Abstract Background Dental anesthetic management in implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) recipients with cardiac channelopathies (CCh) can be challenging due to the potential risk of life-threatening arrhythmias and appropriate ICD therapies during procedural time. Objectives The present study assessed the hypothesis that the use of local dental anesthesia with 2% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine or without a vasoconstrictor can be safe in selected ICD and CCh patients, not resulting in life-threatening events (LTE). Methods Restorative dental treatment under local dental anesthesia was made in two sessions, with a wash-out period of 7 days (cross-over trial), conducting with a 28h - Holter monitoring, and 12-lead electrocardiography, digital sphygmomanometry, and anxiety scale assessments in 3 time periods. Statistical analysis carried out the paired Student’s t test and the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. In all cases, a significance level of 5% was adopted. All patients were in stable condition with no recent events before dental care. Results Twenty-four consecutive procedures were performed in 12 patients (9 women, 3 men) with CCh and ICD: 7 (58.3%) had long QT syndrome (LQTS), 4 (33.3%) Brugada syndrome (BrS), and 1 (8.3%) Catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (CPVT). Holter analysis showed no increased heart rate (HR) or sustained arrhythmias. Blood pressure (BP), electrocardiographic changes and anxiety measurement showed no statistically significant differences. No LTE occurred during dental treatment, regardless of the type of anesthesia. Conclusion Lidocaine administration, with or without epinephrine, can be safely used in selected CCh-ICD patients without LTE. These preliminary findings need to be confirmed in a larger population with ICD and CCh.

ABSTRACT A new species of Mahabalella B. Sutton & S. D. Patil was isolated from decaying leaves of an unidentified plant, during a survey in the Charles Darwin Ecological Refuge in Igarassu, Pernambuco, Brazil, in June 2018. The new species is morphologically distinguishable from the other Mahabalella species by the size of their conidia, conidiogenous cells and setae. In this study, the morphological descriptions, illustrations and cultural characteristics for Mahabalella pernambucana are provided, as well as a key to species of this genus. Total DNA from the isolate was extracted, and four genes were partially sequenced (nLSU, ITS cluster, TEF1 alpha, and beta tubulin). Based on the nLSU analysis, the phylogenetic position of the new species was determined within the Sordariomycetes, Ascomycota, as a sister genus to Neotracylla, in the Tracyllaceae family.

Abstract The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of three dehydration/rehydration cycles on the vegetative growth and shoot dry matter of citrus seedlings, as well as seedling acclimatization to this environmental stress. The five following water regimes were evaluated: WR1 (control), WR2, and WR3, with plants kept at 100, 75, and 50% of pot capacity during the three cycles, respectively; and WR4 and WR5, with plants kept at 75, 100, and 75% and 50, 100, and 50% of pot capacity during the first, second, and third cycles, respectively. Relative water content, plant height, length and diameter of the main and secondary branches, angle of leaf insertion in the branch, specific leaf area, leaf chlorophyll content, and dry matter were evaluated. Rehydration after a cycle with 50% of pot capacity did not improve plant growth or dry matter accumulation in relation to the well-hydrated plants of the control. However, after a cycle with 75% of pot capacity, rehydration restores water content, the diameter of the secondary branches, and the angle of leaf insertion. The exposure to successive events of dehydration/rehydration makes the citrus seedlings more resistant to future exposures to water stress.

Resumo O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito de três ciclos consecutivos de desidratação/reidratação no crescimento vegetativo e na matéria seca de mudas de citros, bem como a aclimatação dessas mudas a esse estresse ambiental. Foram avaliados os seguintes cinco regimes hídricos: WR1 (controle), WR2 e WR3, com plantas mantidas em 100, 75 e 50% da capacidade de vaso durante os três ciclos, respectivamente; e WR4 e WR5, com plantas mantidas em 75, 100 e 75% e 50, 100 e 50% da capacidade de vaso durante o primeiro, o segundo e o terceiro ciclo, respectivamente. Foram avaliados teor relativo de água, altura da planta, comprimento e diâmetro dos ramos principal e secundário, ângulo de inserção da folha no ramo, área foliar específica, teor de clorofila foliar e matéria seca. A reidratação após um ciclo com 50% da capacidade do vaso não aumentou o crescimento nem o acúmulo de matéria seca das plantas, em comparação às plantas bem hidratadas do controle. Porém, após um ciclo com 75% da capacidade do vaso, a reidratação repôs o teor de água, o diâmetro dos ramos secundários e o ângulo de inserção das folhas. A exposição a sucessivos eventos de desidratação/reidratação torna as mudas de citros mais resistentes a futuras exposições ao estresse hídrico.

