ABSTRACT: Rhododendron fortune belongs to a scented Rhododendron species native to China, which produces fragrant flowers of great ornamental and environmental values for landscaping or indoor beautification. However, the scents in Rhododendron fortuneihave not yet been investigated, let alone the mechanism of the formation of these fragrance in the flowers. In this study, we measured the scents in terms of its volatile components and contents (VOC) in Rhododendron fortuneiat four different flowering stages and in different tissues of the plant by headspace solid-phase micro-extraction combined (HS-SPME) with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Then the characteristic aromatic values, which reflects the degree of scent perception by human, of each VOC in the plant was calculated according to its respective aromatic thresholds. Results showed that three main VOCs measured from highest to lowest are methyl benzoates, terpenes and fatty acid derivatives. Their content increased after the flower bud opening and reached the highest at half to full blossom. In a flower most VOC contents were measured in petals and only trace amount in other tissues such as stamen, pistil. A small amount of VOCs was determined in leaves as well.All aromatic values were almost corresponded to the contents of three main VOCs, indicating that the flower fragrance arises truly from these VOC components. S-adenosyl-L-methionine: benzoic acid carboxyl methyl transferase (BAMT) catalyzes the final step to form methyl benzoates. To understand the mechanism of the formation of this main type fragrance and its regulation, we firstly isolate a gene of RfBAMT from petal of Rhododendron fortuneiby using homologous cloning and RACE technology. The full length of its cDNA was 1383 bp，with an open reading frame of 1104 bp, encoding a total of 368 amino acids. The phylogenetic tree analysis showed that RfBAMT was the closest to the BSMT of Camellia japonica, belonging to methyltransferases family. Then we measured the expression level of RfBAMT again at four flower developmental stages and in different flower tissues and leaves. The results showed that the expression level of this gene was highly positively correlated with the emitted content of methyl benzoates in the flowering, implying that RfBAMT plays a pivotal role in the formation and regulation of methyl benzoates in Rhododendron fortune.Thisresearchshowed that the RfBAMT was cloned and identified in our study and its expression level was highly positively correlated with the emitted content of methyl benzoates in the flowers and leaves, which indicated this gene may play an important role on regulation of methyl benzoate synthesis in Rhododendron fortunei. ABSTRACT China beautification However investigated (VOC solidphase solid phase microextraction micro extraction HSSPME HS SPME (HS-SPME chromatographymass chromatography mass GCMS. GCMS GC MS . (GC-MS) human thresholds derivatives blossom stamen pistil wellAll well All SadenosylLmethionine S adenosyl L methionine S-adenosyl-L-methionine BAMT (BAMT technology 138 bpwith bp 110 36 acids japonica family fortuneThisresearchshowed Thisresearchshowed fortunei (GC-MS 13 11 3 1

