Abstract Self-medication (SM) is the practice of consuming medicines without a prescription. Despite being a potentially dangerous action, SM is practiced globally and has been highlighted during the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim of this study was to evaluate SM for the prevention or treatment of COVID-19 and the factors associated with this practice among undergraduate students in Southern Brazil. A cross-sectional study was conducted between July and November 2020 using an electronic questionnaire to collect information about the practice of SM and the associated sociodemographic characteristics, health perception, and lifestyle. We collected 1,553 responses and identified a prevalence of 14.9% for SM. The risk factors for SM were earning between BRL 2,101 and BRL 5,250, studying at a public university, and studying a distance undergraduate course. The protective factors were age above 30 years, female sex, working or participating in internships, occasionally recommending their own medications to other people, and worsening health during the pandemic. The main drugs or products used were ivermectin, vitamins C and D, tea, azithromycin, zinc, and propolis. Our data could help in the development of health education measures to reduce SM among undergraduate students and guide the population regarding the risks of this practice. Selfmedication Self medication (SM prescription action COVID19 COVID 19 COVID-1 pandemic Brazil crosssectional cross sectional 202 characteristics perception lifestyle 1553 1 553 1,55 149 14 9 14.9 2101 2 101 2,10 5250 5 250 5,250 university course 3 years sex internships people ivermectin D tea azithromycin zinc propolis COVID1 COVID- 20 155 55 1,5 14. 210 10 2,1 525 25 5,25 15 1, 21 2, 52 5,2 5,

Abstract Red cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata f. rubra DC.) extract has been demonstrated hypolipidemic and antioxidant capacity. Herein, we investigated the effect of red cabbage aqueous extract (RC) or fenofibrate (FF) in oxidative stress induced by Triton WR-1339 in rats. The antioxidant capacity was evaluated through the superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities and, thiobarbituric reactive species (TBARS) and protein carbonyl (PC) levels in erythrocytes, liver, kidneys, cerebral cortex and hippocampus of male rats. The alterations promoted by Triton WR-1339 in enzymatic antioxidant defense in the liver, kidneys and hippocampus were reversed by RC or FF treatments. The TBARS and PC levels increased in the liver, cerebral cortex and hippocampus of hyperlipidemic rats were decreased by the treatments with RC or FF. These findings demonstrated that RC is a potential therapy to treat diseases not only involving dyslipidemic condition but also oxidative stress.

Este estudo retrata a etapa de diagnóstico de 201 Planos Municipais de Assistência Farmacêutica enviados entre 12 de novembro de 2005 a 06 de julho de 2006 à Diretoria de Assistência Farmacêutica da Secretaria de Estado da Saúde de Santa Catarina (DIAF-SES/SC). Utilizou-se a Análise de Correspondência Múltipla, através do programa SPAD 3.5 e posteriormente realizou-se teste de hipótese. As variáveis "presença de farmacêutico" e "população" foram as que mais contribuíram para a formação dos três agrupamentos de municípios evidenciados. O número de medicamentos constantes das Relações Municipais de Medicamentos Essenciais (REMUMEs) variou entre 15 e 413, sendo que 67 municípios possuem entre 101 e 200 medicamentos, considerado neste estudo como o intervalo ideal, de acordo com a Relação Nacional de Medicamentos Essenciais de 2006. Não se verificou tendência à correlação entre o número de medicamentos nas REMUMEs e a população do município. Os resultados confirmam a conhecida disparidade em relação à Assistência Farmacêutica entre municípios de diferentes portes e ressaltam a necessidade de estruturação das atividades de Assistência Farmacêutica nos municípios estudados. Há ainda a necessidade de maior comprometimento de todas as esferas de gestão para que as atividades de Assistência Farmacêutica no nível local garantam o acesso a medicamentos e serviços de qualidade, visando o uso racional.

This study outlines the diagnosis stage of 201 Municipal Pharmaceutical Assistance Plans sent to the Directorate of Pharmaceutical Assistance of the State Secretariat for Health of Santa Catarina (DIAF-SES/SC) between November 12, 2005 and July 6, 2006. Multiple Correspondence Analysis was used in conjunction with SPAD 3.5 software, followed by hypothesis testing. The variables "pharmacist presence" and "population" were those which most contributed to the formation of the three clusters of municipalities observed. The number of drugs contained in the Municipal Lists of Essential Drugs (REMUMEs) ranged from 15 to 413. A total of 67 towns had between 101 and 200 drugs- a range considered ideal in this study according to the 2006 National List of Essential Drugs. No tendency toward correlation between number of drugs listed in the REMUMES and municipality population size was found. Results confirmed the known disparity in Pharmaceutical Assistance among municipalities of different sizes and highlighted the need for structuring the activities of Pharmaceutical Assistance in the municipalities studied. There is also a need for greater commitment from all management spheres so that activities of Pharmaceutical Assistance at a local level ensure access to quality drugs and services, while fostering rational use.

