Abstract The pathogenic nature of infections caused by Candida spp. underscores the necessity for novel therapeutic agents. Extracts of Schinopsis brasilienses Engl are \ a promising source of agents with antifungal effects. This study aimed to assess the antifungal potential of the leaf extract of S. brasilienses. The antifungal activity was evaluated by determining the minimum inhibitory concentrations and fungicide concentrations (MIC and MFC). The antibiofilm potential was assessed by counting colony-forming units/mL. The study examined the inhibition kinetics of fungal growth and potential synergism between gallic acid or the extract and nystatin using the Checkerboard method. Cytotoxicity was evaluated through the MTT assay. The extract exhibited antifungal effect against all tested strains, with MIC and MFC ranging from 31.25–250 μg/mL. Gallic acid, the main isolated compound, displayed a MIC of 2000 μg/mL. The extract of S. brasilienses at 31.25 μg/mL inhibited the formation of biofilm by C. albicans and significantly reduced the mass of mature biofilm after 24 and 48 h (p < 0. 05). At a concentration of 125 μg/mL, the extract demonstrated significant inhibition of fungal growth after 6 hours. The combination of gallic acid or extract with nystatin did not exhibit synergistic or antagonistic effect. Furthermore, the extract did not induce cytotoxicity to a human cell line. The extract of S. brasiliensis demonstrates antifungal activity against Candida, generally exhibiting fungicidal action and capacity to inhibit biofilm formation as well as reduce mature biofilms. Additionally, the extract showed low cytotoxicity to human cells. spp effects S MFC. . MFC) colonyforming colony forming unitsmL units mL units/mL method assay strains 3125250 31 25 250 31.25–25 μgmL μg compound 200 3125 31.2 C 2 4 p 0 05. 05 05) 12 hours Furthermore line biofilms Additionally cells 312525 3 31.25–2 20 312 31. 1 31252 31.25–

ABSTRACT Objective: To characterize drug hypersensitivity associated with dental treatments. Material and Methods: Data from 5,302 dental patients extracted from the Faculty of Dental Medicine were used to investigate drug use history, drug hypersensitivity, and associations with oral health outcomes. The chi-square test was used, and values of p ≤ 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: The frequency of patients’ self-reported drug hypersensitivity was 26.42% (n = 1,401). The highest frequencies were for opioid/narcotic analgesics (20.84%, n = 292), antibiotics (18.13%, n = 961), and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (10.46%, n = 141). Most of the patients (68.65%, n = 3,640) reported using medications, mostly for cardiovascular disease (43.1%, n = 1,569), for psychiatric/neurological disorders (39.75%, n = 1,447), drugs that affect the endocrine system (32.55%, n= 1,185), and drugs for pain (24.92%, n = 907). Higher drug hypersensitivity frequencies were associated with older White female subjects (p<0.0001). Associations were also identified between drug hypersensitivity and history of the following dental procedures: tooth extractions (p=0.003), root canal treatment (p=0.0004), prosthodontic treatments (p<0.0001), and orthodontic treatments (p=0.007). Conclusion: A high frequency of self-reported drug hypersensitivity in dental patients was found, with a higher occurrence in older White women and those with a history of more extensive and invasive dental care. Objective Methods 5302 5 302 5,30 outcomes chisquare chi square 005 0 05 0.0 significant Results selfreported self 2642 26 42 26.42 1,401. 1401 1,401 . 1 401 1,401) opioidnarcotic opioid narcotic 20.84%, 2084 20 84 (20.84% 292, 292 , 292) 18.13%, 1813 18 13 (18.13% 961, 961 961) nonsteroidal non steroidal antiinflammatory anti inflammatory 10.46%, 1046 10 46 (10.46% 141. 141 141) 68.65%, 6865 68 65 (68.65% 3,640 3640 3 640 medications 43.1%, 431 43 (43.1% 1,569, 1569 1,569 569 1,569) psychiatricneurological psychiatric neurological 39.75%, 3975 39 75 (39.75% 1,447, 1447 1,447 447 1,447) 32.55%, 3255 32 55 (32.55% 1,185, 1185 1,185 185 1,185) 24.92%, 2492 24 92 (24.92% 907. 907 907) p<0.0001. p00001 p<0.0001 0001 (p<0.0001) procedures p=0.003, p0003 p=0.003 003 (p=0.003) p=0.0004, p00004 p=0.0004 0004 (p=0.0004) p<0.0001, p=0.007. p0007 p=0.007 007 (p=0.007) Conclusion found care 530 30 5,3 00 0. 264 2 4 26.4 140 1,40 40 20.84% 208 8 (20.84 29 18.13% 181 (18.13 96 10.46% 104 (10.46 14 68.65% 686 6 (68.65 3,64 364 64 43.1% (43.1 156 1,56 56 39.75% 397 7 (39.75 144 1,44 44 32.55% 325 (32.55 118 1,18 24.92% 249 9 (24.92 90 p0000 p<0.000 000 (p<0.0001 p000 p=0.00 (p=0.003 p=0.000 (p=0.0004 (p=0.007 53 5, 26. 1,4 20.84 (20.8 18.13 (18.1 10.46 (10.4 68.65 (68.6 3,6 36 43.1 (43. 15 1,5 39.75 (39.7 32.55 (32.5 11 1,1 24.92 (24.9 p<0.00 (p<0.000 p00 p=0.0 (p=0.00 (p=0.000 1, 20.8 (20. 18.1 (18. 10.4 (10. 68.6 (68. 3, 43. (43 39.7 (39. 32.5 (32. 24.9 (24. p<0.0 (p<0.00 p0 p=0. (p=0.0 20. (20 18. (18 10. (10 68. (68 (4 39. (39 32. (32 24. (24 p<0. (p<0.0 p=0 (p=0. (2 (1 (6 ( (3 p<0 (p<0. p= (p=0 p< (p<0 (p= (p< (p

