Abstract Despite the record speed of developing vaccines and therapeutics against the SARS-CoV-2 virus, it is not a given that such success can be secured in future pandemics. In addition, COVID-19 vaccination and application of therapeutics remain low in developing countries. Rapid and low cost mass production of antiviral IgY antibodies could be an attractive alternative or complementary option for vaccine and therapeutic development. In this article, we rapidly produced SARS-CoV-2 antigens, immunized hens and purified IgY antibodies in 2 months after the SARS-CoV-2 gene sequence became public. We further demonstrated that the IgY antibodies competitively block RBD binding to ACE2, neutralize authentic SARS-CoV-2 virus and effectively protect hamsters from SARS-CoV-2 challenge by preventing weight loss and lung pathology, representing the first comprehensive study with IgY antibodies. The process of mass production can be easily implemented in most developing countries and hence could become a new vital option in our toolbox for combating viral pandemics. This study could stimulate further studies, optimization and potential applications of IgY antibodies as therapeutics and prophylactics for human and animals.

ABSTRACT Coal gangue occupies substantial land resources. Using coal gangue as reinforcement fill material is an effective utilization method. The characteristics of the soil-reinforcement interface influence the safety and stability. Large-scale direct shear tests were conducted to study the interface characteristics of coal gangue with polypropylene woven geotextile, welded steel-plastic geogrid, and high-density polyethylene uniaxial geogrid. The tests revealed that the shear stress-shear displacement relationship is nonlinear and positively correlated with normal stress, with the breakage of burnt coal gangue particles observed during the process. The maximum shear stress and shear strength index of the interface for the three geosynthetics reinforced coal gangue are in the order of uniaxial high-density polyethylene (HDPE) geogrid showing the highest reinforcement strength, followed by the welded steel-plastic geogrid, with the polypropylene woven geotextile having the lowest strength. After HDPE geogrid reinforcement, interface friction angle slightly changes, but cohesion significantly increases, with an increase of 1156.9%. Considering the interface interactions, among the three geosynthetic materials, HDPE geogrid exhibits the most effective reinforcement effect on coal gangue, followed by the welded steel-plastic geogrid. The geotextile shows the least effectiveness in reinforcing burnt coal gangue. For reinforced coal gangue projects, HDPE geogrid is recommended as the reinforcing material. resources method soilreinforcement soil stability Largescale Large scale steelplastic steel plastic highdensity high density stressshear process (HDPE changes increases 11569 1156 9 1156.9% interactions materials projects 115 1156.9 11 1156. 1

ABSTRACT This study was conducted to identify the key volatile compounds that characterize whether silage has deteriorated and to investigate the intrinsic link between the key compounds and silage odor. First, silages with different aerobic exposure durations were sampled, and sensory evaluation integrating aerobic stability monitoring was used to distinguish whether the silage had deteriorated. Subsequently, headspace solid-phase microextraction gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS) was utilized to determine the relative content of the compounds. Using the relative content of the compounds in each silage as input, relative odor activity value (ROAV) calculations and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) were performed to determine the odor contribution of the compounds and the compounds with significant differences in relative content (based on variable importance for the projection, VIP) between the deteriorated and non-deteriorated silages. Next, the key compounds were identified by combining the conditions of average ROAV (aROAV) ≥ 1 and VIP > 1. Finally, the OPLS algorithm was used to analyze the intrinsic link of key compounds with the silage odor. The results showed that three out of 63 compounds—4-ethyl phenol, eugenol, and ethyl linoleate—were key compounds to characterize whether the silages deteriorated or not. In addition, ortho-guaiacol, 4-ethyl guaiacol, and 2-methoxy-4-vinyl phenol were the specific key compounds for deteriorated silage. Eugenol and ethyl linoleate were correlated with fruity, sour, and spicy odors. In addition, guaiacol, 4-ethylphenol, 4-ethyl guaiacol and 2-methoxy-4-vinyl phenol contributed to roasted, musty, and putrid odors. First sampled Subsequently solidphase solid phase chromatographymass chromatography mass HSSPMEGCMS HS SPME GC MS (HS-SPME-GC-MS input (ROAV OPLSDA DA (OPLS-DA based projection nondeteriorated non Next aROAV (aROAV Finally 6 compounds4ethyl compoundsethyl 4 eugenol linoleatewere not addition orthoguaiacol, orthoguaiacol ortho ortho-guaiacol 4ethyl 2methoxy4vinyl methoxyvinyl 2 methoxy vinyl fruity sour odors 4ethylphenol, 4ethylphenol ethylphenol ethylphenol, 4-ethylphenol roasted musty

