RESUMO O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a produção de biomassa e qualidade bromatológica de genótipos de azevém, em dez municípios das regiões Oeste e Planalto Norte Catarinense, Estado de Santa Catarina, Brasil. Foram comparados os cultivares La Estanzuela 284 (diploide), Bar HQ, Barjumbo, INIA Escorpio, Potro e Winter Star (tetraploides), distribuídos em um delineamento blocos casualizados, em que os municípios constituíram os blocos, com três repetições. Os cortes foram realizados quando as plantas atingiram 30cm, deixando um resíduo de 10cm. Sob três cortes, os cultivares Barjumbo e Bar HQ foram os mais produtivos, ultrapassando 4,6 t ha-1 de matéria seca. Nos locais em que ocorreram cinco cortes, a produção destes cultivares superou 7,3 t ha-1, posicionando-os novamente à frente dos demais. O teor médio de proteína bruta em três cortes foi superior a 25% em todos os cultivares. Não houve diferença entre os genótipos no teor de fibra detergente neutro e de nutrientes digestíveis totais. Verificou-se correlação significativa entre variáveis produtivas quantitativas e qualitativas. Os cultivares testados representam boas opções para compor sistemas forrageiros hiberno-primaveris de curta ou longa duração, ajustando-se à integração com lavouras ou pastagens anuais de estação quente.

ABSTRACT The goal of this work was to assess the biomass production and bromatological quality of ryegrass genotypes in ten municipalities of the Western and North Plateau regions of the State of Santa Catarina, Brazil. The cultivars La Estanzuela 284 (diploid), Bar HQ, Barjumbo, INIA Escorpio, Potro, and Winter Star (tetraploids) were compared, distributed in a randomized block design, in which the municipalities constituted the blocks, with three replications. The cuts were performed when the plants reached 30cm, leaving a residue of 10cm. In three cuts, the cultivars Barjumbo and Bar HQ were the most productive, exceeding 4.6 t ha-1 of dry matter. In the places in which five cuts were performed, the production of these cultivars exceeded 7.3 t ha-1, placing them again ahead of the others. The average crude protein content in three cuts was greater than 25% in all cultivars. There was no difference between the genotypes in the content of neutral detergent fiber and total digestible nutrients. There was a significant correlation between quantitative and qualitative productive variables. The assessed cultivars represented good options for composing short-term or long-term winter-feeding systems, adjusted to the integration with annual crops or warm-season pastures.

RESUMO Avaliou-se a incidência da miopatia White Striping (WS) em três linhagens de frangos de corte machos e suas consequências sobre a composição química e a qualidade física da carne. Para determinação das porcentagens de incidência dos diferentes graus da miopatia WS (normal, moderada e severa) nas linhagens, foi utilizado um delineamento inteiramente ao acaso (DIC), com três tratamentos (linhagens A, B e C) e cinco repetições de 300 peitos cada. Para as variáveis químicas e físicas, utilizou-se um DIC em esquema fatorial 3 x 3 (três linhagens x três níveis de WS), com 15 repetições cada. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância e, em casos de diferenças significativas, utilizou-se o teste de Tukey (P≤0,05). As aves da linhagem A apresentaram 84,81% de peitos classificados como normais e 9,91% de peitos classificados como moderados, valores respectivamente maiores e menores que nas duas demais linhagens. Os peitos classificados com miopatia WS severa foram mais pesados e apresentaram maiores porcentagens de lipídios e umidade, e menor concentração de proteína bruta. As concentrações de colágeno total, termo solúvel e insolúvel variaram com o nível de acometimento por WS nos filés, com comportamento específico para cada linhagem.

