downloads

10.

Climate risk in maize crop in the northeastern of Brazil based on climate change scenarios
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Silva, Vicente de P. R. da

; Campos, João H. B. da C.

; Silva, Madson T.

Engenharia Agrícola

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Dez 2012, Volume 32 Nº 6 Páginas 1176 - 1183

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Este estudo avalia os impactos das alterações climáticas sobre o zoneamento agrícola de risco climático do milho cultivado na região Nordeste do Brasil, com base nos relatórios do IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change). O modelo de balanço hídrico, combinado com técnicas de geoprocessamento, foi utilizado para identificar as áreas da região de estudo onde a cultura poderá sofrer restrições de rendimento devido à mudança do clima. Os dados utilizados no estudo foram as séries históricas de precipitação, com no mínimo 30 anos de dados diários, coeficientes de cultura, evapotranspiração potencial e a duração do ciclo da cultura. Os cenários de aumento na temperatura do ar utilizados nas simulações foram de 1,5; 3,0 e 5,0 ºC. A época de semeadura, de janeiro a março, da cultura de milho é menos afetada pelos cenários de aquecimento do que a semeadura nos meses de novembro e dezembro ou de abril e maio.

This study evaluates the impacts of climate change on the agricultural zoning of climatic risk in maize crop cultivated in the Northeastern of Brazil, based on the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) reports. The water balance model, combined with geospatial technologies, was used to identify areas of the study region where the crops could suffer yield restrictions due to climate change. The data used in the study were the time series of rainfall with at least 30 years of daily data, crop coefficients, potential evapotranspiration and duration of the crop cycle. The scenarios of the increasing of air temperature used in the simulations were of 1.5ºC, 3ºC and 5ºC. The sowing date of maize crop from January to March appears to be less affected by warming scenarios than the sowing in November and December or April and May.

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11.

Evaluación de procedencias de Pinus greggii Engelm. ex Parl. en plantaciones de la Mixteca Oaxaqueña
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Velasco-Velasco, Vicente Arturo

; Enríquez-del Valle, José Raymundo

; Rodríguez-Ortiz, Gerardo

; Campos-Ángeles, Gisela Virginia

; Gómez-Cárdenas, Martín

; García-García, María Luisa

Revista mexicana de ciencias forestales

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Fev 2012, Volume 3 Nº 9 Páginas 42 - 50

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Some characteristics of 13 provenances of seven year-old Pinus greggii , planted in 1997 were evaluated in Tlacotepec Plumas and Magdalena Zahuatlán in the Mixteca of Oaxaca. A 2 x 13 factorial arrangement (communities for provenances) was used under a completely randomized blocks design with 12 replications and 9 individuals per experimental unit. Trees in Tlacotepec Plumas and Magdalena Zahuatlán, had 4.7 and 3.7 m height, 12.3 and 9.7 cm of basal diameter, 7.4 and 4.8 cm of diameter at breast height and 12.3 and 10.8 nodes; current annual increment (CAI) was 0.73 and 0.47 m in height; 1.96 and 1.51 cm in basal diameter; 1.12 and 1.03 growth cycles, respectively. Soils of Tlacotepec Plumas and Magdalena Zahuatlán had pH of 7.6 and 8.1, respectively, as well as 0.16 and 0.08% nitrogen. Provenances from central Mexico, Comunidad Durango, Zimapán, Hidalgo State; El Madroño, Queretaro State; El Piñón and Molango, Hidalgo, showed 1.18, 1.14, 1.10 and 0.99 cm, of mean annual increment (MAI) of diameter at breast height, magnitudes are not significantly different, but greater than 0.64 and 0.66 cm of MAI in diameter at breast height of provenances from the north of Mexico: Jame, Puerto Los Conejos and Los Lirios, Coahuila and Galeana, Nuevo León. The upper growth of trees of the first three provenances indicates the sites where Pinus greggii seeds could be collected for future plantations in some communities of the Oaxacan Mixteca.

