Abstract The globally widespread genus Sulfurimonas are playing important roles in different habitats, including the deep-sea hydrothermal vents. However, phages infecting Sulfurimonas have never been isolated and characterized to date. In the present study, a novel prophage SNW-1 was identified from Sulfurimonas indica NW79. Whole genome sequencing resulted in a circular, double-stranded DNA molecule of 37,096 bp with a mol% G+C content of 37. The genome includes 64 putative open reading frames, 33 of which code for proteins with predicted functions. Presence of hallmark genes associated with Caudoviricetes and genes involved in lysis and lysogeny indicated that SNW-1 should be a temperate, tailed phage. Phylogenetic and comparative proteomic analyses suggested that Sulfurimonas phage SNW-1 was distinct from other double stranded DNA phages and might represent a new viral genus. habitats deepsea deep sea vents However date study SNW1 SNW 1 SNW- NW79 NW circular doublestranded 37096 37 096 37,09 mol GC G C 6 frames 3 functions temperate NW7 3709 09 37,0 370 0 37,

Epidemiological surveys show that the incidence of age-related dementia and cognitive impairment is increasing and it has been a heavy burden for society, families, and healthcare systems, making the preservation of cognitive function in an increasingly aging population a major challenge. Exercise is beneficial for brain health, and FDNC5/irisin, a new exercise-induced myokine, is thought to be a beneficial mediator to cognitive function and plays an important role in the crosstalk between skeletal muscle and brain. This review provides a critical assessment of the recent progress in both fundamental and clinical research of FDNC5/irisin in dementia and cognitive impairment-related disorders. Furthermore, we present a novel perspective on the therapeutic effectiveness of FDNC5/irisin in alleviating these conditions. agerelated age related society families systems challenge health FDNC5irisin FDNCirisin FDNC5 irisin FDNC exerciseinduced exercise induced myokine impairmentrelated disorders Furthermore conditions

RESUMO Introdução: O boxe é um esporte global, incluindo táticas, corpo e mente para uma luta intensa. Os atletas precisam de muita força, velocidade, resistência, agilidade e resistência. Através do treinamento profissional, a agilidade e o controle corporal dos atletas são continuamente melhorados. Objetivo: Desenvolver um treinamento especial de aptidão física para boxeadores profissionais. Esta conclusão pode fornecer uma referência para o ensino e treinamento do boxe. Métodos: Este artigo estuda o treinamento especial de boxeadores profissionais empregando materiais de literatura, entrevistas com especialistas e métodos de auto experiência. Faz-se análise dos resultados empregando estatísticas matemáticas. Resultados: Este trabalho encontrou vários métodos particulares de treinamento de boxe, tais como treinamento de alta intensidade, intensivo e de desenvolvimento, através de análise. Conclusão: O treinamento profissional tem um efeito particular de promoção na melhoria da aptidão física e do nível de competição dos boxeadores. Nível de evidência II; Estudos terapêuticos - investigação dos resultados do tratamento.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Boxing is a global sport, including tactics, body, and mind for intense fighting. Athletes need high strength, speed, endurance, agility, and endurance. Through professional training, athletes’ agility and body control are continuously improved. Objective: To develop special fitness training for professional boxers. This conclusion can provide a reference for boxing education and training. Methods: This paper studies the special training of professional boxers by employing literature materials, expert interviews, and self-experience methods. Analysis of the results is done using mathematical statistics. Results: This paper found several particular boxing training methods, such as high-intensity, intensive and developmental training, through analysis. Conclusion: Professional training has a particular promoting effect on improving the physical fitness and competition level of boxers. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.

RESUMEN Introducción: El boxeo es un deporte global, que incluye la táctica, el cuerpo y la mente para un combate intenso. Los atletas necesitan mucha fuerza, velocidad, resistencia, agilidad y resistencia. Gracias al entrenamiento profesional, la agilidad y el control corporal de los atletas mejoran continuamente. Objetivo: Desarrollar un entrenamiento físico especial para boxeadores profesionales. Esta conclusión puede servir de referencia para la educación y la formación del boxeo. Métodos: Este trabajo estudia el entrenamiento especial de los boxeadores profesionales empleando materiales bibliográficos, entrevistas con expertos y métodos de auto experiencia. El análisis de los resultados se realiza mediante estadísticas matemáticas. Resultados: Este trabajo encontró varios métodos particulares de entrenamiento de boxeo como el entrenamiento de alta intensidad, intensivo y de desarrollo a través del análisis. Conclusión: El entrenamiento profesional tiene un efecto especial de promoción en la mejora de la condición física y el nivel de competición de los boxeadores. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos - investigación de los resultados del tratamiento.