Resumo Introdução A esclerose lateral amiotrófica é a doença do neurônio motor mais comum nos adultos, a despeito da baixa incidência e da raridade. É uma doença neurodegenerativa na qual a disfagia é um sintoma comum e debilitante. A disfagia pode ser avaliada por exames complementares como a videoendoscopia da deglutição e testes de força de língua, uma vez que se trata de um dos principais músculos envolvidos na deglutição. Objetivo Comparar os resultados da força e resistência da língua aferidos pelo Iowa Oral Performance Instrument com os achados do exame à videoendoscopia da deglutição, em pacientes acometidos por esclerose lateral amiotrófica. Método Estudo transversal, feito em um hospital terciário especializado em tratamento e reabilitação. Vinte e cinco pacientes com diagnóstico de esclerose lateral amiotrófica foram submetidos a questionários de disfagia, exame de videoendoscopia da deglutição e teste de força e resistência de língua com o Iowa Oral Performance Instrument para avaliar a presença de disfagia. Resultado Quarenta e oito por cento da amostra apresentavam disfagia à videoendoscopia da deglutição e 76% apresentavam teste de força de língua alterado. Noventa por cento dos pacientes com disfagia apresentaram pressão de língua média inferior a 34,2 KPa. O teste de força de língua apresentou sensibilidade de 91,67% e especificidade de 38,46% e acurácia de 64%. Houve relação estatisticamente significante entre força da língua e disfagia e entre resistência da língua e disfagia. Conclusão Testes de força de língua, como o Iowa Oral Performance Instrument, mostrou‐se eficaz para avaliar disfagia, mostrou sua associação com a força e resistência da língua. Esse resultado deve fomentar a feitura de novas pesquisas para facilitar o diagnóstico precoce da disfagia.

Abstract Introduction Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is the most common motor neuron disease in adults despite it being rare. It is a neurodegenerative disease in which dysphagia is a common and debilitating symptom. Dysphagia can be assessed by complementary exams, such as fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing and the tongue strength test, as this is one of the main muscles involved in swallowing. Objective To compare the results of tongue strength and endurance measured by the Iowa oral performance instrument with the findings of the fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing examination in patients affected by amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Methods Cross-sectional study, carried out in a tertiary hospital specialized in treatment and rehabilitation. Twenty-five patients diagnosed with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis underwent dysphagia questionnaires, fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing examination and tongue strength and resistance test with the Iowa oral performance instrument to assess the presence of dysphagia. Results Forty-eight percent of the sample had dysphagia at the fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing and 76% had an altered tongue strength test. Ninety percent of patients with dysphagia had an average tongue pressure lower than 34.2 KPa. The tongue strength test showed sensitivity of 91.67% and specificity of 38.46% and accuracy of 64%. There was a statistically significant relationship between tongue strength and dysphagia and between tongue resistance and dysphagia. Conclusion Tongue strength tests, such as the Iowa oral performance instrument, proved to be effective in assessing dysphagia. This result should encourage further research to facilitate the early diagnosis of dysphagia.