Se evaluaron 13 procedencias de Pinus greggii en dos plantaciones de siete años de edad establecidas en 1997 en Tlacotepec Plumas y Magdalena Zahuatlán en la Mixteca de Oaxaca. El diseño experimental fue de bloques completos aleatorios con arreglo factorial 2 x 13 (localidades por procedencias). La unidad experimental constó de nueve individuos y se tuvieron 12 repeticiones. Los árboles de las 13 procedencias ubicados en Tlacotepec Plumas y Magdalena Zahuatlán tuvieron en promedio 4.7 y 3.7 m de altura, 12.3 y 9.7 cm de diámetro basal, 7.4 y 4.8 cm de diámetro normal, 12.3 y 10.8 interverticilos; el incremento corriente anual (ICA) fue: 0.73 y 0.47 m de altura; 1.96 y 1.51 cm de diámetro basal; 1.12 y 1.03 interverticilos, respectivamente. Los suelos de ambas localidades registraron un pH de 7.6 y 8.1; así como 0.16 y 0.08% de nitrógeno, respectivamente. Las procedencias del centro del país: Comunidad Durango, Zimapán, Hidalgo, El Madroño, Querétaro, El Piñón y Molango, Hidalgo mostraron 1.18, 1.14, 1.10 y 0.99 cm de incremento medio anual (IMA) en diámetro normal; magnitudes significativamente no diferentes entre sí, pero mayores a los 0.64 a 0.66 cm de IMA en diámetro normal de los pinos cuyo origen corresponde del material del norte: Jame, Puerto Los Conejos y Los Lirios, Coahuila y Galeana, Nuevo León. El crecimiento superior de los individuos de las primeras tres procedencias indica los lugares de donde conviene colectar las semillas de P. greggii , para futuras plantaciones en algunas localidades de la Mixteca Oaxaqueña.

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12.

Influence of temperature and duration of storage on the lipid reserves of entomopathogenic nematodes
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ANDALÓ, VANESSA

; MOINO, ALCIDES

; MAXIMINIANO, CLEBER

; CAMPOS, VICENTE P.

; MENDONÇA, LÚCIA A.

Revista Colombiana de Entomología

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Dez 2011, Volume 37 Nº 2 Páginas 203 - 209

Resumo: Es En | Texto: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

La principal fuente de energía de los nematodos entomopatógenos (NEP) en su fase infectiva son los lípidos, el nivel de esas reservas puede estar influenciado por el almacenamiento e interferir en su infectividad. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar el porcentaje de lípidos en juveniles infectantes (JI) almacenados en diferentes temperaturas y asociar esto con su infectividad. Suspensiones de Steinernema carpocapsae, S. riobravis, Heterorhabditis sp. JPM4, Heterorhabditis sp. CCA y Heterorhabditis sp. PI fueron incubadas por cero, 15, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150 y 180 días a 8, 16, 20, 24 y 28°C. La cantidad de lípidos se evaluó a través del método colorimétrico. Para cada tratamiento se evaluó la infectividad de los JI en Galleria mellonella. Todos nematodos presentaron reducción de lípidos a lo largo del tiempo, sin embargo, hubo variación de acuerdo con la temperatura. Los nematodos mantuvieron sus lípidos por mayor tiempo en 8, 16 y 20°C, ya en 24 y 28°C el porcentaje disminuyó rápidamente. Los JI de Heterorhabditis se mostraron menos tolerantes a las temperaturas de 8, 24 y 28°C comparados con los del género Steinernema en relación a la infectividad. Las temperaturas de 16 y 20°C fueron las que menos afectaron la infectividad al final de los 180 días. De esta manera, los lípidos y la infectividad están influenciados por el almacenamiento a diferentes temperaturas, en las especies experimentadas. Estos datos son de gran utilidad para tener éxito en el uso de nemátodos entomopatógenos como agentes de control biológico.

Lipids represent the main source of energy in entomopathogenic nematodes. In the infective juvenile (IJ) phase, the level of such reserves can be influenced by storage, and this may affect their infectivity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the percentage of lipids and the associated infectivity in IJs of Steinernema carpocapsae, S. riobrave, Heterorhabditis sp. JPM4, Heterorhabditis sp. CCA and Heterorhabditis sp. PI that had been stored under different temperatures (8-28°C) for various times (0 to 180 days). The amounts of lipids present in IJs were evaluated histologically using a colorimetric method, while infectivity was assayed against Galleria mellonella larvae. Lipid levels diminished with increasing storage time for all nematodes, but the rates of decrease varied according to storage temperature and species. Lipid reserves were conserved for longer storage periods at 8, 16 and 20°C, while at 24 and 28°C the percentage of lipids decreased rapidly. The infectivities of IJs of Heterorhabditis spp. were less tolerant than those of Steinernema spp. to temperatures of 8, 24 and 28°C. Thus, while storage at 8°C was optimal for conserving lipid reserves, infectivity was best preserved at temperatures of 16 and 20°C gave rise to the least reduction in infectivities after 180 days of storage. In this way, lipids and infectivity are influenced by different storage temperatures for the species tested. These data are useful for greater success in using entomopathogenic nematodes as biocontrol agents.

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13.

Selection of phytotoxin producing rhizobacteria
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Carvalho, Daniel D.C.

; Oliveira, Denilson F.

; Campos, Vicente P.