ABSTRACT Objectives: We examined the expression of Lnc-ZFAS1 in osteosarcoma and comprehensively evaluated its effects on osteosarcoma in vitro and vivo. Moreover, we revealed the regulatory mechanism between Lnc-ZFAS1 and miR-520b/miR-520e-mediated RHOC and provided a novel clue for ameliorating osteosarcoma. Method: The expression of Long non-coding RNA Zinc Finger Antisense 1 (LncRNA ZFAS1) osteosarcoma tissues and normal tissues in the TCGA database was analyzed. Then, LncRNA ZFAS1 expression was further verified in clinical samples and osteosarcoma cell lines (U2OS and KHOS), as well as the human osteoblast cell line hFOB1.19 by qRT-PCR. Thereafter, LncRNA ZFAS1 was overexpressed or silenced to explore its effects on cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, invasion, and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT). The fundamental mechanism through which Lnc-ZFAS1 affects osteosarcoma progression was further investigated and verified. Results: We found that LncRNA ZFAS1 was upregulated in osteosarcoma, and Lnc-ZFAS1 overexpression facilitated osteosarcoma cells proliferation, migration, invasion and EMT, while Lnc-ZFAS1 silence exerted reverse influence. Mechanistically, Lnc-ZFAS1 functionally acted as a sponger of microRNA-520b (miR-520b) and micro-RNA-520e (miR-520e) to up-regulate Ras Homologue C (RHOC). In addition, depleted Lnc-ZFAS1 restrained osteosarcoma cells proliferation, migration, and invasion, which could be rescued by RHOC overexpression. Lnc-ZFAS1 was upregulated in osteosarcoma and Lnc-ZFAS1 could exert promoted impact upon osteosarcoma cells proliferation, migration, invasion, and EMT in vitro. Conclusions: Lnc-ZFAS1 acted sponger of miR-520b and miR-520e to promote RHOC, indicating that Lnc-ZFAS1/miR-520b/RHOC and Lnc-ZFAS1/miR-520e/RHOC axes might serve as potential therapeutic strategies against osteosarcoma. Objectives LncZFAS1 LncZFAS Lnc ZFAS Lnc-ZFAS vivo Moreover miR520b/miR520emediated miR520bmiR520emediated miRbmiRemediated miR 520b/miR 520e mediated 520b b e Method noncoding non coding analyzed Then U2OS UOS U OS KHOS, KHOS , KHOS) hFOB119 hFOB hFOB1 19 hFOB1.1 qRTPCR. qRTPCR qRT PCR. PCR qRT-PCR Thereafter proliferation apoptosis migration EpithelialMesenchymal Epithelial Mesenchymal EMT. . (EMT) Results influence Mechanistically microRNA520b microRNAb microRNA miR520b miRb (miR-520b microRNA520e microRNAe micro miR520e miRe (miR-520e upregulate up regulate RHOC. (RHOC) addition Conclusions LncZFAS1/miR520b/RHOC LncZFAS1miR520bRHOC LncZFASmiRbRHOC ZFAS1/miR 520b/RHOC LncZFAS1/miR520e/RHOC LncZFAS1miR520eRHOC LncZFASmiReRHOC 520e/RHOC miR520emediated emediated bmiR 520bmiR hFOB11 hFOB1. (EMT (RHOC bRHOC ZFAS1miR ZFASmiR 520bRHOC eRHOC 520eRHOC miRemediated