ABSTRACT Objective: The purpose of present study was to comprehensively explore the efficacy and safety of prothrombin complex concentrate (PCC) to treat massive bleeding in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Methods: PubMed®, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases were searched for studies investigating PCC administration during cardiac surgery published before September 10, 2022. Mean difference (MD) with 95% confidence interval (CI) was applied to analyze continuous data, and dichotomous data were analyzed as risk ratio (RR) with 95% CI. Results: Twelve studies were included in the meta-analysis. Compared with other non-PCC treatment regimens, PCC was not associated with elevated mortality (RR=1.18, 95% CI=0.86–1.60, P=0.30, I2=0%), shorter hospital stay (MD=-2.17 days; 95% CI=-5.62–1.28, P=0.22, I2=91%), reduced total thoracic drainage (MD=-67.94 ml, 95% CI=-239.52–103.65, P=0.44, I2=91%), thromboembolic events (RR=1.10, 95% CI=0.74–1.65, P=0.63, I2=39%), increase in atrial fibrillation events (RR=0.73, 95% CI=0.52–1.05, P=0.24, I2=29%), and myocardial infarction (RR=1.10, 95% CI=0.80–1.51, P=0.57, I2=81%). However, PCC use was associated with reduced intensive care unit length of stay (MD=-0.81 days, 95% CI=-1.48– -0.13, P=0.02, I2=0%), bleeding (MD=-248.67 ml, 95% CI=-465.36– -31.97, P=0.02, I2=84%), and intra-aortic balloon pump/extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (RR=0.65, 95% CI=0.42–0.996, P=0.05, I2=0%) when compared with non-PCC treatment regimens. Conclusion: The use of PCC in cardiac surgery did not correlate with mortality, length of hospital stay, thoracic drainage, atrial fibrillation, myocardial infarction, and thromboembolic events. However, PCC significantly improved postoperative intensive care unit length of stay, bleeding, and intra-aortic balloon pump/ extracorporeal membrane oxygenation outcomes in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Objective (PCC Methods PubMed PubMed® Embase 10 2022 MD (MD 95 CI (CI RR (RR Results metaanalysis. metaanalysis meta analysis. analysis meta-analysis nonPCC non regimens RR=1.18, RR118 1 18 (RR=1.18 CI086160 0 86 60 CI=0.86–1.60 P030 P 30 P=0.30 I2=0%, I20 I I2=0% , I2 MD=2.17 MD217 MD= 2.17 2 17 (MD=-2.1 days CI=5.62–1.28, CI562128 CI= 5.62–1.28, 5 62 28 CI=-5.62–1.28 P022 22 P=0.22 I2=91%, I291 I2=91% 91 I2=91%) MD=67.94 MD6794 67.94 67 94 (MD=-67.9 ml CI=239.52–103.65, CI2395210365 239.52–103.65, 239 52 103 65 CI=-239.52–103.65 P044 44 P=0.44 RR=1.10, RR110 (RR=1.10 CI074165 74 CI=0.74–1.65 P063 63 P=0.63 I2=39%, I239 I2=39% 39 I2=39%) RR=0.73, RR073 73 (RR=0.73 CI052105 05 CI=0.52–1.05 P024 24 P=0.24 I2=29%, I229 I2=29% 29 I2=29%) CI080151 80 51 CI=0.80–1.51 P057 57 P=0.57 I2=81%. I281 I2=81% . 