Resumen Esta investigación pretendió comprender cómo, a partir de los relatos (auto)biográficos de tres profesores negros de educación superior pública, se implosionan saberes y acciones que descolonizan el saber, la ciencia y la sociedad en el ámbito de la UFMG. Se tomó la experiencia de estos sujetos como analizadores de las innumerables contradicciones que se presentan en una universidad pública de historia moderna/colonial. Lo que ha podido mover rupturas epistémicas y políticas en la reinvención de un mundo nuevo que ya es posible a pesar de las trampas de la colonialidad. En esa dirección, las estrategias para combatir la colonización del ser, el saber y la sociedad son un proceso constante de movilización y alteración de estas experiencias. Es, única y exclusivamente, a través de esta herida abierta, que estos intelectuales inventan otros caminos en la producción del conocimiento, la ciencia y la sociedad misma en su versión más justa hacia la experiencia-ciencia feminista, antirracista y decolonial. cómo autobiográficos auto biográficos UFMG modernacolonial moderna colonial moderna/colonial colonialidad dirección ser experiencias Es exclusivamente abierta conocimiento experienciaciencia feminista decolonial

Abstract This research intended to understand how knowings and doings that decolonize knowledge, science and society in the scope of the UFMG are imploded, from the (auto)biographical narrative reports of three black teachers of public higher education. The experience of these teachers was taken as analyzers of the innumerable contradictions that appear in a public university of modern/colonial history. This has been able to move epistemic and political ruptures in the reinvention of a new world that is already possible despite the traps of coloniality. In this direction, the strategies to combat the colonization of the being, of knowledge and of society are a constant process of mobilization and alteration of these experiences. Only and solely, it is through this open wound that these intellectuals invent other paths in the production of knowledge, science and society itself in its fairest version towards feminist, anti-racist and decolonial experience-science. imploded autobiographical auto biographical education moderncolonial modern colonial history coloniality direction being experiences solely feminist antiracist anti racist experiencescience. experiencescience science. experience-science