RESUMEN Introducción: La alteración más evidente durante el ejercicio es el aumento de la demanda de oxígeno y los ejercicios prolongados de alta intensidad pueden incidir aún más en esta demanda. El entrenamiento físico con cargas progresivas es un método que pretende alcanzar los objetivos de entrenamiento ajustando factores como la carga inicial, la carga por etapas y la carga de los atletas y puede ser un monitor del ejercicio aeróbico y anaeróbico en el atleta con beneficios potenciales para la alta demanda de oxigenación. Objetivo: Estudiar las alteraciones en la frecuencia cardíaca y en los índices de resistencia cardiorrespiratoria de los velocistas bajo tratamiento con cargas progresivas. Métodos: Seleccionamos a 15 velocistas masculinos y a 15 hombres no practicantes como voluntarios de la investigación mediante un muestreo aleatorio. Los sujetos se sometieron a un protocolo con entrenamiento de carga progresiva en plataforma. Todos los sujetos fueron sometidos a la prueba de función cardiopulmonar de Kosmai italiano antes y después del entrenamiento. Resultados: Los sujetos que no practicaban el deporte presentaron valores de VO2máx a una intensidad de ejercicio de 13 km/h. El VO2máx de los velocistas era de 15 km/h. Los individuos que no eran velocistas en general mostraron niveles de VT más bajos que los velocistas (P <0,05). La media de los no-principiantes mostró mayores puntuaciones MET que los velocistas. Conclusión: Los niveles de resistencia cardiopulmonar y de metabolismo energético están fuertemente relacionados con la participación a largo plazo en la actividad física y la intensidad del ejercicio. El entrenamiento de carga incremental mejoró la aptitud cardiorrespiratoria de los velocistas. Los resultados pueden proporcionar una base teórica específica para el entrenamiento diario de los velocistas en el futuro. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos - investigación de los resultados del tratamiento. Introducción inicial oxigenación Objetivo Métodos 1 aleatorio plataforma Resultados VOmáx VO máx kmh km h km/h P <0,05. 005 <0,05 . 0 05 <0,05) noprincipiantes principiantes Conclusión futuro II 00 <0,0 <0, <0 <

RESUMO Introdução: A alteração mais evidente durante o exercício é o aumento da demanda de oxigênio e os exercícios prolongados de alta intensidade podem impactar ainda mais nessa demanda. O treinamento físico com cargas progressivas é um método que visa atingir as metas de treinamento ajustando fatores como carga inicial, carga de estágio e uma carga dos atletas e pode ser um monitor do exercício aeróbico e anaeróbico sobre o atleta com potenciais benefícios para a alta demanda de oxigenação. Objetivo: Estudar as alterações na frequência cardíaca e nos índices de resistência cardiorrespiratória de velocistas sob treinamento com cargas progressivas. Métodos: Selecionou-se 15 velocistas do sexo masculino e 15 homens que não praticavam o esporte como voluntários de pesquisa por amostragem aleatória. Os sujeitos do estudo realizaram um protocolo com treinamento de cargas progressivas em plataforma. Todos os indivíduos foram submetidos ao teste de função cardiopulmonar Italian Kosmai antes e após o treinamento. Resultados: Os indivíduos que não praticavam o esporte apresentaram valores de VO2max em uma intensidade de exercício de 13 km/h. O VO2max máximo para velocistas foi de 15 km/h. Indivíduos que não eram velocistas em geral apresentaram níveis de VT mais baixos do que os velocistas (P <0,05). Os não velocistas médios demonstraram pontuações MET mais altas do que os velocistas. Conclusão: A resistência cardiopulmonar e os níveis de metabolismo energético estão fortemente relacionados com a participação a longo prazo na atividade física e intensidade do exercício. O treinamento de carga incremental melhorou a aptidão cardiorrespiratória em velocistas. Os resultados podem fornecer uma base teórica específica para o treinamento diário de velocistas no futuro. Nível de evidência II; Estudos terapêuticos - investigação dos resultados do tratamento. Introdução inicial oxigenação Objetivo Métodos Selecionouse Selecionou se 1 aleatória plataforma Resultados VOmax VO max kmh km h km/h P <0,05. 005 <0,05 . 0 05 <0,05) Conclusão futuro II tratamento 00 <0,0 <0, <0 <