RESUMO: Rhododendron fortunei pertence a uma espécie de rododendro perfumada nativa da China, que produz flores perfumadas de grande valor ornamental e ambiental para paisagismo ou embelezamento de interiores. No entanto, os aromas em Rhododendron fortunei ainda não foram investigados, muito menos o mecanismo de formação dessas fragrâncias nas flores. Neste estudo, medimos os aromas em termos de seus componentes e conteúdos voláteis (VOC) em Rhododendron fortunei em quatro diferentes estágios de floração e em diferentes tecidos da planta por microextração em fase sólida headspace combinada com cromatografia gasosa-espectrometria de massa. Em seguida, foram calculados os valores aromáticos característicos, que refletem o grau de percepção olfativa pelo ser humano, de cada VOC na planta de acordo com seus respectivos limiares aromáticos. Os resultados mostraram que três COVs principais medidos do mais alto ao mais baixo são benzoatos de metila, terpenos e derivados de ácidos graxos. Seu conteúdo aumentou após a abertura do botão floral e atingiu o máximo na metade da floração total. Em uma flor, a maioria dos teores de COV foram medidos em pétalas e apenas traços em outros tecidos, como estame, pistilo. Uma pequena quantidade de COVs foi determinada nas folhas também. Todos os valores aromáticos foram quase correspondentes aos teores de três COVs principais, indicando que a fragrância da flor surge verdadeiramente desses componentes de COV. Para entender o mecanismo de formação deste tipo principal de fragrância e sua regulação, primeiramente isolamos um gene de RfBAMT da pétala de Rhododendron fortunei usando clonagem homóloga e tecnologia RACE. O comprimento total de seu cDNA era de 1383 bp, com um quadro de leitura aberto de 1104 bp, codificando um total de 368 aminoácidos. A análise da árvore filogenética mostrou que RfBAMT foi o mais próximo do BSMT de Camellia japonica, pertencente à família das metiltransferases. Em seguida, medimos o nível de expressão de RfBAMT novamente em quatro estágios de desenvolvimento da flor e em diferentes tecidos e folhas de flores. Os resultados mostraram que o nível de expressão deste gene foi altamente correlacionado positivamente com o conteúdo emitido de benzoatos de metila na floração, implicando que RfBAMT desempenha um papel fundamental na formação e regulação de benzoatos de metila em Rhododendron fortune foi clonado e identificado em nosso estudo e seu nível de expressão foi altamente correlacionado positivamente com o conteúdo emitido de benzoatos de metila nas flores e folhas, o que indicou que este gene pode desempenhar um papel importante na regulação da síntese de benzoato de metila em Rhododendron fortunei. RESUMO China interiores entanto investigados (VOC gasosaespectrometria gasosa espectrometria massa seguida característicos humano graxos estame pistilo também RACE 138 bp 110 36 aminoácidos japonica metiltransferases 13 11 3 1

ABSTRACT Maize yields are important for human food security, and the issue of how to quickly and accurately segment areas of maize disease is an important one in the field of smart agriculture. To address the problem of irregular and multi-area clustering of regions of maize leaf lesions, which can lead to inaccurate segmentation, this paper proposes an improved Swin-Unet model called squeeze-and-excitation Swin-Unet (SE-Swin Unet). Our model applies Swin Transformer modules and skip connection structures for global and local learning. At each skip connection, a SENet module is incorporated to focus on global target features through channel-wise attention, with the aims of highlighting significant regions of disease on maize leaves and suppressing irrelevant background areas. The improved loss function in SE-Swin Unet is based on a combination of the binary cross entropy and Dice loss functions, which form the semantic segmentation model. Compared to other traditional convolutional neural networks on the same dataset, SE-Swin Unet achieves higher mean results for the intersection over union, accuracy, and F1-score, with values of 84.61%, 92.98%, and 89.91%, respectively. The SE-Swin Unet model proposed in this paper is therefore better able to extract information on maize leaf disease, and can provide a reference for the realisation of the complex task of corn leaf disease segmentation. security agriculture multiarea multi area lesions SwinUnet squeezeandexcitation squeeze excitation SESwin SE Unet. . Unet) learning channelwise channel wise attention functions dataset union accuracy F1score, F1score Fscore F1 score, score F F1-score 8461 84 61 84.61% 9298 92 98 92.98% 8991 89 91 89.91% respectively 846 8 6 84.61 929 9 92.98 899 89.91 84.6 92.9 89.9 84. 92. 89.

Abstract: Postmodernism is a philosophical, cultural and artistic trend of thought that emerged in the second half of the 20th century. It criticizes the rational, normative and linear thinking of modernism and calls for the acceptance of pluralism, fragmentation and relativism. Under this trend of thought, modern landscape design aesthetics has also undergone significant changes. This paper discussed the importance of Pop art in modern landscape design from the perspective of Postmodernism. As an art form, Pop art has unique historical and social significance and provides a new perspective and creative method in modern landscape design. It combines formal elements, such as colors and patterns with landscape design, adding aesthetic value to modern landscape design. The aesthetic feeling of Pop art is consistent with the theme of contemporary landscape design, such as ecological and environmental protection. The integration of Pop art into modern landscape design not only keeps the application of Pop art style, but also shows the characteristics of postmodern aesthetics. By studying the application of Pop art in modern landscape design, this paper revealed its significance and value in contemporary landscape design. Abstract philosophical th century rational pluralism relativism changes form elements protection style

