Abstract Autophagy-related gene (ATG) 5 regulates blood lipids, chronic inflammation, CD4+ T-cell differentiation, and neuronal death and is involved in post-stroke cognitive impairment. This study aimed to explore the correlation of serum ATG5 with CD4+ T cells and cognition impairment in stroke patients. Peripheral blood was collected from 180 stroke patients for serum ATG5 and T helper (Th) 1, Th2, Th17, and regulatory T (Treg) cell detection via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays and flow cytometry. The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scale was completed at enrollment, year (Y)1, Y2, and Y3 in stroke patients. Serum ATG5 was also measured in 50 healthy controls (HCs). Serum ATG5 was elevated in stroke patients compared to HCs (P<0.001) and was positively correlated to Th2 cells (P=0.022), Th17 cells (P<0.001), and Th17/Treg ratio (P<0.001) in stroke patients but not correlated with Th1 cells, Th1/Th2 ratio, or Treg cells (all P>0.050). Serum ATG5 (P=0.037), Th1 cells (P=0.022), Th17 cells (P=0.002), and Th17/Treg ratio (P=0.018) were elevated in stroke patients with MMSE score-identified cognition impairment vs those without cognition impairment, whereas Th2 cells, Th1/Th2 ratio, and Treg cells were not different between them (all P>0.050). Importantly, serum ATG5 was negatively linked with MMSE score at enrollment (P=0.004), Y1 (P=0.002), Y2 (P=0.014), and Y3 (P=0.001); moreover, it was positively related to 2-year (P=0.024) and 3-year (P=0.012) MMSE score decline in stroke patients. Serum ATG5 was positively correlated with Th2 and Th17 cells and estimated cognitive function decline in stroke patients. Autophagyrelated Autophagy ATG (ATG lipids inflammation CD4 CD Tcell differentiation poststroke post 18 Th (Th 1 (Treg enzymelinked enzyme cytometry MiniMental Mini Mental (MMSE Y1, Y (Y)1 HCs. . (HCs) P<0.001 P0001 P 0 001 (P<0.001 P=0.022, P0022 P=0.022 , 022 (P=0.022) P<0.001, Th17Treg ThTreg Th1Th2 ThTh Th1/Th all P>0.050. P0050 P>0.050 050 P>0.050) P=0.037, P0037 P=0.037 037 (P=0.037) P=0.002, P0002 P=0.002 002 (P=0.002) P=0.018 P0018 018 (P=0.018 scoreidentified identified Importantly P=0.004, P0004 P=0.004 004 (P=0.004) P=0.014, P0014 P=0.014 014 (P=0.014) P=0.001 (P=0.001) moreover 2year 2 P=0.024 P0024 024 (P=0.024 3year 3 P=0.012 P0012 012 (P=0.012 (Y) (HCs P<0.00 P000 00 (P<0.00 P002 P=0.02 02 (P=0.022 Th1Th P005 P>0.05 05 P003 P=0.03 03 (P=0.037 P=0.00 (P=0.002 P=0.01 P001 01 (P=0.01 (P=0.004 (P=0.014 (P=0.001 (P=0.02 (Y P<0.0 P00 (P<0.0 P=0.0 P>0.0 (P=0.03 (P=0.00 (P=0.0 P<0. P0 (P<0. P=0. P>0. (P=0. P<0 (P<0 P=0 P>0 (P=0 P< (P< P= P> (P= (P

Abstract Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of activity-based locomotor training (ABLT) on motor function and walking ability in children with spinal cord injury (SCI). Materials and methods: The Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, WanFang, VIP, PubMed, and Web of Science databases were searched for related studies, with two reviewers subsequently evaluating the literature quality using the Cochrane Handbook. Results: A total of 11 studies were eligible, while only one met the ABLT standard program criteria. Overall, ABLT significantly improved the lower limb motor function, increased walking speed and distance, and improved the daily living ability of children with SCI. Conclusions: The ABLT strategy is of great significance to the motor function and walking ability of children with SCI. At present, there exist few studies on the application of ABLT for pediatric SCI. Further control studies with a larger sample size are required to improve the ABLT program guidelines for children with SCI.

Resumen Objetivo: Discuta el impacto del entrenamiento ejercicio basado en la actividad en la lesión de la médula espinal en la función de movimiento de los niños y la capacidad de caminar. Materials y métodos: Según China Zhiwang, Wanfang, VIP, PubMed, Science Network y otros documentos relacionados como fuente de datos. Dos revisores usan calidad de evaluación manual de Cochrane. Resultados: Un total de 11 estudios cumplen con las condiciones. Solo hay un estudio que cumple con los proyectos estándar de ABLT. General, ABLT mejora significativamente la función de los niños con lesiones de la médula espinal, aumenta la velocidad y la distancia de caminar y mejora la capacidad de la vida diaria. Conclusión: La estrategia ABLT es de gran importancia para la función de movimiento de los niños de la médula espinal y la capacidad de caminar. En la actualidad, ABLT tiene menos investigación en lesión pediátrica de la médula espinal. Es necesario mostrar la cantidad de muestra y controlar la investigación para mejorar las pautas del plan ABLT para el daño de la médula espinal a los niños.