ABSTRACT Introduction: The most evident change during exercise is the increase in oxygen demand, and prolonged high-intensity exercises may impact this even more on this demand. Physical training with progressive loads is a method that aims to reach the training goals by adjusting factors such as initial load, stage load, and a load of the athletes and can be a monitor of the aerobic and anaerobic exercise on the athlete with potential benefits for the high demand of oxygenation. Objective: Study the changes in heart rate and indexes of cardiorespiratory endurance of sprinters under training with progressive loads. Methods: By random sampling, the study subjects were 15 male sprinters and 15 non-sportsmen as research volunteers. The study subjects performed a protocol with progressive load training on a platform. All subjects underwent the Italian Kosmai cardiopulmonary function test before and after training. Results: The subjects who did not practice the sport showed VO2 max values at an exercise intensity of 13 km/h. The VO2 max maximum for sprinters was 15 km/h. Individuals who were not sprinters generally showed lower VT levels than sprinters (P <0.05). Average non-speeder individuals demonstrated higher MET scores than sprinters. Conclusion: Cardiopulmonary endurance and energy metabolism levels are strongly related to long-term participation in physical activity and exercise intensity. Incremental load training improved cardiorespiratory fitness in sprinters. The results may provide a specific theoretical basis for the daily training of sprinters in the future. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes. Introduction highintensity oxygenation Objective Methods sampling 1 nonsportsmen non sportsmen volunteers platform Results VO kmh km h km/h P <0.05. 005 <0.05 . 0 05 <0.05) nonspeeder speeder Conclusion longterm long term future II outcomes 00 <0.0 <0. <0 <

RESUMEN Introducción: Las carreras de maratón requieren prácticas de estiramiento para aliviar la fatiga tras el ejercicio. La técnica de Facilitación Neuromuscular Propioceptiva (PNF) es una técnica avanzada de estiramiento que permite segmentar un grupo muscular específico, para estirar y fortalecer simultáneamente. Objetivo: Este trabajo pretende explorar el efecto del ejercicio de estiramiento PNF en el alivio de la fatiga deportiva tras carreras de maratón. Métodos: En este trabajo, se seleccionaron 160 corredores de maratón para el experimento, divididos aleatoriamente en grupos experimental y de control. El grupo experimental realizó el ejercicio de estiramiento PNF, mientras que el grupo de control permaneció con el estiramiento tradicional, sin ninguna nueva intervención. La fatiga se evaluó en función de la frecuencia cardiaca, recogida antes, durante y después del experimento. Resultados: Tras nueve semanas de entrenamiento de estiramientos PNF, la frecuencia cardiaca del grupo experimental pasó de 65,35 a 62,46 por la mañana; durante el entrenamiento, la frecuencia cardiaca del grupo pasó de 180,79 a 173,04; tras la recuperación, la frecuencia cardiaca del primer grupo pasó de 82,88 a 81,88. En el grupo de control, la frecuencia cardiaca del grupo también mostró cambios de 65,29 a 68,86 por la mañana; durante el entrenamiento, cambió de 180,7 a 175,49; y tras la recuperación, de 86,23 a 88,4. Conclusión: El ejercicio de estiramiento PNF tiene un efecto positivo en el alivio de la fatiga deportiva después de correr un maratón. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos - investigación de los resultados del tratamiento. Introducción (PNF específico simultáneamente Objetivo Métodos 16 experimento tradicional intervención antes Resultados 6535 65 35 65,3 6246 62 46 62,4 mañana 18079 180 79 173,04 17304 173 04 recuperación 8288 82 88 82,8 8188 81 81,88 6529 29 65,2 6886 68 86 68,8 1807 7 180, 175,49 17549 175 49 8623 23 86,2 884 4 88,4 Conclusión II tratamiento 1 653 6 3 65, 624 62, 18 173,0 1730 17 0 828 8 82, 818 81,8 652 2 688 68, 175,4 1754 862 86, 88, 173, 81, 175,

