Abstract Some Antarctic ice-free areas have been affected by changes in lacustrine zones and permafrost thawing due to rising air temperatures over the last 60 years Temperature time-series were analyzed to understand the processes leading to the changes of Boeckella and Buenos Aires lakes, north Antarctic Peninsula. Statistical calculations were applied to average, maximum, and minimum temperatures, as well as to indexes such as Positive Degrees Day, Freezing/Thaw Day, and days with temperatures ≥ 0 °C and ≥ 10 °C. Changes in the region over recent decades were observed in mean and maximum temperatures and an increase in minimum temperature since the mid-1990s. In addition, the Normalized Difference Water Index was extracted from Landsat images from 2003, 2016, 2020, and 2021. These images were used to calculate changes in the areas of Boeckella and Buenos Aires lakes. These data revealed an 87% decrease in the area (m²) of Boeckella Lake and a 60% increase in Buenos Aires Lake´s area (m²). Concern has been raised about the modifying lake areas in the Antarctic Peninsula, where the collapse of Boeckella Lake could be the first case recorded in ice-free areas of Antarctica continent. icefree ice free 6 timeseries time series lakes Peninsula average Day FreezingThaw Freezing Thaw C 1 mid1990s. mid1990s mids mid 1990s. 1990s s mid-1990s addition 2003 2016 2020 2021 87 m² m (m² Lakes m². . continent 200 201 202 8 (m 20 2

Abstract This study aims to investigate the glacier shrinkage and recent proglacial environment in King George Bay, Antarctica, since 1988 in response to climate change. Remote sensing data (SPOT, Sentinel, Landsat and Planet Scope images) were applied to glacial landforms and ice-marginal fluctuations mapping. Annual mean near-surface air temperature reanalysis solutions from ERA-Interim were analyzed. Moraines and glaciofluvial landforms were identified. The Ana Northern Glacier has the highest retreat value (3.64 km) (and area loss of 31%) in response to higher depth in frontal ice-margin and reveal ocean-glacier linkages. The Ana South Glacier changed from a tidewater glacier to land-terminating after 1995, and had an outline minimum elevation variation of 89 meters, a shrinkage of 0.63 km, and a new proglacial subaerial sector. The Ana South Glacier foreland had recessional moraines (probably formed between 1995 and 2022), lagoons, and lakes. There are many flutings in low-relief environments. The 1980-1989, 1990-1999, 2000-2009, 2010-2019 anomaly plots concerning to the 1980-2019 average for atmospheric temperature, are shown to be a driver of the local glacial trends. Bay Antarctica 198 change SPOT, SPOT (SPOT Sentinel images icemarginal ice marginal mapping nearsurface near surface ERAInterim ERA Interim analyzed identified 3.64 364 3 64 (3.6 km 31% 31 icemargin margin oceanglacier ocean linkages landterminating land terminating 8 meters 063 0 63 0.6 sector probably 199 2022, 2022 , 2022) lagoons lakes lowrelief low relief environments 19801989, 19801989 1980 1989, 1989 1980-1989 19901999, 19901999 1990 1999, 1999 1990-1999 20002009, 20002009 2000 2009, 2009 2000-2009 20102019 2010 2019 2010-201 19802019 1980-201 trends 19 3.6 36 6 (3. 06 0. 202 1980198 1980-198 1990199 1990-199 2000200 200 2000-200 2010201 201 2010-20 1980201 1980-20 1 3. (3 20 198019 1980-19 199019 1990-19 200020 2000-20 201020 2010-2 198020 1980-2 ( 2 19801 1980-1 19901 1990-1 20002 2000-2 20102 2010- 19802 1980- 1990- 2000-

Abstract This work consists of the sedimentological, mineralogical, and geochemical characterization of eight marine sediment cores collected in the Central Bransfield Basin, along a transect between the South Shetland Islands to the Antarctic Peninsula and its correlation to the sedimentary and oceanographic processes of the area. A chemical characterization based on X-ray fluorescence dispersive spectrometry was implemented to obtain geochemical data of the marine sediment while the minerals were identified by X-ray diffraction. The study allowed to classify the cores into three groups according to their sediment source and chemical and mineralogical characteristics. The joint assessment of the geochemical and mineralogical signature of the sediment has confirmed that the elemental ratios Ti/Ca and Fe/Ca can be applied as proxies in the reconstitution of the terrigenous contribution to the Central Bransfield Basin if we consider the sedimentary contribution of the volcanic edifices present in the region. The Fe/K ratio associated with the Chemical Index of Alteration reinforced an increase in the degree of weathering near South Shetland Island, which is also pointed out by other authors in studies on climate change mainly in the subantarctic islands. The trend of temperature increase implies the importance of monitoring the region. sedimentological area Xray X ray diffraction characteristics TiCa Ti Ca FeCa Fe region FeK K Island islands