81 I2=81%) However MD=0.81 MD081 0.81 (MD=-0.8 CI=1.48– CI148 1.48– 48 CI=-1.48 0.13, 013 13 -0.13 P002 02 P=0.02 MD=248.67 MD24867 248.67 248 (MD=-248.6 CI=465.36– CI46536 465.36– 465 36 CI=-465.36 31.97, 3197 31 97 -31.97 I2=84%, I284 I2=84% 84 I2=84%) intraaortic intra aortic pumpextracorporeal pump RR=0.65, RR065 (RR=0.65 CI0420996 42 996 CI=0.42–0.996 P005 P=0.05 Conclusion 202 9 RR=1.18 RR11 (RR=1.1 CI08616 8 6 CI=0.86–1.6 P03 3 P=0.3 I2=0 MD=2.1 MD21 217 2.1 (MD=-2. CI=5.62–1.28 CI56212 562128 5.62–1.28 CI=-5.62–1.2 P02 P=0.2 I29 I2=91 MD=67.9 MD679 6794 67.9 (MD=-67. CI=239.52–103.65 CI239521036 2395210365 239.52–103.65 23 CI=-239.52–103.6 P04 4 P=0.4 RR=1.10 CI07416 7 CI=0.74–1.6 P06 P=0.6 I23 I2=39 RR=0.73 RR07 (RR=0.7 CI05210 CI=0.52–1.0 I22 I2=29 CI08015 CI=0.80–1.5 P05 P=0.5 I28 I2=81 MD=0.8 MD08 081 0.8 (MD=-0. CI=1.48 CI14 148 1.48 CI=-1.4 0.13 01 -0.1 P00 P=0.0 MD=248.6 MD2486 24867 248.6 (MD=-248. CI=465.36 CI4653 46536 465.36 46 CI=-465.3 31.97 319 -31.9 I2=84 RR=0.65 RR06 (RR=0.6 CI042099 99 CI=0.42–0.99 20 RR=1.1 RR1 (RR=1. CI0861 CI=0.86–1. P0 P=0. I2= MD=2. MD2 21 2. (MD=-2 CI=5.62–1.2 CI5621 56212 5.62–1.2 CI=-5.62–1. I2=9 MD=67. MD67 679 67. (MD=-67 CI=239.52–103.6 CI23952103 239521036 239.52–103.6 CI=-239.52–103. CI0741 CI=0.74–1. I2=3 RR=0.7 RR0 (RR=0. CI0521 CI=0.52–1. I2=2 CI0801 CI=0.80–1. I2=8 MD=0. MD0 08 0. (MD=-0 CI=1.4 CI1 14 1.4 CI=-1. 0.1 -0. MD=248. MD248 2486 248. (MD=-248 CI=465.3 CI465 4653 465.3 CI=-465. 31.9 -31. RR=0.6 CI04209 CI=0.42–0.9 RR=1. (RR=1 CI086 CI=0.86–1 P=0 MD=2 (MD=- CI=5.62–1. CI562 5621 5.62–1. CI=-5.62–1 MD=67 MD6 (MD=-6 CI=239.52–103. CI2395210 23952103 239.52–103. CI=-239.52–103 CI074 CI=0.74–1 RR=0. (RR=0 CI052 CI=0.52–1 CI080 CI=0.80–1 MD=0 CI=1. 1. CI=-1 -0 MD=248 MD24 (MD=-24 CI=465. CI46 465. CI=-465 31. -31 CI0420 CI=0.42–0. RR=1 (RR= CI08 CI=0.86– P= (MD= CI=5.62–1 CI56 562 5.62–1 CI=-5.62– MD=6 CI=239.52–103 CI239521 2395210 239.52–103 CI=-239.52–10 CI07 CI=0.74– RR=0 CI05 CI=0.52– CI=0.80– CI=1 CI=- - MD=24 CI=465 CI4 CI=-46 -3 CI042 CI=0.42–0 RR= CI0 CI=0.86 CI=5.62– CI5 56 5.62– CI=-5.62 CI=239.52–10 CI23952 239521 239.52–10 CI=-239.52–1 CI=0.74 CI=0.52 CI=0.80 CI=46 CI=-4 CI04 CI=0.42– CI=0.8 CI=5.62 5.62 CI=-5.6 CI=239.52–1 CI2395 23952 239.52–1 CI=-239.52– CI=0.7 CI=0.5 CI=4 CI=0.42 CI=0. CI=5.6 5.6 CI=-5. CI=239.52– CI239 2395 239.52– CI=-239.52 CI=0.4 CI=0 CI=5. 5. CI=-5 CI=239.52 CI23 239.52 CI=-239.5 CI=5 CI=239.5 CI2 239.5 CI=-239. CI=239. 239. CI=-239 CI=239 CI=-23 CI=23 CI=-2 CI=2

