Abstract This study aimed to develop a scale to evaluate coping strategies in cancer patients. Initially, 112 items were created and subjected to theoretical analysis by expert judges, followed by a trial with the target population. After these steps, 42 items remained and were answered by 392 cancer patients. An exploratory factor analysis was conducted to assess the scale’s Internal structure validity. The resulting Coping Strategies Scale for Cancer Patients (E3PO) consists of 20 items grouped into two factors, explaining 36.05% of the total variance. The first factor, Treatment Engagement, includes 14 items (with a composite reliability of .83), which measure commitment to addressing the stressor. The second factor, Emotional Reactions, includes six items (with a composite reliability of .75) that evaluate coping based on the expression of negative emotions coming from the stressor. In the future, E3PO may help in the development of therapeutic plans and the evaluation of behavioral interventions aimed at enhancing coping strategies among cancer patients.

Resumen El objetivo de este estudio fue desarrollar una herramienta para evaluar el afrontamiento de pacientes oncológicos. Se construyeron 112 ítems que fueron sometidos a análisis teórico por parte de jueces especialistas y prueba piloto con la población objetivo. Los 42 ítems restantes tras esta etapa fueron contestados por 392 pacientes oncológicos. El análisis de la validez de la estructura interna se hizo por análisis factorial exploratorio. Denominad Escala de Estrategias de Afrontamiento para Pacientes Oncológicos (E3PO), los resultados señalaron una estructura de 20 ítems divididos en dos factores que explican 36.05% de la varianza total. Compromiso con el Tratamiento con 14 ítems (fiabilidad compuesta .83) evalúa el compromiso orientado hacia el cambio del estresor. Reacciones Emocionales con seis ítems (fiabilidad compuesta .75) evalúa el afrontamiento basado en la expresión de sentimientos negativos derivados del estresor. En el futuro, E3PO puede ser útil en la elaboración de planes terapéuticos y en la evaluación de intervenciones conductuales que se centren en el desarrollo o la mejora del afrontamiento del cáncer.

Resumo O objetivo desse estudo foi desenvolver um instrumento capaz de avaliar o enfrentamento de pacientes oncológicos. Foram construídos 112 itens que passaram por análise teórica de juízes especialistas e pré-teste com o público-alvo. Os 42 que restaram após essas etapas foram respondidos por 392 pacientes oncológicos. A análise de validade de estrutura interna foi realizada por análise fatorial exploratória. Denominada como Escala de Estratégias de Enfrentamento para Pacientes Oncológicos (E3PO), os resultados indicaram uma estrutura de 20 itens divididos em dois fatores que explicam 36,05% da variância total. Engajamento no Tratamento, 14 itens (confiabilidade composta de 0,83), avalia compromisso orientado para mudança do estressor. Reações Emocionais, seis itens (confiabilidade composta de 0,75), avalia enfrentamento baseado na expressão de sentimentos negativos advindos do estressor. A E3PO pode futuramente auxiliar na elaboração de planos terapêuticos e avaliação de intervenções comportamentais que tenham como foco o desenvolvimento ou melhoramento do enfrentamento ao câncer.

The São Luís Island, Maranhão State, is an ecotonal region, a mix of humid forest, cocais forest, dune vegetation, restingas and mangroves. Unlike the interior of the State, their coastal areas have a gap in knowledge of the Passifloraceae. Here, through field expeditions and herbaria visit, we provide taxonomic treatment, identification key and comments on the Passifloraceae of the São Luís Island. Ten species were recorded: Passiflora auriculata Kunth, P. edulis Sims, P. foetida L., P. glandulosa Cav., P. laurifolia L., P. misera Kunth, P. nitida Kunth, P. picturata Ker Gawl., P. subrotunda Mast., and P. vespertilio L. Passiflora picturata and P. misera were recorded for the first time on São Luís Island.