Abstract This study investigates the transient snowline (TSL) altitude for summer 2020, as well as glacial area loss in King George Island Icefields since 1988 using Sentinel-1 and 2 and Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) imagery. Trends and anomalies in atmospheric temperature, U-wind, and V-wind were examined using ERA5 solutions. Results show the wet-snow zone corresponds to values of ≤ -13dB, and 44.3% of the glacial area is located above the TSL (≥ 300 m). Glacial area for 2020 is 999.95 km², and losses in the period represent 104.9 km² (error <1%) – a retreat of 3.17 km² / year. Glaciers in Keller Peninsula and Bellingshausen Dome lost the most area (28% and 17%, respectively) and did not have a TSL in 2020; followed by Warszawa (15%), Kraków (13%), and Eastern (10%), where the TSL was verified. Percentage area loss values increased with decreases in dimensions, area above TSL, and maximum elevation. Calving glaciers with ice-flow toward deeper and steeper submarine sectors (Bransfield Strait) exhibited greater glacier variations. The trend in warming atmospheric temperature was greater in the Bransfield Strait than in the Drake Passage. TSL and retreat difference between glaciers were influenced by climatic and ocean input, as well as multiple environmental factors. (TSL 198 Sentinel1 Sentinel 1 Sentinel- TM (TM imagery Uwind, Uwind U wind, wind U-wind Vwind V ERA solutions wetsnow wet snow 13dB, 13dB dB -13dB 443 44 3 44.3 ≥ ( 30 m. m . m) 202 99995 999 95 999.9 km 1049 104 9 104. error <1% 317 17 3.1 year 28% 28 (28 17% respectively 15%, 15 15% , (15%) 13%, 13 13% (13%) 10%, 10 10% (10%) verified dimensions elevation iceflow ice flow variations Passage input factors 19 4 44. 20 9999 99 999. <1 31 3. (2 (15% (13% (10% < (15 (13 (10 (1

Resumen Con el retroceso de los glaciares en la Antártica marítima y los escenarios de cambio climático, es necesario comprender los procesos geomorfológicos que actúan en estas áreas recientemente expuestas. El propósito del artículo es presentar el Método geomorphon aplicado a la Antártica (Método Geomorphon aplicado a Antártica-MGA), para el mapeo de las formas de relieve en las áreas libres de hielo de la Isla Rey Jorge. La evaluación de la clasificación se realizó con base en la interpretación de MDE y algunos trabajos de campo realizados en los anos 2015 y 2016. Los elementos del relieve identificados por el MGA se relacionaron con las formas erosivas y depositacionales de génesis glacial, por una parte, de macro escala como valles, crestas, picos y, por otra, de mesoescala, como canales fluvio glaciales, morrenas de avance y de retroceso, así como los de génesis paraglacial y litoral. Se identificaron morrenas frontales que avanzan en todas las áreas, a excepción del sistema paraglacial del glaciar Ecology que, junto con los valles en U mapeados, indican la antigua dirección del flujo de los glaciares y los lugares donde había mayor espesor de hielo. La identificación de estas formas es una contribución para los estudios que evalúan la sucesión de cambios en el paisaje, relacionados con el retroceso reciente de los sistemas glaciares, lo que demuestra el potencial de MGA. Ideas destacadas: Artículo de investigación sobre el mapeo automático de los accidentes geográficos de origen glacial, marino y paraglacial, utilizando el método innovador llamado Método geomorphon aplicado a la Antártica en las áreas libres de hielo de la Isla Rey Jorge, Islas Shetlands del Sur.

Resumo Com a retração de geleiras na Antártica marítima, e os cenários de mudanças climáticas, faz-se necessário compreender os processos geomorfológicos atuantes nessas áreas recentemente expostas. O artigo apresenta o Método de Geomorphon aplicado à Antártica (Geomorphon Method aplicado à Antártica - em diante ОМА) voltado ao mapeamento de formas de relevo nas áreas livres de gelo da Ilha Rei George. A avaliação da classificação foi realizada com base na interpretação dos MDE e nos trabalhos de campo realizados em 2015 e 20i6. Os elementos de relevo identificados pelo GMA foram relacionados com as formas erosivas e deposicionais por um lado de macro escala de gênese glacial, como vales, aretês, horns, e por outro lado de meso escala como canais glaciofluviais, morainas de avanço e de recessão, e ainda as de gênese paraglacial e marinha. Morainas de avanço frontais foram identificadas em todas as áreas, com exceção do sistema paraglacial da geleira Ecology, e juntamente com os vales em u mapeados, indicam a antiga direção de fluxo das geleiras, e locais onde havia maior espessura de gelo. A identificação dessas formas contribui para estudos que avaliam a sucessão de mudanças na paisagem com a recente retração dos sistemas glaciais, comprovando a potencialidade do GMA. Ideias destacadas: Artigo de pesquisa sobre o mapeamento automático de formas de relevo de origem glacial, marinha e paraglacial, a partir do método inovador chamado Geomorphon Method aplicado à Antártica para as áreas livres de gelo da Ilha Rei George, Ilhas Shetlands do Sul.

