BiOCl/KBiO3 p-n heterostructures with hierarchical mesoporous architectures were successfully synthesized via a facile in situ method. The X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) results indicate the formation of heterojunctions between BiOCl and KBiO3. The photocatalytic performance of the as-prepared samples was investigated by the degradation of dye Rhodamine B (RhB) under visible light irradiation. BiOCl/KBiO3 composite has never been used to photodegrade the RhB which is a common dye and very difficult to degrade. The results demonstrated that KBiO3 combined with proper amount of BiOCl nanosheets exhibited high efficiency in the photocatalytic process, and BiOCl/KBiO3 with the molar ratio of 70/30 demonstrated the highest photocatalytic activity due to its large surface area, excellent charge separation characteristics and the suppressed recombination of electron-hole pairs. The results of active species detection reveal that the superoxide radical anions (O2-), hydroxyl free radicals (·OH), photogenerated holes (h+) and photogenerated electrons (e-) reactive species work together for the photocatalytic degradation of RhB. A possible and new mechanism of photocatalysis that differs from other teams was also explored and proposed. The present study will benefit the development of the new p-n heterojunction photocatalysts and would be of great importance to meet ever-increasing environmental demands in the future. BiOClKBiO3 BiOClKBiO KBiO BiOCl/KBiO pn p n method Xray X ray XRD, XRD , (XRD) XPS (XPS SEM (SEM asprepared as prepared (RhB irradiation degrade process 7030 70 30 70/3 area electronhole hole pairs O2, O2 O (O2-) ·OH, OH ·OH (·OH) h+ h (h+ e (e- proposed everincreasing ever increasing future (XRD 703 7 3 70/ (O2- (·OH (h (e (O2 (O

Small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) have robust potential functions and therapeutic value in breast cancer. Herein, we investigated the role SNORA5A in breast cancer. Samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) were reviewed. The transcription matrix and clinical information were analyzed using R software and validated in clinical tissue samples. SNORA5A was significantly down-regulated in breast cancer, and high expression of SNORA5A correlated with a favorable prognosis. High expression of SNORA5A induced a high concentration of tumor-associated macrophages M1 and a low concentration of tumor-associated macrophages M2. Moreover, SNORA5A were clustered in terms related to cancer and immune functions. Possible downstream molecules of SNORA5A were identified, among which TRAF3IP3 was positively correlated with M1 and negatively correlated with M2. The function of TRAF3IP3 in tumor inhibition and its relationship with macrophages in clinical tissue samples were in accordance with bioinformatics analysis results. SNORA5A could regulate macrophage phenotypes through TRAF3IP3 and serves as a potential prognostic marker for breast cancer patients. snoRNAs (snoRNAs Herein SNORAA SNORA A TCGA (TCGA reviewed downregulated down regulated prognosis tumorassociated associated M M2 Moreover identified TRAFIP TRAF IP TRAF3IP results patients

Abstract Despite the use of Maillard reaction products (MRPs) as food flavoring and coloring agents, they are also known to constitute acrylamide, heterocyclic amines, advanced glycosylation end products, and precursors of low molecular weight compounds. The very little is known about the toxicology of peony seed meal-derived MRPs. In this study, sub-chronic toxicity of peony seed meal derived MRPs was evaluated in Sprage-Dawley (SD) rats. Results showed that the body weight, hematology and serum biochemistry, organ coefficient and histopathology of SD rats with daily intake of peony seed meal-derived MRPs lower than 0.45 g/kg were not affected. After feeding with peony seed meal-derived MRPs for 13-weeks, there were no significant toxic effect on either male or female rats. This study provides a theoretical basis for the safety of MRPs derived from the reactants of enzymatic hydrolysis of peony seed meal.