This study aimed to analyze the safety and applicability of a 90-min duration of infusion (SDI) of obinutuzumab in patients with B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) in a tertiary hospital in China. This exploratory clinical trial was performed at Jiangsu Province Hospital. All patients were treated with the standard infusion regimen for the first infusion. If no grade ≥3 infusion-related reactions (IRRs) occurred, the subsequent infusions were given as SDI. The primary endpoint was the incidence of IRR during the standard infusion (3-4 h) and 90-min SDI regimens. This study enrolled 208 patients and all completed cycle 1. Forty-one patients (19.71%) had IRRs: five (2.40%) with grade 1, twenty-eight (13.46%) with grade 2, and eight (3.85%) with grade 3. The 41 patients had 71 IRRs, mainly fever (40.85%), chest pain/tightness (12.68%), and dyspnea (9.86%). The occurrence of IRRs in the first infusion was significantly lower in patients who received oral acetaminophen prophylaxis than those who did not (10.72% vs 30.21%, P<0.001). For the subsequent cycles with 90-min SDI, only two (0.25%) IRRs occurred among 814 infusions (one grade 1 hand numbness and one grade 2 chill/fever). The 90-min obinutuzumab SDI might be safe and feasible in patients with B-cell NHL in China. 90min min 90 (SDI Bcell B cell nonHodgkins non Hodgkin s (NHL China Hospital 3 ≥ infusionrelated related (IRRs 34 4 (3- h regimens 20 Fortyone Forty 19.71% 1971 19 (19.71% 2.40% 240 40 (2.40% twentyeight twenty 13.46% 1346 13 46 (13.46% 3.85% 385 85 (3.85% 7 40.85%, 4085 40.85% , (40.85%) paintightness pain tightness 12.68%, 1268 12.68% 12 68 (12.68%) 9.86%. 986 9.86% . 9 86 (9.86%) 10.72% 1072 10 72 (10.72 3021 30 21 30.21% P<0.001. P0001 P P<0.001 0 001 P<0.001) 0.25% 025 25 (0.25% 81 chill/fever. chillfever chill/fever chill chill/fever) (3 19.71 197 (19.71 2.40 24 (2.40 13.46 134 (13.46 3.85 38 8 (3.85 408 40.85 (40.85% 126 12.68 6 (12.68% 98 9.86 (9.86% 10.72 107 (10.7 302 30.21 P000 P<0.00 00 0.25 02 (0.25 ( 19.7 (19.7 2.4 (2.4 13.4 (13.4 3.8 (3.8 40.8 (40.85 12.6 (12.68 9.8 (9.86 10.7 (10. 30.2 P00 P<0.0 0.2 (0.2 19. (19. 2. (2. 13. (13. (3. 40. (40.8 12. (12.6 9. (9.8 10. (10 30. P0 P<0. 0. (0. (19 (2 (13 (40. (12. (9. (1 P<0 (0 (40 (12 (9 P< (4