Resumo Esta pesquisa intencionou compreender como, a partir dos relatos narrativos (auto)biográficos de três docentes negras do ensino superior público, implodem-se saberes e fazeres que decolonizam o conhecimento, a ciência e a sociedade no âmbito da UFMG. Tomou-se a experiência dessas sujeitas como analisadores das inúmeras contradições que se apresentam em uma universidade pública de histórico moderno/colonial. O que tem sido capaz de movimentar rupturas epistêmicas e políticas na reinvenção de um novo mundo que já se mostra possível apesar das armadilhas da colonialidade. Nessa direção, as estratégias de combate à colonização do ser, do saber e da sociedade são um processo constante de mobilizações e alterações dessas experiências. É, apenas e unicamente, por meio dessa ferida aberta, que essas intelectuais inventam outros horizontes na produção do conhecimento, da ciência e da própria sociedade em sua versão mais justa rumo à experiência-ciência feminista, antirracista e decolonial. autobiográficos auto biográficos público implodemse implodem conhecimento UFMG Tomouse Tomou modernocolonial moderno colonial moderno/colonial colonialidade direção ser experiências É unicamente aberta experiênciaciência feminista decolonial

Abstract Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) is characterized by bone exposure for more than eight weeks in patients who have used or been treated with antiresorptive or antiangiogenic drugs, without a history of radiation therapy or metastatic diseases in the jaws. Obesity is associated with changes in periodontal tissues and oral microbiota that are linked to bone alterations. This study aimed to analyze the influence of obesity on the development of bisphosphonate-induced osteonecrosis. The experiment randomly and simply divided 24 male Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) into four groups: healthy, with osteonecrosis, obese, and obese with osteonecrosis (n=6 per group). Osteonecrosis was induced through weekly intraperitoneal injection for eight weeks at a dose of 250 µg/kg of zoledronic acid in a 4 mg/5 mL solution, combined with trauma (exodontia). Obesity was induced through a high glycaemic index diet. Each group was qualitatively and quantitatively evaluated regarding the development of models and pathological anatomy of the lesions. The results were expressed in mean percentage and standard deviation and statistically analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey's post-hoc test, with a significance level of 5% (p<0.05) to establish differences found between the groups. Animals in the osteonecrosis group and the obese with osteonecrosis group presented larger necrosis areas (averages: 172.83±18,19 µm2 and 290.33±15,77 µm2, respectively) (p<0,0001). Bone sequestration, hepatic steatosis, and increased adipocyte size were observed in the obese group (average: 97.75±1.91 µm2) and in the obese with osteonecrosis group (average: 98.41±1.56 µm2), indicating greater tissue damage in these groups (p<0,0001). All parameters analyzed (through histological, morphometric, and murinometric analyses) increased for the obese and obese with osteonecrosis groups, suggesting a possible influence of obesity on the results. However, further studies are needed to confirm the role of obesity in the possible exacerbation of osteonecrosis and understand the underlying mechanisms. Medicationrelated Medication related MRONJ (MRONJ drugs jaws alterations bisphosphonateinduced bisphosphonate 2 Rattus norvegicus healthy n=6 n6 n 6 (n= group. . group) 25 µgkg µg kg mg5 mg 5 mg/ solution exodontia. exodontia (exodontia) diet lesions oneway one way ANOVA (ANOVA Tukeys Tukey s posthoc post hoc test p<0.05 p005 p 0 05 (p<0.05 averages (averages 172831819 172 83 18 19 172.83±18,1 µm 290331577 290 33 15 77 290.33±15,7 respectively p<0,0001. p00001 p<0,0001 0001 (p<0,0001) sequestration steatosis average (average 9775191 97 75 1 91 97.75±1.9 9841156 98 41 56 98.41±1.5 , histological morphometric analyses However mechanisms n= (n (exodontia p<0.0 p00 (p<0.0 17283181 17 8 172.83±18, 29033157 29 3 7 290.33±15, p0000 p<0,000 000 (p<0,0001 977519 9 97.75±1. 984115 98.41±1. p<0. p0 (p<0. 1728318 172.83±18 2903315 290.33±15 p000 p<0,00 00 (p<0,000 97751 97.75±1 98411 98.41±1 p<0 (p<0 172831 172.83±1 290331 290.33±1 p<0,0 (p<0,00 9775 97.75± 9841 98.41± p< (p< 17283 172.83± 29033 290.33± p<0, (p<0,0 977 97.75 984 98.41 (p 1728 172.83 2903 290.33 (p<0, 97.7 98.4 172.8 290.3 97. 98. 172. 290.