Resumen: El movimiento posmodernista se originó en la segunda mitad del siglo XX como una corriente filosófica, cultural y artística. Critica el pensamiento racional, normativo y lineal del modernismo y aboga por la aceptación del pluralismo, la fragmentación y el relativismo. Bajo esta corriente de pensamiento, el diseño estético de paisajes modernos también ha experimentado cambios significativos. Este trabajo discute la importancia del arte pop en el diseño de paisajes modernos desde la perspectiva del posmodernismo. Como forma de arte, el arte pop tiene una importancia histórica y social única y proporciona una nueva perspectiva y método creativo en el diseño de paisajes modernos. Combina elementos formales como colores y patrones con el diseño de paisajes, añadiendo valor estético al diseño de paisajes modernos. La sensación estética del arte pop es consistente con el tema del diseño de paisajes contemporáneos, como la protección ecológica y medioambiental. Al incorporar el arte pop en el diseño de paisajes modernos, no solo se conserva el estilo característico del arte pop, sino que también se evidencian las cualidades propias de la estética posmoderna. Mediante el análisis de la utilización del arte pop en el diseño de paisajes contemporáneos, este estudio revela la importancia y el valor que aporta a la creación de paisajes actuales. Resumen filosófica artística racional pluralismo relativismo significativos posmodernismo contemporáneos medioambiental posmoderna actuales

Resumen La cardiomiopatía diabética es una complicación grave de la diabetes causada por estrés oxidativo, inflamación, resistencia a la insulina, fibrosis miocárdica y lipotoxicidad. Se trata de un padecimiento insidioso, complejo y difícil de tratar. El inflamasoma NLRP3 desencadena la maduración y liberación de citoquinas proinflamatorias, participa en procesos fisiopatológicos como la resistencia a la insulina y la fibrosis miocárdica, además de estar estrechamente relacionado con la aparición y progresión de la cardiomiopatía diabética. El desarrollo de inhibidores dirigidos a aspectos específicos de la inflamación sugiere que el inflamasoma NLRP3 puede utilizarse para tratar la cardiomiopatía diabética. Este artículo pretende resumir el mecanismo y las dianas terapéuticas del inflamasoma NLRP3 en la cardiomiopatía diabética, así como aportar nuevas sugerencias para el tratamiento de esta enfermedad.

Abstract Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a serious complication of diabetes caused by oxidative stress, inflammation, insulin resistance, myocardial fibrosis, and lipotoxicity; its nature is insidious, complex and difficult to treat. NLRP3 inflammasome triggers the maturation and release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, participates in pathophysiological processes such as insulin resistance and myocardial fibrosis, in addition to being closely related to the development and progression of diabetic cardiomyopathy. The development of inhibitors targeting specific aspects of inflammation suggests that NLRP3 inflammasome can be used to treat diabetic cardiomyopathy. This paper aims to summarize NLRP3 inflammasome mechanism and therapeutic targets in diabetic cardiomyopathy, and to provide new suggestions for the treatment of this disease.

