ABSTRACT Purpose: This study aims to evaluate the safety and efficacy of ultrasound-guided balloon dilation compared to non-balloon dilation for percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL). Materials and methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted by searching PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library. Results were filtered using predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria as described and meta-analysis was performed using Review Manager 5.4 software. Results: A total of six studies involving 1189 patients who underwent PCNL were included. The meta-analysis results demonstrated that compared to non-balloon dilation, balloon dilation was associated with reduced haemoglobin drop [mean difference (MD) = -0.26, 95% CI = -0.40 ~ -0.12, P = 0.0002], decreased transfusion rate [odds ratio (OR) = 0.47, 95% CI = 0.24 ~ 0.92, P = 0.03], shorter tract establishment time (MD = -1.30, 95% CI = -1.87 ~ -0.72, P < 0.0001) and shorter operation time (MD = -5.23, 95% CI = -10.19 ~ -0.27, P = 0.04). Conclusions: Overall, ultrasound-guided balloon dilatation offered several advantages in PCNL procedures. It facilitated faster access establishment, as evidenced by shorter access creation time. Additionally, it reduced the risk of kidney injury by minimizing postoperative haemoglobin drop and decreasing the need for transfusions. Moreover, it enhanced the efficiency of surgery by reducing the operation time. However, it is important to note that the quality of some included studies was subpar, as they did not adequately control for confounding factors that may affect the outcomes. Therefore, further research is necessary to validate and strengthen these findings. Purpose ultrasoundguided ultrasound guided nonballoon non PCNL. . (PCNL) methods metaanalysis meta analysis PubMed EMBASE Library 54 5 4 5. software 118 mean MD 0.26, 026 0 26 -0.26 95 0.40 040 40 -0.4 0.12, 012 12 -0.12 0.0002, 00002 0.0002 , 0002 0.0002] odds OR (OR 047 47 0.47 024 24 0.2 092 92 0.92 0.03, 003 0.03 03 0.03] 1.30, 130 1 30 -1.30 1.87 187 87 -1.8 0.72, 072 72 -0.72 0.0001 00001 0001 5.23, 523 23 -5.23 10.19 1019 10 19 -10.1 0.27, 027 27 -0.27 0.04. 004 0.04 04 0.04) Conclusions Overall procedures Additionally transfusions Moreover However subpar outcomes Therefore findings (PCNL 11 0.26 02 2 -0.2 9 0.4 -0. 0.12 01 -0.1 0000 0.000 000 0. 09 0.9 00 0.0 1.30 13 3 -1.3 1.8 18 8 -1. 0.72 07 7 -0.7 5.23 52 -5.2 10.1 101 -10. 0.27 -0 0.1 0.00 1.3 1. -1 0.7 5.2 -5. 10. -10 - -5

ABSTRACT The plastic film materials are a widely used agricultural means of production. Recently, two types of new agricultural film mulches are developed and are used popularly. They are ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) and polyolefin (PO) film mulches. The transmittances of film mulches are related to thermal reservation and plant photosynthesis. We experimentally measure transmittances of several EVA and PO film mulches under different wavelengths. We also find that the transmittances of mulches vary with light intensity change at one wavelength. The variable transmittances for these mulches are also measured in experiments. These data measured can provides help for agricultural production and accurate numerical simulation for the establishment microclimate of plastic greenhouse, even the degradation of plastic films. Recently popularly ethylenevinyl ethylene vinyl (EVA (PO photosynthesis wavelengths wavelength experiments greenhouse films