; Pasqual, Moacir

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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Set 2011, Volume 83 Nº 3 Páginas 1091 - 1096

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Com o objetivo de selecionar rizobactérias produtoras de fitotoxinas para uso no controle de plantas daninhas, vinte e cinco isolados bacterianos previamente obtidos das rizosferas de diferentes plantas foram cultivados em meio líquido e, após remoção das células por centrifugação, as fases líquidas foram liofilizadas e os resíduos obtidos foram submetidos à extração com acetato de etila/metanol. Os extratos foram concentrados sob vácuo até secura e dissolvidos em água e solução de sacarose para serem submetidos a testes in vitro de germinação de sementes de alface (Lactuca sativa L.) e de crescimento de coleóptilos de trigo (Triticum aestivum L.). Embora a maior parte das amostras tenha desfavorecido o crescimento dos coleóptilos de trigo, somente as provenientes de quatro isolados reduziram a germinação das sementes de alface. Dois isolados de Bacillus cereus, um isolado de B. pumilus e um de Stenotrophomonas maltophilia foram os microrganismos mais promissores para a produção de fitotoxinas, com possibilidade de uso no desenvolvimento de novos produtos para o controle de plantas daninhas.

In order to select phytotoxin producing rhizobacteria to control weed plants, twenty five bacterial strains previously isolated from the rhizospheres of various plants were grown in a liquid medium and, after cell removal by centrifugation, the liquid phases were freeze-dried and the products were extracted with ethyl acetate/methanol. The extracts were concentrated to dryness under vacuum and dissolved in water and sucrose solution to be submitted to in vitro assays of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) seed germination and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) coleoptile growth. Although most samples affected coleoptile growth, only those from four strains reduced lettuce seed germination. Two strains of Bacillus cereus, one strain of B. pumilus and one of Stenotrophoonas altophilia were the most promising microorganisms for producing phytotoxin and, consequently, for the development of new weed control products.

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14.

Interpretación fitosociológica de la vegetación de las lomas del desierto peruano
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Galán de Mera, Antonio

; Linares Perea, Eliana

; Campos de la Cruz, José

; Vicente Orellana, José Alfredo

Revista de Biología Tropical

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Jun 2011, Volume 59 Nº 2 Páginas 809 - 828

Resumo: Es En | Texto: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

La vegetación de las lomas, causada sobre todo por las precipitaciones debidas a la influencia de la corriente fría de Humboldt, constituye la mayor originalidad del desierto peruano y chileno, con un alto número de endemismos que forman asociaciones geovicarias. En este trabajo, presentamos un estudio fitosociológico sobre la vegetación de los medios arenosos de las lomas del desierto costero peruano. De acuerdo con el método de Braun-Blanquet, hemos levantado 32 inventarios fitosociológicos a los que hemos añadido 138 procedentes de la bibliografía. En cada inventario, hemos analizado la composición florística y distintos parámetros ecológicos, como la altitud, el suelo y la geomorfología. Todos los inventarios fueron sintetizados en una tabla para deducir las asociaciones, las unidades fitosociológicas superiores y el origen de su flora. Como resultado, describimos dos nuevas asociaciones del sur del Perú -Nolanetum scaposo-spathulatae y Palauetum camanensis- weberbaueri, dos alianzas -Nolanion humifusae, del centro del Perú, y Nolanion spathulatae del sur del Perú-, y un nuevo orden -Tetragonio crystallinae-Plantaginetalia limensis-. También se presenta la vegetación de las quebradas en el contexto de las comunidades de riberas de la costa y su alteración por las dunas. Después de la aplicación del índice de Shannon-Wiener sobre las columnas de la tabla sintética, podemos deducir que el aumento de especies ruderales andinas y europeas en la costa central del Perú se ha visto favorecido por una actividad ganadera intensiva. La trashumancia entre los Andes y la costa, desde tiempos preincaicos hasta la actualidad, ha producido la dispersión zoócora de plantas altoandinas hacia la costa; la presencia de plantas europeas tuvo su origen en la colonización española de la costa del Perú.