A Ilha de São Luís, Estado do Maranhão, configura-se como uma região ecotonal, um misto de floresta úmida, mata-de-cocais, vegetação de dunas, restingas e manguezais. Diferentemente do interior do Estado do Maranhão, suas zonas costeiras possuem uma lacuna sobre o conhecimento da família Passifloraceae. Aqui, por meio de expedições de campo e consulta a herbários, nós fornecemos o tratamento taxonômico, chave de identificação e comentários sobre as Passifloraceae da Ilha de São Luís. Foram registradas dez espécies: Passiflora auriculata Kunth, P. edulis Sims, P. foetida L., P. glandulosa Cav., P. laurifolia L., P. misera Kunth, P. nitida Kunth, P. picturata Ker Gawl., P. subrotunda Mast. e P. vespertilio L. As espécies P. picturata e P. misera foram registradas pela primeira vez na Ilha de São Luís.

Abstract This study analyzes the characteristics of the top 100 most-cited papers related to tooth bleaching. A literature search was performed on the Web of Science up to March 2022. The number of citations was cross-matched with the citation count on Scopus and Google Scholar. The following data were collected: number and density of citations; authorship; year and journal of publication; study design and thematic; keywords; institution and country of origin. Spearman’s correlation and Poisson regression were used to determine associations between the number of citations and study characteristics. The VOSviewer software was used to generate collaborative network maps for the authors and keywords. The number of citations ranged from 66 to 450. Papers were published between 1981 and 2020. The most frequent study design and topic were laboratory-based studies and ‘interaction of the bleaching agent with dental tissues’, respectively. Cochran M, Loguercio AD, Matis B, Reis A, and Suliman M were the authors with the highest number of papers. The countries with the most papers were the United States of America (USA) (28%) and Brazil (20%). Indiana University and State University of Ponta Grossa were the institutions with the most papers (6% each). There was a very strong correlation among the number of citations of the three databases. The 100 most-cited papers related to tooth bleaching were mainly published by the USA and Brazil, with laboratory-based studies addressing topics related to the effects of bleaching agents on tooth structure being the most prevalent.

Resumo Este estudo analisa as características dos 100 artigos mais citados relacionados ao clareamento dental. Uma pesquisa bibliográfica foi realizada na Web of Science até março de 2022. O número de citações foi cruzado com a contagem de citações na Scopus e na Google Scholar. Foram coletados os seguintes dados: número e densidade de citações; autoria; ano e periódico de publicação; desenho do estudo e temática; palavras-chave; instituição e país de origem. A correlação de Spearman e a regressão de Poisson foram usadas para determinar associações entre o número de citações e as características do estudo. O software VOSviewer foi utilizado para gerar mapas de rede colaborativa para os autores e palavras-chave. O número de citações variou de 66 a 450. Os artigos foram publicados entre 1981 e 2020. O desenho e o tópico de estudo mais frequentes foram estudos laboratoriais e interação do agente clareador com tecidos dentários, respectivamente. Cochran M, Loguercio AD, Matis B, Reis A e Suliman M foram os autores com maior número de artigos. Os países com mais artigos foram os Estados Unidos da América (EUA) (28%) e o Brasil (20%). A Universidade de Indiana e a Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa foram as instituições com mais artigos (6% cada). Houve uma correlação muito forte entre o número de citações das três bases de dados. Os 100 artigos mais citados relacionados ao clareamento dentário foram publicados principalmente pelos EUA e Brasil, sendo os estudos laboratoriais que abordaram tópicos relacionados aos efeitos dos agentes clareadores na estrutura dentária os mais prevalentes.

RESUMO O agronegócio biológico cresceu substancialmente em todo o mundo, demandando estratégias eficientes para manter ou aumentar a produção vegetal. Entretanto, pouco se conhece a respeito dos reais ganhos econômicos associados aos mecanismos que ocorrem na agricultura, incluindo cultivos tradicionais como a cana-de-açúcar. Buscou-se neste estudo encontrar potenciais indicadores microbiológicos relacionados com o aumento de produtividade e, paralelamente, valorar os serviços microbiológicos do solo por meio do desenvolvimento de uma equação estrutural (SEM). A SEM foi construída com base nos dados prévios de um experimento com cana-de-açúcar a campo, no qual os efeitos da inoculação com bactérias solubilizadoras de fosfato e utilização de fertilizante organomineral foram avaliados. A SEM indicou que as atividades de β-glucosidase e fosfatase alcalina foram potenciais indicadores relacionados ao aumento de produtividade em quatro cenários (atual, plausível, otimista e futurista). Aumentos de 158 e 195 t ha-1 foram projetados com base na atividade de β-glucosidase para os cenários atual e plausível, respectivamente. Estes aumentos resultaram em ganhos econômicos de R$ 453,02 ha-1 (US$ 86,07 ha-1) para o cenário atual, e R$ 1.571,53 ha-1 (US$ 298,59 ha-1) para o cenário plausível, considerando a taxa de câmbio de fevereiro de 2022 (R$ 0,19 US$-1). Independente do cenário, a inoculação bacteriana esteve associada a maiores atividades de β-glucosidase ou fosfatase alcalina e também maiores produtividades, o que se traduziu em ganhos econômicos para os agricultores de cana-de-açúcar.

