RESUMO Objetivo Descrever a prevalência do uso de hormônios, o perfil sociodemográfico e o acesso aos serviços de saúde pela população trans, travesti e não-binária em Porto Alegre, no Rio Grande do Sul. Métodos Utilizou-se estudo transversal, entre setembro e novembro de 2021, com amostragem por “bola de neve” (n=65), realizado a partir de questionário autoaplicável com pessoas trans de idade igual ou superior a 18 anos. Resultados Verificou-se o alto uso de hormônios (n=47), com maior ocorrência de auto-hormonização entre as mulheres trans, travestis e pessoas transfemininas (n=10). O acompanhamento em saúde ocorre principalmente nos ambulatórios de identidade de gênero (n=56). Episódios de transfobia e travestifobia ao acessar os serviços de saúde foram relatados por 28 pessoas. Conclusão Este estudo demonstrou o alto uso de hormônios, as especificidades na utilização entre as diferentes identidades de gênero e a necessidade de melhorias no acesso aos serviços de saúde.

ABSTRACT Objective To describe the prevalence of hormone use, sociodemographic profile, and access to health services among the transgender, transvestite, and nonbinary population in Porto Alegre, capital city of Rio Grande do Sul state. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted between September and November 2021, using a snowball sampling method (n=65). Data were collected through a self-administered questionnaire with transgender people aged 18 years or older. Results High hormone use was observed (n=47), with a higher occurrence of self-medication among transgender women, transvestites, and transfeminine people (n=10). Health monitoring predominantly occurs in gender identity outpatient clinics (n=56). Episodes of transphobia when accessing health services were reported by 28 individuals. Conclusion This study demonstrated high prevalence of hormone use, highlighted specific patterns of use across different gender identities, and the need for improvements in access to healthcare services.

RESUMEN Objetivo Describir la prevalencia del uso de hormonas, el perfil sociodemográfico y el acceso a los servicios de salud por parte de la población trans, travesti y no binaria en Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul. Métodos Se utilizó un estudio transversal, entre septiembre y noviembre de 2021, con muestreo por “bola de nieve” (n=65), realizado a partir de un cuestionario autoadministrado con personas trans de 18 años o más. Resultados Se observó un alto uso de hormonas (n=47), con mayor incidencia de automedicación hormonal entre mujeres trans, travestis y personas transfemeninas (n=10). El seguimiento en salud se realiza principalmente en ambulatorios de identidad de género (n=56). Episodios de transfobia y travestifobia al acceder a los servicios de salud fueron reportados por 28 personas. Conclusión Este estudio demostró el alto uso de hormonas, las especificidades en su utilización entre las diferentes identidades de género y la necesidad de mejorar el acceso a los servicios de salud.

ABSTRACT Objective Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP1) and leptin (Lep) are afferent signals that regulate energy metabolism. Lactational hypernutrition results in hyperphagia and adiposity in adult life, and these events can be prevented by exercise. We evaluated the effects of swimming training on hypothalamic (GLP1-R) and Lep receptor (Lep-R) gene expressions in lactational hypernutrition-induced obesity. Methods On the 3rd postnatal day, the litter sizes of lactating dams were adjusted to small litters (SL; 3 pups/dams) or normal litters (NL; 9 pups/dams). After weaning (21 days), NL and SL male rats were randomly distributed to sedentary (Sed) and exercised (Exe) groups. Exercised mice swam (30 min/3 times/week) for 68 days. Food intake and body weight gain were registered. At 92 days, intraperitoneal glucose and insulin tolerance tests were performed and rats were euthanized at 93 days; adipose tissue depots were weighed, and blood counts and plasma biochemical analyses performed. Hypothalamus were isolated to evaluate Lep-R and GLP1-R gene expressions. Results Small litters sedentary rats presented increased body weight gain, adiposity, insulin sensibility and higher fasting values of glucose and triglycerides, besides higher hypothalamic gene expressions of Lep-R and GLP1-R, compared to NLSed animals. SLExe rats did not develop obesity or metabolic abnormalities and Lep-R and GLP1-R hypothalamic gene expressions were normalized. Conclusion Lactational hypernutrition induces obesity and metabolic dysfunction in adult life, in association with higher hypothalamic expressions of the Lep-R and GLP1-R genes. Exercise prevented obesity and improved metabolic state in SL overnourished rats, and normalized their hypothalamic Lep-R and GLP1-R gene expressions. Glucagonlike Glucagon like peptide1 peptide 1 peptide- GLP1 GLP (GLP1 (Lep metabolism life exercise GLP1R GLPR R (GLP1-R LepR (Lep-R hypernutritioninduced induced rd day (SL pups/dams pupsdams pups (NL pups/dams. . 21 (2 days , days) Sed (Sed Exe (Exe groups 30 (3 min3 min min/ times/week timesweek times week 6 registered weighed triglycerides GLP1R, R, animals genes (GLP 2 (

