Resumo Fundamento: Estudos epidemiológicos recentes demonstraram que alterações na microbiota e seus metabólitos estão associadas à hipertensão arterial sistêmica. A Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) é um dos patógenos bacterianos mais comuns, e a possível associação entre a infecção por H. pylori e a hipertensão é controversa. Objetivos: Este estudo teve o objetivo de esclarecer a associação entre eles e proporcionar uma nova base teórica para detectar a patogênese da hipertensão. Métodos: Foram selecionados estudos caso-controle e transversais sobre a associação entre H. pylori e hipertensão, publicados de 1996 a 2019 indexados nos bancos de dados PubMed, Google Scholar, Chinese Wan Fang Data, e Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI). As razões de chance (RC) combinadas e o intervalo de confiança (IC) 95% foram estimados. O I² foi realizado para avaliar a heterogeneidade estatística. O viés de publicação foi avaliado utilizando-se os testes de Beggs e de Egger. Os dados extraídos foram analisados no software Stata 12.0. A significância estatística foi definida com um p-valor < 0,05. Resultados: Foram cadastrados 17 estudos envolvendo 6376 casos de hipertensão e 10850 controles. A taxa de infecção por H. pylori em pacientes hipertensos e em controles foi de 64,9% e 56,3%, respectivamente. Foi demonstrada uma associação significativamente positiva entre a infecção por H. pylori e a hipertensão, com uma RC global de 2,07 (IC 95%: 1,46–2,94; p < 0,05). A análise de subgrupos revelou que a prevalência de infecção por H. pylori foi associada à hipertensão na região da Ásia e no grupo de caso-controle, as RC (IC 95%) foram 2,26 (1,51-3,38) e 2,53 (1,72-3,72), respectivamente. Depois de estratificar por métodos de detecção, ainda existiam diferenças entre os subgrupos (todos p < 0,05). Conclusão: Esta metanálise indicou que a infecção por H. pylori está associada positivamente à hipertensão.

Abstract Background: Recent epidemiological studies have shown that alterations in microbiota and its metabolites are associated with systemic arterial hypertension. Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is one of the most common bacterial pathogens, and the potential association between H. pylori infection and hypertension are controversial. Objective: This study aimed to clarify their association and provide a new theoretical basis for uncovering the pathogenesis of hypertension. Methods: Case-control and cross-sectional studies on the association between H. pylori and hypertension published from 1996 to 2019 indexed in PubMed, Google Scholar, Chinese Wan Fang Data, and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI). The pooled odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were estimated. I2 was performed to evaluate the statistical heterogeneity. Publication bias was evaluated using Begg’s and Egger’s test. The extracted data was analyzed in Stata 12.0. Statistical significance was defined as p-value < 0.05. Results: A total of 17 studies involving 6,376 cases of hypertension and 10,850 controls were enrolled. H. pylori infection rate in hypertension patients and controls were 64.9% and 56.3%, respectively. A significantly positive association was shown between H. pylori infection and hypertension with an overall OR of 2.07 (95% CI: 1.46–2.94; p < 0.05). Subgroup analysis revealed that the prevalence of H. pylori infection was associated with hypertension in the region of Asia and the case-control group, ORs (95% CI) were 2.26 (1.51-3.38) and 2.53 (1.72-3.72), respectively. After stratifying by detection methods, differences still existed in subgroups (all p < 0.05). Conclusion: This meta-analysis indicated that H. pylori infection is positively associated with hypertension.