Abstract Background Significant association between bullous pemphigoid (BP) and stroke has been reported. This study aimed to evaluate the level of anti-BP180 antibody in stroke patients to explore the relationship between BP and stroke in their pathogenesis. Methods We collected serum samples from stroke patients and matched controls between February 2019 and June 2020. The anti-BP180 antibody levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results A total of 1183 stroke patients including 970 with cerebral infarction (CI), 192 with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), 21 with CI and ICH, and 855 controls were enrolled in this study. Anti-BP180 autoantibody values were significantly higher in stroke patients than in controls (p < 0.001). Anti-BP180 autoantibody-positive rates were 12.51% (148) in stroke patients and 4.68% (40) in controls (p < 0.001, OR = 2.65). In anti-BP180 autoantibody-positive subjects, the values were significantly higher in stroke patients than in controls (p < 0.001). However, only 10 (6.76%) stroke patients and 3 (7.5%) controls had high values (> 100 RU/mL) (p = 0.87). Stratified analysis showed that anti-BP180 antibody positive rates were independent of age, sex, and stroke subtypes in the stroke group. Positive rates in patients with both CI and ICH were nearly two times higher than those in patients with either CI or ICH alone (p = 0.11, OR = 1.94). Study limitations This study had a limited sample size and lacked quantitative criteria for stroke severity. Conclusions Anti-BP180 antibody values and positive rates were higher in stroke patients than in controls, suggesting that stroke patients may have higher of developing BP. (BP reported antiBP180 antiBP anti BP180 anti-BP18 pathogenesis 201 2020 enzymelinked enzyme linked ELISA. ELISA . (ELISA) 118 97 CI, , (CI) 19 (ICH) 2 85 AntiBP180 AntiBP Anti Anti-BP18 p 0.001. 0001 0.001 0 001 0.001) autoantibodypositive 1251 12 51 12.51 148 (148 468 4 68 4.68 40 (40 2.65. 265 2.65 65 2.65) subjects However 1 6.76% 676 6 76 (6.76% 7.5% 75 7 5 (7.5% > ( RU/mL RUmL RU mL 0.87. 087 0.87 87 0.87) age sex group 011 11 0.11 1.94. 194 1.94 94 1.94) severity antiBP18 BP18 anti-BP1 20 202 (ELISA 9 (CI (ICH 8 AntiBP18 Anti-BP1 000 0.00 00 125 12.5 14 (14 46 4.6 (4 26 2.6 6.76 67 (6.76 7.5 (7.5 08 0.8 01 0.1 1.9 antiBP1 BP1 anti-BP AntiBP1 Anti-BP 0.0 12. (1 4. 2. 6.7 (6.7 7. (7. 0. 1. 6. (6. (7 (6

Abstract Long non-coding RNA AK001796 was initially identified altered in lung cancer. Recent research showed it could participate in the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the general biological role of AK001796 and its underlying mechanisms in HCC remain unclear. Here we demonstrated that the expression level of AK001796 in HCC tissues and cell lines was up-regulated. Silencing AK001796 suppressed the proliferation ability of HCC cells. Through dual luciferase reporter assays and loss/gain of functions studies, we identified that AK001796 could bind to miR-150, a star microRNA, promoting HCC proliferation. Furthermore, it was reported that growth factor receptor binding protein 2-associated binder 1 (GAB1) is a target gene of miR-150. Owing to AK001796 being a decoy for miR-150 and binding the same putative sites of miR-150 as GAB1, we presented that inhibition of miR-150 in AK001796 silencing cells reversed the reduction in GAB1. Subsequently, our findings demonstrated that silencing AK001796 can impair phospho-ERK1/2 and phospho-AKT. In conclusion, our investigation revealed that AK001796 promoted proliferation by enhancing phospho-ERK1/2 and phospho-AKT through AK001796/miR-150/GAB1 axis in HCC. These results provided further evidence for the critical roles of AK001796 accumulating HCC and suggested that AK001796 might act as an HCC biomarker in clinical treatment. noncoding non coding AK AK00179 cancer . (HCC) However unclear upregulated. upregulated up regulated. regulated up-regulated lossgain loss gain studies miR150, miR150 miR 150, 150 microRNA Furthermore 2associated associated 2 GAB1 GAB (GAB1 miR150. 150. miR-15 Subsequently phosphoERK1/2 phosphoERK12 phosphoERK phospho ERK1/2 ERK1 ERK phospho-ERK1/ phosphoAKT. phosphoAKT AKT. AKT conclusion AK001796/miR150/GAB1 AK001796miR150GAB1 AKmiRGAB AK001796/miR 150/GAB1 AK001796/miR-150/GAB treatment AK0017 (HCC miR15 15 (GAB miR-1 phosphoERK1 phosphoERK1/ ERK12 ERK1/ phospho-ERK1 AK001796/miR150/GAB AK001796miR150GAB AK001796miR AKmiR 150GAB1 150/GAB AK001 miR1 miR- phospho-ERK 150GAB AK00 AK0