ABSTRACT Biological agribusiness has grown substantially worldwide and requires efficient strategies to maintain or increase crop production. However, little is known about the real economic gains associated with belowground mechanisms in agriculture, including those of traditional crops such as sugarcane. This study aimed to identify potential microbiological indicators related to yield increase and value the soil microbiological services through the development of a structural equation model (SEM). The SEM was constructed based on a dataset from a previous sugarcane field experiment in which the effects of inoculation with phosphate-solubilizing bacteria (PSB) and the input of organomineral fertilizer were evaluated. The SEM indicated that the β-glucosidase and alkaline phosphatase activities were potential indicators of yield increases in four scenarios (current, plausible, optimistic, and futuristic). Increases of 158 and 195 t ha-1 were projected based on the β-glucosidase activity for the current and plausible scenarios, respectively. These increases resulted in economic gains of R$ 453.02 ha-1 (US$ 86.07 ha-1) for the current scenario, and R$ 1,571.53 ha-1 (US$ 298.59 ha-1) for the plausible scenario, considering the exchange rate from February 2022 (R$ 0.19 US$-1). Regardless of the scenario, bacterial inoculation was associated with increased β-glucosidase or alkaline phosphatase activity and higher yields, which translates into economic gains for sugarcane farmers.

ABSTRACT: Soil enzymes play a fundamental role in nutrient cycling in forest systems. The stoichiometry of C, N, and P–acquiring enzymes has been used to indicate nutrient limitation in the soil. However, the enzymatic stoichiometry remains poorly understood in pure and mixed eucalypt plantations. Thus, this study aims to assess the activity of enzymes in the soil to address the hypothesis that the introduction of N2-fixing trees could influence the enzymatic stoichiometry on C, N, and P cycling. The activity of β-glucosidase (BG), urease (U), and acid phosphatase (AP) was assessed in soil (0-20 cm depth) of pure Eucalyptus grandis without (E) and with N fertilization (E+N), and a mixed system with E. grandis and Acacia mangium (E+A), and a pure A. mangium (A) plantation at 27 and 39 months after planting. The activities of BG/U, BG/AP, and U/AP were used to calculate the enzyme C/N, C/P, and N/P ratios, respectively. Rates of N–acquiring enzymes were higher in E and E+N, while soil microorganisms invested in P–acquiring enzymes in A and E+A. The vector length and angle demonstrated that C demand by microorganisms does not change in relation to N and P, regardless of the treatment. However, N demand decreased in relation to P in A and E+A (mainly at 27 months). Our results suggest that enzymes activity in pure eucalypt systems is limited for their soil-litter nutrient contents. At the same time while acacia and mixed plantation seem to invest in P–acquiring enzymes to improve biological N2 fixation promoted by diazotrophic bacteria associated to acacia.

Resumo Os pilares mistos preenchidos com concreto (PMPC) podem ter a seção transversal classificada em função da esbeltez local do perfil tubular como sendo: esbelta, semicompacta ou compacta. Embora já existam modelos de cálculo para determinação da força axial resistente dos PMPC com seção tubular esbelta, são escassos os estudos sobre a transferência de forças vindas das vigas conectadas a esses pilares. Este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar o processo de desenvolvimento e validação de um modelo numérico para simular o comportamento dos conectores Crestbond aplicados a (PMPC) de seção tubular esbelta, com base em resultados de experimentos realizados. O modelo numérico apresentado pode ser utilizado para o estudo e projeto da transferência de força em pilares de seção esbelta utilizando conectores em chapa conhecidos como composite dowels.