RESUMO Introdução: Há altas exigências para a qualidade física dos atletas chineses na ginástica moderna. Objetivos: Este trabalho tem como principal estudo verificar se a carga de trabalho dos ginastas chineses pode suportar o correspondente treinamento de alta intensidade no processo de treinamento. Métodos: Foram utilizados métodos de investigação científica experimental e análise estatística para efetuar um estudo de longo prazo sobre dezenas de ginastas nas escolas chinesas além de desenhar as curvas de carga de trabalho desses ginastas durante os exercícios. Tentamos determinar a correlação efetiva entre a carga de trabalho e o treinamento físico do atleta e sua forma corporal. Resultados: Durante o treinamento de alta intensidade dos ginastas chineses, os batimentos cardíacos puderam exceder brevemente os 190 batimentos por minuto. Conclusão: No processo de treinamento de diferentes ginastas, os batimentos cardíacos dos ginastas apresentam diferenças óbvias. Portanto, o uso de estratégias de treinamento científicas e razoáveis pode efetivamente melhorar a capacidade do coração dos atletas afim de suportar cargas de exercício de alta intensidade e ajudar a melhorar o desempenho do ginasta. Nível de evidência II; Estudos terapêuticos - investigação dos resultados do tratamento.

ABSTRACT Introduction: In modern gymnastics, there are high demands for the physical quality of Chinese athletes. Objectives: This paper mainly studies whether the workload of Chinese gymnasts can support the corresponding high-intensity training in the training process. Methods: Experimental scientific research methods and statistical analysis are used to conduct a long-term study on dozens of gymnasts in Chinese schools and draw the workload curves of these gymnasts during gymnastic exercises. We try to determine the effective correlation between the athlete's body load and physical training and body shape. Results: During the training of gymnasts, heart rates can briefly exceed 190 beats per minute. Conclusion: In the training process of different gymnasts, the gymnasts’ heart rates show obvious differences. Therefore, the use of scientific and reasonable training strategies can effectively improve the ability of athletes’ hearts to withstand high-intensity exercise loads and help improve the gymnast's performance. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment results.

RESUMEN Introducción: La calidad física de los atletas chinos en la gimnasia moderna es muy exigente. Objetivos: El estudio principal de este trabajo es comprobar si la carga de trabajo de las gimnastas chinas puede soportar el correspondiente entrenamiento de alta intensidad en el proceso de entrenamiento. Métodos: Se utilizaron métodos de investigación científica experimental y análisis estadísticos para llevar a cabo un estudio a largo plazo sobre docenas de gimnastas de escuelas chinas, además de dibujar las curvas de carga de trabajo de estas gimnastas durante los ejercicios. Intentamos determinar la correlación efectiva entre la carga de trabajo y el entrenamiento físico y la forma del cuerpo del atleta. Resultados: Durante el entrenamiento de alta intensidad de las gimnastas chinas, las frecuencias cardíacas podían superar brevemente las 190 pulsaciones por minuto. Conclusión: En el proceso de entrenamiento de diferentes gimnastas, las frecuencias cardíacas de las gimnastas muestran diferencias evidentes. Por lo tanto, el uso de estrategias de entrenamiento científicas y razonables puede mejorar eficazmente la capacidad cardíaca de las atletas para soportar cargas de ejercicio de alta intensidad y ayudar a mejorar el rendimiento del gimnasta. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos - investigación de los resultados del tratamiento.

RESUMO Objetivos Avaliar o potencial da aplicação da tecnologia de impressão 3D na medição da área de defeito ósseo acetabular em pacientes adultos diagnosticados com displasia do desenvolvimento do quadril (DDH). Métodos 23 casos de DDH que requereram cirurgia de substituição total do quadril foram incluídos neste estudo. O exame pré-operatório confirmou os filmes pélvicos padrão Crowe, incluindo 3 casos de Crowe I, 7 Crowe II, e 13 Crowe III. A tecnologia de impressão 3D foi utilizada para imprimir o modelo de quadril antes da operação. Com base no modelo pré-impresso, o planejamento pré-operatório e os procedimentos cirúrgicos foram estabelecidos. A área dos defeitos ósseos acetabulares foi medida, a prótese de tamanho selecionado foi registrada, e a cirurgia foi realizada (grupo A). A área do defeito ósseo acetabular real e o tamanho da prótese também foram registrados (grupo B). Resultados Os resultados comparativos indicaram que a área real do defeito acetabular medida intraoperativamente e a área medida usando a tecnologia de impressão 3D não diferiu significativamente para todos os participantes (todos P>0,05). Conclusão O modelo pré-operatório pode medir com precisão a área de defeito ósseo acetabular para DDH. É relevante desenvolver implantes individualizados para pacientes com DDH tratados com a técnica de impressão 3D. Nível de Evidência IV: Série de casos.

