ABSTRACT Introduction: Knockdown of fat mass and obesity-associated gene (FTO) can induce N6-methyladenosine (m 6A) ribonucleic acid (RNA) methylation. The objective of this study was to explore the effect of m 6A RNA methylation on atherosclerotic vulnerable plaque by FTO knockdown. Methods: A total of 50 New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into pure high-fat group, sham operation group, vulnerable plaque group, empty load group, and FTO knockdown group (10 rabbits/group). Results: Flow cytometry showed that helper T (Th) cells in the FTO knockdown group accounted for a significantly higher proportion of lymphocytes than in the vulnerable plaque group and empty load group (P<0.05). Th cells were screened by cell flow. The level of m 6A RNA methylation in the FTO knockdown group was significantly higher than in the vulnerable plaque group and empty load group (P<0.05). The levels of total cholesterol, triglyceride, and low-density lipoprotein C were higher at the 12th week than at the 1st week, but the high-density lipoprotein C level was lower at the 12th week than at the 1st week. At the 12th week, the interleukin-7 level was significantly lower in the adeno-associated virus-9 (AVV9)-FTO short hairpin RNA group than in the control and AVV9-green fluorescent protein groups (P<0.001). Conclusion: After successfully establishing a vascular parkinsonism rabbit model, m 6A RNA methylation can decrease Th cells and vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques.

As an important component of solid tumors, mast cells show specific phenotypes in various tumor microenvironments. However, the precise mechanism of mast cell accumulation and the phenotypic features of thyroid cancer (TC) remain largely unknown. Here, we found that mast cells were obviously recruited to tumor tissue by TC-derived stem cell factor (SCF). With tumor progression, mast cell levels increased gradually. In addition, intratumoral mast cells expressed higher levels of the immunosuppressive molecule galectin-9, which effectively suppresses CD8+ T-cell antitumor immunity in vitro. Blocking galectin-9 on tumor-infiltrating mast cells reversed the immunosuppression of CD8+ T cells. In conclusion, our data elucidated novel protumorigenic and immunosuppressive roles of mast cells in TC. In addition, our results indicated that blocking mast cells may impede tumor progression and ameliorate the prognosis of TC patients.

ABSTRACT Introduction: The most evident change during exercise is the increase in oxygen demand, and prolonged high-intensity exercises may impact this even more on this demand. Physical training with progressive loads is a method that aims to reach the training goals by adjusting factors such as initial load, stage load, and a load of the athletes and can be a monitor of the aerobic and anaerobic exercise on the athlete with potential benefits for the high demand of oxygenation. Objective: Study the changes in heart rate and indexes of cardiorespiratory endurance of sprinters under training with progressive loads. Methods: By random sampling, the study subjects were 15 male sprinters and 15 non-sportsmen as research volunteers. The study subjects performed a protocol with progressive load training on a platform. All subjects underwent the Italian Kosmai cardiopulmonary function test before and after training. Results: The subjects who did not practice the sport showed VO2 max values at an exercise intensity of 13 km/h. The VO2 max maximum for sprinters was 15 km/h. Individuals who were not sprinters generally showed lower VT levels than sprinters (P <0.05). Average non-speeder individuals demonstrated higher MET scores than sprinters. Conclusion: Cardiopulmonary endurance and energy metabolism levels are strongly related to long-term participation in physical activity and exercise intensity. Incremental load training improved cardiorespiratory fitness in sprinters. The results may provide a specific theoretical basis for the daily training of sprinters in the future. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.

