RESUMO: Dados de 629 matrizes de codornas de corte foram utilizados para estudar a associação entre características de reprodução e produção de ovos. As características analisadas foram: peso corporal aos 42 dias (W42), peso médio de ovos (AEW) e idade à maturidade sexual (ASM), que compôs as características reprodutivas; e números de ovos produzidos a partir do 42o dia, divididos em intervalos de 35 dias cada (P1, P2, P3 e P4), que integrou o grupo de características de produção. Para análise de associação, foi utilizada a análise de correlação canônica entre os dois conjuntos de características. Os coeficientes canônicos indicaram que os conjuntos de características de produção de ovos e reprodutivas são dependentes, correlacionando-se moderadamente (0,3475). Entre as variáveis avaliadas, o primeiro período parcial de produção de ovos e a idade à maturidade sexual foram as mais importantes. Os resultados indicam que a seleção para menor idade à maturidade sexual resultaria em aumento no número de ovos produzidos até 77 dias de idade, embora essa seleção possa resultar em diminuição do peso de ovo. Conclui-se que a seleção de aves deve ser efetuada para menor maturidade sexual, pois, assim, estará selecionando também aves para maior produção de ovos.

ABSTRACT: Data from 629 meat type quails were used to study association between two different sets of traits: egg production and reproduction. Traits related to reproduction were: body weight at 42 days (W42), average egg weight (AEW), age at sexual maturity (ASM); and production traits: number of eggs produced from 42 until 182th day considering intervals of 35 days each period (P1, P2, P3 and P4). Canonical correlations were used to describe the association between these two sets of traits. The canonical coefficients indicated that egg production and reproductive traits were moderately related (0.3475). The first partial period of production (P1) and age at sexual maturity were the most relevant traits among the analyzed variables. Results show that selecting animals with lower age at sexual maturity might lead to an increase on number of eggs produced until 77 days, although it might also lead to a decrease on egg weight. Breeding programs aiming to improve quails production should consider selection strategies to decrease age at sexual maturity and then, as correlated response, increased egg production might be observed.

The objective of this study was to obtain estimates of genetic and phenotypic parameters for egg mass of meat quails and also to propose an optimal age for selection of birds through the egg mass. The data used in this study came from 3,503 female meat quails (UFV1: 1.811 quails; UFV2: 1.692 quails) of the Poultry Breeding Program from Universidade Federal de Viçosa. The traits examined were egg mass in partial periods until 77, 112, 147 and 182 days, and egg mass in the total period of 407 days by the use of single and bi-trait animal models. For the genetic group UFV1, the heritability values for the periods were high: 0.58, 0.59, 0.57, 0.59 and 0.24 (until 77, 112, 147,182 and 407 days, respectively). The values of genetic correlations were medium, ranging from 0.51 (77 and 407 days) to 0.61 (112 and 407, 147 and 407 days). For the genetic group UFV2, the estimates of heritability were of low magnitude: 0.05, 0.03, 0.04, 0.05, and 0.11 (until 77, 112, 147, 182, and 407 days, respectively). The values for genetic correlation ranged from 0.61 (112 and 407 days) to 0.93 (77 and 407 days). For the genetic group UFV1, the second partial period (112 days) for selection of meat quails using the egg mass trait is recommended, due to a higher value of heritability and a higher value of genetic correlation with the total and relative efficiency close to the unity in this period. In the genetic group UFV2, the first partial period (77 days) is indicated, since it had a higher estimation of genetic correlation and a higher relative efficiency. The choice of these partial periods reduces the generation interval, increasing the intensity of selection and an increase in genetic gain per unit of time.