Abstract The cross-section of concrete-filled steel tube (CFST) columns is classified according to the local slenderness of the steel tube as slender, non-compact, or compact. There are analytical models to determine the axial force of locally slender CFST columns, however studies on load transfer from beams connected to these columns are scarce. This paper presents the process of the development and validation of a numerical model to simulate the behavior of Crestbond connectors applied to CFST columns with slender steel tubes, based on the results of experiments carried out. The numerical model presented can be used for the analysis and design of the load transfer in slender columns using connectors known as composite dowels.

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To review observational studies on the association between breastfeeding (BF) practices and head circumference (HC) of children < 2 years old. METHODS A systematic review was conducted using the following electronic databases of health sciences: PubMed, Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences (Lilacs), Web of Science and Scopus. We selected observational studies published in any language from January 01, 2010 to November 19, 2021, from different populations that investigated the association between BF practice and HC among healthy children < 2 years old. Titles and abstracts were screened independently by two evaluators. RESULTS From the 4,229 articles identified, 24 were included in this review: 6 cross-sectional, 17 longitudinal, and 1 case-control. The studies varied in their definition of the variables for BF and in reporting its practice, frequency, duration, and feeding method. Regarding HC, the authors analyzed the mean differences, abnormal values (z-score above + 2SD or below -2SD according to the World Health Organization (WHO) growth standards, 2007), and longitudinal growth parameters. The findings of this review suggest that BF may have a positive relationship with HC at the beginning of life. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that BF, especially exclusive BF, may play a protective role against abnormal HC values in young children. However, more robust evidence with standardized BF indicators and WHO growth standards (2007) are required.

Resumo Introdução: O consumo dos produtos derivados do tabaco, do plantio ao consumo, são responsáveis por graves problemas de saúde, representando um ciclo de doenças, pobreza e mortes em todo o mundo. Esse grave problema de saúde pública levou o Brasil a desenvolver, a partir da década de 80, um conjunto de medidas de controle do tabaco, constituindo uma política com ações legislativas, econômicas, de comunicação e educativas, que tem como alicerce o Programa Nacional de Controle do Tabaco (PNCT). Objetivo Este artigo é um relato de experiência que parte de um estudo nacional desenvolvido entre 2020 e 2022, e descreve atuação através de visitas técnicas junto às coordenações de controle do tabagismo de cinco estados. Método Os estados foram selecionados mediante a critérios estabelecidos pela Ditab/INCA, que coordena a rede do Programa Estadual de Controle do Tabagismo (PECT) nos 26 estados e Distrito Federal. Desta forma, foi escolhido um estado de cada região: Tocantins (Norte), Paraíba (Nordeste), Goiás (Centro-Oeste), Rio de Janeiro (Sudeste) e Paraná (Sul). Resultados Foi desenvolvido um conjunto de práticas que possam potencializar, aprimorar e agregar ações técnicas, políticas, de comunicação, dentre outras, de modo a dar sustentabilidade ao Programa Estadual e de maneira mais ampla, o PNCT.

Abstract Introduction The consumption of tobacco products, from planting to consumption, is responsible for serious health problems, representing a cycle of diseases, poverty and deaths worldwide. This serious public health problem led Brazil to develop, from the 1980s onwards, a set of tobacco control measures, constituting a policy with legislative, economic, communication and educational actions, which has as its foundation the National Program for Control of Tobacco. Tobacco (PNCT). Objective This article is an experience report that is part of a national study carried out between 2020 and 2022, and describes actions through technical visits to tobacco control coordination offices in five states. Method The states were selected according to criteria established by Ditab/INCA, which coordinates the network of the State Program for Tobacco Control (PECT) in the 26 States and Federative Unit of the country. Thus, a State of each region was chosen: Tocantins (North), Paraíba (Northeast), Goiás (Midwest), Rio de Janeiro (Southeast) and Paraná (South). Results Practices were developed to enhance, improve and add technical, political, communication actions, among others, in order to give sustainability to the State Program and, more broadly, the PNCT.