Abstract With the retraction of glaciers in maritime Antártica, and the climate change scenarios, it is necessary to understand the geomorphological processes at work in these recently exposed areas. The purpose of the article is to present the Geomorphon Method for Antártica (Geomorphon Method Revised to Antártica-GMA) applied to the mapping of landforms in the ice-free areas of King George Island. The classification evaluation was carried out based on the interpretation of the MDE and on the field work carried out in 2015 and 2016. The relief elements identified by the GMA were related to the erosive and depositional forms of the glacial genesis macro scale, as valleys, aretes, horns and meso-scale, such as glaciofluvial channels, moraines of advance and recession, and even those of paraglacial and marine genesis. Frontal advancing moraines were identified in all areas, except for the Ecology glacier paraglacial system, and together with the mapped U-valleys, they indicate the old direction of flow of the glaciers, and places where there was greater thickness of ice. The identification of these forms contributes to studies that evaluate the succession of changes in the landscape with the recent retraction of glacial systems, proving the potential of GMA. Main ideas: Research article on the automatic mapping of landforms of glacial, marine and paraglacial origin, using the innovative method called Geomorphon Method Applied to Antártica, in the ice-free areas of the King George Island, South Shetlands Islands.

Abstract This research aims to investigate sediment cores from a glaciomarine environment based on their petrophysical parameters to elucidate lithological and sedimentary issues, as well as to identify a geophysical signature based on their parameter’s response. To achieve this objective, six marine sediment cores were collected in the Central Bransfield Basin - Antarctica, the lengths ranging from 1.5 to 5.2 meters in water depths ranging from 304 to 1463 meters. The cores were submitted to different analyses and values from density, magnetic susceptibility, electrical resistivity, p-wave velocity, total gamma radiation, silt, clay and sand contents, and mean grain size for each core location were considered. Four large lithologies were identified according to their geological and geophysical characteristics. The first group is subglacial deformation till (GC16); the second is massive diamicton (GC13 and GC12), the third group is composed of diamictons from the basin (AM10) and lower slope (GC09); the fourth lithological group is composed of siliceous mud from an upper slope location (GC06A). The characteristics recorded across Central Bransfield Basin (from South Shetlands Islands to Antarctic Peninsula) highlighted the relationship between the lithological content and associated depositional processes with the geophysical proprieties as density and magnetic susceptibility.

Abstract Monitoring and inventorying proglacial lakes in the Maritime Antarctica region is essential for understanding the effects of climate change on these environments. This study uses Landsat images to create a map of lakes in ice-free areas of the South Shetlands Islands (SSI) for 1986/89, 2000/03 and 2020, and verification of patterns of change in lake areas and numbers. Normalized water difference index (NDWI) products, image segmentation, field records, and cartographic products from other studies were used to validate the results. Results show a 60% increase in the number of lakes from 1986/89 to 2000/03; and a 55% increase from 2000/03 to 2020. There was a 52% increase in lake areas from 1986/89 to 2000/03; a 79% increase from 2000/03 to 2020; and a 173% increase from 1986 to 2020. From 1986 to 2020, the most significant changes were a decrease in the average elevation and distance from glaciers and an increase in distance from the sea. In 2020, SSI lakes were predominantly coastal and ice-marginal, with an E and S orientations, flat surfaces, and a low declivity.

Abstract This study investigated the terrestrial and submarine geomorphology and glacial landform records in the Martel inlet (King George Island) using a multi-resolution topobathymetric data based on seismic, multibeam surveys and terrestrial satellite datasets (REMA DEM). Geomorphometric analysis provided glacial landforms and sedimentary processes interpretation. The submarine sector has a mean depth of 143 m, a maximum depth of 398 m, and most of it has a low slope (0°–16°). Steep slopes (>30°) are found along the mid-outer sectors transition area. The continental shelf was divided into inner fjord (49 m depth), middle fjord (119 m), and outer fjord (259 m), based on depth, elevation and slope. The topobathymetric digital model provides evidence of geomorphological contrasts between these zones in the fjord’s seafloor and subaerial environments. A prominent morainal bank in the transition between the inner and middle parts marks the limit of a past stationary stage of the Dobrowolski-Goetel ice margin. Streamlined glacial lineations demonstrate an NE-SW past ice flow direction and a wet-based thermal regime. The combined analysis of submarine and subaerial landforms enable the understanding of the former glacier configuration and its deglaciation history.