RESUMO Antecedentes: O acidente vascular cerebral (AVC) é um problema de saúde pública. Nos casos de AVC isquêmico, a trombólise venosa e a trombectomia mecânica são efetivas opções terapêuticas de fase aguda. Entretanto, mesmo com a Diretriz Nacional de AVC publicada desde 2012, o número de casos tratados ainda é baixo. Objetivo: Apurar os fatores determinantes para o acesso às terapias de fase aguda na realidade espírito-santense e investigar o perfil dos pacientes de AVC atendidos no Hospital Estadual Central de Vitória (HEC). Métodos: O presente estudo analisou dados retrospectivos de prontuários de 1.078 pacientes no período de maio de 2018 a dezembro de 2019. Resultados: Dos 1.078 pacientes, 54,9% eram homens e a faixa etária mais prevalente foi a de 60 a 79 anos. A hipertensão arterial sistêmica foi o principal fator de risco isolado. Quanto ao tratamento, identificou-se que entre os pacientes que chegaram ao HEC na janela terapêutica 47% receberam terapia de fase aguda e que acordar com o déficit foi a principal contraindicação para trombólise venosa nesses casos. Conclusões: As análises demonstraram que a aplicação do fluxograma estabelecido pela Secretaria de Estado da Saúde do Espírito Santo parece ser eficaz na agilidade de atendimento das vítimas de AVC e que o Serviço de Atendimento Móvel de Urgência tem um papel fundamental nesse processo. Além disso, a assistência de um centro terciário de AVC permite acesso às terapias de fase aguda com excelência. Todavia, mesmo que o modelo de serviço prestado no HEC seja eficiente, ele atinge no máximo 50% da população do ES, sendo necessária a sua ampliação.

ABSTRACT Background: Stroke is a public health problem. For patients with ischemic stroke, venous thrombolysis and mechanical thrombectomy are effective therapeutic options. However, even after the National Stroke Treatment Guidelines were published in 2012, the number of cases treated is still lower than expected. Objective: To identify the determining factors for obtaining access to acute-phase therapies in the state of Espírito Santo (ES) and investigate the profile of stroke patients treated at the Central State Hospital (HEC). Methods: Retrospective data from the medical records of 1078 patients from May 2018 to December 2019 were analyzed. Results: Among the 1,078 patients, 54.9% were men and the most prevalent age group was 60 to 79 years. Systemic arterial hypertension was the main single risk factor. Regarding treatment modality among the patients who arrived at the HEC within the therapeutic window, 47% received some type of acute-phase therapy. Waking up with the deficit was the main contraindication for venous thrombolysis in these cases. Conclusions: Application of the flowchart established by SESA-ES seemed to be effective for enabling responsiveness of care for stroke victims. Public emergency transport services had a fundamental role in this process. In addition, the care provided by the tertiary stroke center provided excellent access to acute-phase therapies. However, despite the efficiency of the service provided at the HEC, it only reached a maximum of 50% of the ES population. This service model therefore needs to be expanded throughout the state.

ABSTRACT Salinity is recognized as one of the main abiotic stresses, causing declines in the productivity of many crops, such as rice. Considering the importance of rice as a staple food crop, the generalized pattern of salinization in soils around the globe and the sensitivity of the crop to saline soils, the aim of this study was to evaluate the sensitivity / tolerance of upland rice lines. The upland rice lines used in this work were obtained from the Genetic Improvement Program of the Universidade Federal de Lavras. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse, with a block design and factorial scheme, with 10 lines and four NaCl treatments (0, 3, 15 and 45 mmol·L-1) on the substrate. Parameters related to the emergence rate, seedling survival rate, growth and architecture, biomass allocation, gas exchange and productivity were evaluated. Salinity levels influenced the emergence and survival rates, especially at the highest levels of NaCl, with lines L1, L4 and L5 showing survival below 60%. These lines were excluded from the experiment, and the other seven lines were carried out until the end of the crop cycle. Grain weight per plant (GWP) was used as an indicator of greater tolerance to salinity, and lines L6, L7 and L8 showed outstanding performance under treatments with increased NaCl. L6 had the highest GWP, while L7 and L8 had less pronounced decreases with increasing NaCl doses. These three lines may be recommended for further studies about the impacts of NaCl on rice production.

ABSTRACT Brejos de Altitude are enclaves of higher altitude humid forests in the semiarid lowlands of the North-eastern of Brazil. They present unique characteristics in terms of soil and air humidity, temperature, vegetation cover, and biodiversity. Due to these conditions, many cattle ranchers and farmers develop activities that have caused habitat loss and fragmentation of biodiversity. In this study, we aimed to describe the diversity of conidial fungi that occur in the leaf litter of the riparian vegetation in a Brejo de Altitude in Pernambuco, Brazil. Decomposing leaf material was collected from the forest floor in the dry and rainy periods of 2019, incubated in moist chambers and observed daily for fungal structures, for up to 45 days, under dissecting microscope and light microscope. Eighty-four taxa of fungi were identified, totaling 335 occurrences. The air and soil temperature, and precipitation showed an influence on the fungal community. Species richness was greater in the dry period and abundance was greater in the rainy period. The multivariate analyses revealed differences in the conidial fungi community between the dry and rainy periods. A high richness of leaf litter conidial fungal was uncovered in this area of humid forest surrounded by the semiarid vegetation of Caatinga.