Abstract Among the Neotropical fish fauna, suckermouth armored catfishes (Hypostomus - Loricariidae) stands out as one of the most difficult groups to diagnose morphologically. So the use of different molecular markers, as is the case of cytogenetics, has been fundamental for a precise identification of some species. In the present study, we characterize the karyotypes of two allopatric Hypostomus spiniger populations, using classical and molecular cytogenetic methods. This species was described by Hensel (1870) but later synonymized with Hypostomus commersoni, and recently it was again recognized as a valid species. Taking to account this taxonomic problematic, the aim of this study is to determine chromosomal characters that may be useful to validate the taxonomic status of H. spiniger and to complement its diagnosis in relation to H. commersoni populations. The karyotype of H. spiniger is composed by 66 chromosomes (10m+16sm+14st+26a), few heterochromatin and a multiple nucleolar organizer regions (NORs) system. Despite, the currently geographic isolation among the samples collected in Forquetinha River (Patos Lagoon basin) and Quadros Lagoon (Tramandaí River basin), both shared the same karyotypic structure, this cytogenetic evidence, suggest that both populations belongs to the same species. Additionally, our results clearly distinguish H. spiniger from H. commersoni populations collected along the Paraná River basin, that exhibited 2n=68 chromosomes and several divergences in heterochromatin and NORs pattern. In sum, the present study reinforces the valid status of H. spiniger and demonstrated the importance of basic cytogenetic analysis to understand conflictuous taxonomic matters.

ABSTRACT Objective: To know the experience of health care professionals about telemedicine in a supplementary health service. Method: This is a qualitative study carried out in a health clinic in the city of São Paulo with 12 participants selected through intentional sampling. Data collection took place through semi-structured interviews and data processing followed the methodological framework of Bardin content analysis. Results: The speeches that emerged addressed telemedicine in the context of professional training, the care modalities carried out through digital technologies, the benefits and challenges identified in the practice of telemedicine for work and care processes. Conclusion: The need for public policies and training was identified, aimed at improving understanding of digital health, its modalities and potential in care, teaching and research environments and in health organizations, aligned with training for the use of telemedicine as the one that qualifies the care provided by health professionals.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Conocer la experiencia de los profesionales sanitarios sobre la telesalud en un servicio complementario de salud. Método: Investigación cualitativa realizada en un ambulatorio de la ciudad de São Paulo con 12 participantes seleccionados por muestreo intencional. La recopilación de datos se realizó mediante entrevistas semiestructuradas y el tratamiento de los datos siguió el marco metodológico del análisis de contenido de Bardin. Resultados: Los discursos emergentes abordaron la telesalud en el contexto de la formación profesional, las modalidades de atención realizadas mediante tecnologías digitales, los beneficios y desafíos identificados en la práctica de la telesalud para los procesos de trabajo y de atención. Conclusión: Se identificó la necesidad de políticas públicas y de formación destinadas a mejorar la comprensión sobre la salud digital, sus modalidades y potencialidades en entornos asistenciales, en entornos de docencia e investigación y en las organizaciones sanitarias, alineadas con la formación para el uso de la telesalud como herramienta que cualifica la atención ofrecida por los profesionales de la salud.

RESUMO Objetivo: Conhecer a experiência de profissionais de saúde acerca da telessaúde em um serviço de saúde suplementar. Método: Pesquisa de natureza qualitativa realizada em um ambulatório de saúde no município de São Paulo com 12 participantes selecionados por meio de amostragem intencional. A coleta de dados ocorreu por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas e o processamento dos dados seguiu o referencial metodológico da análise de conteúdo de Bardin. Resultados: Os discursos emergidos abordaram a telessaúde no contexto de formação profissional, as modalidades de cuidado realizadas por meio de tecnologias digitais, os benefícios e desafios identificados na prática da telessaúde para os processos de trabalho e de cuidar. Conclusão: Identificou-se a necessidade de políticas públicas e de formação voltadas a melhorar a compreensão quanto à saúde digital, suas modalidades e potencialidades nos ambientes assistenciais, de ensino e pesquisa e das organizações de saúde, alinhadas à formação para o uso da telessaúde como aquela que qualifica o cuidado ofertado pelos profissionais de saúde.