Resumo Fundamento O ácido úrico (AU), produto final do metabolismo dos nucleotídeos das purinas, participa dos processos de doenças metabólicas e cardiovasculares. Evidências experimentais sugerem que o ácido úrico é um mediador importante na resposta fisiológica ao aumento da pressão arterial. Objetivo Avaliar a associação entre os níveis séricos de AU e pré-hipertensão e hipertensão em uma população chinesa. Métodos Conduziu-se um estudo transversal entre março e setembro de 2017, e 1.138 participantes com idades entre 35 e 75 anos foram incluídos neste estudo, onde 223 normotensos, 316 pré-hipertensos e 599 hipertensos foram selecionados para avaliar a associação entre níveis séricos de AU e hipertensão. Considerou-se um valor de p<0,05 estatisticamente significativo. Resultados Os níveis séricos de AU foram significativamente maiores no grupo pré-hipertensão e hipertensão em comparação com o grupo controle em toda a população (p<0,05 para todos). A análise quantitativa das características indicou níveis séricos de AU (2,92±0,81, 3,06±0,85, 3,22±0,98 mg/d) linearmente aumentados em mulheres normotensas, pré-hipertensas e hipertensas, com um valor de p de 0,008. Os níveis séricos de AU nos quartis correlacionaram-se positivamente com a PAD (p<0,05), principalmente em mulheres. Após o ajuste para idade, sexo, índice de massa corporal (IMC), glicose (GLI), colesterol total (CT), triglicerídeos (TG), colesterol HDL (lipoproteína de alta densidade), as razões de chances ( odds ratios — ORs) e intervalos de confiança (IC) de 95% da pré-hipertensão, dos níveis séricos de AU mais baixos (referentes) aos mais altos foram 1,718 (1,028–2,872), 1,018 (0,627–1,654) e 1,738 (1,003–3,010). Além disso, o segundo quartil dos níveis séricos de AU esteve significativamente associado à hipertensão, com uma OR (IC 95%) de 2,036 (1,256–3,298). Conclusões O presente estudo sugere que níveis séricos mais elevados de AU estão positivamente associados à pré-hipertensão e hipertensão entre adultos chineses.

Abstract Background Uric acid (UA), the end product of purine nucleotide metabolism, participates in the processes of metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. Experimental evidence suggests it is an important mediator in the physiological response to blood pressure increase. Objective To evaluate the association between serum UA levels and pre-hypertension and hypertension in a Chinese population. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted from March to September 2017, and 1,138 participants aged 35 to 75 were enrolled in this study, where 223 normotensive, 316 pre-hypertensive, and 599 hypertensive subjects were selected to evaluate the association between serum UA levels and hypertension. A p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results Serum UA levels were significantly higher in the pre-hypertension and hypertension group compared to the control group in the entire population (p<0.05 for all). Quantitative trait analysis indicated that serum UA levels were (2.92±0.81, 3.06±0.85, 3.22±0.98 mg/d) linearly increased in normotensive, pre-hypertensive and hypertensive females, with a p value of 0.008. Serum UA levels in the quartiles were positively correlated with DBP (p<0.05), particularly in females. After adjusting for age, gender, body mass index (BMI), glucose (GLU), total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of pre-hypertension from the lowest (referent) to the highest levels of serum UA were 1.718 (1.028–2.872), 1.018 (0.627–1.654) and 1.738 (1.003–3.010). Additionally, the second quartile of serum UA levels were significantly associated with hypertension, with an OR (95% CI) of 2.036 (1.256–3.298). Conclusions This study suggests that higher serum UA levels are positively associated with pre-hypertension and hypertension among Chinese adults.

RESUMO OBJETIVO: O objetivo do estudo era investigar a prevalência de sobrepeso e obesidade e sua relação com a qualidade do sono em estudantes universitários da província de Anhui, China. METODOLOGIA: Um estudo transversal foi realizado na China com 1328 participantes. A prevalência de baixo peso e obesidade em estudantes universitários foi estimada com base nas referências do Grupo de Trabalho sobre Obesidade da China. A qualidade do sono foi avaliada utilizando o padrão PSQI (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index). RESULTADOS: O estudo incluiu 470 homens e 858 mulheres, todos estudantes universitários de Anhui; 4,4% das mulheres e 17,7% dos homens foram classificados com sobrepeso ou obesidade. A prevalência da obesidade em homens foi significativamente maior do que em mulheres, e a prevalência da obesidade nos últimos anos foi maior do que em outras categorias (P < 0, 05). Em geral, a pontuação média de qualidade do sono foi 4,91 ± 2,67; 36,5% dos homens e 39, 1% das mulheres tiveram uma qualidade de sono ruim (PSQI > 5). Considerando os sete componentes da qualidade do sono, a duração do sono e o uso de medicação para dormir apresentaram diferenças significativas entre estudantes homens e mulheres de anos diferentes (P < 0,05). Uma clara correlação foi encontrada entre a qualidade do sono e o Índice de Massa corporal (IMC) (P < 0.0000) em mulheres que usavam drogas hipnóticas. CONCLUSÃO: Este estudo sugere que a qualidade do sono das mulheres está provavelmente associada com o IMC. Os universitários são um grupo especial de jovens adultos, por isso é importante para estudar a causa da sua má qualidade do sono e sua relação com o IMC, para que seja possível melhorar a saúde dos estudantes universitários.