Aim: To describe the management of dental education in three dental schools during the COVID-19 crisis. Methods: Adopted strategies in the Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB), Brazil, University of Pittsburgh (UP), USA, and Griffith University (GU), Australia were detailed. Results: In the UFPB, all on-site teaching was suspended, and resources for distance learning set up as a supplementary semester to be available as face to face classes later. A protocol for clinical care followed safety measures recommended by Brazilian official health institutions. The adequacy of the physical structure, human resources, and personal protective equipment (PPE) acquisition for the return to clinical activities are currently under discussion. In the UP, learning activities were shifted to virtual teaching using lecture recordings and live sections. All elective patients care was postponed. Urgent dental cases were discussed via teledentistry. The physical layout of the dental clinics and pre-clinical laboratories were changed, allowing a safe distance between students. In the GU, all clinical and pre-clinical activities were cancelled, and theoretical activities were maintained online for all students. Several clinically based scenarios where created and delivered in the format of online problem-based learning. The reception area was redesigned, ensuring social distancing. Safety measures follow the Australia Dental Association. Conclusions: Dealing with dental education depends on the stage of the epidemic and the characteristics of each country.

Abstract Objective: This study sought to identify the differences between the oral changes presented by patients with solid and hematologic tumors during chemotherapeutic treatment. Methodology: This is an observational, prospective and quantitative study using direct documentation by follow-up of 105 patients from 0 to 18 years using the modified Oral Assessment Guide (OAG). Of the 105 patients analyzed, 57 (54.3%) were boys with 7.3 years (±5.2) mean age. Hematologic neoplasms accounted for 51.4% of all cases. Results: Voice, lips, tongue, and saliva changes were not significantly different (p>0.05) between patients with solid or hematologic tumors and during the follow-up. From the 6th until the 10th week of chemotherapeutic treatment alterations in swallowing function, in the mucous membrane (buccal mucosa and palate), in the labial mucosa, and in the gingiva occurred and were distributed differently between the two tumors groups (p<0.05). The main alterations were observed in patients with hematologic tumors. Conclusion: It was concluded that the oral changes during the chemotherapeutic treatment occurred especially in swallowing function, in the mucous membrane, in the labial mucosa and in the gingiva, and these alterations were found mainly in patients with hematologic tumors.

Abstract Natural products have emerged as a rich source of bioactive compounds for adjunctive treatments of many infectious and inflammatory conditions, including periodontitis. Among the monoterpenes with significant biological properties, there is the perillyl alcohol (POH), which can be found in several essential oils and has shown immunomodulatory properties in recent studies, which may be interesting in the treatment of non-neoplastic inflammatory disorders. Objective To determine the antibacterial and immune modulatory activities of the POH. Methodology The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of the POH for two significant Gram-negative periodontal pathogens were determined by macrodilution and subculture, respectively. Cell proliferation and cytotoxicity in RAW 264.7 macrophages were determined by Trypan Blue and mitochondrial enzymatic activity assay. The modulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was analyzed by flow cytometry and expression of TNF and arginase-1 by real-time PCR. Results The POH was effective against P. gingivalis (ATCC 33277) and F. nucleatum (ATCC 25586) with MIC= MBC=1600 μM. No cytotoxicity up to 100 µM was observed on macrophages. The cell proliferation was inhibited from 48 hours at 100 μM (p<0.05) and 250 μM (p<0.01). The POH increased ROS production at both 10 μM and 100 μM (p<0.05) in unstimulated cells. The PMA-induced ROS production was not affected by POH, whereas 100 μM significantly reduced lipopolysaccharide-induced (LPS-induced) ROS. The expression of TNF was not affected by POH in unstimulated cells or in cells polarized to M1 phenotype, whereas both concentrations of POH reduced (p<0.05) the expression of arginase-1 in M2-polarized macrophages. Conclusion The POH has antibacterial activity against periodontal pathogens and reduced proliferation of murine macrophages without significant cytotoxicity at concentrations up to 100 μM. In addition, the POH reduced the LPS-induced ROS and the expression of arginase-1 in M2-polarized macrophages.