ABSTRACT The Caatinga biome in Brazil comprises the largest and most continuous expanse of the seasonally dry tropical forest (SDTF) worldwide; nevertheless, it is among the most threatened and least studied, despite its ecological and biogeographical importance. The spatial distribution of volumetric wood stocks in the Caatinga and the relationship with environmental factors remain unknown. Therefore, this study intends to quantify and analyze the spatial distribution of wood volume as a function of environmental variables in Caatinga vegetation in Bahia State, Brazil. Volumetric estimates were obtained at the plot and fragment level. The multiple linear regression techniques were adopted, using environmental variables in the area as predictors. Spatial modeling was performed using the geostatistical kriging approach with the model residuals. The model developed presented a reasonable fit for the volume m3 ha with r2 of 0.54 and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) of 10.9 m3 ha–1. The kriging of ordinary residuals suggested low error estimates in unsampled locations and balance in the under and overestimates of the model. The regression kriging approach provided greater detailing of the global wood volume stock map, yielding volume estimates that ranged from 0.01 to 109 m3 ha–1. Elevation, mean annual temperature, and precipitation of the driest month are strong environmental predictors for volume estimation. This information is necessary to development action plans for sustainable management and use of the Caatinga SDTF in Bahia State, Brazil.

ABSTRACT Objective: to describe the implementation of the Patient Classification System and the dimensioning of the nursing staff in a pediatric inpatient unit. Method: a descriptive, cross-sectional, and retrospective study, carried out at a university hospital in the Midwest of Brazil. After the implementation of the Pediatric Patient Classification System, we compiled data from the classifications of the level of care complexity (N=4,639) among patients (n=608) admitted from January to December 2019. Descriptive statistical analysis was employed, including proprietary methodology for staff sizing. Results: there was a prevalence of intermediate care patients. According to the staff dimensioning, there was a surplus (+10) of mid-level workers, and the projected number of nurses (six) was compatible with the available number. Conclusion: the strategic implementation/employment of the Patient Classification System was indispensable for the pediatric nursing staffing forecast, considering that the staffing surplus found should be appreciated with caution.

RESUMEN Objetivo: describir la implantación del Sistema de Clasificación de Pacientes y el dimensionamiento del personal de enfermería en una unidad de hospitalización pediátrica. Método: estudio descriptivo, transversal, retrospectivo, realizado en un hospital universitario del Centro-Oeste de Brasil. Tras la implantación del Sistema de Clasificación de Pacientes Pediátricos, se recopilaron los datos de las clasificaciones del nivel de complejidad asistencial (N=4.639) entre los pacientes (n=608) ingresados de enero a diciembre de 2019. Se utilizó el análisis estadístico descriptivo, incluida nuestra propia metodología de dimensionamiento del personal. Resultados: prevalencia de pacientes de cuidados intermedios. En cuanto a la dimensión del personal, se constató un superávit (+10) de trabajadores de nivel medio, y el número de enfermeros proyectado (seis) era compatible con el disponible. Conclusión: la implementación/empleo estratégico del Sistema de Clasificación de Pacientes fue indispensable para la previsión del personal de enfermería pediátrica, considerando que el excedente de personal encontrado debe ser apreciado con cautela.

RESUMO Objetivo: descrever a implantação do Sistema de Classificação de Pacientes e o dimensionamento do pessoal de enfermagem em unidade de internação pediátrica. Método: estudo descritivo, transversal e retrospectivo, realizado em um hospital universitário do Centro-Oeste do Brasil. Depois da implantação do Sistema de Classificação de Pacientes pediátricos, compilaram-se dados das classificações do nível de complexidade assistencial (N=4.639) entre pacientes (n=608) internados de janeiro a dezembro de 2019. Empregou-se análise estatística descritiva, incluindo metodologia própria para dimensionamento de pessoal. Resultados: houve prevalência de pacientes de cuidados intermediários. Pelo dimensionamento do pessoal, constatou-se superávit (+10) de trabalhadores de nível médio, e o quantitativo de enfermeiros projetado (seis) era compatível com o disponível. Conclusão: a implantação/emprego estratégico do Sistema de Classificação de Pacientes foi indispensável para a previsão de pessoal de enfermagem pediátrica, considerando que o superávit de pessoal constatado deve ser apreciado com cautela.