RESUMEN Las características de la anatomía de la hoja proporcionan evidencias importantes sobre la transición entre las vías C3 y C4. La fotosíntesis C4 surgió para reducir la tasa de fotorrespiración C3, concentrando el CO2 alrededor del sitio de la Rubisco y utilizando estructuras y maquinaria ya presentes en las plantas C3. En monocotiledóneas, se observa un alto número de linajes C4, la mayoría de ellas filogenéticamente relacionadas con grupos C3. El género C3 Apochloa, que pertenece a la subtribu Arthropogoninae, está relacionado con dos géneros C4 Coleataenia and Cyphonanthus. En este contexto, el objetivo fue evaluar cuatro especies de Apochloa para establecer las características anatómicas relacionadas con la evolución de la via C4 en este grupo. Se colectaron hojas completamente expandidas de A. euprepes, A. lorea, A. molinioides y A. poliophylla y se determinaron las características de las células del mesófilo (M) y del haz de la vaina (HV) a partir de secciones transversales de la hoja. Las especies presentaron una anatomía rústica de Kranz con células HV agrandadas y de distribución radial, con pocas organelas organizadas en posición centrífuga. Aunque las modificaciones de las células HV están probablemente relacionadas con el mantenimiento del estado hídrico de la planta, se puede inferir que facilitan el establecimiento de la fotosíntesis en los géneros C4 relacionados.

ABSTRACT Leaf anatomy characteristics provide important evidences about the transition between C3 and C4 pathways. The C4 photosynthesis pathway allowed to reduce the C3 photorespiratory rate, concentrating CO2 around the Rubisco site and using structures and machinery already presented in C3 plants. In monocots, it is observed a high number of C4 lineages, most of them phylogenetically related to C3 groups. The genus Apochloa (C3), subtribe Arthropogoninae, is related to two C4 genera Coleataenia and Cyphonanthus. The aim of this study was to evaluate four Apochloa species in order to establish anatomical characteristics related to the evolution of C4 pathway in this group. By means of transverse sections fully expanded leaves of A. euprepes, A. lorea, A. molinioides, and A. poliophylla were collected and the characteristics of the mesophyll (M) and bundle sheath (BS) cells were determined. These species showed a rustic Kranz anatomy with enlarged and radial arranged BS cells, which have few organelles organized in a centrifugal position. Although the modifications of BS cells are probably related to the maintenance of plant water status, we also discuss the evolution for the establishment of C4 photosynthesis in the related C4 genera.

Resumo: Objetivo A Mata Atlântica é um bioma brasileiro cuja biota desempenha um papel fundamental na preservação da qualidade da água. Os hifomicetos têm um papel importante nos ecossistemas aquáticos, pois são capazes de decompor a matéria orgânica e, consequentemente, contribuem com a ciclagem de nutrientes, mantendo a vida aquática. O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar a diversidade e composição da comunidade de hifomicetos aquáticos em duas áreas de Mata Atlântica no estado de Pernambuco (Refúgio Ecológico de Charles Darwin) e Alagoas (Reserva Biológica de Pedra Talhada), além de comparar essas comunidades com os fatores abióticos da água. Métodos Para isso, foram realizadas quatro coletas de folhas submersas em decomposição, para avaliação da comunidade de fungos, e água para aferição dos parâmetros: acidez, alcalinidade, cloretos, condutividade elétrica, coliformes totais, cor, DBO, DQO, OD, nitrogênio total, pH, sólidos totais, sulfatos, temperatura e turbidez, e cálculo do Índice de Qualidade da Água (IQA). As coletas foram realizadas entre julho/2018 e maio/2019, em seis pontos ao longo de um riacho em cada área de estudo. Resultados Foram identificados 53 táxons e registradas 1926 ocorrências em 2592 fragmentos foliares. Houve predomínio de Blodgettia aquatica, Blodgettia indica, Flagellospora penicillioides, Flagellospora sp., Mycoleptodiscus disciformis, Triscelophorus monosporus e Xylomyces acerosisporus, havendo similaridade dessas e de outras espécies entres as áreas estudadas. No período chuvoso houve maior ocorrência de hifomicetos aquáticos nas duas áreas, porém, a diversidade de fungos foi maior no Refúgio Charles Darwin. Fatores abióticos como temperatura, OD e pluviosidade influenciam na ocorrência de hifomicetos, no entanto, nenhuma estrutura de comunidade foi detectada ou fortemente correlacionada com as variáveis abióticas estudadas. Conclusões As áreas apresentaram valores adequados para as variáveis indicativas da qualidade da água e alta riqueza de espécies de hifomicetos, demonstrando a importância da proteção legal para conservação de áreas naturais.