RESUMEN Introducción: La alteración más evidente durante el ejercicio es el aumento de la demanda de oxígeno y los ejercicios prolongados de alta intensidad pueden incidir aún más en esta demanda. El entrenamiento físico con cargas progresivas es un método que pretende alcanzar los objetivos de entrenamiento ajustando factores como la carga inicial, la carga por etapas y la carga de los atletas y puede ser un monitor del ejercicio aeróbico y anaeróbico en el atleta con beneficios potenciales para la alta demanda de oxigenación. Objetivo: Estudiar las alteraciones en la frecuencia cardíaca y en los índices de resistencia cardiorrespiratoria de los velocistas bajo tratamiento con cargas progresivas. Métodos: Seleccionamos a 15 velocistas masculinos y a 15 hombres no practicantes como voluntarios de la investigación mediante un muestreo aleatorio. Los sujetos se sometieron a un protocolo con entrenamiento de carga progresiva en plataforma. Todos los sujetos fueron sometidos a la prueba de función cardiopulmonar de Kosmai italiano antes y después del entrenamiento. Resultados: Los sujetos que no practicaban el deporte presentaron valores de VO2máx a una intensidad de ejercicio de 13 km/h. El VO2máx de los velocistas era de 15 km/h. Los individuos que no eran velocistas en general mostraron niveles de VT más bajos que los velocistas (P <0,05). La media de los no-principiantes mostró mayores puntuaciones MET que los velocistas. Conclusión: Los niveles de resistencia cardiopulmonar y de metabolismo energético están fuertemente relacionados con la participación a largo plazo en la actividad física y la intensidad del ejercicio. El entrenamiento de carga incremental mejoró la aptitud cardiorrespiratoria de los velocistas. Los resultados pueden proporcionar una base teórica específica para el entrenamiento diario de los velocistas en el futuro. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos - investigación de los resultados del tratamiento.

RESUMO Introdução: A alteração mais evidente durante o exercício é o aumento da demanda de oxigênio e os exercícios prolongados de alta intensidade podem impactar ainda mais nessa demanda. O treinamento físico com cargas progressivas é um método que visa atingir as metas de treinamento ajustando fatores como carga inicial, carga de estágio e uma carga dos atletas e pode ser um monitor do exercício aeróbico e anaeróbico sobre o atleta com potenciais benefícios para a alta demanda de oxigenação. Objetivo: Estudar as alterações na frequência cardíaca e nos índices de resistência cardiorrespiratória de velocistas sob treinamento com cargas progressivas. Métodos: Selecionou-se 15 velocistas do sexo masculino e 15 homens que não praticavam o esporte como voluntários de pesquisa por amostragem aleatória. Os sujeitos do estudo realizaram um protocolo com treinamento de cargas progressivas em plataforma. Todos os indivíduos foram submetidos ao teste de função cardiopulmonar Italian Kosmai antes e após o treinamento. Resultados: Os indivíduos que não praticavam o esporte apresentaram valores de VO2max em uma intensidade de exercício de 13 km/h. O VO2max máximo para velocistas foi de 15 km/h. Indivíduos que não eram velocistas em geral apresentaram níveis de VT mais baixos do que os velocistas (P <0,05). Os não velocistas médios demonstraram pontuações MET mais altas do que os velocistas. Conclusão: A resistência cardiopulmonar e os níveis de metabolismo energético estão fortemente relacionados com a participação a longo prazo na atividade física e intensidade do exercício. O treinamento de carga incremental melhorou a aptidão cardiorrespiratória em velocistas. Os resultados podem fornecer uma base teórica específica para o treinamento diário de velocistas no futuro. Nível de evidência II; Estudos terapêuticos - investigação dos resultados do tratamento.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Basketball is a predominant competitive sport among the masses. Its practice requires scoring as many points as possible within a specific time limit, manifesting a short-duration, high-intensity intermittent training session. To meet the sport's requirements, the athlete must have ample directional control, rapid changes in speed, and good jumping ability. Objective: Verify the effects of functional training on basketball players aiming to improve explosive power, stability, and agility. Methods: 18 college basketball players were randomly selected as volunteers for the investigation. They were randomly divided into experimental and control groups. Only to the experimental one was functional physical training added during routine training. The trial lasted for eight weeks. All participants were tested for agility, strength, speed, endurance, power, and cartilage repair before and after the experiment. Finally, a comprehensive statistical data analysis was performed. Results: There were significant differences between the experimental group and the control group in push-ups, 3200-meter run, physical acuity detection, 17 sidelines, and running items, and touch height (P<0.05). In the experimental group, there was no significant difference in high school grades (P>0.05). There was significant statistical significance in the supine project, the 3200-meter athletics project, the 17 sideline projects, and the touchdown project (P<0.05). Conclusion: The physical fitness of the experimental group improved significantly after functional physical training. After routine physical training, the control group athletes had significantly positive absolute strength and endurance results. Overall, functional fitness training is superior to conventional fitness training. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.