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of overweight and obesity and its association with sleep quality in university students from the Anhui province in China. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted in China with 1328 participants. The prevalence of underweight and obesity in university students was estimated according to the reference working group on obesity in China. The sleep quality was evaluated using the standard PSQI (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index). RESULTS: This study included 470 male and 858 female students from a university in Anhui; 4.4% of the females and 17.7% of the males were overweight or obese. The prevalence of obesity in males was significantly higher than in females, and the prevalence of obesity in higher years was greater than in other years (p<0.05). In general, the mean score for sleep quality was 4.91±2.67; 36.5% of male and 39.1% of female students had poor sleep quality (PSQI score >5). Among the seven components of sleep quality, sleep duration and the use of sleep medication showed significant differences between male and female students and different years (p<0.05). An obvious correlation was found between sleep quality and body mass index (BMI)(p<0.000) in females who took hypnotic drugs. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that the sleep quality of females is probably associated with their BMI. College students are a special group of young adults whose cause of poor sleeping quality and BMI may be significant to study, so the health status of university students can be improved.

Summary Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of rhubarb on extravascular lung water (EVLW) in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Method: A total of 80 patients with ARDS were randomly divided into a treatment group (40 cases) and control group (40 cases). Patients in the treatment group received rhubarb (30.0 g/d) and patients in the control group received conventional therapy for seven consecutive days. Extravascular lung water index (EVLWI) and pulmonary vascular permeability index (PVPI) were determined using pulse contour cardiac output (PiCCO) technology, and the oxygenation index was measured by blood gas analysis at baseline and on days 3, 5 and 7 after treatment. Results: The oxygenation index was higher and the levels of EVLWI and PVPI were lower after treatment in the two groups; however, these indexes showed significant differences on the 5th and 7th days after rhubarb treatment compared with the results in the control group (p<0.05). Conclusion: Rhubarb can decrease EVLWI and PVPI, and improve oxygenation in patients with ARDS.

Objective: to evaluate the association between serum uric acid and obesity among university students who participated in routine health screening in 2013. Methods: in this cross-sectional study, 3529 subjects were analyzed. Obesity categories were classified by BMI levels references in China. And serum uric acid levels were classified by serum uric acid quartiles. Two-sample T-test and Wilcoxon Rank sum test were used to compare age, biochemical and anthropometric parameters of subjects of two genders. Rank correlation used to analyze relationship between serum uric acid and obesity. Results: there were 1285 males (mean age, 19.8 ± 1.3 years) and 2244 females (mean age, 19.9 ± 1.3 years) in this study. Association between 2nd serum uric acid quartile and normal in male are significant and coefficient was 0.519. The 3rd serum uric acid quartile and normal in female was associated significantly(r = 0.173, p = 0.010). And associations between overweight and 3rd and 4th serum uric acid quartiles in female were significant( r = 0.128, p = 0.038 in 1st quartile and r = 0.282, p = 0.004 in 4th quartile). The 4th serum uric acid quartile and Obesity in two gender groups were significantly associated(r = 0.291, p = 0.000 in male and r = 0.484, p = 0.001 in female). Conclusion: high serum uric acid was positively associated with obesity in overweight and obesity group. However, the association was weak between two variables because serum uric acid.

Objetivo: evaluar la asociación entre el ácido úrico en suero y la obesidad entre los estudiantes universitarios que participaron en los exámenes de salud de rutina en 2013. Métodos: en este estudio transversal, 3.529 sujetos fueron analizados. La obesidad categorías fueron clasificados por el IMC niveles referencias en China.Y los niveles de ácido úrico en suero fueron clasificados por el ácido úrico en suero cuartiles. Dos Sample T - test y Wilcoxon Rank sum test se utiliza para comparar los parámetros antropométricos, bioquímicos y de los sujetos de ambos sexos. Rango correlación utilizado para analizar la relación entre el ácido úrico en suero y la obesidad. Resultado: hay 1.285 hombres (edad media, 19,8 ± 1,3 años) y 2.244 mujeres (edad media, 19,9 ± 1,3 años) en este estudio. Asociación entre el segundo cuartil de ácido úrico en suero y normal en el macho son significativos y se 0,519 coeficiente. El tercer cuartil de ácido úrico en suero y normal en mujeres se asoció significativamente (R = 0,173, p = 0,010). Y asociaciones entre sobrepeso y 3º y 4º de ácido úrico sérico cuartiles en mujeres fueron significativa (R = 0,128, p = 0,038 en 1er cuartil y R = 0,317, p = 0,004 en cuarto cuartil). El cuarto cuartil de ácido úrico en suero y la obesidad en dos grupos de género fueron asociados significativamente (R = 0,286, p = 0,000 en macho y R = 0,484, p = 0,001 en mujeres). Conclusión: alta de ácido úrico en suero fue asociado positivamente con la obesidad en el sobrepeso y la obesidad. Sin embargo, la asociación entre dos variables es débil porque el ácido úrico en suero influenciado la obesidad con otros factores conexos.