Abstract: Aim The Atlantic Forest is a Brazilian biome whose biota plays a fundamental role in the preservation of water quality. Hyphomycetes play an important role in aquatic ecosystems as they can decompose organic matter and, consequently, contribute to nutrient cycling, maintaining aquatic life. The aim of this work was to determine the diversity and composition of the aquatic hyphomycetes community in two areas of Atlantic Forest in the state of Pernambuco (Charles Darwin Ecological Refuge) and Alagoas (Pedra Talhada Biological Reserve), in addition to comparing these communities with the water abiotic factors. Methods For this, four collections of submerged decomposing leaves, for evaluation of the fungi community, and water for measuring the parameters: acidity, alkalinity, chlorides, electrical conductivity, total coliforms, color, BOD, COD, DO, total nitrogen, pH, total solids, sulfates, temperature and turbidity, and calculation of the Water Quality Index (WQI) were carried out. The samplings took place between July/2018 and May/2019, at six points along a stream in each study area. Results Fifty-three taxa were identified, and 1926 occurrences were recorded in 2592 leaf fragments. There was a predominance of Blodgettia aquatica, Blodgettia indica, Flagellospora penicillioides, Flagellospora sp., Mycoleptodiscus disciformis, Triscelophorus monosporus and Xylomyces acerosisporus, with similarity of these and other species between the studied areas. In the rainy season, there was a greater occurrence of aquatic hyphomycetes in both areas; however, the diversity of fungi was greater in the Charles Darwin Refuge. Abiotic factors such as temperature, DO and rainfall influence the occurrence of hyphomycetes, however, no community structure was detected or strongly correlated with the studied abiotic variables. Conclusions The areas presented adequate values for the variables indicative of water quality and high richness of hyphomycetes species, demonstrating the importance of legal protection for the conservation of natural areas.

RESUMO Objetivo: avaliar a reação e o comportamento das enfermeiras após treinamento para utilização de tecnologia educativa na promoção da alimentação infantil saudável. Método: estudo piloto avaliativo, descritivo e de abordagem quantitativa, realizado em 2014 com oito enfermeiras na zona rural do Ceará, Brasil, por meio de oficina de treinamento e capacitação para utilização do álbum seriado Alimentos regionais promovendo a segurança alimentar na promoção da alimentação infantil saudável. Resultados: a avaliação de reação das enfermeiras à oficina sinaliza que todas (100%) ficaram satisfeitas com o treinamento. Na avaliação de comportamento, mais da metade das enfermeiras obtiveram desempenho dentro do esperado na aplicação das ilustrações do álbum seriado, sendo sete delas (87,5%) consideradas aptas para utilizar o álbum seriado. Conclusão: o treinamento foi considerado eficaz, evidenciado por reação satisfatória das enfermeiras e capacitação da maioria delas para usar a tecnologia educativa na promoção da alimentação infantil saudável.