ABSTRACT The incidence of the White Striping (WS) myopathy in three male broiler strains and its consequences on the chemical composition and physical quality of the meat was evaluated. A completely randomized design (DIC) with three treatments (strains A, B and C) and five replicates of 300 breasts each were used to determine the incidence rates of the different degrees of WS myopathy (normal, moderate and severe) in each strain. For the chemical and physical variables, a 3 X 3 factorial scheme was used (three strains X three WS levels), with 15 replicates. The data were submitted to ANOVA and in cases of significant differences the Tukey test (P< 0.05) was used.The A strain chickens presented 84.81% of breasts classified as normal and 9.91% of breasts classified as moderate, respectively higher and lower values than in the other two strains. Breasts classified with severe WS myopathy were heavier and had higher percentages of lipids and moisture, and lower concentration of crude protein. However, the concentrations of total, soluble and insoluble collagen had interaction effects between lineage and WS level in the fillets, and therefore, the same behavior was not observed in the samples of the different strains.

Abstract This study was aimed to analyze the effects of spray-dried porcine plasma (SDPP) on the health of post weaning piglets challenged with diets contaminated with aflatoxins and fumonisins. Fifty-six male piglets (7.15 ± 0.61 kg) were allocated in four groups: CTL group received a regular diet; SDPP group received a regular diet and 6% SDPP; MYC group received a diet containing 300 µg/kg aflatoxins and 8,000 µg/kg fumonisins; group MYC+SDPP received 300 µg/kg aflatoxins, 8,000 µg/kg fumonisins and 6% SDPP. The animals that received the experimental diet containing mycotoxins (MYC group) had lower weight gain at the end of the experiment compared to the other treatments. Animals receiving SDPP showed decreased urea levels throughout the experiment (P<0.05). Animals from MYC group presented an increased on reactive oxygen species (ROS) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) levels and decreased catalase activity (P<0.05). In contrast, SDPP prevented the increase of ROS and TBARS and stimulated superoxide dismutase activity (P<0.05). In conclusion, diet contaminated with mycotoxins (group MYC) caused subclinical intoxication in the piglets, as observed by the increase on free radical’s production and lipid peroxidation. Conversely, SDPP presented a protective effect, minimizing the effects of oxidative stress caused by aflatoxins and fumonisins ingestion.

Introdução: As listas de espera para colecistectomia, associadas à elevada demanda dos leitos e salas cirúrgicas dos Hospitais Universitários, são incentivos para adoção de novos programas de assistência. Objetivo: Avaliar o processo de organização e os resultados clínicos dos Mutirões de Colecistectomia por Videolaparoscopia, em regime de Cirurgia Ambulatorial. Pacientes e Métodos: Dentre os 314 pacientes portadores de colelitíase sintomática que aguardavam cirurgia no HCFMRP-USP, 160 foram selecionados para tratamento em regime ambulatorial. Uma equipe multiprofissional, formada por cirurgiões, anestesistas, enfermeiros e assistentes sociais, programou 4 mutirões para serem realizados em fins de semana, em função da disponibilidade do bloco cirúrgico e da sala de recuperação pós-anestésica. Mediante avaliação retrospectiva, foram analisados 79 prontuários dos pacientes operados nos Mutirões I e II (Grupo A) e 79 dos 80 operados nos Mutirões III e IV (Grupo B). Análise estatística: teste de Wilcoxon e exato de Fisher (p<0,05). Resultados: As co-morbidades foram registradas em 48 pacientes do Grupo A - (60,8%) e em 31 do Grupo B (39,8%) (p=0,007). A inflamação aguda e a escleroatrofia da vesícula foram observadas em 10 pacientes do Grupo A (12,7%) e em 2 do Grupo B (2,6%). A duração média das operações, em minutos, foi de 90 (25-240) no Grupo A e de 68,2 (20-180) no Grupo B (p=0,002). Houve uma conversão em cada Grupo (1,3%). A profilaxia da dor e dos vômitos foi realizada, respectivamente, em 13 (16,4%) e em 2 (2,5%) pacientes do Grupo A. No Grupo B, 63 pacientes (79,7%) receberam analgésicos e 73 (92,5%) antieméticos de forma profilática. A dor abdominal, os vômitos e os sintomas cardiorespiratórios, na recuperação pós-anestésica, acometeram, respectivamente, 34 (43%), 18 (22,6%) e 10 (12,6%) dos pacientes do Grupo A e 18 (22,8%), 14 (17,7%) e 3 (3,8%) do Grupo B. A necessidade de pernoite foi maior no Grupo A: 45 pacientes (50,7%) com permanência hospitalar média de 18,3 horas (8,2-26), enquanto no Grupo B houve 5 pernoites e a média de permanência foi de 7,5 horas (4-24) (p=0,000). Ocorreram 5 internações no Grupo A (6,3%) e 2 no Grupo B (2,5%). A reavaliação médica, na primeira semana, foi necessária em 8 pacientes do Grupo A (10,2%) e redundou em 3 readmissões (3,8%). No Grupo B, 2 pacientes (2,6%) procuraram o serviço de saúde e a readmissão não foi necessária. No Grupo A, 2 pacientes apresentaram coleperitônio e 1 foi reoperado; não houve óbitos em nenhum Grupo. Conclusão: O aprimoramento no processo de seleção e nos cuidados perioperatórios para colecistectomia videolaparoscópica, em regime ambulatorial, assegura o tratamento, na forma de mutirões, como estratégia eventual de redução das listas de espera.