Abstract Voriconazole increases tacrolimus blood concentration significantly when coadministrated. The recommendation of reducing tacrolimus to 1/3 in voriconazole package insert seems not to be satisfactory in clinical practice. In vitro studies demonstrated that the magnitude of inhibition depends on the concentration of voriconazole, while voriconazole exposure is determined by the genotype status of CYP2C19. CYP2C19 gene polymorphism challenges the management of drug-drug interactions(DDIs) between voriconazole and tacrolimus. This work aimed to predict the impact of CYP2C19 polymorphism on the DDIs by using physiologically based pharmacokinetics (PBPK) models. The precision of the developed voriconazole and tacrolimus models was reasonable by evaluating the pharmacokinetic parameters fold error, such as AUC0-24, Cmax and tmax. Voriconazole increased tacrolimus concentration immediately in all population. The simulated duration of DDIs disappearance after voriconazole withdrawal were 146h, 90h and 66h in poor metabolizers (PMs), intermediate metabolizers (IMs) and extensive metabolizers(EMs), respectively. The developed and optimized PBPK models in this study can be applied to assit the dose adjustment for tacrolimus with and without voriconazole. coadministrated 13 1 3 1/ practice CYPC CYP C CYP2C1 drugdrug drug interactionsDDIs interactions interactions(DDIs (PBPK error AUC024, AUC024 AUC AUC0 24, 24 AUC0-24 tmax population 146h h PMs, PMs , (PMs) IMs (IMs metabolizersEMs, metabolizersEMs EMs metabolizers(EMs) respectively CYP2C AUC02 2 AUC0-2 (PMs metabolizers(EMs AUC0-

ABSTRACT Purpose: To investigate the Shikonin (SHI) induce autophagy of hypertrophic scar-derived fibroblasts (HSFs) and the mechanism of which in repairing hypertrophic scar. Methods: This study showed that SHI induced autophagy from HSFs and repaired skin scars through the AMPK/mTOR pathway. Alamar Blue and Sirius red were used to identify cell activity and collagen. Electron microscopy, label-free quantitative proteomic analysis, fluorescence and other methods were used to identify autophagy. The differences in the expression of autophagy and AMPK/mTOR pathway-related proteins after SHI treatment were quantitatively analyzed by Western blots. A quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction assay was used to detect the expression of LC3, AMPK and ULK after adding chloroquine (CQ) autophagy inhibitor. Results: After treatment with SHI for 24 hours, it was found that the viability of HSFs was significantly reduced, the protein expression of LC3-II/LC3-I and Beclin1 increased, while the protein expression of P62 decreased. The expression of phosphorylated AMPK increased and expression of phosphorylated mTOR decreased. After the use of CQ, the cell autophagy caused by SHI was blocked. The key genes LC3 and P62 were then reexamined by immunohistochemistry using a porcine full-thickness burn hypertrophic scar model, and the results verified that SHI could induce autophagy in vivo. Conclusions: These findings suggested that SHI promoted autophagy of HSFs cells, and the potential mechanism may be related to the AMPK/mTOR signal pathway, which provided new insights for the treatment of hypertrophic scars. Purpose (SHI scarderived derived (HSFs Methods AMPKmTOR pathway collagen microscopy labelfree label free analysis pathwayrelated blots realtime real time LC CQ (CQ inhibitor Results 2 hours reduced LC3II/LC3I LC3IILC3I LCIILCI II/LC3 I II Beclin P P6 decreased blocked fullthickness full thickness model vivo Conclusions cells LC3II LC3I IILC IILC3 II/LC LCII LCI