ABSTRACT Objectives Evaluate the application value of 3D printing technology in measuring acetabular bone defect area in adult patients diagnosed with developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH). Methods 23 cases of DDH requiring total hip replacement surgery were enrolled in this study. Preoperative examination confirmed the standard pelvic plain films Crowe, including 3 cases of Crowe I, 7 Crowe II, and 13 Crowe III. The 3D printing technology was used to print the hip model before the operation. Based on the pre-printed model, pre-operative planning and surgical procedures were established. The area of the acetabular bone defects was measured, the selected size prosthesis was recorded, and the surgery was performed (group A). The actual acetabular bone defect area and the prosthesis size were also recorded (group B). Results The comparative results indicated that the actual acetabular defect area measured intraoperatively and the area measured using the 3D printing technology did not significantly differ for all participants (all P>0.05). Conclusion Preoperative model can accurately measure the acetabular bone defect area for DDH. It is significant to develop individualized implants for DDH patients treated with the 3D printing technique. Level of Evidence IV: Case series.

Abstract This paper took fermented dough as the research object. The difference between the subfreezing temperature and other freezing temperatures for long-term storage of fermented dough was discussed. The fermented dough was quick-frozen at -30 °C for 1 h and then stored at -6 °C, -12 °C and -18 °C for 5 d, 10 d and 15 d. The results indicated that with decreasing freezing temperature, the content of bound water in the dough increased gradually so that the water in the dough could be better preserved and the storage time of the dough could be prolonged. Although low temperatures could have a better storage effect, too low temperature and prolonged freezing time would destroy the structure of the starch in the dough. The structure of the starch stored at the subfreezing temperature (-12 °C) was better than that stored at other temperatures. Compared with the common freezing temperature (-18 °C), the subfreezing temperature not only achieves a better storage effect but also reduces energy consumption.

ABSTRACT Purpose: To investigate the effects of Periplaneta americana L. on ulcerative colitis (UC) induced by a combination of chronic stress (CS) and 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid enema (TNBS) in rats. Methods: The experiment UC model with CS was established in rats by a combination of chronic restraint stress, excess failure, improper, and TNBS. The body weight, disease activity index (DAI), colonic mucosal injury index (CMDI), histopathological score (HS) and pro-inflammatory mediators were measured. The content of corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) in hypothalamus or adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and corticosteroids (CORT) in plasma were evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The proportion of T lymphocyte subsets was detected by flow cytometry, and gut microbiota was detected by 16S rDNA amplicon sequencing. Results: Weight loss, DAI, CMDI, HS and proinflammatory mediators were reversed in rats by P. americana L. treatment after UC with CS. Increased epidermal growth factor (EGF) was observed in P. americana L. groups. In addition, P. americana L. could reduce the content of CRH and ACTH and regulate the ratio of CD3+, CD3+CD8+ and CD3+CD4+CD25+/CD4+ in spleen. Comparably, P. americana L. changes composition of gut microbiota. Conclusions: The ethanol extract of Periplaneta Americana L. improves UC induced by a combination of CS and TNBS in rats.

ABSTRACT Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of adjunctive medical expulsive therapy (MET) with tamsulosin for the promotion of stone fragments clearance for repeated extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL). Materials and Methods: This meta-analysis was conducted by systematic search for randomized controlled trial (RCT) studies in PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Cochrane Library, Web of Science databases in January 2020, which compared tamsulosin with either placebo or non-placebo control for repeated ESWL. The primary endpoint was stone-free rate (SFR), the second endpoints were stone clearance time and complications. The quality assessment of included studies was performed by using the Cochrane System and Jadad score. Results: 7 RCTs were included in this meta-analysis. Tamsulosin provided higher SFR (for stones larger than 1cm, OR: 5.56, p=0.0003), except for patients with stones less than 1cm. For patients with renal stones (OR: 2.97, p=0.0005) or upper ureteral stones (OR: 3.10, p=0.004), tamsulosin can also provide a higher SFR. In addition, tamsulosin provided a shorter stone clearance time (WMD: −9.40, p=0.03) and lower pain intensity (WMD=-17.01, p <0.0001) and incidences of steinstrasse (OR: 0.37, p=0.0002). Conclusion: Adjunctive MET with tamsulosin is effective in patients with specific stone size or location that received repeated ESWL. However, no well-designed RCT that used computed tomography for the detection and assessment of residual stone fragments was found. More studies with high quality and the comparison between tamsulosin and secondary ESWL are needed in the future.