Abstract Background Neonatal Intrahepatic Cholestasis (NICCD), as the early-age stage of Citrin deficiency involving liver dysfunction, lacks efficient diagnostic markers. Procalcitonin (PCT) has been identified as a biomarker for infection as well as various organ damage. This study aimed to explore the potential of PCT as a biomarker for NICCD. Methods In a single-center retrospective case-control study. Serum PCT concentrations before and after treatment of 120 NICCD patients, as the study group, were compared to the same number of cholestatic hepatitis patients, as the control group. The potential value of PCT to discriminate NICCD from control disease was further explored using Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis and compared to those of other inflammatory markers. Results There was a significantly higher level of PCT in NICCD patients than in the control group. PCT concentrations were only weakly correlated with neutrophil counts and CRP levels (p ˂ 0.05). At a cut-off value of 0.495 ng/mL, PCT exhibited a significantly higher diagnostic value compared to other inflammatory markers for discriminating NICCD from the control, with a sensitivity of 90.8 % and specificity of 98.3 %. Conclusion PCT might be used as an initial biomarker to discriminate children with NICCD from another hepatitis disease. NICCD, , (NICCD) earlyage early age dysfunction (PCT damage singlecenter single center casecontrol case 12 group ROC (ROC p 0.05. 005 0.05 . 0 05 0.05) cutoff cut off 0495 495 0.49 ngmL ng mL ng/mL 908 90 8 90. 983 98 3 98. (NICCD 1 00 0.0 049 49 0.4 9 0. 04 4

More attention has been paid to immunotherapy for ovarian cancer and the development of tumor vaccines. We developed a trichostatin A (TSA)-modified tumor vaccine with potent immunomodulating activities that can inhibit the growth of ovarian cancer in rats and stimulate immune cell response in vivo. TSA-treated Nutu-19 cells inactivated by X-ray radiation were used as a tumor vaccine in rat ovarian cancer models. Prophylactic and therapeutic experiments were performed with TSA-modified tumor vaccine in rats. Flow cytometry and ELISpot assays were conducted to assess immune response. Immune cell expression in the spleen and thymus were detected by immunohistochemical staining. GM-CSF, IL-7, IL-17, LIF, LIX, KC, MCP-1, MIP-2, M-CSF, IP-10/CXCL10, MIG/CXCL9, RANTES, IL-4, IFN-γ, and VEGF expressions were detected with Milliplex Map Magnetic Bead Panel immunoassay. TSA vaccination in therapeutic and prophylactic models could effectively stimulate innate immunity and boost the adaptive humoral and cell-mediated immune responses to inhibit the growth and tumorigenesis of ovarian cancer. This vaccine stimulated the thymus into reactivating status and enhanced infiltrating lymphocytes in tumor-bearing rats. The expression of key immunoregulatory factors were upregulated in the vaccine group. The intensities of infiltrating CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and NK cells were significantly increased in the vaccine group compared to the control group (P<0.05). This protection was mainly dependent on the IFN-γ pathway and, to a much lesser extent, by the IL-4 pathway. The tumor cells only irradiated by X-ray as the control group still showed a slight immune effect, indicating that irradiated cells may also cause certain immune antigen exposure, but the efficacy was not as significant as that of the TSA-modified tumor vaccine. Our study revealed the potential application of the TSA-modified tumor vaccine as a novel tumor vaccine against tumor refractoriness and growth. These findings offer a better understanding of the immunomodulatory effects of the vaccine against latent tumorigenesis and progression. This tumor vaccine therapy may increase antigen exposure, synergistically activate the immune system, and ultimately improve remission rates. A vaccine strategy designed to induce effective tumor immune response is being considered for cancer immunotherapy. vaccines TSAmodified modified vivo TSAtreated treated Nutu19 Nutu 19 Nutu-1 Xray X ray staining GMCSF, GMCSF GM CSF, CSF GM-CSF IL7, IL7 IL 7, 7 IL-7 IL17, IL17 17, 17 IL-17 LIF LIX KC MCP1, MCP1 MCP 1, 1 MCP-1 MIP2, MIP2 MIP 2, 2 MIP-2 MCSF, MCSF M M-CSF IP10/CXCL10, IP10CXCL10 IPCXCL IP 10/CXCL10, 10 CXCL10 CXCL IP-10/CXCL10 MIGCXCL9 MIGCXCL MIG CXCL9 MIG/CXCL9 RANTES IL4, IL4 4, 4 IFNγ, IFNγ IFN γ, γ immunoassay cellmediated mediated tumorbearing bearing CD4 CD CD8 P<0.05. P005 P P<0.05 . 0 05 (P<0.05) extent IL- effect exposure progression system rates Nutu1 Nutu- IL1 IL-1 MCP- MIP- IP10 IP10/CXCL10 IP10CXCL1 10CXCL10 10/CXCL10 CXCL1 IP-10/CXCL1 MIG/CXCL P00 P<0.0 (P<0.05 IP1 IP10/CXCL1 IP10CXCL 10CXCL1 10/CXCL1 IP-10/CXCL P0 P<0. (P<0.0 IP10/CXCL 10CXCL 10/CXCL P<0 (P<0. P< (P<0 (P< (P