RESUMO Introdução: A corrida de maratona requer práticas de alongamento para aliviar a fadiga após o exercício. A técnica de Facilitação Neuromuscular Proprioceptiva (PNF) é uma técnica avançada de alongamento que permite segmentar um grupo muscular específico, para alongamento e fortalecimento simultâneos. Objetivo: Este artigo tenta explorar o efeito do exercício de alongamento PNF no alívio da fadiga esportiva após corridas de maratona. Métodos: Neste artigo, 160 corredores de maratona foram selecionados para o experimento, divididos aleatoriamente em grupos experimental e controle. O grupo experimental fez o exercício de alongamento PNF, enquanto o grupo de controle permaneceu com o alongamento tradicional, sem qualquer nova intervenção. A fadiga foi avaliada segundo a frequência cardíaca, coletada antes, durante e após o experimento. Resultados: Após nove semanas de treinamento de alongamento PNF, a frequência cardíaca no grupo experimental alterou-se de 65,35 para 62,46 pela manhã; durante o treinamento, a frequência cardíaca do grupo alterou-se de 180,79 para 173,04; após a recuperação, a frequência cardíaca do primeiro grupo alterou-se de 82,88 para 81,88. No grupo de controle, a frequência cardíaca do grupo também exibiu alterações de 65,29 para 68,86 pela manhã; Durante o treinamento, mudou de 180,7 para 175,49; e após a recuperação, de 86,23 para 88,4. Conclusão: O exercício de alongamento PNF tem um efeito positivo no alívio da fadiga esportiva após corridas de maratona. Nível de evidência II; Estudos terapêuticos - investigação dos resultados do tratamento. Introdução (PNF específico simultâneos Objetivo Métodos 16 experimento tradicional intervenção antes Resultados alterouse alterou se 6535 65 35 65,3 6246 62 46 62,4 manhã 18079 180 79 173,04 17304 173 04 recuperação 8288 82 88 82,8 8188 81 81,88 6529 29 65,2 6886 68 86 68,8 1807 7 180, 175,49 17549 175 49 8623 23 86,2 884 4 88,4 Conclusão II tratamento 1 653 6 3 65, 624 62, 18 173,0 1730 17 0 828 8 82, 818 81,8 652 2 688 68, 175,4 1754 862 86, 88, 173, 81, 175,

ABSTRACT Introduction: Marathon running requires stretching practices to relieve fatigue after exercise. The Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF) technique is an advanced stretching technique that allows segmenting of a specific muscle group for simultaneous stretching and strengthening. Objective: This paper explores the effect of PNF stretching exercise on relieving sports fatigue after marathon races. Methods: In this paper, 160 marathon runners were selected for the experiment, and randomly divided into experimental and control groups. The experimental group performed the PNF stretching exercise, while the control group remained with traditional stretching without any new intervention. Fatigue was assessed according to the heart rate, collected before, during, and after the experiment. Results: After nine weeks of PNF stretching training, the heart rate in the experimental group changed from 65.35 to 62.46 in the morning; during training, the group’s heart rate changed from 180.79 to 173.04; after recovery, the first group’s heart rate changed from 82.88 to 81.88. In the control group, the heart rate of the group also showed changes from 65.29 to 68.86 in the morning; during training, it changed from 180.7 to 175.49; and after recovery, from 86.23 to 88.4. Conclusion: PNF stretching exercise has a positive effect on relieving sports fatigue after marathon races. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes. Introduction (PNF strengthening Objective races Methods 16 experiment groups intervention before Results training 6535 65 35 65.3 6246 62 46 62.4 morning s 18079 180 79 173.04 17304 173 04 recovery 8288 82 88 82.8 8188 81 81.88 6529 29 65.2 6886 68 86 68.8 1807 7 180. 175.49 17549 175 49 8623 23 86.2 884 4 88.4 Conclusion II outcomes 1 653 6 3 65. 624 62. 18 173.0 1730 17 0 828 8 82. 818 81.8 652 2 688 68. 175.4 1754 862 86. 88. 173. 81. 175.

Abstract The modification of zein with sodium trimetaphosphate (STMP) as a cross-linking agent was studied. The effects of the mass ratio of STMP to zein (RS/Z), pH, reaction temperature and time on the rheological properties of modified zein solution (Z-SP) were evaluated. By using response surface methodology, the optimal modification conditions were also determined as following: RS/Z 0.03, pH 6.8, reaction time 2 h, reaction temperature 25 °C. Under these conditions, the observed shear stress of Z-SP solution was 35.0025 Pa, close to the predicted value. Compared with natural zein, the viscosity of Z-SP increased with the increasing shear rate, which was attributed to the structural changes, as evidenced by circular dichroism (CD) and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) analysis.