Cell division cycle 42 (CDC42) regulates T helper (Th) cell differentiation and is related to psychological disorders. This study aimed to assess the correlation between blood CDC42 and Th cells, and their association with mental issues in stroke patients. Peripheral blood samples were obtained from 264 stroke patients and 50 controls. Then, serum CDC42 was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells were detected by flow cytometry. Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) were applied to patients. CDC42 was decreased (P<0.001), Th1 (P=0.013) and Th17 (P<0.001) cells were elevated, while Th2 cells (P=0.108) showed no difference in stroke patients compared to controls. In addition, CDC42 was negatively associated to Th1 (P=0.013) and Th17 (P<0.001) cells in stroke patients but were not associated with Th2 cells (P=0.223). Interestingly, CDC42 was negatively associated with HADS-anxiety (P<0.001) and HADS-depression scores (P=0.034) and positively associated with MMSE score (P<0.001) in stroke patients. Lower CDC42 was associated to lower occurrence of anxiety (P=0.002), depression (P=0.001), and cognitive impairment (P=0.036) in stroke patients. Furthermore, increased Th17 cells were positively correlated with HADS-anxiety and HADS-depression scores and inversely correlated with MMSE score, which were also associated with higher occurrence of anxiety, depression, and cognitive impairment in stroke patients (all P<0.05). Blood CDC42 and Th17 cells were correlated, and both of them were linked to the risk of anxiety, depression, and cognitive impairment. However, the findings need further large-scale validation, and the implicated mechanism needs more investigation. 4 CDC (CDC42 (Th disorders CDC4 26 5 controls Then enzymelinked enzyme assay cytometry HADS (HADS (MMSE P<0.001, P0001 P P<0.001 , 0 001 P=0.013 P0013 013 (P=0.013 (P<0.001 elevated P=0.108 P0108 108 (P=0.108 addition P=0.223. P0223 P=0.223 . 223 (P=0.223) Interestingly HADSanxiety HADSdepression P=0.034 P0034 034 (P=0.034 P=0.002, P0002 P=0.002 002 (P=0.002) P=0.001, P=0.001 (P=0.001) P=0.036 P0036 036 (P=0.036 Furthermore all P<0.05. P005 P<0.05 05 P<0.05) However largescale large scale validation investigation (CDC4 2 P000 P<0.00 00 P=0.01 P001 01 (P=0.01 (P<0.00 P=0.10 P010 10 (P=0.10 P022 P=0.22 22 (P=0.223 P=0.03 P003 03 (P=0.03 P=0.00 (P=0.002 (P=0.001 P00 P<0.0 (CDC P=0.0 (P=0.0 (P<0.0 P=0.1 P01 1 (P=0.1 P02 P=0.2 (P=0.22 (P=0.00 P0 P<0. P=0. (P=0. (P<0. (P=0.2 P<0 P=0 (P=0 (P<0 P< P= (P= (P< (P

Abstract Waterlogging stress is an important abiotic stress that adversely affects maize growth and yield. The mechanism regulating the early stage of the maize response to waterlogging stress is largely unknown. In this study, CM37 and cmh15 seedlings were treated with waterlogging stress and then examined in terms of their physiological changes. The results indicated that inbred line cmh15 is more tolerant to waterlogging stress and less susceptible to peroxide-based damages than CM37. The RNA sequencing analysis identified 1,359 down-regulated genes and 830 up-regulated genes in the waterlogging-treated cmh15 plants (relative to the corresponding control levels). According to the Gene Ontology analysis for the differentially expressed genes (DEGs), some important terms were identified which may play important roles in the response to waterlogging stress. Moreover, enriched Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways were also identified for the DEGs. Furthermore, the substantial changes in the expression of 36 key transcription factors may be closely related to the maize in response to waterlogging stress. This study offers important insights into the mechanism in regulating maize tolerance to waterlogging stress, with important foundations for future research. yield unknown CM CM3 cmh cmh1 peroxidebased peroxide based 1359 1 359 1,35 downregulated down regulated 83 upregulated up waterloggingtreated relative levels. levels . levels) DEGs, DEGs , (DEGs) Moreover Furthermore 3 research 135 35 1,3 8 (DEGs 13 1,