Abstract Cigarette smoke (CS) has been generally recognized as a chief carcinogenic factor in renal cell carcinoma (RCC). The stimulative effect of CS on renal cancer stem cells (RCSCs) has been described previously. The Sonic Hedgehog (SHH) pathway plays an essential role in self-renewal, cell growth, drug resistance, metastasis, and recurrence of cancer stem cells (CSCs). Renal cancer-related gene ΔNp63α is highly expressed in renal epithelial tissues and contributes to the RCSCs characteristics of tumors. The aim of this study was to elucidate the role of ΔNp63α and the SHH pathway on the activity of RCSCs induced by CS through a series of in vivo and in vitro studies. It was shown that in renal cancer tissues, ΔNp63α and RCSCs markers in smokers are expressed higher than that in non-smokers. RCSCs were effectively enriched by tumor sphere formation assay. Besides, CS increased the expression of RCSCs markers and the capability of sphere-forming in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, the SHH pathway was activated, and the specialized inhibitor alleviated the promotion of CS on RCSCs. ΔNp63α activated the SHH pathway and promoted CS-induced enhancement of RCSCs activity. These findings indicate that ΔNp63α positively regulates the activity of CS-induced RCSCs via the SHH pathway. (CS RCC. RCC . (RCC) (RCSCs previously (SHH selfrenewal, selfrenewal self renewal, renewal self-renewal growth resistance metastasis CSCs. CSCs (CSCs) cancerrelated related ΔNpα ΔNp α tumors studies nonsmokers. nonsmokers non smokers. non-smokers assay Besides sphereforming forming Moreover CSinduced (RCC (CSCs

ABSTRACT The yield of crops has a significant impact on economic and social development. It is significant to ensure the healthy growth of crops. Leaves can represent the growth of crops. Crop health can be monitored by analyzing a sufficient number of leaf images. But advanced farming techniques make leaves less susceptible to pests and diseases. Therefore, it is difficult to collect enough leaves with pests and diseases for image analysis. To solve this problem, this research proposed a method based on few-shot learning to identify crop leaf images and judge crop health status. The main structure of the method is a siamese network. The structure of its two subnetworks is the convolution neural network with an attention module. Each subnetwork outputs a feature vector. Measuring the distance of two feature vectors in the feature space, the similarity is calculated. Then the categories of leaf pests and diseases are judged. The experiments in this research were carried out on apple and potato leaves. The accuracy of identifying their pests and diseases reached 98.03% and 97.34% respectively. The experiment proved that when the sample size is small. The method proposed can effectively identify crop leaf pests and diseases. development Therefore analysis problem fewshot few shot status module vector space calculated judged 9803 98 03 98.03 9734 97 34 97.34 respectively small 980 9 0 98.0 973 3 97.3 98. 97.

Different Al2O3 carriers were synthesized by co-precipitation and sol-gel method. From them, 4%NiO-20%MoO3/Al2O3 catalysts were prepared by incipient wetness impregnation. The catalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), N2 adsorption-desorption, NH3 temperature programmed desorption (TPD) and H2-temperature programmed reduction (TPR) and subsequently used for selective hydrogenation of naphthalene to high-value tetralin. The results showed that Ni-Mo/so-ge Al2O3 (900) exhibited better catalytic performance than Ni Mo/commercial Al2O3, achieving 99.56% naphthalene conversion and 99.43% tetralin selectivity. AlO Al O Al2O coprecipitation co precipitation solgel sol gel method them 4%NiO20%MoO3/Al2O3 4NiO20MoO3Al2O3 NiOMoOAlO 4%NiO 20%MoO3/Al2O3 4 NiO 20 MoO3 MoO 4%NiO-20%MoO3/Al2O impregnation Xray X ray XRD, XRD , (XRD) N adsorptiondesorption, adsorptiondesorption adsorption desorption, adsorption-desorption NH TPD (TPD H2temperature Htemperature H2 H TPR (TPR highvalue high value NiMo/soge NiMosoge Mo/so ge Mo so 900 (900 Mocommercial commercial 9956 99 56 99.56 9943 43 99.43 selectivity NiO20 4%NiO20%MoO3/Al2O 4NiO20MoO3Al2O 4NiO 20MoO3Al2O3 MoOAlO 20%MoO3/Al2O 2 (XRD NiMo soge Moso 90 (90 995 9 5 99.5 994 99.4 NiO2 20MoO3Al2O (9 99. (