Abstract This study was aimed at evaluation of effects of ball-milled roasted chickpea (RC) powder on physicochemical, rheological and sensorial properties of yogurt supplemented with RC levels of 1 (RCY1), 2 (RCY2), 3 (RCY3), 4 (RCY4), and 5 g/100 mL (RCY5). Results showed a gradual decline in the pH of pre-inoculated samples with corresponding increases in powder concentration from 1 to 5 g/ 100 mL. Degrees of lightness and yellowness increased in supplemented samples as compared to control (RCY0). Higher firmness was exhibited by RCY3 and RCY5 samples in the range of 59.39-78.56 g. RCY3 showed the highest consistency value (1480.214 g/s). Overall, the syneresis was significantly lower (p<0.05) in supplemented samples as compared to control. The addition levels of more than 3% RC resulted in smoother and more gradual dispersive patterns of particles, and RCY4 showed the most prominent polydispersity and resembled RCY5. Comparatively, supplemented samples exhibited a significantly lower degree of shear-thinning as compared to control samples. RCY5 showed the maximum texture score among all supplemented samples, and supplemented samples showed comparable sensory attributes to those of control samples. It was evident from this study that RC powder can be employed as a functional food ingredient in yogurt production.

Abstract To explore characteristics of patients with pneumonia infected by 2019 Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) in 2019 outside Hubei Province, China. 40 patients with pneumonia infected by COVID-19 which were confirmed by COVID-19 nucleic acid test were included. Procalcitonin (PCT), serum amyloid A (SAA), C-reactive protein (CRP) and computed tomography (CT) manifestations were analyzed. 40% of patients had clear contact history with Wuhan or other areas of Hubei Province. 60% of patients were clustered diseases and 40% were imported cases. 75% of patients had initial fever, 7.5% had cough, 5% had sore throat at first. 45% had decreased lymphocyte count, 72.5% and 55% patients had increased levels of SAA and CRP. 72.5% of the patients showed multiple ground glass lesions in one or two lungs on chest CT. 90% of the patients with pneumonia are of the common type, and α-interferon atomization inhalation combined with Lopinavir/Ritonavir tablets were given to patients during treatment. 62.5% of the patients were treated with antibiotics, and 15% with hormone. All patients improved after treatment, and 14 patients were cured and discharged. Family cluster infection and asymptomatic infection may be the main way of spreading of COVID-19 pneumonia outside Hubei Province in China.

Abstract Hard textural attributes of chickpea necessitate the employment of specialized pretreatment prior to roasting. As compared to frying, the Intensification of Vaporization by Decompression to the Vacuum (IVDV) as a vacuum expansion (VE) technique was utilized to improve and preserve the nutritional, textural, and structural properties of chickpeas. It was clearly demonstrated that frying (FR) caused decrease in degrees of lightness in chickpeas as compared to VE samples. Raw and VE samples showed a combination of green and red colors. VE caused C=O stretching in chickpeas and imparted desirable color. The surface fissures were more evident in FR grains as compared to VE grains. The grain structure was modified from largely ovoid to round or spherical forms. Enhanced cross-linking was observed in VE samples due to stable rheological properties. IVDV improved nutritional, color and structural attributes of chickpeas were preserved after texturization.

ABSTRACT Purpose To evaluate the effect of ergosterol combined with risedronate on fracture healing. Methods Sixty male Sprague Dawley fracture model rats were assigned into group A (n=20), group B (n=20), and group C (n=20) at random. All rats were fed by gavage until their sacrifice as it follows: group A with ergosteroside and risedronate, group B with risedronate, and group C with saline solution. At weeks 2 and 4, 10 rats of each group were sacrificed. Healing effect and bone tissue changes in the fractures site were assessed by using hematoxylin and eosin stain histology. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect the expression of serum bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2), bone morphogenetic protein-7 (BMP-7), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction was applied to detect the expression of osteoprotegerin (OPG) mRNA, osteocalcin (OCN) mRNA and core-binding factor subunit-?1 (CBF-?1) mRNA. Results In terms of serum BMP-2, BMP-7, and VEGF expression at weeks 2 and 4 after gavage, group A < group B < group C (P<0.05). At week 4 after gavage, serum VEGF expression in the three groups harbored positive relationship with serum BMP-2 and BMP-7 expression (P<0.05). Regarding serum OPG, OCN and CBF-?1 mRNA expression at weeks 2 and 4 after gavage, group A <group B <group C (P<0.05). Hematoxylin and eosin staining results showed that the recovery effect of trabecular bone and callus in the cases of group A was better than the other two groups after intragastric administration. Conclusion Ergosteroside combined risedronate can patently ameliorate the healing effect of fracture in rats.

