ABSTRACT It is necessary to diversify the scion/rootstock combinations for Persian lime cultivation, notably under tropical rainfed conditions. Therefore, in this work we evaluated the performance of a new cultivar, BRS EECB IAC Ponta Firme, up to six years after planting on 26 citrus rootstocks under Aw climate in northern São Paulo state, Brazil. Thirty single-tree randomized replications of each rootstock were evaluated without irrigation at 1,000 trees·ha-1. Lemon-type, followed by mandarin rootstocks induced the largest tree size and higher mean yield, probably related to the higher drought tolerance. The true dwarfing rootstocks of Flying Dragon trifoliate orange and Lindcove citrandarin were highly drought-intolerant, but, in addition to Swingle citrumelo and four other citrandarins, they did not present huanglongbing-symptomatic trees during the evaluation period under strict control of the insect vector. Overall, BRS EECB IAC Ponta Firme fruit quality was minimally influenced by the rootstock cultivar and fulfilled the requirements for both domestic and export fresh fruit markets. Due to superior production efficiency associated with high yield in relation to the canopy size, the Goutoucheng sour orange, BRS Ary, BRS Bravo and BRS Matta hybrids were selected as potential rootstocks of rainfed BRS EECB IAC Ponta Firme lime under Aw climate (tropical savannah) conditions.

RESUMO Com o advento do cenário pandêmico causado pelo SARS-CoV-2, no início do ano de 2020, foi notado um vasto quadro clínico entre os indivíduos infectados. Dentre os sintomas oculares mais comuns ocasionados pela COVID-19, o olho seco tornou-se bastante prevalente nesse meio. O estudo do tipo revisão narrativa busca avaliar os fatores de risco associados ao surgimento ou à intensificação dos quadros de olho seco na população durante o período pandêmico. A partir da análise bibliográfica, foi descrita a influência da ventilação por pressão positiva, do uso de máscaras de forma incorreta e de telas eletrônicas e da ansiedade e da depressão como fatores predisponentes ao desenvolvimento da doença do olho seco. No entanto, ainda é notada a necessidade de estudos mais explicativos para estabelecer a relação direta entre a causalidade dos fatores.

ABSTRACT With the advent of the pandemic scenario caused by SARS-CoV-2 in the beginning of the year 2020, a vast clinical picture was noticed among the infected individuals. Among the most common eye symptoms caused by Covid-19, dry eye (DE) has become quite prevalent in this environment. The narrative review study seeks to assess the risk factors associated with the emergence or intensification of DE conditions in the population during the pandemic period. A literature review showed the influence of positive pressure ventilation, incorrect use of masks, as well as electronic screens, in addition to anxiety and depression as predisposing factors for the development of dry eye disease. However, the need for more explanatory studies and for establishing a direct relationship between the causality of the factors is still noted.

Resumo A Astronomia é uma das mais antigas ciências naturais, tendo sido desenvolvida por diferentes civilizações e com distintos propósitos nos últimos milênios. No Brasil, vários tópicos astronômicos permeiam a educação básica, tanto em nível fundamental quanto médio. Somado a isso, nas últimas décadas vem crescendo o número de pesquisas e o interesse pela divulgação científica e pelo ensino em espaços não-formais de educação. As atividades educacionais e a divulgação científica nesse contexto, se bem exploradas, podem contribuir para a socialização e a popularização de conhecimentos sobre Astronomia. Além disso, podem servir de suporte à formação de professores e alunos. Dessa forma, o debate sobre o tema é importante e deve ser instigado tanto no âmbito não acadêmico quanto no âmbito da formação docente e discente. Frente a isso, um projeto de extensão da Coordenadoria de Física (CODAFIS) do Instituto Federal de Minas Gerais - Campus Ouro Preto (IFMG-OP) foi iniciado em 2011, oferecendo observações e atividades sobre Astronomia para a população local e das cidades vizinhas. Desde então, mais de 7.000 pessoas já participaram das ações, demonstrando o imenso potencial do tema. As discussões sobre Astronomia levam normalmente a discussões sobre Física, quando conceitos e vários outros assuntos podem ser tratados de forma aplicada, fomentando o interesse por esses temas. No entanto, atividades mal elaboradas ou mal desenvolvidas podem gerar reações adversas no público, causando resistência com relação ao assunto. Assim, esse artigo tem como objetivo principal identificar elementos que podem culminar com a não efetividade das atividades de observação. Além disso, busca-se identificar parâmetros que sejam determinantes para o êxito das ações, além de compartilhar conhecimentos empíricos obtidos com o desenvolvimento do projeto e encorajar grupos, acadêmicos ou não, a desenvolverem atividades astronômicas similares em ambientes formais e não-formais de ensino e também em diferentes regiões do país.