Resumen Introducción: El baloncesto es un deporte de competición predominante entre las masas. Su práctica requiere el mayor número posible de puntos dentro de un límite de tiempo específico, manifestando una sesión de entrenamiento intermitente de corta duración y alta intensidad. Para cumplir con los requisitos deportivos, es necesario que el atleta tenga un amplio control direccional, rápidos cambios de velocidad y una buena capacidad de salto. Objetivo: Verificar los efectos del entrenamiento funcional en jugadores de baloncesto con el objetivo de mejorar la potencia explosiva, la estabilidad y la agilidad. Métodos: 18 jugadores de baloncesto universitario fueron seleccionados al azar como voluntarios para la investigación. Se dividieron aleatoriamente en grupos experimentales y de control. Sólo al experimental se le añadió el entrenamiento físico funcional durante el entrenamiento rutinario. La prueba duró ocho semanas. Todos los participantes fueron sometidos a pruebas de agilidad, fuerza, velocidad, resistencia, potencia y reparación del cartílago antes y después del experimento. Por último, se realizó un exhaustivo análisis estadístico de los datos. Resultados: Hubo diferencias significativas entre el grupo experimental y el grupo de control en las flexiones de brazos, la carrera de 3200 metros, la detección de la agudeza física, los 17 elementos de la banda y la carrera y la altura del toque (P<0,05). En el grupo experimental, no hubo diferencias significativas en las calificaciones de la escuela secundaria (P>0,05). Hubo una significación estadística significativa en el proyecto de decúbito supino, el proyecto de 3200 metros de atletismo, los 17 proyectos de banda y el proyecto de touchdown (P<0,05). Conclusión: La aptitud física del grupo experimental mejoró significativamente tras el entrenamiento físico funcional. Tras el entrenamiento físico rutinario, los atletas del grupo de control obtuvieron resultados significativamente positivos en cuanto a fuerza y resistencia absolutas. En general, el entrenamiento de aptitud física funcional es superior al entrenamiento de aptitud física convencional. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos - investigación de los resultados del tratamiento.

RESUMO Introdução: O basquetebol é um esporte de competição predominante entre as massas. Sua prática requer o maior número possível de pontos dentro de um limite de tempo específico, manifestando uma sessão de treinamento intermitente de curta duração e de alta intensidade. Para atender aos requisitos esportivos, é necessário que o atleta tenha um amplo controle direcional, mudanças rápidas de velocidade e boa capacidade de salto. Objetivo: Verificar os efeitos do treinamento funcional em jogadores de basquetebol visando melhorar o poder explosivo, estabilidade e agilidade. Métodos: Foram selecionados aleatoriamente 18 jogadores universitários de basquetebol como voluntários para a investigação. Divididos aleatoriamente em grupos experimental e controle. Apenas ao experimental foi adicionado o treinamento físico funcional durante o treinamento de rotina. O ensaio durou oito semanas. Todos os participantes foram testados quanto a agilidade, força, velocidade, resistência, potência e reparo de cartilagem antes e depois do experimento. Finalmente, efetuou-se uma abrangente análise estatística de dados. Resultados: Verificou-se diferenças significativas entre o grupo experimental e o grupo de controle em flexões, 3200 metros de corrida, detecção de acuidade física, 17 itens de linha lateral e itens de corrida e altura de toque (P<0,05). No grupo experimental, não houve diferença significativa nas notas do ensino médio (P>0,05). Houve significância estatística significativa no projeto de supino, no projeto de atletismo de 3200 metros, nos 17 projetos de linha lateral, e no projeto de retoque (P<0,05). Conclusão: A aptidão física do grupo experimental melhorou significativamente após o treinamento físico funcional. Após o treinamento físico de rotina, os atletas do grupo de controle tiveram resultados significativamente positivos sobre força e resistência absolutas. Em geral, o treinamento de aptidão física funcional é superior ao treinamento de aptidão física convencional. Nível de evidência II; Estudos terapêuticos - investigação dos resultados do tratamento.