Abstract This study aimed to compare the effects of diet and exercise of different intensities on antioxidant function, aortic endothelial cell function and serum lipids in NAFLD (nonalcoholic fatty liver disease) rats. Fifty Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats (180-220g) were randomly divided into two experimental groups and fed either a standard rodent chow diet (CON; n=10) or a high-fat diet (HFD; n=40). After 16 weeks, the animals that received the HFD were randomly separated into a high-fat control group (HFC; n=10) or three exercise training groups: HFD and low-intensity exercise (LE; n=10), HFD and moderate-intensity exercise (ME; n=10), and HFD and incremental intensity exercise (IE; n=10). These experimental rats keep sedentary or trained for the next six weeks. A detection kit was used to detect nitric oxide synthase (NOs), nitric oxide (NO), malondialdehyde (MDA) and other markers of aortic oxidative stress. The expression levels of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (e-NOS) and endothelin-1 (ET-1) were detected by immunohistochemistry. TC, TG, and other lipid metabolism parameters were detected by an automatic analyzer. Exercise with different intensities could improve lipid metabolism, enhance antioxidant function, reduce MDA (P<0.01), increase NO (P<0.01), and improve the expression of e-NOS and ET-1 (P<0.01) protein levels in NAFLD rats. Decreased blood lipids were exhibited in all exercise groups. Notably, the moderate-intensity exercise demonstrated more effect on increasing glutathione (GSH) contents (P<0.01) and decreased the expression of ET-1 protein levels (P<0.01). The results showed that exercise at different intensities improved lipid metabolism and enhanced anti-oxidation function. Moderate exercise could improve the function of aortic endothelial cells.

Resumen Este estudio tuvo como objetivo comparar los efectos de la dieta y el ejercicio a diferentes intensidades sobre la función antioxidante, la función de las células endoteliales aórticas y los lípidos séricos en ratas NAFLD (con enfermedad del hígado graso no alcohólico) y alimentados con una dieta estándar para roedores (CON; n = 10) o con una dieta alta en grasas (HFD; n = 40). Después de 16 semanas, los animales que recibieron HFD se separaron aleatoriamente en un grupo de control alto en grasas (HFC; n=10) o tres grupos de entrenamiento físico: HFD y ejercicio de baja intensidad (LE; n=10), HFD y ejercicio de intensidad moderada (ME; n=10), y HFD y ejercicio de intensidad incremental (IE; n=10). Estas ratas experimentales se mantuvieron sedentarias o entrenadas durante las próximas seis semanas. Se utilizó un kit de detección para determinar óxido nítrico sintetasa (NO), óxido nítrico (NO), malondialdehído (MDA) y otros marcadores de estrés oxidativo aórtico. Los niveles de expresión de la óxido nítrico sintetasa endotelial (e-NOS) y endotelina-1 (ET-1) se detectaron mediante inmunohistoquímica. El analizador automático detectó TC, TG y otros parámetros del metabolismo de los lípidos. El ejercicio con diferente intensidad mejoró el metabolismo de los lípidos, mejoró la función antioxidante, redujo la MDA (P <0,01), aumentó el NO (P <0,01) y mejoró la expresión de los niveles de proteína e-NOS y ET-1 (P <0,01) en ratas NAFLD. Se observó una disminución de los lípidos en sangre en todos los grupos de ejercicio. En particular, el ejercicio de intensidad moderada demostró un mayor efecto en el aumento del contenido de glutatión (GSH) (P<0,01) y disminuyó la expresión de los niveles de proteína ET-1 (P<0,01). Los resultados mostraron que el ejercicio a diferentes intensidades mejoró el metabolismo de los lípidos y mejoró función antioxidante. El ejercicio moderado podría mejorar la función de las células endoteliales aórticas.