ABSTRACT Objective: to assess the reaction and behavior of nurses after training on the use of educational tool to promote heathy nutrition to children. Method: pilot assessment study, of descriptive and quantitative approach, carried out in 2014 with eight nurses from the rural area of Ceará, Brazil, by observing a training workshop on the use of the serial album "Alimentos regionais: promovendo a segurança alimentar na promoção da alimentação infantil saudável" [Regional food: promoting food safety through child healthy feeding]. Results: the analysis of the reaction of nurses to the workshop showed that all of them (100%) were satisfied with the training. In behavior analysis, more than a half of the nurses have achieved the expected performance when implementing the illustrations of the serial album, seven of them (87.5%) being considered able to use the serial album. Conclusion: the training was considered effective, as all the participant nurses were satisfied and most of them considered capable of using the educational tool in promoting child healthy feeding.

RESUMEN Objetivo: evaluar la reacción y el comportamiento de las enfermeras tras entrenamiento para la utilización de tecnología educativa en la promoción de la alimentación infantil sana. Método: estudio piloto evaluativo, descriptivo y de abordaje cuantitativo, realizado en 2014 con ocho enfermeras en la zona rural de Ceará, Brasil, por medio de taller de entrenamiento y capacitación para utilización del rotafolio «Alimentos regionais promovendo a segurança alimentar» en la promoción de la alimentación infantil saludable. Resultados: la evaluación de reacción de las enfermeras al taller señala que todas (100%) quedaron satisfechas con el entrenamiento. En la evaluación de comportamiento, más de la mitad de las enfermeras obtuvieron desempeño dentro de lo esperado en la aplicación de las ilustraciones del rotafolio, siendo siete de ellas (87,5%) consideradas aptas para utilizarlo. Conclusión: el entrenamiento fue considerado eficaz, evidenciado por reacción satisfactoria de las enfermeras y de la capacitación de la mayoría de ellas para usar la tecnología educativa en la promoción de la alimentación infantil sana.

ABSTRACT Objective: to assess the reaction and behavior of nurses after training on the use of educational tool to promote heathy nutrition to children. Method: pilot assessment study, of descriptive and quantitative approach, carried out in 2014 with eight nurses from the rural area of Ceará, Brazil, by observing a training workshop on the use of the serial album "Alimentos regionais: promovendo a segurança alimentar na promoção da alimentação infantil saudável" [Regional food: promoting food safety through child healthy feeding]. Results: the analysis of the reaction of nurses to the workshop showed that all of them (100%) were satisfied with the training. In behavior analysis, more than a half of the nurses have achieved the expected performance when implementing the illustrations of the serial album, seven of them (87.5%) being considered able to use the serial album. Conclusion: the training was considered effective, as all the participant nurses were satisfied and most of them considered capable of using the educational tool in promoting child healthy feeding.

RESUMEN Objetivo: evaluar la reacción y el comportamiento de las enfermeras tras entrenamiento para la utilización de tecnología educativa en la promoción de la alimentación infantil sana. Método: estudio piloto evaluativo, descriptivo y de abordaje cuantitativo, realizado en 2014 con ocho enfermeras en la zona rural de Ceará, Brasil, por medio de taller de entrenamiento y capacitación para utilización del rotafolio «Alimentos regionais promovendo a segurança alimentar» en la promoción de la alimentación infantil saludable. Resultados: la evaluación de reacción de las enfermeras al taller señala que todas (100%) quedaron satisfechas con el entrenamiento. En la evaluación de comportamiento, más de la mitad de las enfermeras obtuvieron desempeño dentro de lo esperado en la aplicación de las ilustraciones del rotafolio, siendo siete de ellas (87,5%) consideradas aptas para utilizarlo. Conclusión: el entrenamiento fue considerado eficaz, evidenciado por reacción satisfactoria de las enfermeras y de la capacitación de la mayoría de ellas para usar la tecnología educativa en la promoción de la alimentación infantil sana.