ABSTRACT Purpose To study the Periplaneta americana L. extract Ento-B on the treatment of chronic ulcerative colitis induced by 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene and acetic acid in rats and to explore its primary mechanism of action. Methods Using 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene combined with acetic acid to induce chronic ulcerative colitis (chronic UC) in rats. The sulfasalazine (400 mg/kg) and Ento-B (200 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg,50 mg/kg) were given by intragastric administration and the effect was evaluated according to the disease activity index (DAI) score, colon mucosal injury index (CMDI) score, histopathological score (HS) and the serum levels of Interleukin-4(IL-4), Interleukin-10(IL-10), Tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), Malondialdehyde(MDA), Superoxide dismutase(SOD) and Inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS.) Results Compared with the model group, all doses of Ento-B could reduce the score of CMDI (p < 0.05), HS(p < 0.05 or p < 0.01), significantly increased the expression of IL-4, IL-10, SOD (p < 0.01) and decreased the levels of TNF-α, MDA, iNOS in serum of UC rats, significantly improving the degree of colon lesionsin UC rats. Conclusions Ento-B may play an important role in the treatment of ulcerative colitis induced byUC rats. The mechanism may be related to the increased expression of IL-4, IL-10, SOD and reduced expression of TNF-α, MDA, iNOS.

A rapid method has been developed for the determination of silver arsenite As(III), dimethylated arsenic DMA, monomethylated arsenic MMA, and arsenate As(V) in algae sample using liquid chromatography coupled with hydride generation atomic fluorescence spectrometry (LC-HG-AFS). Types, flow rate and pH of mobile phase were optimized. Under the optimal conditions, there were good linear relationships in the range of 0 -200 µg L-1 with correlation coefficients larger than 0.9995. The limits of detection and quantification of As(III), DMA, MMA, and As(V) were 0.005- 0.010 mg kg-1 and 0.019-0.034 mg kg-1, respectively. The recoveries at three spiked levels of 0.02, 0.5 and 1.0 mg kg-1 were in the range of 93-105 % with relative standard deviations (RSD, n=6) of 3.6%-6.2%. The proposed method was successfully applied in the determinaton of four arsenic species in algae sample. The developed method is simple, higher precision, stable data collection, and shorter separation time, and could be applied in the speciation and study of arsenic species in algae.

A novel nanofibrous film chemosensor was designed and fabricated for detecting Fe3+. It displayed good sensitivity and selectivity as a sensing material for Fe3+. The addition of Fe3+ would induce obvious fluorescent quenching of the nanofibrous film and the other common metal ions did not interfere in the recognition of Fe3+. The detection limit for Fe3+ of this sensing material was calculated to be 10.63 μmol L-1. Moreover, the nanofibrous film could not only be regarded as a chemosensor for detecting Fe3+, but also as an adsorbent to remove Fe3+ with high efficiency in solution. The adsorption capacity was calculated to be 13.93 mg g-1 of Fe3+/nanofibrous film from Langmuir plot.

BACKGROUND: α-Farnesene is a volatile sesquiterpene synthesized by the plant mevalonate (MVA) pathway through the action of α-farnesene synthase. The α-farnesene synthase 1 (MdAFS1) gene was isolated from apple peel (var. white winterpearmain), and transformed into tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum NC89). The transgenic plants had faster stem elongation during vegetative growth and earlier flowering than wild type (WT). Our studies focused on the transgenic tobacco phenotype. RESULTS: The levels of chlorophyll and soluble protein decreased and a lower seed biomass and reduced net photosynthetic rate (Pn) in transgenic plants. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and superoxide radicals (O2._) had higher levels in transgenics compared to controls. Transgenic plants also had enhanced sensitivity to oxidative stress. The transcriptome of 8-week-old plants was studied to detect molecular changes. Differentially expressed unigene analysis showed that ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis, cell growth, and death unigenes were upregulated. Unigenes related to photosynthesis, antioxidant activity, and nitrogen metabolism were downregulated. Combined with the expression analysis of senescence marker genes, these results indicate that senescence started in the leaves of the transgenic plants at the vegetative growth stage. CONCLUSIONS: The antioxidative defense system was compromised and the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) played an important role in the premature aging of transgenic plants.