RESUMO Objetivo Descrever a prevalência do uso de hormônios, o perfil sociodemográfico e o acesso aos serviços de saúde pela população trans, travesti e não-binária em Porto Alegre, no Rio Grande do Sul. Métodos Utilizou-se estudo transversal, entre setembro e novembro de 2021, com amostragem por “bola de neve” (n=65), realizado a partir de questionário autoaplicável com pessoas trans de idade igual ou superior a 18 anos. Resultados Verificou-se o alto uso de hormônios (n=47), com maior ocorrência de auto-hormonização entre as mulheres trans, travestis e pessoas transfemininas (n=10). O acompanhamento em saúde ocorre principalmente nos ambulatórios de identidade de gênero (n=56). Episódios de transfobia e travestifobia ao acessar os serviços de saúde foram relatados por 28 pessoas. Conclusão Este estudo demonstrou o alto uso de hormônios, as especificidades na utilização entre as diferentes identidades de gênero e a necessidade de melhorias no acesso aos serviços de saúde. nãobinária não binária Alegre Sul Utilizouse Utilizou se transversal 2021 bola neve n=65, n65 n n=65 , 65 (n=65) 1 anos Verificouse Verificou n=47, n47 n=47 47 (n=47) autohormonização auto hormonização n=10. n10 n=10 . 10 (n=10) n=56. n56 n=56 56 (n=56) 2 202 n6 n=6 6 (n=65 n4 n=4 4 (n=47 n1 n=1 (n=10 n5 n=5 5 (n=56 20 n= (n=6 (n=4 (n=1 (n=5 (n= (n

ABSTRACT Objective To describe the prevalence of hormone use, sociodemographic profile, and access to health services among the transgender, transvestite, and nonbinary population in Porto Alegre, capital city of Rio Grande do Sul state. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted between September and November 2021, using a snowball sampling method (n=65). Data were collected through a self-administered questionnaire with transgender people aged 18 years or older. Results High hormone use was observed (n=47), with a higher occurrence of self-medication among transgender women, transvestites, and transfeminine people (n=10). Health monitoring predominantly occurs in gender identity outpatient clinics (n=56). Episodes of transphobia when accessing health services were reported by 28 individuals. Conclusion This study demonstrated high prevalence of hormone use, highlighted specific patterns of use across different gender identities, and the need for improvements in access to healthcare services. profile transvestite Alegre state crosssectional cross sectional 2021 n=65. n65 n n=65 . 65 (n=65) selfadministered self administered 1 older n=47, n47 n=47 , 47 (n=47) selfmedication medication women transvestites n=10. n10 n=10 10 (n=10) n=56. n56 n=56 56 (n=56) 2 individuals identities 202 n6 n=6 6 (n=65 n4 n=4 4 (n=47 n1 n=1 (n=10 n5 n=5 5 (n=56 20 n= (n=6 (n=4 (n=1 (n=5 (n= (n