RESUMO Objetivo: avaliar a reação e o comportamento das enfermeiras após treinamento para utilização de tecnologia educativa na promoção da alimentação infantil saudável. Método: estudo piloto avaliativo, descritivo e de abordagem quantitativa, realizado em 2014 com oito enfermeiras na zona rural do Ceará, Brasil, por meio de oficina de treinamento e capacitação para utilização do álbum seriado Alimentos regionais promovendo a segurança alimentar na promoção da alimentação infantil saudável. Resultados: a avaliação de reação das enfermeiras à oficina sinaliza que todas (100%) ficaram satisfeitas com o treinamento. Na avaliação de comportamento, mais da metade das enfermeiras obtiveram desempenho dentro do esperado na aplicação das ilustrações do álbum seriado, sendo sete delas (87,5%) consideradas aptas para utilizar o álbum seriado. Conclusão: o treinamento foi considerado eficaz, evidenciado por reação satisfatória das enfermeiras e capacitação da maioria delas para usar a tecnologia educativa na promoção da alimentação infantil saudável.

ABSTRACT The heterogeneous light pattern in forest environments leads to specific morphological and physiological responses. However, anthropogenic pressures in areas such as Atlantic Forest and Cerrado are modifying the light availability, and consequently the forest community composition. The aim of this study was to investigate the plasticity of forest species Pimenta pseudocaryophyllus under full sunlight and shade conditions. P. pseudocaryophyllus showed typical shade plant phenotype, with higher net photosynthesis, transpiration, and chlorophyll a and b contents when cultivated under this condition. The decrease in net photosynthesis under full sunlight conditions is probably related to PSII photoinhibition. In addition, under full sunlight, reduced height, number of leaves, and specific leaf area was observed, while plants in shade increased these characteristics. P. pseudocaryophyllus did not show high morphological and physiological plasticity, which may be a maladaptive response. It was concluded that forest disturbances could compromise the occurrence and survival of P. pseudocaryophyllus.

Resumo: Odonata é considerada a segunda ordem de insetos com maior número de espécies de insetos aquáticos. Sua riqueza global é estimada em cerca de 6.000 espécies descritas. A odonatofauna encontrada no Brasil representa cerca de 14% da riqueza mundial, no entanto, o conhecimento sobre a distribuição de libélulas brasileiras ainda é incipiente. Este estudo teve como objetivo um inventário das espécies de libélulas presentes em habitats aquáticos de uma Área Preservada de acordo com o Código Florestal Brasileiro, localizada no bioma Cerrado do Triângulo Mineiro, em Minas Gerais. Na estação seca, de abril a junho de 2017, foram coletados 680 espécimes pertencentes a 36 espécies e seis famílias. Entre as espécies coletadas, Elasmothemis williamsoni foi observada pela primeira vez no Estado de Minas Gerais, e foi encontrada também uma nova espécie de gênero Tigriagrion (Zygoptera: Coenagrionidae) que está sendo descrita. Considerando o rápido avanço da agricultura sobre os sistemas naturais do Cerrado, as listas de espécies podem ser importantes para definir áreas prioritárias para a conservação de espécies de Odonata.

Abstract: Odonata is considered, among the aquatic insect orders, the second largest group in number of species. Its global richness is estimated in about 6,000 described species. The Brazilian richness represents around 14% of the world's odonatofauna, however, the knowledge on Brazilian dragonflies distribution is still poor. This study purpose an inventory of the dragonflies species present in aquatic habitats from a Preserved Area according to the Brazilian Forest Code, located in the Cerrado biome at Triângulo Mineiro, Minas Gerais. In the dry season, from April to June of 2017, we collected 680 specimens belonging to 36 species and six families. Among the collected species, Elasmothemis williamsoni was observed by the first time in Minas Gerais State, and we also found a new species of Tigriagrion (Zygoptera: Coenagrionidae) which is being described by taxonomists. Considering the fast agricultural advance over natural Cerrado systems, species lists can be important to define priority conservation areas for odonate species.

Abstract Salmonella Gallinarum is a host-restrict pathogen that causes fowl typhoid, a severe systemic disease that is one of the major concerns to the poultry industry worldwide. When infecting the bird, SG makes use of evasion mechanisms to survive and to replicate within macrophages. In this context, phoPQ genes encode a two-component regulatory system (PhoPQ) that regulates virulence genes responsible for adaptation of Salmonella spp. to antimicrobial factors such as low pH, antimicrobial peptides and deprivation of bivalent cations. The role of the mentioned genes to SG remains to be investigated. In the present study a phoPQ-depleted SG strain (SG ΔphoPQ) was constructed and its virulence assessed in twenty-day-old laying hens susceptible to fowl typhoid. SG ΔphoPQ did cause neither clinical signs nor mortality in birds orally challenged, being non-pathogenic. Furthermore, this strain was not recovered from livers or spleens. On the other hand, chickens challenged subcutaneously with the mutant strain had discreet to moderate pathological changes and also low bacterial counts in liver and spleen tissues. These findings show that SG ΔphoPQ is attenuated to susceptible chickens and suggest that these genes are important during chicken infection by SG.