Abstract Coronavirus disease (COVID-19), caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has been declared a pandemic. We herein report four COVID-19 cases with long-term positive viral ribonucleic acid (RNA) for about 61 days. Despite treatment with recombinant human interferon, convalescent plasma from COVID-19 patients, arbidol, etc., nucleic acid results were still positive for SARS-CoV-2. After treatment with ritonavir-boosted danoprevir (DNVr, 100/100 mg, once daily), all four patients showed two to three consecutive negative SARS-CoV-2 RNA and were thus discharged from hospital. Therefore, DNVr may be a potentially effective antiviral for COVID-19 patients with long-term positive SARS-CoV-2 RNA.

ABSTRACT We evaluated the difference between rumen bacteria in Tan sheep fed either by grazing or in a feedlot. The aim was to provide a theoretical basis for ruminant nutrition and meat quality based on rumen fermentation. Twenty-four three-month-old Tan sheep were randomly and equally divided into two groups, the grazing group and ration group. Five sheep of each group were selected for slaughter at six months of age. Ruminal contents were collected and assessed to identify rumen bacteria, based on 16S rDNA sequencing analysis. A total of 17 phyla were identified, among which Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, and Proteobacteria were dominant in both groups. The abundance of Firmicutes was higher in grazing group than in the ration group, while that of Proteobacteria was opposite. Besides the dominant phyla differences, the abundance of Fibrobacteres, Tenericutes, Elusimicrobia, and Cyanobacteria was significantly higher in the grazing group compared with the ration group. At genus level, a total of 174 genera were identified. The abundance of Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group, Dialister, Lachnospiraceae_NA, Catonella, Ruminococcaceae_UCG-014, Lachnospiraceae_NK3A20_group, and Fibrobacter in the grazing group was higher than in the ration group. However, the abundance of Succinivibrionaceae_NA was lower in the grazing group, and Succinivibrionaceae_UCG-001 showed a decreasing trend in the grazing group. The two feeding methods may influence the rumen bacterial composition, including the abundance of dominant bacteria, as well as the cellulolytic- and carbohydrate-degrading bacteria in the rumen of Tan sheep.

Abstract Purpose: To investigate the effect of alprostadil on myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) in rats. Methods: Rats were subjected to myocardial ischemia for 30 min followed by 24h reperfusion. Alprostadil (4 or 8 μg/kg) was intravenously administered at the time of reperfusion and myocardial infarct size, levels of troponin T, and the activity of creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in the serum were measured. Antioxidative parameters, nitric oxide (NO) content and phosphorylated endothelial nitric oxide synthase 3 (p-eNOS) expression in the left ventricles were also measured. Histopathological examinations of the left ventricles were also performed. Results: Alprostadil treatment significantly reduced myocardial infarct size, serum troponin T levels, and CK-MB and LDH activity (P<0.05). Furthermore, treatment with alprostadil significantly decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) content (P<0.05) and markedly reduced myonecrosis, edema and infiltration of inflammatory cells. Superoxide dismutase and catalase activities (P<0.05), NO level (P<0.01) and p-eNOS (P<0.05) were significantly increased in rats treated with alprostadil compared with control rats. Conclusion: These results indicate that alprostadil protects against myocardial I/R injury and that these protective effects are achieved, at least in part, via the promotion of antioxidant activity and activation of eNOS.

Objective To analyse the epidemiology of measles in China and determine the progress made towards the national elimination of the disease. Methods We analysed measles surveillance data – on the age, sex, residence and vaccination status of each case and the corresponding outcome, dates of onset and report and laboratory results – collected between January 2005 and October 2013. Findings Between 2005 and October 2013, 596 391 measles cases and 368 measles-related deaths were reported in China. Annual incidence, in cases per 100 000 population, decreased from 9.95 in 2008 to 0.46 in 2012 but then rose to more than 1.96 in 2013. The number of provinces that reported an annual incidence of less than one case per million population increased from one in 2009 to 15 in 2012 but fell back to one in 2013. Median case age decreased from 83 months in 2005 to 14 months in 2012 and 11 months in January to October 2013. Between 2008 and 2012, the incidence of measles in all age groups, including those not targeted for vaccination, decreased by at least 93.6%. However, resurgence started in late 2012 and continued into 2013. Of the cases reported in January to October 2013, 40% were aged 8 months to 6 years. Conclusion Although there is evidence of progress towards the elimination of measles from China, resurgence in 2013 indicated that many children were still not being vaccinated on time. Routine immunization must be strengthened and the remaining immunity gaps need to be identified and filled.