Abstract Astronomy is one of the oldest natural sciences and have been developed by different civilizations and with different purposes in the last millennia. In Brazil, several astronomical topics are teached in basic education, both at the fundamental and medium levels. In addition, the number of researches and activities about scientific dissemination and teaching in non-formal places is increasing. Educational activities and scientific dissemination in this context, if well done, can contribute to the socialization and popularization of astronomy knowledge. Besides that, they can help to improve the knowledge of teachers and students. In this way, the debate on the subject is important and should be instigated both in the non-academic context and in the scope of teacher and student training. In this way, a practical project of the Physics Department (CODAFIS) of the Federal Institute of Minas Gerais - Campus Ouro Preto (IFMG-OP) was started in 2011, offering observations and activities on Astronomy for the local population and neighboring cities. Since then, more than 7,000 people have attended the actions, which shows the large potential of the theme. Astronomy discussions naturally lead to Physics, when concepts and many other subjects can be treated in an applied way. In general, people are more interested in activities in this context than in traditional teaching environments. However, poorly designed or poorly developed activities can generate adverse reactions in the public, leading to dislike on the subject. Thus, this article's main objective is to identify elements that can culminate with the non-effectiveness of the observation activities. In addition, it seeks to identify parameters that are determinant for the success of the actions, in addition to sharing empirical knowledge obtained with the development of the project and to encourage groups, academic or otherwise, to develop similar astronomical activities in formal and non-formal educational environments and also in different regions of the country.

RESUMO O Estado de Sergipe é o maior produtor de mangaba, fruta nativa do Brasil e de importância cultural, social e econômica nas áreas de ocorrência. Encontra-se em risco de extinção devido a ações antrópicas, e apesar de seu potencial econômico, ainda não existem plantios comerciais da espécie. O trabalho foi desenvolvido com o objetivo de caracterizar árvores, frutos e a diversidade genética de populações naturais de mangabeira em Sergipe, Brasil. Frutos oriundos de Abaís/Estância (AB) apresentam em média o dobro do conteúdo de vitamina C (414.81 mg de vit. C/100g) dos demais. O uso de primers ISSR foi eficiente para estimar a similaridade genética das populações, sendo agrupados de acordo com sua origem, o que indica a diversidade genética destas mangabeiras, e seu isolamento. Os resultados poderão ser usados para direcionar a seleção de indivíduos em ações de conservação desses recursos genéticos, in situ e ex situ.

ABSTRACT The state of Sergipe is the largest mangaba producer, which is a fruit native to Brazil, and has cultural, social and economic importance in its area of occurrence. It is an endangered species due to human actions, and despite its economic potential, there are still no commercial plantations. The study was carried out in order to characterize trees, fruits and the genetic diversity of natural populations of mangaba in Sergipe, Brazil. Fruits from Abaís Beach/Estância (AB) presented, on average, twice the vitamin C content (414.81 mg of vit. C/100g), when compared with the others. The use of ISSR primers was efficient in estimating the genetic similarity of populations. The primers clustered the populations of mangaba according to their origin, which indicates the genetic diversity of mangaba and their isolation. The results can be used to guide the selection of individuals in situ and ex situ conservation actions of these genetic resources.

Abstract The objective of this work was to evaluate the antioxidant activity of protein hydrolysates obtained by the enzymatic hydrolysis of okara using an endopeptidase (Alcalase) and exopeptidase (Flavourzyme). The reaction was monitored by the pH-stat procedure in which five aliquots were collected during the hydrolysis by each enzyme, corresponding to different degrees of hydrolysis (DH). The antioxidant activities of the aliquots were evaluated by the ABTS, DPPH and FRAP methods. For the hydrolysates obtained using Alcalase, the antioxidant activities increased from: 68.6 to 99.5% (ABTS), 14.5 to 17.7% (DPPH) and 222.6 to 684.9 µM Trolox (FRAP), when the DH varied from 0 to 33.6%. With respect to Flavourzyme, the results were: 67.2 to 88.2% (ABTS), 9.5 to 18.5% (DPPH) and 168.0 to 360.3 µM Trolox (FRAP), when the DH increased up to 5.8%. The results showed that the protein hydrolysates had antioxidant capacities, which were influenced by the degree of hydrolysis and the type of enzyme.