RESUMEN Objetivo Describir la prevalencia del uso de hormonas, el perfil sociodemográfico y el acceso a los servicios de salud por parte de la población trans, travesti y no binaria en Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul. Métodos Se utilizó un estudio transversal, entre septiembre y noviembre de 2021, con muestreo por “bola de nieve” (n=65), realizado a partir de un cuestionario autoadministrado con personas trans de 18 años o más. Resultados Se observó un alto uso de hormonas (n=47), con mayor incidencia de automedicación hormonal entre mujeres trans, travestis y personas transfemeninas (n=10). El seguimiento en salud se realiza principalmente en ambulatorios de identidad de género (n=56). Episodios de transfobia y travestifobia al acceder a los servicios de salud fueron reportados por 28 personas. Conclusión Este estudio demostró el alto uso de hormonas, las especificidades en su utilización entre las diferentes identidades de género y la necesidad de mejorar el acceso a los servicios de salud. Alegre Sul transversal 2021 bola nieve n=65, n65 n n=65 , 65 (n=65) 1 más n=47, n47 n=47 47 (n=47) n=10. n10 n=10 . 10 (n=10) n=56. n56 n=56 56 (n=56) 2 202 n6 n=6 6 (n=65 n4 n=4 4 (n=47 n1 n=1 (n=10 n5 n=5 5 (n=56 20 n= (n=6 (n=4 (n=1 (n=5 (n= (n

Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the genetic expression of adipokines in the adipocytes of monosodium glutamate (MSG)-treated obese rats submitted to physical activity.Materials and methods Obesity was induced by neonatal MSG administration. Exercised rats (MSG and control) were subjected to swim training for 30 min for 10 weeks, whereas their respective controls remained sedentary. Total RNA was obtained from sections of the mesenteric adipose tissue of the rats. mRNA levels of adiponectin (Adipoq), tumor necrosis factor alpha (Tnf), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (Ppara), and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (Pparg) adipokines were quantified by quantitative Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR).Results In the exercise-trained control group, the expression of Adipoq increased compared to the sedentary control, which was not observed in the MSG-obese rats. Increased levels of Tnf in MSG-obese rats were not reversed by the swim training. The expression of Ppara was higher in sedentary MSG-obese rats compared to the sedentary control. Swimming increased this adipokine expression in the exercise-trained control rats compared to the sedentary ones. mRNA levels of Pparg were higher in the sedentary MSG-rats compared to the sedentary control; however, the exercise did not influenced its expression in the groups analyzed.Conclusions In conclusion, regular physical activity was not capable to correct the expression of proinflammatory adipokines in MSG-obese rat adipocytes.

Astyanax altiparanae, recentemente descrita, é comum na bacia do alto rio Paraná, tendo sido registrada recentemente na bacia do rio Iguaçu. Entretanto, sua origem natural no rio Iguaçu é questionável. No presente trabalho algumas características cariotípicas e morfológicas de duas populações de Astyanax altiparanae do rio alto rio Tibagi e alto rio Iguaçu foram comparadas. Ambas as populações mostraram 2n=50 cromossomos e diferenças nas suas fórmulas de cariotípicas, cromossomos portadores das regiões organizadoras de nucléolos e localização da heterocromatina. Dados morfométricos das duas populações foram analisados para variáveis canônicas livres de tamanho. Os dados citogenéticos e morfológicos foram coincidentes e mostraram marcas exclusivas que refletem o grau de isolamento populacional. Em adição a outros dados geográficos, morfológicos e moleculares em populações de A. altiparanae do baixo rio Iguaçu e tributários do rio Paraná acima da represa de Itaipu (Sul do Brasil), os presentes resultados indicam que as duas populações analisadas neste estudo pertençam a diferentes estoques. A presença desta espécie ao longo da bacia do rio Iguaçu pode ser uma conseqüência de uma história evolutiva complexa e pouco conhecida.

The recently described fish species, Astyanax altiparanae (tetra) is common in the upper rio Paraná basin, and has been reported in the Iguaçu basin. However, its natural origin in the rio Iguaçu is questionable. In the present work, karyotypical and morphological features of two populations of Astyanax altiparanae from the upper rio Tibagi and upper rio Iguaçu were compared. Both populations showed 2n=50 chromosomes and differences in their karyotype formula, NOR-bearing chromosomes and location of heterochromatin. Morphometric data from both populations were analyzed through free-size canonical variables. Cytogenetic and morphological results were mostly coincident showing exclusive markers that reflect their degree of populational isolation. In addition to other geographic, morphological and molecular data for A. altiparanae populations from the lower rio Iguaçu and rio Paraná tributaries upstream from the Itaipu Dam (South Brazil), the present results indicate that the two populations analyzed in this study belong to different stocks. The presence of this species along the rio Iguaçu basin would be a consequence of a complex and poorly understood evolutionary history.