Although bivalirudin has been recently made available for purchase in China, large-scale analyses on the safety profile of bivalirudin among Chinese patients is lacking. Thus, this study aimed to compare the safety profile of bivalirudin and heparin as anticoagulants in Chinese ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). A total of 1063 STEMI patients undergoing PCI and receiving bivalirudin (n=424, bivalirudin group) or heparin (n=639, heparin group) as anticoagulants were retrospectively enrolled. The net adverse clinical events (NACEs) within 30 days after PCI were recorded, including major adverse cardiac and cerebral events (MACCEs) and bleeding events (bleeding academic research consortium (BARC) grades 2-5 (BARC 2-5)). The incidences of NACEs (10.1 vs 15.6%) (P=0.010), BARC 2-5 bleeding events (5.2 vs 10.3%) (P=0.003), and BARC grades 3-5 (BARC 3-5) bleeding events (2.1 vs 5.5%) (P=0.007) were lower in the bivalirudin group compared to the heparin group, whereas general MACCEs incidence (8.9 vs 6.4%) (P=0.131) and each category of MACCEs (all P>0.05) did not differ between two groups. Furthermore, the multivariate logistic analyses showed that bivalirudin (vs heparin) was independently correlated with lower risk of NACEs (OR=0.508, P=0.002), BARC 2-5 bleeding events (OR=0.403, P=0.001), and BARC 3-5 bleeding events (OR=0.452, P=0.042); other independent risk factors for NACEs, MACCEs, or BARC bleeding events included history of diabetes mellitus, emergency operation, multiple lesional vessels, stent length >33.0 mm, and higher CRUSADE score (all P<0.05). Thus, bivalirudin presented a better safety profile than heparin among Chinese STEMI patients undergoing PCI.

Abstract Fibrolipomatous hamartoma (FLH) of the nerve, also known as lipomatosis of the nerve, neurofibrillary lipomatous lesion, or intraneural lipoma, is a rare benign soft tissue tumor which mainly occurs in the nerves of the upper limb, especially in the median nerve. In April 2021, a 30-year-old male patient was secondly admitted to our hospital and underwent his third surgery, due to the recurrence of a mass and pain in the right palm, noticeable swelling and numbness of the right index and ring fingers, and limited flexion and extension activities of the right ring finger. He first visited our hospital in December 2017 due to a mass and pain in the right palm and swelling and numbness of the right index and ring fingers. When the clinician asked for the patient medical history, his parents stated that his right middle finger was swollen after birth. When the patient was ten years old; he was diagnosed with “macrodactyly” at the local county hospital, not in our hospital, and subsequently, the middle finger was amputated at the metacarpophalangeal joint level at the local county hospital. The postoperative pathological examination was not performed at that time, which was the first surgery the patient received. FLH is clinically rare, and its exact epidemiology and etiology are poorly understood. FLH is highly suspected in cases where a painless mass is present in the wrist, combined with macrodactyly. Magnetic resonance imaging and pathological examination are helpful in clarifying the diagnosis. Although FLH is a benign tumor, an individual treatment plan is the best choice according to the severity of the patient’s symptoms. Therefore, further exploration and understanding of this disease by clinicians radiologists, and pathologists is necessary.

Resumen El hamartoma fibrolipomatoso (FLH) del nervio, también conocido como lipomatosis del nervio, lesión neurofibrilar lipomatosa, o lipointraneural, es un tumor benigno de tejido blando poco frecuente, que se presenta principalmente en los nervios del miembro superior, especialmente en el nervio mediano. En abril de 2021, un paciente masculino de 30 años fue ingresado por segunda vez en nuestro hospital y sometido a su tercera cirugía debido a la recurrencia de una masa y dolor en la palma derecha, evidente hinchazón y entumecimiento de los dedos índice y anular derecho y limitadas actividades de flexión y extensión del dedo anular derecho. En diciembre de 2017, visitó por primera vez nuestro hospital debido a una masa y dolor en la palma derecha, y a la hinchazón y entumecimiento de los dedos índice y anular derecho. Cuando el clínico preguntó la historia clínica del paciente, sus padres declararon que su dedo medio derecho estaba hinchado después del nacimiento, y cuando el paciente tenía 10 años, fue diagnosticado con “macrodactilia” en el hospital local del condado, no en nuestro hospital Posteriormente, el dedo medio fue amputado a nivel de la articulación metacarpofalángica en el hospital comarcal local, pero no se realizó la patología postoperatoria en ese momento, siendo ésta la primera cirugía a la cual se sometió el paciente. La FLH es clínicamente rara, y su epidemiología y etiología exactas no se entienden bien. En los casos que presentan una masa indolora en la muñeca, combinada con macrodactilia, se sospecha de FLH. La resonancia magnética y la patología son útiles para aclarar el diagnóstico. Aunque la FLH es un tumor benigno, el plan de tratamiento individual es la mejor opción de acuerdo con la gravedad de los síntomas del paciente. Por lo tanto, es necesaria una mayor exploración y comprensión de esta enfermedad por parte de médicos, radiólogos y patólogos.