Resumen Objetivo Analizar la epidemiología del sarampión en China y determinar el progreso hecho hacia la erradicación nacional de la enfermedad. Métodos Hemos analizado los datos de vigilancia del sarampión recogidos entre enero de 2005 y octubre de 2013 en base a la edad, el sexo, la residencia y el estado de vacunación de cada caso y el resultado correspondiente, las fechas de inicio de la enfermedad y de su comunicación, y los resultados de laboratorio. Resultados Entre 2005 y octubre de 2013, se registraron 596 391 casos de sarampión y 368 muertes relacionadas con el sarampión en China. La incidencia anual, en casos por 100 000 habitantes, descendió del 9,95 en 2008 al 0,46 en 2012, pero volvió a aumentar en el 2013 hasta más del 1,96. El número de provincias que informó acerca de una incidencia anual de menos de un caso por millón de habitantes aumentó de una en 2009 a 15 en 2012, pero volvió a caer a una en 2013. La edad media de los casos disminuyó de 83 a 14 meses en 2012, y a 11 meses de enero a octubre de 2013. Entre 2008 y 2012, la incidencia del sarampión en todos los grupos de edad, incluidos los que no estaban incluidos en la vacunación, se redujo en al menos un 93,6 %. Sin embargo, un resurgimiento comenzó a finales de 2012 y continuó en 2013. De los casos comunicados de enero a octubre de 2013, el 40 % tenía entre 8 meses y 6 años. Conclusión Aunque hay pruebas de los progresos hacia la erradicación del sarampión en China, el resurgimiento en el año 2013 mostró que todavía hay muchos niños que no reciben la vacuna a tiempo. Es necesario reforzar la vacunación sistemática e identificar y completar las lagunas restantes en la inmunización.

Résumé Objectif Analyser l'épidémiologie de la rougeole en Chine et déterminer les progrès réalisés sur la voie de l'élimination nationale de la maladie. Méthodes Nous avons analysé les données de surveillance de la rougeole – concernant l'âge, le sexe, le lieu de résidence et le statut vaccinal de chaque cas et les résultats correspondants, les dates de l'apparition et de signalement de la maladie, et les résultats de laboratoire –collectées entre janvier 2005 et octobre 2013 Résultats Entre 2005 et octobre 2013, 596 391 cas de rougeole et 368 décès liés à la rougeole ont été signalés en Chine. L'incidence annuelle exprimée en cas pour 100 000 habitants a diminué de 9,95 en 2008 à 0,46 en 2012, mais a ensuite augmenté à plus de 1,96 en 2013. Le nombre de provinces ayant signalé une incidence annuelle inférieure à un cas pour un million d'habitants a augmenté de 1 en 2009 à 15 en 2012, mais est retombé à 1 en 2013. L'âge médian des cas a diminué de 83 mois en 2005 à 14 mois en 2012 et à 11 mois pendant la période allant de janvier à octobre 2013. Entre 2008 et 2012, l'incidence de la rougeole dans tous les groupes d'âge, y compris ceux qui ne sont pas ciblés pour la vaccination, a diminué d'au moins 93,6%. Cependant, la résurgence a commencé à la fin de l'année 2012 et s'est poursuivie en 2013. Parmi les cas signalés de janvier à octobre 2013, 40% étaient âgés de 8 mois à 6 ans. Conclusion Bien qu'il y ait des preuves de progrès vers l'objectif d'élimination de la rougeole en Chine, la résurgence de 2013 indique que de nombreux enfants n'étaient toujours pas vaccinés à temps. La vaccination de routine doit être renforcée et les lacunes immunitaires restantes doivent être identifiées et comblées.