Renal fibrosis is a common manifestation in the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) to kidney failure. Currently, there is no available therapy to prevent the progression of renal fibrosis. Poricoic acid A (PAA) isolated from Poria cocos shows notable antifibrotic effects. However, its potential mechanism is still unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the effects and the potential mechanisms of PAA against renal fibrosis. A mouse model of renal fibrosis was established using unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO). We showed that PAA administration significantly alleviated renal lesions and collagen deposition in UUO mice. Mice with UUO resulted in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and the activation of endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) in the renal tissues, while PAA treatment significantly inhibited EMT and ERS activation. Additionally, PAA markedly alleviated ERS-mediated apoptosis in UUO mice. Molecular docking results indicated that PAA stably combined to GRP78 and ATF4. In conclusion, these results demonstrated that PAA possesses a significant bioactivity against renal fibrosis and its treatment mechanism might be the inhibition of ERS-mediated apoptosis. CKD (CKD failure Currently (PAA However unclear UUO. . (UUO) mice epithelialtomesenchymal epithelial mesenchymal (EMT (ERS tissues Additionally ERSmediated mediated GRP GRP7 ATF4 ATF conclusion (UUO

ABSTRACT This research focuses on optimizing the hydrolysis process for acid-soluble titanium slag in TiO2 production to enhance product quality. Several parameters were investigated including free acid concentration, temperature and initial equivalent TiO2 concentration. Response surface methodology was employed to determine the optimal conditions: 4.2 M acid concentration, 95 g/L initial TiO2 concentration, and 112 °C, yielding a hydrolysis efficiency of 97.1 ± 0.3%. The optimized process produced TiO2 with 99.33 wt% purity, uniform particle size (D50 = 15.2 μm), and spherical morphology. Kinetic studies revealed pseudo-second-order reaction kinetics with an activation energy of 58.6 kJ/mol. The TiO2 exhibited photocatalytic activity of 85.2% dye degradation after 60 min, surpassing a commercial pigment-grade TiO2. Economic analysis indicated a production cost of $1,850 per ton, an NPV of $28.5 million, and an IRR of 25.6% for a 10,000 ton/year plant. The optimized process offers a sustainable and cost-effective approach for high-quality TiO2 production from titanium slag. acidsoluble soluble TiO quality concentration conditions 42 4 2 4. 9 gL g L 11 C °C 971 97 1 97. 03 0 3 0.3% 9933 99 33 99.3 wt purity D50 D (D5 152 15 15. μm, μm , μm) morphology pseudosecondorder pseudo second order 586 58 6 58. kJmol kJ mol kJ/mol 852 85 85.2 min pigmentgrade pigment grade 1850 850 $1,85 ton 285 28 5 $28. million 256 25 25.6 10000 10 000 10,00 tonyear year plant costeffective effective highquality high 0.3 993 99. D5 (D 8 85. 185 $1,8 $28 25. 1000 00 10,0 0. 18 $1, $2 100 10, $1 $

Abstract Introduction: Propofol is a widely used anesthetic and its dose is closely related to aging. Telomere length (TL) is a unique heritable trait, and emerging as a biomarker of aging, health and disease. Telomerase RNA component (TERC) plays an important role in maintaining TL. We proposed a hypothesis that propofol dose in general anesthesia can be predicted by measuring TL before operation, which greatly reduced the risk of anesthesia, especially the elderly. Methods: The association between the propofol dose in anesthesia induction and: TL in the DNA of peripheral blood leukocytes; body weight; sex; difference of the Bispectral Index (BIS) before and after anesthesia induction in patients was evaluated by multivariable linear regression analyses. The mutation at the 5’end or 3’end of TERC was detected. We recruited 100 patients of elective surgery. Results: We found that propofol dose in anesthesia induction was clearly correlated significantly with TL (r = 0.78, p < 0.001), body weight (r = 0.84, p = 0.004), sex (r = 0.83, p= 0.84, p = 0.004), sex (r = 0.83, p = 0.004), and difference of BIS before and after anesthesia induction (r = 0.85, p = 0.029). By comparing the absolute values of standardized regression coefficients (0.58, 0.21, 0.19, and 0.12) of the four variables, it can be seen that TL contributes the most to the propofol dose in anesthesia induction. However, the mutation at the 5’ end or 3’ end of TERC was not found. Conclusions: These findings provide preliminary evidence that the propofol dose in anesthesia induction was clearly correlated with genetically determined TL. TL may be a promising predictor of the propofol dose, which is beneficial to improve the safety of anesthesia and reduce perioperative complications.

Abstract Objectives: The degree of endolymphatic hydrops in Meniere’s disease may be related to hearing loss. However, the results of prior studies have been inconsistent. We aimed to investigate the relationship between endolymphatic hydrops and hearing loss characteristics in Meniere’s disease. Methods: This study included 54 patients (62 ears) with Meniere’s disease. Patients underwent three-dimensional real inversion recovery sequences for magnetic resonance imaging and puretone audiometry. Endolymphatic hydrops were assessed according to Gurkov’s criteria (2011). Correlations between different degrees of endolymphatic hydrops and pure-tone audiometry, as well as staging, were analysed. Results: Pure tone audiometry and staging were higher for vestibular endolymphatic hydrops complicated by cochlear ones than isolated cochlear or vestibular hydrops (both p<0.05). There was no significant correlation between vestibular endolymphatic hydrops and pure-tonal audiometry or staging (all p > 0.05). The degree of hydrops in the middle turn was correlated with the mid-frequency hearing threshold (p<0.05). The degree of cochlear hydrops was correlated with the audiometry, low-frequency hearing thresholds, mid-frequency hearing thresholds and staging (p<0.01). Conclusion: The types and sites of endolymphatic hydrops based on a 3D-real inversion recovery sequence can be used to indicate the degree of hearing loss in patients with Meniere's disease. Level of evidence: Level III.

SUMMARY: Clear awareness of the vascular variations is critical in surgeries, which may cause massive hemorrhage during surgical procedures. During educational dissection of a male cadaver, we encountered a combined variation of the left obturator artery and ipsilateral aberrant inferior epigastric artery. The left obturator artery originated from the external iliac artery, then coursed inward, adherent to the superior pubic ramus. The left inferior epigastric artery originated from the femoral artery, and coursed behind the femoral vein. These anatomical variations shown in one person were extremely rare. This is particularly true with regard to these variations while performing pelvic and inguinal region surgeries.