Introduction: The growing list of patients awaiting cholecystectomy, together with the great demand for beds and operating rooms at University Hospitals have encouraged the adoption of different solutions. Objective: To evaluate the process of organization and the clinical results of intensive programs of cholecystectomy by videolaparoscopy on an ambulatory surgery basis. Methods: Among the 314 patients with symptomatic cholelithiasis who were waiting for surgery at HCFMRP-USP, 160 were selected for treatment on an ambulatory basis. A multiprofessional team consisting of surgeons, anesthesiologists, nurses and social workers scheduled 4 intensive programs to be performed on weekends according to the availability of the surgical block and of the post-anesthesia recovery room. In a retrospective evaluation, the authors analyzed 79 medical records of patients operated upon in the intensive programs I and II (Group A) and 79 records of the 80 patients operated upon in the intensive programs III and IV (Group B). Statistical analysis was concluded using the Wilcoxon and Fisher's exact tests, with the level of significance of p=0.05. Results: Co-morbidities were recorded for 48 patients of Group A (60.8%) and for 31 of Group B (39.8%), p=0.007. Acute inflammation and scleroatrophy of the gallbladder were observed in 10 patients of group A (12.7%) and in 2 patients of group B (2.6%). The mean duration of surgery was 90 minutes (25-240) for group A and 68.2 minutes (20-180) for group B, p=0.002. There was one conversion in each group (1.3%). Prophylaxis for pain and vomiting was performed in 13 (16.4%) and 2 (2.5%) patients of group A, respectively. In group B, 63 patients (79.7%) received prophylaxis with analgesics and 73 (92.5%) with anti-emetics. Abdominal pain, vomiting and cardiorespiratory symptoms during post-anesthetic recovery involved 34 (43%), 18 (22.6%) and 10 (12.6%) of the patients in group A and 18 (22.8%), 14 (17.7%) and 3 (3.8%) of the patients in group B. The need for an overnight stay was greater in group A: 45 patients (50.7%) with a mean hospital stay of 18.3 hours (2.2-26), while in group B 5 patients stayed overnight and the mean permanence time was 7.8 hours (4-24), p=0.000. Five hospital admissions occurred in group A (6.3%) and 2 in group B (2.5%). Medical re-evaluation during the first week was necessary for 8 patients of group A (10.2%) and resulted in 3 readmissions (3.8%). In group B, 2 patients (2.6%) sought health services but did not require readmission. In group A, 2 patients presented coliperitoneum and 1 was re-operated upon. No death occurred in either group. Conclusion: As experience was gained in these programs, the process of patient selection and the offer of preoperative care were improved, demonstrating that intensive programs of videolaparoscopic cholecystectomy are a possible strategy for the reduction of waiting lists.