Abstract Objectives Evidence suggests that ketamine’s influence on brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) might be involved in its mechanism of rapid antidepressant action. We aimed to evaluate the differential impact of ketamine and esketamine on serum BDNF levels and its association with response patterns in treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Methods Participants (n = 53) are from a randomized, double-blind clinical trial comparing the efficacy of single-dose ketamine (0.5mg/kg, n = 27) and esketamine (0.25mg/kg, n = 26) in TRD. Depression severity was assessed before and 24 hours, 72 hours, and 7 days after the intervention, using the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS). Blood samples were collected before infusion, 24 hours, and 7 days afterwards. Results There were no significant changes in BDNF levels at post-infusion evaluation points, and no difference in BDNF levels comparing ketamine and esketamine. Both drugs exhibited similar therapeutic effect. There was no association between BDNF levels and response to treatment or severity of depressive symptoms. Conclusion There was no significant treatment impact on BDNF serum levels – neither with ketamine nor esketamine – despite therapeutic response. These results suggest that ketamine or esketamine intervention for TRD has no impact on BDNF levels measured at 24 hours and 7 days after the infusion. This clinical trial is registered on the Japan Primary Registries Network: UMIN000032355.

Abstract The field of Psychological Assessment (PA) in Brazil faced changes in the last two decades. Since the development of Psychology has been historically uneven between the regions of the country, this study aimed to assess the practices, academic training, and knowledge of psychologists from the state of Maranhão on psychological assessment. 124 psychologists with active registration in the Regional Council of Psychology of Maranhão participated responding to a structured interview script prepared for this study. The results show that most claim to perform PA in their professional practice; that interview is the most used technique and it is considered the most important for the process; that there are indications of progress in PA training in the state of Maranhão, but some difficulties remain regarding the comprehension of psychometric concepts and the insertion of PA practices in the daily work of psychologists.

Resumen Las ultimas dos décadas trajeron cambios para el campo de la Evaluación Psicológica (EP) en Brasil. Considerando que históricamente el desarrollo de la Psicología fue desigual entre las regiones del país, este estudio tuvo como objetivo investigar las prácticas, la formación y el conocimiento de psicólogos del estado de Maranhão sobre evaluación psicológica. Participaron 124 psicólogos con matrícula activa en el Consejo Regional de Psicología de Maranhão, que respondieron a un guión estructurado de entrevista elaborado para este estudio. Los resultados mostraron que: la mayoría afirma realizar EP en su práctica professional; la entrevista es la técnica mas usada y considerada mas importante para el processo; hay indicios de avances en la formación en EP en el estado de Maranhão, pero permanecen dificultades en relación a la comprensión de conceptos psicométricos y en la inserción de las prácticas de EP en el día a día del trabajo de los psicólogos.

Resumo As últimas duas décadas trouxeram mudanças para o campo da Avaliação Psicológica (AP) no Brasil. Considerando que historicamente o desenvolvimento da Psicologia foi desigual entre as regiões do país, este estudo teve como objetivo investigar as práticas, a formação e o conhecimento de psicólogos maranhenses sobre avaliação psicológica. Participaram 124 psicólogos com registro ativo no Conselho Regional de Psicologia do Maranhão, que responderam a um roteiro estruturado de entrevista elaborado para este estudo. Os resultados mostraram que a maioria afirma realizar AP na sua prática profissional, que entrevista é a técnica mais usada e considerada mais importante para o processo, que há indícios de avanço na formação em AP no estado do Maranhão, mas que permanecem dificuldades em relação à compreensão de conceitos psicométricos e na inserção das práticas de AP no dia a dia do trabalho dos psicólogos.

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To review observational studies on the association between breastfeeding (BF) practices and head circumference (HC) of children < 2 years old. METHODS A systematic review was conducted using the following electronic databases of health sciences: PubMed, Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences (Lilacs), Web of Science and Scopus. We selected observational studies published in any language from January 01, 2010 to November 19, 2021, from different populations that investigated the association between BF practice and HC among healthy children < 2 years old. Titles and abstracts were screened independently by two evaluators. RESULTS From the 4,229 articles identified, 24 were included in this review: 6 cross-sectional, 17 longitudinal, and 1 case-control. The studies varied in their definition of the variables for BF and in reporting its practice, frequency, duration, and feeding method. Regarding HC, the authors analyzed the mean differences, abnormal values (z-score above + 2SD or below -2SD according to the World Health Organization (WHO) growth standards, 2007), and longitudinal growth parameters. The findings of this review suggest that BF may have a positive relationship with HC at the beginning of life. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that BF, especially exclusive BF, may play a protective role against abnormal HC values in young children. However, more robust evidence with standardized BF indicators and WHO growth standards (2007) are required.