RESUMEN: El conocimiento claro de las variaciones vasculares es fundamental en las cirugías, ya que pueden causar una hemorragia masiva durante los procedimientos quirúrgicos. Durante la disección educativa de un cadáver de sexo masculino, encontramos una variación combinada de la arteria obturatriz izquierda y la arteria epigástrica inferior ipsilateral aberrante. La arteria obturatriz izquierda se originaba en la arteria ilíaca externa, luego discurrió hacia medial, adhiriéndose a la rama púbica superior. La arteria epigástrica inferior izquierda se originaba en la arteria femoral y discurría por detrás de la vena femoral. Estas variaciones anatómicas mostradas en una sola persona son extremadamente raras. Esto es importante de conocer estas variaciones cuando se realizan cirugías de las regiones pélvica e inguinal.

SUMMARY: Gastrin plays a vital role in the development and progression of gastric cancer (GC). Its expression is up-regulated in GC tissues and several GC cell lines. Yet, the underlying mechanism remains to be investigated. Here, we aim to investigate the role and mechanism of gastrin in GC proliferation. Gastrin-overexpressing GC cell model was constructed using SGC7901 cells. Then the differentially expressed proteins were identified by iTRAQ analysis. Next, we use flow cytometry and immunofluorescence to study the effect of gastrin on the mitochondrial potential and mitochondria-derived ROS production. Finally, we studied the underlying mechanism of gastrin regulating mitochondrial function using Co-IP, mass spectrometry and immunofluorescence. Overexpression of gastrin promoted GC cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo. A total of 173 proteins were expressed differently between the controls and gastrin- overexpression cells and most of these proteins were involved in tumorigenesis and cell proliferation. Among them, Cox17, Cox5B and ATP5J that were all localized to the mitochondrial respiratory chain were down-regulated in gastrin-overexpression cells. Furthermore, gastrin overexpression led to mitochondrial potential decrease and mitochondria-derived ROS increase. Additionally, gastrin-induced ROS generation resulted in the inhibition of cell apoptosis via activating NF-kB, inhibiting Bax expression and promoting Bcl-2 expression. Finally, we found gastrin interacted with mitochondrial membrane protein Annexin A2 using Co-IP and mass spectrometry. Overexpr ession of gastrin inhibits GC cell apoptosis by inducing mitochondrial dysfunction through interacting with mitochondrial protein Annexin A2, then up-regulating ROS production to activate NF-kB and further leading to Bax/Bcl-2 ratio decrease.

RESUMEN: La gastrina juega un papel vital en el desarrollo y progresión del cáncer gástrico (CG). Su expresión está regulada al alza en tejidos de CG y en varias líneas celulares de CG. Sin embargo, el mecanismo subyacente aun no se ha investigado. El objetivo de este estudio fue investigar el papel y el mecanismo de la gastrina en la proliferación de CG. El modelo de células CG que sobre expresan gastrina se construyó usando células SGC7901. Luego, las proteínas expresadas diferencialmente se identificaron mediante análisis iTRAQ. A continuación, utilizamos la citometría de flujo y la inmunofluorescencia para estudiar el efecto de la gastrina en el potencial mitocondrial y la producción de ROS derivada de las mitocondrias. Finalmente, estudiamos el mecanismo subyacente de la gastrina que regula la función mitocondrial utilizando Co-IP, espectrometría de masas e inmunofluorescencia. La sobreexpresión de gastrina promovió la proliferación de células CG in vitro e in vivo. Un total de 173 proteínas se expresaron de manera diferente entre los controles y las células con sobreexpresión de gastrina y la mayoría de estas proteínas estaban implicadas en la tumorigenesis y la proliferación celular. Entre estas, Cox17, Cox5B y ATP5J, todas localizadas en la cadena respiratoria mitocondrial, estaban reguladas a la baja en las células con sobreexpresión de gastrina. Además, la sobreexpresión de gastrina provocó una disminución del potencial mitocondrial y un aumento de las ROS derivadas de las mitocondrias. Por otra parte, la generación de ROS inducida por gastrina resultó en la inhibición de la apoptosis celular mediante la activación de NF-kB, inhibiendo la expresión de Bax y promoviendo la expresión de Bcl-2. Finalmente, encontramos que la gastrina interactuaba con la proteína de membrana mitocondrial Anexina A2 usando Co-IP y espectrometría de masas. La sobreexpresión de gastrina inhibe la apoptosis de las células CG al inducir la disfunción mitocondrial a través de la interacción con la proteína mitocondrial Anexina A2, luego regula el aumento de la producción de ROS para activar NF-kB y conduce aún más a la disminución de la relación Bax/Bcl-2.