Abstract Background Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is an uncommon and serious subtype of stroke, which leads to the loss of the patient’s ability to produce and live for many years. Objective To investigate the clinical effect of nimodipine in the treatment of SAH. Methods Electronic databases including China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), VIP, SinoMed, China Master’s Theses Full-text Database (CMFD), China Doctoral Dissertations Full-text Database (CDFD), Cochrane Library, PubMed and Embase were searched from 2010 and 2021. All randomized controlled trials evaluating the efficacy of nimodipine in the treatment of SAH were included in our meta-analysis. The patients were divided into control group and treatment group. Meta-analysis was performed with Stata16.0 software. Results A total of 10 studies were included. Compared with the control group, the treatment group had higher effective rate (OR = 3.21, 95% CI: 2.25, 4.58; p < 0.001), and lower incidence of adverse reactions (OR = 0.35, 95% CI: 0.19, 0.67; p = 0.001). Before treatment, no significant differences were identified in middle cerebral artery blood flow velocity and Glasgow coma scale (GCS) score between the two groups. However, after treatment, the middle cerebral artery blood flow velocity (SMD = — 1.36, 95% CI: —2.28, —0.49; p = 0.002) and GCS score (SMD = 1.24, 95% CI: 0.58, 1.89; p < 0.001) in the treatment group were significantly better than those in the control group. Conclusions Nimodipine is effective in the treatment of SAH, lowering incidence of adverse reactions and therefore improving the prognosis of patients.

Resumo Antecedentes Hemorragia subaracnóidea (SAH) é um subtipo raro e grave de acidente vascular cerebral (AVC), o que leva à perda da capacidade do paciente de produzir e viver por muitos anos. Objetivo Investigar o efeito clínico da nimodipina no tratamento da SAH. Métodos As bases de dados eletrônicas, incluindo a China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), VIP, SinoMed, Masters Theses Full-text Database (CMFD), China Doctoral Dissertations Full-text Database (CDFD), Cochrane Library, PubMed e Embase foram pesquisadas no período de 2010 a 2021. Todos os ensaios controlados aleatorizados que avaliam a eficácia da nimodipina no tratamento da SAH foram incluídos na nossa meta-análise. Os pacientes foram divididos em grupo controle e grupo de tratamento. Meta-análise foi realizada com o software Stata 16.0. Resultados Foram incluídos um total de dez estudos. Em comparação com o grupo controle, o grupo de tratamento tinha uma taxa mais elevada (OR = 3,21, 95% CI: 2,25, 4,58; p < 0,001), e menor incidência de reações adversas (OR = 0,35, 95% CI: 0,19, 0,67; p = 0,001). Antes do tratamento, não foram identificadas diferenças significativas na velocidade média do fluxo sanguíneo da artéria cerebral e na pontuação de Glasgow coma scale (GCS) entre os dois grupos. No entanto, após o tratamento, a velocidade média do fluxo sanguíneo da artéria cerebral (SMD = −1,36, 95% CI: −2,28, 0,49; p = 0,002) e a pontuação do GCS (SMD = 1,24, 95% CI: 0,58, 1,89; p < 0,001) no grupo de tratamento foram significativamente melhores do que os do grupo controle. Conclusões A nimodipina é eficaz no tratamento da SAH, diminuindo a incidência de reações adversas e, consequentemente, melhorando o prognóstico dos doentes.