Background: Prevalence of overweight and obesity in adolescents has been increasing during recent decades. The present study aimed to assess the prevalence of obesity in 14-18 years old Anhui Secondary school children, and provide more comprehensive guidelines for intervention programs. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 4788 children in secondary school, and date from the routine health survey was analyzed. Trained health workers took anthropometric measures, height and weight, at the school. Definition of children overweight and obesity children was based on the international age-and sex-specific body mass index reference standards proposed by the International Obesity Task Force and National Center for Health Statistics. Results: According to the IOTF standard the prevalence of overweight (including obesity) and obesity revealed decreasing trend with age in male (overweight, from 17.3% at 14-y to 5.3% at 18-y; obesity, from 3.8% at 14-y to 2.3% at 18-y). Depending on the NCHS references used, the overall prevalence of overweight (including obesity) and obesity in male aged 14 to 18 decreases from 16.4% to 11.7% and from 4.6% to 2.8%, respectively. Conclusion: The overweight (including obesity) and obesity from14 to 18 years old have a decreasing trend, and more attention should be taken to male students in China. These findings suggest secondary school and government need to design appropriate guidelines to keep healthy for adolescents in China.

Antecedentes: La Prevalencia de sobrepeso y obesidad en adolescentes ha ido en aumento durante los últimos decenios. El presente estudio pretende evaluar la prevalencia de la obesidad en los niños de la escuela secundaria de 14 a 18 años de edad Anhui, y proporcionar directrices más amplias para los programas de intervención. Métodos: Este estudio transversal se llevó a cabo en 4788 niños de escuela secundaria, y la fecha de la encuesta de salud de rutina fue analizado. Los trabajadores sanitarios capacitados tomaron medidas antropométricas, la altura y el peso, en la escuela. La definicion de los niños con sobrepeso y obesidad basada en la edad y sexo del índice de masa corporal estándar de referencia propuesto por el Grupo de trabajo internacional sobre obesidad y el Centro Nacional de estadísticas de salud. Resultados: De acuerdo a la IOTF Standard la prevalencia de sobrepeso (obesidad) y la obesidad reveló disminución tendencia con la edad en varones (sobrepeso, del 17,3% en 14-y a 5,3% en 18-y; la obesidad, from 3.8% en 14-y al 2,3% en 18-y). Dependiendo de la NCHS referencias utilizadas, la prevalencia global de sobrepeso (obesidad) y la obesidad en hombres de entre 14 y 18 años de edad disminuye a partir de un 16,4% a 11,7% y del 4,6% al 2,8%, respectivamente. Conclusión: El sobrepeso (obesidad) y la obesidad de diciembre de los 14 a los 18 años de edad tienen una tendencia a la disminucion, y más atención debe ser tomado para estudiantes varones en China. Estos hallazgos sugieren que la escuela secundaria y el Gobierno deben formular directrices apropiadas para mantener saludables a los adolescentes en China.

A three-dimensional finite element model used to simulate the bolted joint is created using ABAQUS package. The stress concentration factors at the roots of the thread are first studied with a preload of 38.4 kN. Under harmonic transverse shear displacement, not only the stress variations at ten specified points of the first thread but also contact conditions between the contacting surfaces are studied. By changing the preload value, relative displacement, the coefficient of friction between the two clamped plates successively and the loading frequency, their effects on the hysteresis loops of the transverse load versus the relative displacement of the joint are then analyzed. Finally the hysteresis loops are produced by the Masing model. It is found that due to the greatest stress concentration factor, fatigue failure will occur at the root of the first thread. With the increase of preload value, the amplitude of displacement and the coefficient of friction, frictional energy dissipation of the joint increases. Very good agreement is achieved between the hysteresis loops produced from the fourth-order Masing model and the detailed ABAQUS model and therefore the fourth-order Masing model can replace the time-consuming finite element model.