Abstract Objective: to conduct a systematic review of the observational studies analyzing the association between ultra-processed food (UPF) intake and the risk of depression. Material and methods: the search adhered to the guidelines of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA); a search for observational studies published until June 2020 was performed in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases, followed by additional manual searches. Eight reviewers, working independently in teams of two, screened studies for eligibility, extracted data, and assessed risk of bias. We resolved disagreements through discussion or, if necessary, through adjudication by a third (LH). And the study assessed cross-sectional studies using the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) methodological checklist and cohort and case-control studies using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) for quality. We used a tabular format to summarize the articles. Results: twenty-eight studies evaluating UPF intake and risk of depression were finally selected, 21 of which had a cross-sectional design, 6 studies had a cohort design, and 1 had a case-control design. Of these, 4 cohort studies and 17 cross-sectional studies found that consumption of UPF were positively associated with depression or depressive symptoms. Conclusions: our review demonstrated that most studies included in the systematic review showed that UPF consumption is associated with the risk of depression. Future studies should consider the use of validated food intake assessments and standardized depression assessment methods to promote comparability between studies.

Resumen Objetivo: realizar una revisión sistemática de los estudios observacionales que analizan la asociación entre la ingesta de alimentos ultraprocesados (UPF) y el riesgo de depresión. Material y métodos: la búsqueda se adhirió a las directrices Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA); se realizó una búsqueda de estudios observacionales publicados hasta junio de 2020 en las bases de datos PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library y Web of Science, seguida de búsquedas manuales adicionales. Ocho revisores, que trabajaron de forma independiente en equipos de dos, seleccionaron los estudios para su elegibilidad, extrajeron los datos y evaluaron el riesgo de sesgo. Los desacuerdos se resolvieron a través de la discusión o, si era necesario, a través de la adjudicación de un tercero. Se evaluaron los estudios transversales mediante la lista de comprobación metodológica de la Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) y los estudios de cohortes y de casos y controles mediante la escala Newcastle-Ottawa (NOS) para la calidad. Se utilizó un formato tabular para resumir los artículos. Resultados: finalmente se seleccionaron 28 estudios que evaluaban la ingesta de UPF y el riesgo de depresión, 21 de los cuales tenían un diseño transversal, 6 un diseño de cohortes y 1 un diseño de casos y controles. De ellos, 4 estudios de cohortes y 17 estudios transversales encontraron que el consumo de UPF se asociaba positivamente con la depresión o los síntomas depresivos. Conclusiones: nuestra revisión demostró que la mayoría de los estudios incluidos en la revisión sistemática mostraron que el consumo de UPF está asociado con el riesgo de depresión. Los estudios futuros deberían considerar el uso de evaluaciones validadas del consumo de alimentos y métodos estandarizados de evaluación de la depresión para promover la comparabilidad entre los estudios.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to examine whether the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale was associated with the short- and long-term prognosis of patients with acute ischemic stroke treated with intravenous thrombolysis. METHODS: A total of 247 patients with acute ischemic stroke admitted to the hospital from April 2019 to October 2020 were retrospectively selected as study subjects, and the immediate and long-term prognosis after thrombolysis was assessed using the modified Rankin Scale and divided into good prognosis group (119 cases) and poor prognosis group (128 cases) based on the effect of thrombolysis. Both groups were treated with alteplase, the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale of the two groups was compared, and the factors affecting the prognosis of acute ischemic stroke were analyzed. RESULTS: After intravenous thrombolysis, 24 h, and 7 days of treatment, the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale in the poor prognosis group was higher than those of patients in the good prognosis group, and the differences were statistically significant (p<0.05). The results of the multivariate analysis suggested that National Institute of Health Stroke Scale before treatment was an independent factor associated with the 3-month (OR: 1.068, 95%CI 1.015–1.123, p=0.011) and long-term poor prognosis (OR: 1.064, 95%CI 1.012–1.119, p=0.015) in patients with acute ischemic stroke receiving intravenous thrombolysis after adjustment of age, gender, body mass index, smoking, alcohol consumer, onset-to-door time, door-to-needle time, and imaging score. CONCLUSION: The National Institute of Health Stroke Scale could be a promising indicator for the prognosis, and active intervention is needed to improve the quality of life in patients with acute ischemic stroke. OBJECTIVE short longterm long term METHODS 201 202 subjects 119 (11 cases 128 (12 alteplase compared analyzed RESULTS 2 h p<0.05. p005 p p<0.05 . 0 05 (p<0.05) 3month month 3 OR (OR 1068 1 068 1.068 95CI CI 95 10151123 015 123 1.015–1.123 p=0.011 p0011 011 1064 064 1.064 10121119 012 1.012–1.119 p=0.015 p0015 age gender index smoking consumer onsettodoor onset door time doortoneedle needle score CONCLUSION 20 11 (1 12 p00 p<0.0 (p<0.05 106 06 1.06 9 1015112 01 1.015–1.12 p=0.01 p001 1012111 1.012–1.11 ( p0 p<0. (p<0.0 10 1.0 101511 1.015–1.1 p=0.0 101211 1.012–1.1 p<0 (p<0. 1. 10151 1.015–1. p=0. 10121 1.012–1. p< (p<0 1015 1.015–1 p=0 1012 1.012–1 (p< 101 1.015– p= 1.012– (p 1.015 1.012 1.01