Abstract We aimed to evaluate the orofacial antinociceptive effect of geraniol in mice and its molecular anchorage mechanism. Seven mice per group (probabilistic sample) were treated with geraniol (12.5, 25 and 50 mg/kg, i.p.), morphine (6 mg/kg, i.p.) and vehicle (saline + Tween 80 at 0.2%, i.p.) 30 minutes prior to the beginning of the experiment. Injecting glutamate (25 μM), capsaicin (2.5 μg) and formalin (2%) into the right upper lip (perinasal) of the mouse induced nociception. Behavioral analysis of the animals considered the friction time (in seconds) of the mentioned region using hind or front paws by a researcher blinded to the treatment groups. The statistical analysis was performed blindly, considering α = 5%. The results showed that in the glutamate and capsaicin tests, concentrations of 25 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg presented antinociceptive activity (p < 0.005, power> 80%). In the formalin test, geraniol was able to reduce nociception at a concentration of 50 mg/kg (p < 0.005, power> 80%). In the molecular anchorage study, high values of binding between the evaluated substance and receptors of glutamate were observed (metabotropic glutamate receptor, -87.8501 Kcal/mol; N-methyl-D-aspartate, -86.4451 Kcal/mol; α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionic acid, -85.6755 Kcal/mol). Geraniol presented orofacial antinociceptive activity, probably by interacting with glutamate-related receptors.

Abstract Objective: To describe and compare how three dental schools from different countries (Australia, Brazil, and the USA) have managed experiences in dental education during the COVID-19 crisis. Material and Methods: It is a descriptive study reporting the experience that three distinct dental schools faced during the COVID-19 pandemic. They represent countries that adopted different measures to tackle the pandemic and were undergoing different stages of the disease. Results: After the WHO declared the COVID-19 pandemic, the Federal University of Paraíba suspended all on-site teaching, research, and service activities. For the return to teaching activities, the use of information and communications technology resources for distance learning was recommended. At the School of Dental Medicine (University of Pittsburgh), all research activities were suspended or, otherwise, could not be interrupted because of the employment of unique materials or supplies. When the pandemic started, Australia was one of the first countries to introduce strong regulations related to social distancing, travel restrictions, testing and tracking of infected patients. As such, the universities started to be closed from mid-March, cancelling all clinical and pre-clinical activities, maintaining online theoretical activities, such as seminars, lectures, and journal clubs. Conclusion: Numerous and critical difficulties have arisen as a result of the pandemic for individuals, communities and institutions that will have long-lasting effects. Our students face disruption to their education and career; our professional colleagues will be challenged rebuilding their practices, while staff at all Dental Schools are experiencing various hardships.

Abstract Objective: To identify the profiles of patients with special needs attended at a Center for Dental Specialties. Material and Methods: This was a cross-sectional and quantitative study using an inductive approach, and a comparative and statistical procedure for analysis of the patients with special needs. Information concerning socioeconomic, medical and dental conditions was collected. The data were analyzed using IBM SPSS, adopting a significance level of 5%. Results: It was observed that 58.6% of the users were males, single (54.7%), in the age group from 19 to 59 years (41.1%), being 97.4% without schooling. The most frequent clinical diagnoses were: deviations in intelligence (18.4%), behavioral deviations (18.4%) and physical defects (17.9%). We observed for oral health the presence of gingivitis (33.0%), and healthy gums (47.8%); the presence of caries (64.9%), with restored teeth (28.5%), and edentulism (12.3%). Dental intervention procedures were initiated with emphasis on: fluoride applications (39.7%) and subgingival scraping (34.9%). Topical fluoride applications (p=0.010) and prophylaxis (p=0.010) were realized in patients without autism. Also, prophylaxis (p=0.007) was more frequently performed and gingival alterations were more often verified (p=0.020) in patients without Down's syndrome. Conclusion: The users of the patients with special needs dental service can be generally described as male, single, aged between 19 and 54 years, with the special conditions of intelligence and behavioral deviation.