Resumo Objetivo Elaborar, validar e avaliar uma cartilha educativa para a promoção da autoeficácia materna na prevenção da diarreia infantil. Método Estudo metodológico, desenvolvido a partir da elaboração, validação e avaliação do material educativo por 30 juízes de conteúdo e três técnicos. Para validação, avaliou-se clareza da linguagem, pertinência prática e relevância teórica, calculando-se o Índice de Validade de Conteúdo para cada item; e aplicou-se o instrumento Suitability Assesment of Materials (SAM) para avaliação da cartilha. Resultados A cartilha teve como título “Você é capaz de prevenir a diarreia no seu filho!” e foi elaborada tendo como referencial a Teoria da Autoeficácia. Os juízes de conteúdo atribuíram Índice de Validade de Conteúdo (IVC) global de 0,88 para clareza da linguagem, 0,91 para pertinência prática e 0,92 para relevância teórica; e os juízes técnicos atribuíram IVC de 0,96, 1,00 e 1,00 para os mesmos itens avaliados, respectivamente. A avaliação dos juízes de conteúdo e técnicos a partir do SAM classificou o material como “superior”, com média de 88,7% e 90,1%, respectivamente. Conclusão A cartilha apresenta conteúdo e aparência adequados para a promoção da autoeficácia materna na prevenção da diarreia infantil.

Abstract Objective Elaborate, validate and evaluate an educational reader to promote maternal self-efficacy in the prevention of childhood diarrhea. Method Methodological study, developed based on the elaboration, validation and evaluation of educational material by 30 content judges and three technicians. For the validation, the clarity of the language, practical pertinence and theoretical relevance were considered, calculating the Content Validity Index for each item; and the tool Suitability Assessment of Materials (SAM) was applied to evaluate the reader. Results The reader was titled “You can prevent diarrhea in you child” was elaborated in the framework of Self-Efficacy Theory. The content judges attributed a global Content Validity Index (CVI) of 0.88 for language clarity, 0.91 for practical pertinence and 0.92 for theoretical relevance; and the technical judges attributed CVI of 0.96, 1.00 and 1.00 for the same items assessed, respectively. The assessment of the content and technical judges based on the SAM tool classified the material as “superior”, with average coefficients of 88.7% and 90.1%, respectively. Conclusion The reader was considered appropriate in terms of face and content validation to promote maternal self-efficacy in the prevention of childhood diarrhea.

Resumen Objetivo Elaborar, validar y evaluar una libreta educativa para la promoción de la Autoeficacia materna en la prevención de la diarrea infantil. Método Estudio metodológico desarrollado partiendo de la elaboración, validación y evaluación del material educativo por 30 expertos en contenido y tres técnicos. Para la validación se evaluó claridad del lenguaje, adecuación práctica y relevancia teórica, calculándose el Índice de Validez de Contenido para cada ítem; y se aplicó el instrumento Suitability Assessment of Materials (SAM) para evaluación de la libreta. Resultados La libreta se tituló “¡Tú eres capaz de prevenir la diarrea de tu hijo!”, y fue elaborada sobre el referencial de la Teoría de la Autoeficacia. Los expertos en contenido le otorgaron Índice de Validez de Contenido (IVC) global de 0,88 a la claridad del lenguaje, 0,91 a adecuación práctica y 0,92 a relevancia teórica; y los técnicos puntuaron con IVC de 0,96, 1,00 y 1,00 a los mismos ítems evaluados, respectivamente. La evaluación de los expertos en contenido y técnicos a partir del SAM clasificaron al material como “superior”, con promedio de 88,7% y 90,1%, respectivamente. Conclusión La libreta ofrece contenido y apariencia adecuados para promoción de Autoeficacia materna en la prevención de la diarrea infantil.