ABSTRACT The prevalence of diabetes mellitus is increasing and is related to sedentary lifestyles and obesity. Many studies were published on the effect of lifestyle interventions on glucose regulation and delay the onset of diabetes in adults with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) or prediabetes. This study aimed to investigate the role of lifestyle interventions in individuals with IGT or prediabetes using a meta-analytic approach. PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials databases were searched from their inception up to January 2020 to select eligible randomized controlled trials (RCTs). The weighted mean difference (WMD; for fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and 2-hour plasma glucose (2hPPG)) or relative risk (RR; for the risk of diabetes) with 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated for pooled effect estimates using the random-effects model. Thirteen RCTs involving 3376 individuals with IGT or prediabetes were selected for this meta-analysis. The results showed that lifestyle interventions were associated with lower FPG (WMD: -0.14; 95% CI: -0.24 to -0.05 mmol/L; p=0.004) and 2hPPG (WMD: -0.66; 95% CI: -1.12 to -0.20 mmol/L; p=0.005) in adults with IGT or prediabetes. Moreover, the risk of diabetes was significantly reduced in individuals who received lifestyle interventions (RR: 0.75; 95% CI: 0.60-0.95; p=0.015). Lifestyle interventions could help improve glucose dysregulation and prevent the progression of diabetes in adults with IGT or prediabetes. Further large-scale RCTs should be conducted to assess the effects of long-term lifestyle interventions on diabetic complications in adults with IGT or prediabetes.

Abstract Introduction: The purpose of this study was to investigate the feasibility and superiority of using the WeChat platform for midterm clinical follow-up of children who underwent transthoracic device closure for ventricular septal defects (VSDs). Methods: Ninety children with VSDs who underwent transthoracic device closure were divided into a WeChat follow-up group (WFU group) and an outpatient follow-up group (OFU group). The patients were followed up via WeChat or at an outpatient clinic three months and one year after discharge. The incidences of adverse events, associated complications, costs and time spent, loss to follow-up rate, medication adherence, and overall satisfaction were recorded. Results: There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of adverse events or postoperative complications between the two groups. Also, the loss to follow-up rate was similar between them. Compared with the OFU group, there were significant statistical advantages in the WFU group regarding the total time and cost spent, medication adherence, and satisfaction. Conclusion: The use of the WeChat platform in midterm clinical follow-up of children who underwent transthoracic device closure for VSDs has the advantages of reducing financial and time burdens, facilitating high medication adherence, and leading to high satisfaction.

Abstract Introduction: The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of mivacurium in the application of fast-track anesthesia for transthoracic device closure of ventricular septal defects (VSDs) in children. Methods: The data of 108 children who underwent transthoracic device closure of VSDs from December 2018 to June 2020 were recorded and analyzed. All children were divided into group M (mivacurium group, n=55) and group C (cisatracurium group, n=53) according to the different muscle relaxant drug used. Results: No statistically significant differences in general preoperative data, intraoperative hemodynamic changes, or the incidence of adverse reactions were noted between the two groups (P>0.05). However, the intubation condition rating of children in group M was better than that in group C. The onset time, duration of clinical action and recovery index of the muscle relaxant, postoperative mechanical ventilation duration, and length of intensive care unit stay in group M were significantly lower than those in group C (P<0.05). Conclusion: It is safe and feasible to use mivacurium as a muscle relaxant in children undergoing fast-track cardiac anesthesia during transthoracic device closure of VSDs.

Abstract To study the long-term clinical efficacy of protrusion of lumbar intervertebral disc with percutaneous laser disc decompression (PLDD). A statistics was conducted on 108 patients who had been treated with percutaneous laser disc decompression, the intervertebral height of related lesion spaces of patients in different time points after treatment and the intervertebral height ratio was calculated respectively; moreover, a statistics was conducted on VAS evaluation of patients in different time points, and the long-term efficacy after treatment with percutaneous laser disc decompression was evaluated with statistical method. The patients with follow-up period after operation respectively up to 5, 8 and 10 years and those in 3 years after operation were analyzed statistically in intervertebral height ratio and VAS scoring, and the difference was without significant statistical significance. Single-factor was analyzed to the factors likely to influence the effect of operation to get the authenticity of influence of age, disease duration and disease stage on the postoperative efficacy. Percutaneous laser disc decompression was featured by safety, efficacy and fewer complications in treatment of protrusion of lumbar intervertebral disc, and also it had no obvious influence on the spinal stability, and long-term postoperative efficacy was stable.