SUMMARY: To clarify the path of the temporal branch of facial nerve (TB) crossing the zygomatic arch (ZA). Eighteen fresh adult heads specimens were carefully dissected in the zygomatic region, with the location of TB as well as its number documented. The hierarchical relationship between the temporal branch and the soft tissue in this region was observed on 64 P45 plastinated slices. 1. TB crosses the ZA as type I (21.8 %), type II (50.0 %,), and type III (28.1 %) twigs. 2. At the level of the superior edge of the ZA, the average distance between the anterior trunk of TB and the anterior part of the auricle is 36.36±6.56 mm, for the posterior trunk is 25.59±5.29 mm. At the level of the inferior edge of the ZA, the average distance between the anterior trunk of TB and the anterior part of the auricle is 25.77±6.19 mm, for the posterior trunk is 19.16±4.71 mm. 3. The average length of ZA is 62.06±5.36 mm. TB crosses the inferior edge of the ZA at an average of 14.67±6.45 mm. TB crosses the superior edge of the ZA at an average of 9.08±4.54 mm. 4. At the level of the ZA, TB passes on the surface of the pericranium while below the SMAS. The TB obliquely crosses the middle 1/3 part of the superior margin of the ZA and the junction of the middle 1/3 part and the posterior 1/3 part of the inferior margin of the ZA below the SMAS while beyond the periosteum. It is suggested that this area should be avoided in clinical operation to avoid the injury of TB.

RESUMEN: El objetivo de estudio fue esclarecer el trayecto del ramo temporal del nervio facial (RT) que cruza el arco cigomático (AC). Se disecaron la región cigomática de 18 especímenes de cabezas sin fijar de individuos adultas y se documentó la ubicación del RT y su número de ramos. La relación jerárquica entre el ramo temporal y el tejido blando en esta región se observó en 64 cortes plastinados o P45. 1º El RT cruza el AC como tipo I (21,8 %), tipo II (50,0 %) y tipo III (28,1 %). 2º A nivel del margen superior del AC, la distancia promedio entre el tronco anterior de RT y la parte anterior de la aurícula fue de 36,36±6,56 mm, para el tronco posterior fue de 25,59±5,29 mm. A nivel del margen inferior del AC, la distancia promedio entre el tronco anterior del RT y la parte anterior de la aurícula era de 25,77±6,19 mm, para el tronco posterior era de 19,16±4,71 mm. 3º La longitud media de RT fue de 62,06±5,36 mm. EL RT cruzaba el margen inferior del AC a una distancia media de 14,67±6,45 mm. El RT cruzaba el margen superior del AC a una distancia media de 9,08±4,54 mm. 4º Anivel del AC, el RT pasaba por la superficie del pericráneo mientras se encuentra por debajo del SMAS. El RT cruza oblicuamente el tercio medio del margen superior del AC y la unión del tercio medio y el tercio posterior del margen inferior del AC por debajo del SMAS, más allá del periostio. Se sugiere que esta área debe evitarse en la operación clínica para evitar la lesión de la RT.