A phytosociological interpretation of vegetation from sandy hills of the Peruvian desert. The vegetation of the sandy hills (“lomas”) constitutes the main originality of the Peruvian and Chilean desert with a high number of endemics that shapes the vicarious associations. in this work, a phytosociological view of sandy environments of the Peruvian coastal desert is presented. According to the Braun-Blanquet method, we have made up 32 phytosociological inventories and added 138 ones from others authors. in each inventory, we have analyzed its floristic composition and ecological parameters, as altitude, soil and geomorphology. All releves were synthesized in a table to deduce the different associations, higher phytosociological units, and the distribution of its flora along the Peruvian coast and the Andean Cordillera. Using the Shannon-Wiener diversity index, the diversity of this flora is discussed making a comparison with historical data about the use of the territory with livestock during pre-inca and inca cultures, and Spanish invasion. As a result, two associations from Southern Peru -Nolanetum scaposo-spathulatae and Palauetum camanensis-weberbaueri-, two alliances -Nolanion humifusae from central Peru, and Nolanion spathulatae from the Southern Peru- and a new order -Tetragonio crystallinae- Plantaginetalia limensis- are described. In Nolanetum scaposo-spathulatae, Dictyophragnus englerianus, Leptoglossis lomana, Nolana scaposa, N. spathulata, Palaua velutina and Tetragonia vestita are the main characteristics, while in Palauetum camanensis-weberbaueri association N. scaposa and P. velutina are replaced by Palaua camanensis and P. weberbaueri. Nolanion humifusae alliance integrates species as Geranium limae, Hymenocallis amancaes, Nolana humifusa, N. latipes, Palaua rhombifolia or Villanova oppositifolia. Likewise, Cistanthe weberbaueri, Cryptantha parviflora, Hoffmannseggia miranda, Lupinus mollendoensis, Nolana confinis, N. pallidula, N. scaposa, N. spathulata, Palaua camanensis, P. velutina, P. weberbaueri, Tetragonia vestita and Weberbauerella brongniartioides are the characteristic species of Nolanion spathulatae alliance. The Tetragonio crystallinae-Plantaginetalia limensis order presents characteristic plants don´t linked with eutrophic soils, as Calandrinia alba, Cryptantha limensis, Dyschoriste repens, Monnina macrostachya, Oxalis lomana, Palaua malvifolia, Pectocarya lateriflora, Plantago limensis or Tetragonia crystallina, with a distribution that claps the geographical area of the new alliances. On the other hand, the vegetation of the desert ravines is discussed in the context of the coastal river plant communities and its disturbance by the dunes. After the application of the Shannon-Wiener diversity index on the synthetic table columns, we can deduce that an increase in Andean and European ruderal species is linked to an intensive livestock activity. The transhumance between the Andes and the coast from pre-inca times until now, produces the plant dispersion of high Andean plants toward the coast; the Spanish colonization was the origin of the presence of European plants in the “lomas” vegetation of Peru. Rev. Biol. Trop. 59 (2): 809-828. Epub 2011 June 01.

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15.

Impacto do aquecimento global no cultivo do feijão-caupi, no Estado da Paraíba
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Campos, João H. B. da C.

; Silva, Madson T.

; Silva, Vicente de P. R. da

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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Abr 2010, Volume 14 Nº 4 Páginas 396 - 404

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

No presente estudo se avaliam os impactos da mudança do clima com base nos relatórios do Painel Intergovernamental em Mudanças do Clima (IPCC), no zoneamento agrícola de riscos climáticos para a cultura do feijão-caupi (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) cultivado em sistema de sequeiro, no Estado da Paraíba. Utilizou-se o modelo do balanço hídrico associado a técnicas de geoprocessamento, e se objetivou a identificação das regiões do Estado em que a cultura do feijão-caupi sofrerá restrições em face das mudanças climáticas. As variáveis consideradas no modelo foram precipitação pluvial, coeficientes de cultura, evapotranspiração potencial e duração das fases fenológicas da cultura. Adotou-se, como limite para o índice de satisfação da necessidade de água para a cultura (ISNA), o valor de 0,50. A data foi considerada adequada para a semeadura quando a simulação do balanço hídrico apresentou resultados de ISNA com frequência mínima de 80%, superior ao valor do critério adotado. Tendo em vista um aumento de temperatura do ar de 3 e 6 oC, como sugerido pelo IPCC, o cultivo do feijão-caupi sofrerá uma redução significativa nas áreas atualmente favoráveis ao seu cultivo no Estado da Paraíba.

This study evaluates the impacts of climate change, based on the reports of the IPCC, on the agricultural zoning of climatic risk of the rainfed cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) crop grown in the Paraíba state. The water balance model combined with GIS techniques was used for identifying areas in the state where the cowpea crop will suffer yield restrictions due to climate changes. Model input variables were: rainfall, crop coefficients, potential evapotranspiration and duration of the crop cycle. The limit value of 0.5 was adopted for the water requirement satisfaction index (WRSI). The date acceptable for seeding was that when the water balance simulation presented, for at least 80% minimum frequency, WRSI value greater than that limit value. An increase in air temperature of 3 and 6 oC, as suggested by the IPCC, will cause a significant reduction in the areas currently favorable for cowpea crop growth in the Paraíba state.

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