Abstract Objective: To perform chemical analysis and to evaluate the anti-biofilm and hemolytic effect of the essential oil of Cymbopogon citratus. Material and Methods: Gaseous chromatography coupled to mass spectrometer was performed for chemical characterization of the essential oil. To verify the antimicrobial action, the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC), Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) and Minimum Fungicidal Concentration (MFC) were determined. From MIC, MBC and MFC data, concentrations were established to verify the anti-biofilm effect and for the hemolysis test on human erythrocytes. A multispecies biofilm was developed in vitro and mouthwash applications were simulated to determine the inhibition of biofilm formation or its removal. Results were analyzed through ANOVA statistical test, complemented by the Tukey test, considering a significance level of 5% Results: The major component of the essential oil is citral. MIC verified for Streptococcus mutans was 1mg / mL, while for Candida albicans, it was 125 μg/mL, presenting microbicidal effect for both microorganisms tested. The essential oil was able to inhibit biofilm formation (p<0.001), presenting non-toxic hemolysis percentage in concentration below 500 μg/mL Conclusion: The essential oil of Cymbopogon citratus is antimicrobial, antibiofilm and non-toxic to human erythrocytes, representing a natural product with potential for use in Dentistry.

RESUMO Objetivo: verificar o perfil dos usuários com queixas fonoaudiológicas do serviço de atenção domiciliar do município de João Pessoa, Paraíba. Métodos: trata-se de um estudo transversal, descritivo, natureza quantitativa, mediante técnica de documentação indireta a partir da análise de documentos de fontes primárias, sendo caracterizado, portanto, como estudo documental. A pesquisa foi realizada junto ao serviço de atenção domiciliar (SAD) do município de João Pessoa/PB, que dispõe de informações dos usuários armazenadas em forma de prontuários. Todos os prontuários dos pacientes atendidos pelo SAD no período de junho de 2012 a junho de 2016 foram analisados, e após os critérios de elegibilidade, amostra ficou constituída por 114 prontuários. Os dados coletados foram inseridos em uma planilha do Microsoft Excel para realização de estatística descritiva no Software IBM SPSS (versão 21.0). Resultados: verificou-se que a maioria dos pacientes atendidos foi do sexo masculino (59,6%), idosos (62,3%) e diagnosticados com acidente vascular encefálico (57,9%). Além disso, apresentaram histórico de disfagia (76,3%), problemas de fala (58,8%), deglutição alterada (80,7%) e mastigação alterada (77,2%). A disfagia está frequentemente associada aos AVE’s apresentando predomínio de indivíduos do sexo masculino e idosos. Conclusão: concluiu-se que a alteração de dificuldade de deglutição, ou seja, a disfagia está frequentemente associada aos AVE’s apresentando o predomínio das variáveis sociodemográficas e clínicas de homens e idosos.

ABSTRACT Objective: to ascertain the profile of home care service (HCS) users with speech and language complaints in João Pessoa, Paraíba (PB). Methods: a descriptive and quantitative study using an indirect documentation technique based on an analysis of primary source documents, characterized as a documentary study, conducted at a HCS, in João Pessoa, PB, that stores user information in the form of medical records. All patient records included by the HCS from June 2012 to June 2016 were analyzed. After the eligibility criteria were applied, the sample consisted of 114 medical records. The collected data were entered into a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet to generate descriptive statistics using IBM SPSS (version 21.0). Results: most patients were males (59.6%), elderly (62.3%), had been diagnosed with a stroke (57.9%),had histories of dysphagia (76.3%), speech problems (58.8%), swallowing disorders (80.7%), and abnormal chewing (77.2%). Dysphagia is often associated with stroke, predominantly among males and the elderly. Conclusion difficulty in swallowing, or dysphagia, is often associated with stroke, predominantly in the presence of the sociodemographic and clinical variables associated with men and the elderly.