This work presented a new PEG modified calix[4]arene stationary phase (C4A-PEG-2PTSC) for gas chromatographic (GC) separations. The statically coated C4A-PEG-2PTSC column exhibited moderate polarity and column efficiency of 2224 plates m-1 determined by 1-octanol at 120 oC. The results showed that the C4A-PEG-2PTSC column exhibited the good separation performance for various types of analytes containing halogenated benzenes, benzaldehydes, phenols, alcohols, anilines isomers and showed the different retention behavior with the comparative columns. Importantly, it showed the better separation capacity of toluidine and xylidine isomers than commercial HP-35 column. Moreover, it was applied in practical sample analysis to detect the content of isomer impurities. This work exhibited the good application potential of C4A-PEG-2PTSC stationary phase in GC analyses. calix4arene calixarene calix 4 arene C4APEG2PTSC CAPEGPTSC C4A 2PTSC C A PTSC (C4A-PEG-2PTSC (GC separations 222 m1 m 1 m- 1octanol octanol 12 oC benzenes benzaldehydes phenols alcohols columns Importantly HP35 HP 35 HP-3 Moreover impurities analyses APEG CA 22 HP3 3 HP- 2

In this work, the effects of electric pulse treatment on the discharge and electrochemical properties of rolled and extruded AZ61 as anode of Mg-air battery were studied. The microstructure, electrochemical behavior and surface morphology after discharge were discussed to relate the discharge performance. The experimental results show that compared with the original magnesium anode (rolled and extruded), the magnesium anode treated by electric pulse has more negative corrosion potential, lower impedance value, higher discharge voltage and better specific energy. This is because electric pulse treatment can cause the coarse second phase in magnesium anode to dissolve and the grains to become more uniform. In particular, in the discharge process, the surface of magnesium anode after electric pulse treatment will form micro cracks, which is beneficial to promote the self-stripping of discharge products. It is worth noting that the effect of electric pulse treatment on rolled anode is better than that of extruded anode. It may be due to the different dislocation density in the two anodes. During the electric pulse treatment, the dislocation density in the alloy is highly correlated with the dissolution rate of β-Mg17Al12, which ultimately affects the volume fraction of the second phase in the alloy. work AZ AZ6 Mgair Mg air studied microstructure performance extruded, , extruded) potential value energy uniform particular process cracks selfstripping self stripping products anodes βMg17Al12, βMg17Al12 βMgAl β Mg17Al12, Mg17Al12 Al β-Mg17Al12 βMg βMg17Al1 MgAl Mg17Al1 β-Mg17Al1 βMg17Al Mg17Al β-Mg17Al

Abstract Background Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the most frequent chronic diseases with high morbidity worldwide, marked by degradation of the cartilage and bone, joint instability, stiffness, joint space stenosis and subchondral sclerosis. Due to the elusive mechanism of osteoarthritis (OA), we aimed to identify potential markers for OA and explore the molecular mechanisms underlying OA. Methods Expression profiles data of OA were collected from the Gene Expression Omnibus database to identify differentially expressed mRNAs (DEmRNAs) and differentially expressed lncRNAs (DElncRNAs) in OA. Functional annotation and protein–protein interaction (PPI) networks were performed. Then, nearby DEmRNAs of DElncRNAs was obtained. Moreover, GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis of nearby DEmRNAs of DElncRNAs was performed. Finally, expression validation of selected mRNAs and lncRNAs was performed by quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. Results In total, 2080 DEmRNAs and 664 DElncRNAs were determined in OA. PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, Endocytosis and Rap1 signaling pathway were significantly enriched KEGG pathways in OA. YWHAB, HSPA8, NEDD4L and SH3KBP1 were four hub proteins in PPI network. The AC093484.4/TRPV2 interact pair may be involved in the occurrence and development of OA. Conclusion Our study identified several DEmRNAs and DElncRNAs associated with OA. The molecular characters could provide more information for further study on OA. (OA worldwide bone instability stiffness sclerosis OA, , (DEmRNAs (DElncRNAs proteinprotein protein (PPI Then obtained Moreover Finally transcriptasepolymerase transcriptase polymerase reaction total 208 66 PI3KAkt PIKAkt PI3K Akt PI K Rap YWHAB HSPA8 HSPA NEDDL NEDD L SHKBP SH KBP SH3KBP network AC0934844TRPV2 ACTRPV AC093484 4 TRPV2 AC TRPV AC093484.4/TRPV 20 6 KAkt PIK AC0934844TRPV AC09348 2 AC0934 AC093 AC09 AC0