Abstract Hordeum californicum (H. californicum, 2n=2X=14, HcHc), one of the wild relatives of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), harbors many desirable genes and is a potential genetic resource for wheat improvement. In this study, an elite line ND646 was selected from a BC4F5 population, which was developed using 60Co-γ irradiated wheat-H. californicum disomic addition line WJ28-1 (DA6Hc) as the donor parent and Ningchun 4 as the recurrent parent. ND646 was identified as a novel wheat-H. californicum 6HcS/6BL translocation line using genomic in situ hybridization (GISH), fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), and H. californicum-specific expressed sequence tag (EST) markers. Further evaluation revealed that ND646 had excellent performance in several traits, such as a higher sedimentation value (SV), higher water absorption rate (WAR), and higher hardness index (HI). More importantly, it had more kernels per spike (KPS), a higher grain yields (GY), and good resistance to powdery mildew, leaf rust, and 2,4-D butylate (2,4-D). Its excellent phenotypic performance laid the foundation for further investigation of its genetic architecture and makes ND646 a useful germplasm resource for wheat breeding.

Abstract: Water pollution in river basins is significantly influenced by point-source and non-point-source pollutants. Compared with point-source pollutants, the identification and quantification of non-point-source pollutants are critical but difficult issues in water environmental pollution studies. The Jinghe River is one of the main tributaries of the Weihe River. However, the non-point-source pollution of this river is not well understood. In order to analyze the sources of point- and non-point loads to river water, the river water quality model QUAL2E and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) & Factor Analysis (FA) were applied simultaneously to calculate the point- and non-point-source loads of ammonia nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen, respectively, in dry and wet seasons from 2002 to 2007. The results show that NO3--N can be associated with point-source pollution, such as domestic sewage in dry seasons, but non-point-source pollution generated by precipitation in wet seasons. NH4+-N can be associated with point-source pollution throughout the year. The methods applied in this research provide reliable results on non-point-source pollution caused by storm runoff.

Resumen: La contaminación del agua en cuencas hidrológicas tiene una fuerte influencia de contaminantes puntuales y difusos. En comparación con los contaminantes puntuales, la identificación y cuantificación de los contaminantes difusos es un tema de gran importancia, pero difícil, en los estudios de contaminación ambiental del agua. El río Jinghe es uno de los principales tributarios del río Weihe; sin embargo, la contaminación difusa de este río no se ha dilucidado del todo. Con el fin de analizar las fuentes de cargas puntuales y difusas hacia el agua del río se aplicaron simultáneamente el modelo QUAL2E, el Análisis de Componente Principal (PCA) y el Análisis de Factores (FA) para calcular las cargas puntuales y difusas de nitrógeno amoniacal y de nitrógeno nítrico, respectivamente, en las temporadas seca y húmeda de 2002 a 2007. Los resultados muestran que el NO3N puede estar asociado con contaminación puntual, como la producida por aguas residuales domésticas, en la temporada seca, pero con la contaminación difusa generada por la precipitación en las temporadas húmedas. El NH4+N puede estar asociado con la contaminación puntual durante todo el año. Los métodos aplicados en este estudio proporcionan resultados confiables en la contaminación difusa ocasionada por escurrimientos pluviales.

RESUMO Objetivo Avaliar o efeito da manutenção de eletroconvulsoterapia modificada (ECTM) em pacientes com esquizofrenia. Métodos Entre junho de 2012 a junho de 2014, 62 pacientes, com esquizofrenia e que apresentaram recuperação bem-sucedida após ECTM aguda, foram recrutados. Um grupo experimental de trinta e um pacientes recebeu ECTM de manutenção e risperidona. Os demais pacientes foram incluídos no grupo controle, recebendo apenas a risperidona. Determinou-se os efeitos sobre as funções cognitivas, os sintomas clínicos e a taxa de recidiva. Resultados Os pacientes do grupo experimental tiveram menor taxa de recidiva e maior tempo de sobrevida livre de recidiva do que os do grupo controle. Em relação à avaliação inicial, os pacientes apresentaram melhora estatisticamente significativa da memória verbal e da memória visual. Na avaliação final, os escores de memória verbal e visual foram extraordinariamente menores no grupo experimental do que no grupo controle, mas não se observou diferenças significativas em outros testes. Conclusão A ECTM de manutenção combinada à medicação é superior ao uso apenas de medicação na prevenção de recidivas e na melhora da função cognitiva.

ABSTRACT Objective To evaluate the effect of maintenance modified electroconvulsive therapy (MECT) on schizophrenic patients. Methods From June 2012 to June 2014, 62 patients with schizophrenia, who had recovered from a successful course of acute MECT, were recruited. Thirty-one patients received maintenance MECT and risperidone, as the experimental group. Another 31 patients were enrolled in the control group, and received risperidone only. The effects on cognitive functions, clinical symptoms and relapse rate were determined. Results Patients in the experimental group had a lower relapse rate and longer relapse-free survival time than the controls. Relative to the baseline evaluation, patients showed statistically significant improvement in verbal memory and visual memory. At the final assessment, the scores of verbal and visual memory were remarkably lower in the experimental group than the controls but there was no significant difference in other tests. Conclusion Maintenance MECT plus medication is superior to medication alone in preventing relapse and improving cognitive function.