AbstractA new circle-arc model was established to present the cellular structure. Dynamic response of models with density gradients under constant velocities is investigated by employing Ls-dyna 971. Compared with the uniform models, the quasi-static plateau stress of different layers seems a significant parameter correlated with the deformation mode except for inertia effect when the density gradient is introduced. The impact velocity becomes much more vital on the deformation of the unit cell than the density gradient. The stress at both the impact and stationary sides is investigated in details. Furthermore, the stress-strain curve is compared with the modified shock wave theory. The density gradient does have some remarkable influence on the energy absorption capability, and a certain density gradient is not always beneficial to the energy absorption. Irrespective of the impact velocity, there seems always a critical strain where the energy absorbed by all these specimens could approximate to nearly the same value. So the critical strain-velocity curve is plotted and gives the beneficial area for energy absorption pertinent to density gradients and impact velocity.

There are numerous examples of convergent evolution in nature. Major ecological adaptations such as flight, loss of limbs in vertebrates, pesticide resistance, adaptation to a parasitic way of life, etc., have all evolved more than once, as seen by their analogous functions in separate taxa. But what about protein evolution? Does the environment have a strong enough influence on intracellular processes that enzymes and other functional proteins play, to evolve similar functional roles separately in different organisms? Manganese Superoxide Dismutase (MnSOD) is a manganesedependant metallo-enzyme which plays a crucial role in protecting cells from anti-oxidative stress by eliminating reactive (superoxide) oxygen species. It is a ubiquitous housekeeping enzyme found in nearly all organisms. In this study we compare phylogenies based on MnSOD protein sequences to those based on scores from Hydrophobic Cluster Analysis (HCA). We calculated HCA similarity values for each pair of taxa to obtain a pair-wise distance matrix. A UPGMA tree based on the HCA distance matrix and a common tree based on the primary protein sequence for MnSOD was constructed. Differences between these two trees within animals, enterobacteriaceae, planctomycetes and cyanobacteria are presented and cited as possible examples of convergence. We note that several residue changes result in changes in hydrophobicity at positions which apparently are under the effect of positive selection.

Lupus peritonitis (LP) is extremely rare. Acute LP is characterized by rapid onset of ascites and severe abdominal pain, in addition to other well-recognized clinical features of a general systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) fare. Ascites associated with acute LP has been rarely reported as the prominent feature of a SLE fare. We report a 39-year-old woman who developed massive, painful ascites as the presenting manifestation of a SLE fare. Diagnostic workup ruled out the possibility of hepatic, cardiovascular, infectious, or malignant diseases, and confirmed the presence of a SLE fare. The patient was treated with methyl prednisolone and hydroxychloroquine resulting in dramatic improvement of her condition. During ambulatory follow up, she has remained asymptomatic up to the moment of this writing. Adrenal steroids and hydrocychloroquine may be useful for the management of SLE fares in patients with massive, painful ascites due to acute LP.

La peritonitis lúpica es rara. El cuadro agudo se caracteriza por ascitis de comienzo rápido, dolor abdominal severo y otras manifestaciones de una recidiva de un lupus eritematoso sistémico (LES). Sólo ocasionalmente e ha informado que la ascitis y peritonitis lúpica sean las principales manifestaciones de una recidiva lúpica. Presentamos a una mujer de 39 años que presentó ascitis masiva y dolorosa como la primera manifestación de una reactivación lúpica. El estudio diagnóstico descartó problemas hepáticos, pulmonares, cardiacos, cáncer o infecciones y confirmó la reactivación lúpica. La paciente se trató con metilprednisolona y cloroquina, resultando en una mejoría dramática. Al momento de preparar este informe, la paciente permanece asintomática en control ambulatorio. Los corticoides y cloroquina pueden ser medicamentos útiles para el tratamiento de pacientes con ascitis dolorosa y masiva secundaria a peritonitis lúpica.