O medicamento tem se convertido em elemento importante na recuperação e garantia da qualidade de vida; no entanto, há riscos evitáveis associados a seu uso. Neste contexto, o objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar as publicações de estudos de utilização de medicamentos quanto aos tipos de resultados obtidos e suas contribuições para as intervenções terapêuticas. Foram analisados 27 artigos sobre estudos de utilização de medicamentos selecionados nas bases de dados Scielo e Lilacs em relação a objetivos, tipo de estudo, população e amostra selecionada, métodos de estudo e resultados mais relevantes. Os resultados dos artigos analisados foram discutidos a partir das categorias analíticas, criadas através da seleção dos temas emergentes da análise, prevalência do consumo de medicamentos, fatores relacionados ao uso de medicamentos, automedicação, organização dos serviços de saúde, percepção do medicamento e adesão à terapia. De forma geral, as sugestões dos autores restringiram-se à necessidade de prestar informação ao paciente. Conclui-se que as informações construídas pelos estudos de utilização de medicamentos podem ser o caminho inicial para a mudança tão almejada nas práticas profissionais.

With the advancements in pharmacotherapy, medicaments turned into important elements and powerful tools in the recovery and maintenance of health and quality of life. However, there are risks associated with their use that can be minimized by investing in drug utilization studies. The objective of this study is to analyze publications in the field of drug utilization with regard to the kinds of results obtained and their contribution to therapeutic interventions. Twenty seven studies on drug utilization selected from the Scielo and Lilacs bases were analyzed as refers to their objectives, kind of study, selected population and sample, methods used and most relevant results. The results of the analyzed papers were discussed according to their analytic categories, prevalence of medicine consumption, factors related to the use of medicines, self-medication, the organization of the health services, perception of the medicament and adherence to therapy. In most cases, the suggestions of the authors were limited to the need of informing the patient. It is concluded that the information constructed by the drug utilization studies could be the beginning of the desired change in the professional practices.

O medicamento tem se convertido em elemento importante na recuperação e garantia da qualidade de vida; no entanto, há riscos evitáveis associados a seu uso. Neste contexto, o objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar as publicações de estudos de utilização de medicamentos quanto aos tipos de resultados obtidos e suas contribuições para as intervenções terapêuticas. Foram analisados 27 artigos sobre estudos de utilização de medicamentos selecionados nas bases de dados Scielo e Lilacs em relação a objetivos, tipo de estudo, população e amostra selecionada, métodos de estudo e resultados mais relevantes. Os resultados dos artigos analisados foram discutidos a partir das categorias analíticas, criadas através da seleção dos temas emergentes da análise, prevalência do consumo de medicamentos, fatores relacionados ao uso de medicamentos, automedicação, organização dos serviços de saúde, percepção do medicamento e adesão à terapia. De forma geral, as sugestões dos autores restringiram-se à necessidade de prestar informação ao paciente. Conclui-se que as informações construídas pelos estudos de utilização de medicamentos podem ser o caminho inicial para a mudança tão almejada nas práticas profissionais.

With the advancements in pharmacotherapy, medicaments turned into important elements and powerful tools in the recovery and maintenance of health and quality of life. However, there are risks associated with their use that can be minimized by investing in drug utilization studies. The objective of this study is to analyze publications in the field of drug utilization with regard to the kinds of results obtained and their contribution to therapeutic interventions. Twenty seven studies on drug utilization selected from the Scielo and Lilacs bases were analyzed as refers to their objectives, kind of study, selected population and sample, methods used and most relevant results. The results of the analyzed papers were discussed according to their analytic categories, prevalence of medicine consumption, factors related to the use of medicines, self-medication, the organization of the health services, perception of the medicament and adherence to therapy. In most cases, the suggestions of the authors were limited to the need of informing the patient. It is concluded that the information constructed by the drug utilization studies could be the beginning of the desired change in the professional practices.