Abstract Objectives: Dexmedetomidine (DEX) is a highly selective alpha-2 adrenergic receptor agonist, which is the main sedative in the intensive care unit. This study aims to investigate the effectiveness and adverse events of DEX in maintaining hemodynamic stability in pediatric cardiac surgery. Sources: Databases such as PubMed, Cochrane, Web of Science, WANFANG STATA and China National Knowledge Infrastructure were searched for articles about the application of DEX in maintaining hemodynamic stability during and after pediatric cardiac surgery up to 18th Feb. 2021. Only randomized controlled trials were included and random-effects model meta-analysis was applied to calculate the standardized mean deviation (SMD), odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Summary of the findings: Fifteen articles were included for this meta-analysis, and 9 articles for qualitative analysis. The results showed that preoperative prophylaxis and postoperative recovery of DEX in pediatric patients undergoing cardiac surgery were effective in maintaining systolic blood pressure (SBP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and reducing heart rate (HR) (SBP: SMD = -0.35,95% CI: -0.72, 0.01; MAP: SMD = -0.83, 95% CI: -1.87,0.21; DBP: SMD = -0.79,95% CI: -1.66,0.08; HR: SMD = -1.71,95% CI: -2.29, -1.13). In addition, the frequency of Junctional Ectopic Tachycardia in the DEX treatment group was lower than that in the placebo group. Conclusions: The application of DEX for preoperative prophylaxis and postoperative recovery in pediatric cardiac surgery patients are effective in maintaining hemodynamic stability, and the clinical dose of DEX is not significantly related to the occurrence of pediatric adverse events which may be related to individual differences.

Abstract Serrapeptase, a proteolytic enzyme, has been used for the adjuvant treatment of many diseases. However, its fibrinolytic activity is still uncertain. Herein, the fibrinolytic activity of serrapeptase and its in vitro thrombolytic effects were investigated. The results showed that the fibrinolytic activity of serrapeptase was 1295 U/mg, and the specific activity was 3867 U/mg of protein when its proteolytic activity toward casein was 2800 U/mg. The optimum temperature and pH for serrapeptase activity were 37-40°C and 9.0, respectively. At 1 mmol/L, Zn2+, Mn2+ and Fe2+ could activate the fibrinolytic activity of serrapeptase, while K+, Cu2+, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) inhibited it. In vitro tests showed that serrapeptase could completely prevent blood coagulation at 150 U/mL, and the percentage of blood clot lysis reached 96.6% at 37°C after 4 h at 300 U/mL. These results indicate that serrapeptase has excellent fibrinolytic activity, and can be used as a health food or candidate drug for the prevention or treatment of thrombotic diseases.

Abstract Objective: This study aimed to examine changes in miRNAs expression profile of COPD patients. Methods: Thirty-six COPD patients as well as thirty-three healthy volunteers were recruited. Total RNAs were collected from the plasma of each participant. The differentially expressed miRNAs in COPD were screened from the GEO database. RT-qPCR was carried out to detect miRNA expression. Results: In total, 9 out of 55 miRNAs were expressed differentially in COPD patients. Confirmed by RT-qPCR validation, 6 miRNAs increased while 3 miRNAs decreased. Further analysis of miR-423-5p, which has not been reported in COPD, showed that AUC for the diagnosis of COPD was 0.9651, and miR-423-5p levels was inversely correlated with the duration of smoking. Conclusion: The present study demonstrates that miR-423-5p is a potential marker for identifying COPD patients.

Abstract To investigate effects of high-fat diet (HFD) on body length, weight and depression-like behavior of prenatal stress (PS) offspring rats. PS rat model was established by restraint stress. Sucrose preference and forced swimming tests were performed. Moreover, the effects of HFD on the growth and depression-like behavior in offspring rats were observed. Length of male and female HF group was significantly longer than that control, but length of male PS+HF group was significantly shorter than HF group. Body weight of male and female HF group was significantly higher than control, and body weight of male PS+HF group was significantly lower than HF group. No significant differences were observed in length between female PS +HF and HF groups. Compared with male PS+HF group, growth rate of male HF group was significantly higher. Moreover, HFD could reduce sucrose preference, and prolong immobility time of PS offspring rats. HFD can promote weight gain of male and female normal offspring rats. PS can partially inhibit effects of HFD on weight gain of PS male offspring rats, but exert no significant effects on PS female offspring rats. HFD can aggravate PS-induced depression-like behavior in offspring rats.