Abstract Observation ECA’s treatment effects in Adjuvant arthritis rats and relative mechanisms. The rat model of arthritis was established by subcutaneous injection of 0.2 mL Freund’s complete adjuvant. After model success, giving different ECA concentrations (25 mg/kg, 50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg) to rats by ig methods and continued to 28 days. Measuring thymus and spleen index; observation histopathological morphology of rat joint by HE and Masson staining, and Inflammatory cells, synovial hyperplasia, oochas score and degree of fibrosis were detected semi quantitatively. The relative gene and protein expressions were measured by RT-PCR and Western blot. Compared with Normal group, Inflammatory cells, synovial hyperplasia, fibrosis and oochas score increased significantly in Model group (P<0.01, respectively); COX-1, COX-2, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-17 mRNA expression were significantly up-regulation (P<0.01); AMPK, Beclin1 and ATG12 mRNA and protein expressions were significantly down-regulation (P<0.01, respectively). Compared with Model group, The inflammatory cells, the degree of fibrosis, the proliferation of synovial tissue and OOCHAS score decreased significantly in Middle and High groups (P<0.01, respectively); Thymus index significantly depressed in Low, Middle and High groups (P<0.01, respectively); spleen index were significantly down-regulation in Middle and High groups (P<0.05 or P<0.01); COX-2, TNF-α and IL-17 mRNA expression was significantly down-regulation (P<0.05), IL-1βand IL-6 mRNA expression were significantly depressed in Middle and High groups (P<0.05 or P<0.01); AMPK, Beclin1, LC3-II, ATG5 and ATG7 mRNA expressions were significantly up-regulation in Middle and High groups (P<0.05 or P<0.01); mTOR gene expression was significantly down-regulation (P<0.05), ATG12 mRNA expression was significantly up-regulation (P<0.01) in High group; AMPK, Beclin1, LC3-II, ATG5 and ATG7 protein expressions were significantly increased in High group (P<0.05 or P<0.01), mTOR protein expression were significantly down-regulation and ATG12 protein expression were significantly up-regulation in Low, Middle and High groups (P<0.05 or P<0.01, respectively). ECA can inhibit the inflammatory response in adjuvant arthritis rats, and its mechanism may be related to promoting autophagy of synovial cells.

Abstract We conducted this study to determine whether cornuside could improve the neurological deficit symptoms of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) rats, as well as determine the potential involvement of CD4+ T lymphocytes, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). Altogether, 32 Lewis rats were randomly divided into control, EAE, EAE/prednisolone, and EAE/cornuside, wherein their neurological function was assessed every day. CD4+ T lymphocyte recruitment into the spinal cord (SC) was evaluated using immunohistochemistry. The VCAM-1, ICAM-1 and TNF-α mRNA expressions in the SC were determined by real-time quantitative PCR, and the VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 proteins were determined by western blotting. Compared to the control group, the EAE group rats with neurological deficits had enhanced CD4+ T lymphocyte infiltration and higher expression levels of VCAM-1, ICAM-1, and TNF-α in the SC. Meanwhile, compared with the EAE group, the EAE/cornuside and EAE/prednisolone groups had lower neurological scores, less CD4+ T lymphocyte infiltrations, and lower expression levels of VCAM-1, ICAM-1, and TNF-α in the SC. Thus, cornuside ameliorated EAE, which could be owed to the inhibition of CD4+ T lymphocyte recruitment and VCAM-1, ICAM-1, and TNF-α expressions in the SC.

Abstract Breast cancer is the most common malignant tumor in women. A previous genome-wide association study reports that rs72755295, a SNP locating at intron of EXO1 (exonuclease 1), is associated with breast cancer. Due to the complete linkage disequilibrium between rs72755295 and rs4149909, a nonsynonymous mutation for EXO1, rs4149909 is supposed to be the causal SNP. Since EXO1 is overexpressed in breast carcinoma samples, we hypothesized that the genetic variations in this locus might confer breast cancer risk by regulating EXO1 expression. To substantiate this, a functional genomics study was performed. The dual luciferase assay indicated that G of rs72755295 presents significantly higher relative enhancer activity than A, thus verifying that this SNP can influence gene expression in breast cell. Through chromosome conformation capture it was disclosed that the enhancer containing rs72755295 can interact with the EXO1 promoter. RNA-seq analysis indicated that EXO1 expression is dependent on the rs72755295 genotype. By chromatin immunoprecipitation, the transcription factor PAX6 (paired box 6) was recognized to bind the region spanning rs72755295. In electrophoretic mobility shift assay, G of rs72755295 displays obviously higher binding affinity with nuclear protein than A. Our results indicated that rs72755295 is a cis-regulatory variation for EXO1 and might confer breast cancer risk besides rs4149909.

