ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Breast cancer is a common neoplasm in women worldwide. Its varying patterns of incidence and clinical prognosis in Brazil make it an important and complex public health problem that needs to be solved. OBJECTIVES: To analyze the temporal dynamics of hospital admissions and deaths due to female breast cancer in the state of Alagoas, Brazil, from 2009 to 2019. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional study including secondary data from hospital admissions and deaths due to female breast cancer in Alagoas. METHODS: A joinpoint regression model was constructed for temporal analysis of hospital admissions and deaths due to female breast cancer in Alagoas, over this period. The hospital information system of the Department of Informatics of the National Health System was used. RESULTS: There were 5,801 hospitalizations and 633 hospital deaths due to neoplasm in Alagoas over the period. The age group from 50 to 59 years old stood out, corresponding to 28.1% of hospitalizations and 31.1% of registered deaths. An increasing trend in the rate of hospital admissions was observed (average annual percentage change, AAPC = 14.0; P-value < 0.001), from 14.9/100,000 inhabitants in 2009 to 53.6 in 2019. There was a growth trend in the in-hospital mortality rate (AAPC = 19.8; P-value < 0.001), from 6.3% in 2009 to 11.0% in 2019. CONCLUSION: The results indicated an increasing trend of hospital admissions and mortality rates in the state of Alagoas, with a higher percentage of hospitalizations and deaths in the 50-59 age group.

Resumo Objetivo: comparar a evolução temporal e a distribuição espacial dos indicadores epidemiológicos de hanseníase brutos e corrigidos pelo modelo bayesiano empírico, Bahia, Brasil, 2001-2012. Métodos: estudo ecológico com dados do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação; foram incluídos todos os 417 municípios baianos e analisados os indicadores/100 mil habitantes - taxa de detecção de casos novos na população geral, em <15 anos e de grau 2 de incapacidade física -; utilizou-se o modelo bayesiano empírico local para suavização dos indicadores, e o teste t de Student, para comparação das médias. Resultados: os indicadores estimados pelo modelo foram superiores aos observados; as taxas de detecção geral e em <15 anos estimadas foram superiores às observadas em 253 (60,7%) e 209 (50,1%) municípios, respectivamente; as áreas de maior risco concentraram-se no eixo Norte-Oeste e na região Sul do estado. Conclusão: distribuição espacial heterogênea da doença e existência de possível subnotificação de casos.

Abstract Objective: to compare the temporal evolution and spatial distribution of epidemiological indicators of leprosy, both crude and also corrected using the empirical Bayesian model, Bahia, Brazil, 2001-2012. Methods: this was an ecological study using data from the Notifiable Diseases Information System; all 417 municipalities in Bahia were included and the following indicators per 100,000 inhabitants were analyzed - detection rate of new cases in the general population, in those <15 years old, and in those with grade 2 physical disability -; the local empirical Bayesian model was used to smoothen the indicators, and Student’s t-test was used to compare means. Results: indicators estimated by the model were higher than crude indicators; estimated detection rates in the general population and in those <15 years old were higher than crude rates in 253 (60.7%) and 209 (50.1%) municipalities, respectively; areas of greatest risk were concentrated in the northwestern and southern regions of the state. Conclusion: spatial distribution of the disease was heterogeneous and there was possible underreporting of cases.

Resumen Objetivo: comparar la evolución temporal y la distribución espacial de los indicadores epidemiológicos de la lepra brutos y corregidos por el modelo bayesiano empírico, Bahia, 2001-2012. Métodos: estudio ecológico con datos del Sistema de Información de Agravamientos de Notificación; se incluyeron todos los 417 municipios baianos y se analizaron los indicadores/100 mil habitantes - tasa de detección de casos nuevos en la población general, en <15 años y de grado 2 de incapacidad física -; se utilizó el modelo bayesiano empírico local para suavizar los indicadores, y la prueba t de Student, para la comparación de los promedios. Resultados: los indicadores estimados por el modelo fueron superiores a los observados; las tasas de detección general y en <15 años estimadas fueron superiores a las observados en 253 (60,7%) y 209 (50,1%) municipios; las áreas de mayor riesgo se concentraron en el eje Norte-Oeste y en la región sur del estado. Conclusión: distribución espacial heterogénea de la enfermedad y existencia de posible subnotificación.

Resumo Objetivo: comparar a evolução temporal e a distribuição espacial dos indicadores epidemiológicos de hanseníase brutos e corrigidos pelo modelo bayesiano empírico, Bahia, Brasil, 2001-2012. Métodos: estudo ecológico com dados do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação; foram incluídos todos os 417 municípios baianos e analisados os indicadores/100 mil habitantes - taxa de detecção de casos novos na população geral, em <15 anos e de grau 2 de incapacidade física -; utilizou-se o modelo bayesiano empírico local para suavização dos indicadores, e o teste t de Student, para comparação das médias. Resultados: os indicadores estimados pelo modelo foram superiores aos observados; as taxas de detecção geral e em <15 anos estimadas foram superiores às observadas em 253 (60,7%) e 209 (50,1%) municípios, respectivamente; as áreas de maior risco concentraram-se no eixo Norte-Oeste e na região Sul do estado. Conclusão: distribuição espacial heterogênea da doença e existência de possível subnotificação de casos.

Abstract Objective: to compare the temporal evolution and spatial distribution of epidemiological indicators of leprosy, both crude and also corrected using the empirical Bayesian model, Bahia, Brazil, 2001-2012. Methods: this was an ecological study using data from the Notifiable Diseases Information System; all 417 municipalities in Bahia were included and the following indicators per 100,000 inhabitants were analyzed - detection rate of new cases in the general population, in those <15 years old, and in those with grade 2 physical disability -; the local empirical Bayesian model was used to smoothen the indicators, and Student’s t-test was used to compare means. Results: indicators estimated by the model were higher than crude indicators; estimated detection rates in the general population and in those <15 years old were higher than crude rates in 253 (60.7%) and 209 (50.1%) municipalities, respectively; areas of greatest risk were concentrated in the northwestern and southern regions of the state. Conclusion: spatial distribution of the disease was heterogeneous and there was possible underreporting of cases.

Resumen Objetivo: comparar la evolución temporal y la distribución espacial de los indicadores epidemiológicos de la lepra brutos y corregidos por el modelo bayesiano empírico, Bahia, 2001-2012. Métodos: estudio ecológico con datos del Sistema de Información de Agravamientos de Notificación; se incluyeron todos los 417 municipios baianos y se analizaron los indicadores/100 mil habitantes - tasa de detección de casos nuevos en la población general, en <15 años y de grado 2 de incapacidad física -; se utilizó el modelo bayesiano empírico local para suavizar los indicadores, y la prueba t de Student, para la comparación de los promedios. Resultados: los indicadores estimados por el modelo fueron superiores a los observados; las tasas de detección general y en <15 años estimadas fueron superiores a las observados en 253 (60,7%) y 209 (50,1%) municipios; las áreas de mayor riesgo se concentraron en el eje Norte-Oeste y en la región sur del estado. Conclusión: distribución espacial heterogénea de la enfermedad y existencia de posible subnotificación.