RESUMO Objetivo: objetivou-se avaliar a qualidade metodológica dos ensaios clínicos publicados em periódicos brasileiros. Métodos: trata-se de uma pesquisa bibliográfica sistemática. Participaram quatro pesquisadores independentes treinados que realizaram um levantamento dos últimos 10 anos em todos os periódicos nacionais da área da Fonoaudiologia, ativos ou inativos. Para tanto, foram selecionados todos os volumes desse período de tempo e cada pesquisador realizou análise individual a fim de identificar estudos que tinham o principal objeto de estudo enquadrado na Motricidade Orofacial. Foram utilizados os seguintes instrumentos Downs and Black Quality Checklist e escala de Jadad. Resultados: após a seleção e categorização dos estudos, a amostra final desta pesquisa foi composta por 6 artigos classificados como ensaios clínicos. Dentre as limitações metodológicas observadas destacam-se a ausência de plano amostral, randomização e cegamento. Identificou-se uma média de 16,3 pontos para o Downs and Black Quality Checklist e 2,3 para escala de Jadad. Conclusão: conclui-se que a literatura brasileira é escassa de ensaios clínicos controlados randomizados na área de motricidade orofacial, sugerindo ampliação e qualificação das investigações que adotam esse delineamento de pesquisa, promovendo, dessa forma, uma prática clínica baseada em evidência científica.

ABSTRACT Purpose: to evaluate the methodological quality of clinical trials published in Brazilian journals. Methods: four trained independent researchers conducted a systematic literature search of all Brazilian speech therapy-related journals over the last ten years, whether the journals were active or inactive. All journal volumes published during that period were selected, and each researcher conducted an individual analysis to identify articles that focused primarily on orofacial motricity. The tools used were the Downs and Black Quality Checklist and the Jadad scale. Results: after the studies were selected and categorized, the final sample comprised six articles, all of which were classified as clinical trials. The observed methodological limitations included a lack of sample planning, randomization and blinding. Mean scores of 16.3 points on the Downs and Black Quality Checklist and 2.3 on the Jadad scale were obtained. Conclusion: the randomized controlled trials in the area of orofacial motricity are scarce in Brazilian literature, suggesting that studies in this area adopting this research design should be expanded and their quality should be improved to promote clinical practice based on scientific evidence.

Abstract The effect of fluoride agents on the retention of orthodontic brackets to enamel under erosive challenge is little investigated. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of titanium tetrafluoride (TiF4) and sodium fluoride (NaF) agents on the shear bond strength of brackets to enamel and on the enamel microhardness around brackets under erosive challenge. Methods: Brackets were bonded to bovine incisors. Five groups were formed according to fluoride application (n=10): TiF4 varnish, TiF4 solution, NaF varnish, NaF solution and control (without application). The specimens were submitted to erosive challenge (90 s cola drink/2h artificial saliva, 4x per day for 7 days). Solutions were applied before each erosive cycle and varnishes were applied once. Vickers Microhardness (VHN) was obtained before and after all cycles of erosion and the percentage of microhardness loss was calculated. Shear bond strength, adhesive remnant index and polarized light microscopy were conducted after erosion. The data were analyzed by ANOVA, Tukey, Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests (α=0.05). Results: The %VHN had no statistically significant differences among the experimental groups. However, considering the comparisons of all groups with the control group, TiF4 varnish showed the highest protection from enamel demineralization (effect size of 2.94, while the effect size for the other groups was >2.4). The TiF4 varnish group had significantly higher shear bond strength compared to other groups. There was no difference among groups for adhesive remnant index. Polarized light microscopy showed higher demineralization depth for the control group. Conclusions: Application of NaF and TiF4 agents during mild erosive challenge minimized the enamel mineral loss around brackets, however only the experimental TiF4 varnish was able to prevent the reduction of shear bond strength of brackets to enamel.