SUMMARY: A comparative study of the morphology of suboccipital cavernous sinus (SCS) using MRI and cast specimens was performed. The present retrospective study analysed the craniocervical magnetic resonance venography (MRV) imaging data of 61 patients. Three-dimensional reconstruction was performed using Mimics 19.0. The SCS left-right diameter(d1), distance from the midline (d2), supero-inferior diameter(d3), anteroposterior diameter (d4), distance from posterior diameter to skin (d5), and diameter of the SCS at different parts (d6-d8) were measured. Comparison between MRV images and cast specimens, the SCS, marginal sinus, anterior condylar vein, and vertebral artery venous plexus were symmetrical and could be bilaterally displayed, whereas the presence of extra condylar vein and posterior condylar vein exhibited different types. The adjacency between the SCS and its communicating vessels and changes in its communicating vessels corresponded well with the MRV images and cast specimens. Many types of the presence of left and right lateral condylar and posterior condylar veins were found in the cast specimens, which could be divided into the bilateral presence of posterior condylar and lateral condylar veins, unilateral presence of posterior condylar veins, and unilateral presence of lateral condylar vein. A total of 61 cases analysed using MRV images revealed the bilateral presence of posterior condylar and lateral condylar veins (77.1 %), the unilateral presence of posterior condylar vein (18.0 %), and the unilateral presence of lateral condylar vein (9.8 %), of which the bilateral presence of posterior condylar and lateral condylar veins accounted for the largest proportion. MRV images and cast specimens of the SCS showed its normal morphological structure and adjacency, thus providing accurate and complete Three-dimensional imaging anatomical data of the SCS and its communicating vascular structures. This study enriches the Chinese SCS imaging anatomy data and may be valuable in clinical practice.

RESUMEN: Se realizó un estudio comparativo de la morfología del seno cavernoso suboccipital (SCS) mediante resonancia magnética y muestras de yeso. El presente estudio retrospectivo analizó los datos de imágenes de venografía por resonancia magnética (RNM) craneocervical de 61 pacientes. La reconstrucción tridimensional se realizó con Mimics 19.0. Se midió: el diámetro izquierdo-derecho del SCS (d1), la distancia desde la línea mediana (d2), el diámetro superoinferior (d3), el diámetro anteroposterior (d4), la distancia desde el diámetro posterior hasta la piel (d5) y el diámetro del SCS en diferentes partes (d6-d8). En la comparación entre las imágenes RNM y las muestras de yeso, el SCS, el seno marginal, la vena condilar anterior y el plexo venoso de la arteria vertebral eran simétricos y se observaron bilateralmente, mientras que la presencia de la vena extracondilar y la vena condilar posterior presentaba tipos diferentes. La proximidad del SCS y sus vasos comunicantes y los cambios en sus vasos comunicantes se correspondieron bien con las imágenes de RNM y los especímenes moldeados. Se encontraron muchos tipos de venas condilares laterales y condilares posteriores izquierda y derecha en las muestras de yeso, que podrían dividirse en presencia bilateral de venas condilares posteriores y condilares laterales, presencia unilateral de venas condilares posteriores y presencia unilateral de venas condilares laterales. Un total de 61 casos analizados mediante imágenes MRV revelaron la presencia bilateral de venas condilares posteriores y condilares laterales (77,1 %), la presencia unilateral de venas condilares posteriores (18,0 %) y la presencia unilateral de venas condilares laterales (9,8 %) de los cuales la presencia bilateral de las venas condilar posterior y condilar lateral representó la mayor proporción. Las imágenes de RNM y las muestras de yeso del SCS mostraron su estructura morfológica y adyacencia normales, lo que proporcionó datos anatómicos de imágenes tridimensionales precisos y completos del SCS y sus estructuras vasculares comunicantes. Este estudio enriquece los datos de anatomía de imágenes de SCS chino y puede ser valioso en la práctica clínica.