Abstract Introduction/objectives Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a classic prototype of the multisystem autoimmune disease and follows a relapsing and remitting course. Triptolide is a diterpene triepoxide extracted from Chinese medicine Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, with potent immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory properties. Our previous work observed that triptolide alleviated lupus in MRL/lpr lupus mice with the upregulation of regulatory T cells (Treg) proportion in previous study. In this study, we explored the proportion of follicular T regulatory (Tfr), follicular T helper (Tfh) and germinal center (GC) B cells in lupus mice and evaluated the efficacy of triptolide for lupus treatment in vivo. Methods 20 female MRL/lpr mice were randomly divided into 2 treatment groups and treated orally with vehicle or triptolide. C3H mice were all housed as controlled group and treated orally with vehicle. The percentage of Tfr cells, Tfh cells and GC B cells in spleen of mice were detected by Flow cytometric analysis and immunohistochemistry after 13 weeks of treatment. Results We found that the percentage of Tfr cells decreased in MRL/lpr mice compared with controlled mice. The percentage of Tfh cells in MRL/lpr mice was significantly higher compared with that in controlled mice. The ratio of Tfr/Tfh is also decreased in lupus mice. After treated with triptolide in MRL/Lpr mice in vivo, the percentage of Tfr cells and ratio of Tfr/Tfh increased. The proportion of GC B cells also decreased in mice treated with triptolide by FACS and immunohistochemistry. Conclusions Our results demonstrate that the effect of triptolide in alleviating lupus is partly by reversing immune imbalance with increased percentage of Tfr cells and ratio of Tfr/Tfh. Triptolide might also has effect on immune response through inhibiting proliferating GC B cells.

ABSTRACT Purpose: To observe the effect of puerarin on renal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in rats, and to explore its mechanism based on NLRP3/Caspase-1/GSDMD pathway. Methods: Twenty-one Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three groups: sham-operated group (sham), model group (RIRI), and puerarin treatment group (RIRI + Pue). The model of acute renal I/R injury was established by cutting the right kidney and clamping the left renal pedicle for 45 min. Results: Renal function parameters were statistically significant in group comparisons. The renal tissue structure of rats in sham group was basically normal. Pathological changes were observed in the RIRI group. The renal pathological damage score and apoptosis rate in the RIRI group were higher than those in the sham group, and significantly lower in the RIRI + Pue group than in the RIRI group. Indicators of oxidative stress–superoxide dismutase, malondialdehyde, and glutathione peroxidase–were statistically significant in group comparisons. Compared with the sham group, the relative expressions of NLRP3, Caspase-1 and GSDMD proteins in the RIRI group were increased. Compared with the RIRI group, the RIRI + Pue group had significant reductions. Conclusions: Puerarin can inhibit the activation of NLRP3/Caspase-1/GSDMD pathway, inhibit inflammatory response and pyroptosis, and enhance the antioxidant capacity of kidney, thereby protecting renal I/R injury in rats.