Abstract This study provides an overview of the translation and the dissemination of Chinese literature into Portuguese from 1979, the year China initiated its Reform and Opening Up policy, to the present, focusing on the characteristics and trends during this period. It serves as an introduction to a project on the interaction between Chinese-Portuguese translation and cultural exchange between China and Portuguese-speaking countries. Data on translated Chinese literary works in Portuguese were collected from various online platforms, including Goodreads, Amazon, Skoob, Wook, and the Worldcat bibliographic database. Employing the perspective of Translation Communication (Yin, Yu & Deng, 2022), an interdisciplinary theoretical framework in Translation Studies, the study conducts quantitative and qualitative analyses based on the collected data, presenting the different stages of development in the translation and the dissemination of Chinese literature into Portuguese, along with its main characteristics and future trends in intercultural exchanges. The results indicate the translation of various types of Chinese literature into Portuguese, encompassing classical works such as the Tao Te Ching, contemporary Chinese novels, and literary works by renowned Chinese writers abroad, among others. However, despite an increased number of Chinese literary works from mainland China being directly translated into Portuguese over the past decade, the translation of Chinese literature still faces marginalization in the Portuguese-speaking world. Concurrently, indirect translation maintains a relatively stronger presence. 1979 policy present period ChinesePortuguese Portuguesespeaking speaking countries platforms Goodreads Amazon Skoob Wook database Yin, Yin (Yin Deng 2022, 2022 , 2022) Studies data exchanges Ching novels abroad others However decade world Concurrently presence 197 202 19 20 1 2

Resumo Este estudo tem como objetivo fornecer uma visão geral da tradução e da disseminação da literatura chinesa em língua portuguesa desde 1979, ano em que se iniciou a Reforma e Abertura na China, até o presente, com ênfase nas características e tendências nesse período. Trata-se de uma introdução de estudos no âmbito de projeto sobre a interação entre tradução chinês-português e intercâmbio cultural entre China e Países de Língua Portuguesa. Para tal, foram coletados dados sobre obras literárias chinesas traduzidas para o português em plataformas online, como Goodreads, Amazon, Skoob, Wook, além do banco de dados do acervo bibliográfico Worldcat. A partir da perspectiva da Comunicação Tradutória (Yin, Yu & Deng, 2022), uma nova corrente teórica interdisciplinar de Estudos da Tradução, foram realizadas análises quantitativas e qualitativas com base nos dados coletados, a fim de apresentar as diferentes fases de desenvolvimento da tradução e da disseminação da literatura chinesa traduzida para o português, suas principais características e tendências nas futuras trocas interculturais. Os resultados mostram que diversos tipos de literatura chinesa foram traduzidos para o português, abrangendo desde obras clássicas, como o Tao Te Ching, até romances contemporâneos chineses e trabalhos literários escritos por renomados escritores chineses no exterior, entre outros. Por outro lado, embora o número de obras literárias chinesas de escritores da China continental e sua tradução direta do chinês para o português tenham aumentado na última década, a tradução da literatura chinesa para o português ainda enfrenta certa marginalização no mundo lusófono. Paralelamente, a tradução indireta ainda possui uma presença relativamente maior. 1979 presente período Tratase Trata chinêsportuguês Portuguesa tal online Goodreads Amazon Skoob Wook Worldcat Yin, Yin (Yin Deng 2022, 2022 , 2022) Tradução interculturais clássicas Ching exterior outros lado década lusófono Paralelamente maior 197 202 19 20 1 2

Abstract A chitosan-based edible coating was prepared by incorporating γ-polyglutamic acid and curcumin. The physical, mechanical and antimicrobial properties of the chitosan/γ-polyglutamic acid/curcumin edible coating were characterized. Furthermore, the effect of chitosan/γ-polyglutamic acid/curcumin edible coating on the shelf-life of fresh beef was investigated. The γ-polyglutamic acid and curcumin incorporation greatly improved the performance of chitosan coating, including coating formation and antimicrobial activity. After the application of coating, the chitosan/γ-polyglutamic acid/curcumin edible coating had a good protection effect on the color of beef and was conducive to prolonging the shelf life of beef with good quality compared to pure curcumin edible coating. These results revealed that application of chitosan/γ-polyglutamic acid/ curcumin edible coating will be a good way to preserve freshness of fresh beef.