Abstract This work aims to analyze and compare the sedimentological data of Ellsworth Mountains, West Antarctica: Patriot/Independence Hills and Union Glacier, and how sedimentological data can be used to infer sediment entrainment. Particular attention was concentrated on morainic deposits. Remote sensing data was used in the identification of deposits and the ice flow; granulometric, morphoscopic, and geochemical analyses were applied to investigate the sedimentary origin and transport history. Sediment rich in Si Al, Fe, and Ca predominate in Independence Hills and Rossman Cove but Ca prevails in Elephant Head. CIA indicated low values, which depict low chemical weathering processes. X-ray diffraction reveals the presence of minerals that constitute the local rocks in the Union Glacier area, and from the unexposed basement rocks in Independence Hills. Principal Component Analysis and Cluster Analysis results suggest the sediment is related to the local rocks in the Union Glacier and distinct exotic sources in Independence Hills, associated with far-traveled sediment. It is also observed the influence of distinct processes of entrainment sediment on its granulometric and morphoscopic characteristics.

Resumo Ora-pro-nobis (OPN) (Pereskia aculeata Miller) é uma planta alimentícia não convencional rica em proteínas, fibras e minerais. A inovação deste trabalho é baseada na produção sustentável de um extrato aquoso contendo ferro e compostos bioativos utilizando uma planta nativa brasileira. Uma triagem dos componentes fitoquímicos e a determinação dos compostos fenólicos, flavonoides e taninos foram realizadas usando extrato de OPN. A atividade antioxidante do extrato aquoso de OPN foi investigada empregando-se três diferentes métodos: DPPH•, FRAP e ORAC. Folhas secas de OPN apresentaram elevados conteúdos de proteínas e minerais. A análise de FTIR realizada no extrato aquoso de OPN confirmou a presença de grupos funcionais representativos de compostos bioativos. Os resultados sugerem que é possível usar um solvente aquoso simples para produzir um extrato de OPN rico em ferro, compostos bioativos e com atividade antioxidante, o qual poderia ser potencialmente utilizado como ingrediente alimentar funcional.

Abstract Ora-pro-nobis (OPN) (Pereskia aculeata Miller) is a non-conventional edible plant rich in protein, fibres and minerals. The innovation of this work is based on the sustainability production of the aqueous extract (green solvent) containing iron and bioactive compounds as well as employing a native plant from Brazil. A screening of phytochemicals components, phenolic compounds, flavonoids and tannins contents were performed using OPN extract. The antioxidant activity of the OPN aqueous extract was determined by three different assays as following: 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH•); Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP); and Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity (ORAC). The OPN dried leaves presented high protein and minerals contents. Indeed, the Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR Spectroscopy) analysis performed in OPN aqueous extract confirmed the appearance of representative functional groups of the bioactive compounds. Overall the results suggested that it is possible to use simple aqueous solvent to produce OPN extract rich in iron, bioactive compounds and within antioxidant activity that could be potentially used as functional food ingredient.

RESUMO O vidro soda-cal-sílica é um material com alto potencial de reciclagem. No entanto, o seu beneficiamento gera micropartículas que ficam suspensas na água utilizada para resfriamento das ferramentas. Esse resíduo é inerte e, comumente, não reaproveitado. Para seu descarte é feita a decantação das micropartículas de vidro utilizando floculantes, sendo a lama produzida depositada em aterros sanitários. De acordo com a literatura, essas micropartículas de vidro poderiam atuar como material cimentício suplementar na produção de cimento Portland. Contudo, as informações sobre o desempenho térmico desses materiais são escassas. Neste estudo investiga-se a difusividade térmica de argamassas para fins estruturais confeccionadas com cimento Portland e lama de vidro soda-cal-sílica com características pozolânicas. Foram produzidas argamassas com e sem substituição do cimento por 10 e 20% de lama in natura e lama lavada para retirada do floculante. As argamassas foram caracterizadas quanto à resistência mecânica e difusividade térmica. Também, foram determinadas a massa específica, a condutividade térmica e o perfil de aquecimento das amostras, parâmetros necessários para avaliar a difusividade térmica. Os resultados indicam que a lama de vidro, com e sem floculante, poderia ser utilizada em substituição ao cimento sem comprometer a resistência mecânica devido às suas características pozolânicas. Nas argamassas com 10% de lama sem floculante se observa um aumento de aproximadamente 8% na resistência. Contudo, em todas as amostras com lama de vidro, lavada ou não, observa-se uma diminuição de 3 a 4% na massa específica e de 17 a 18% na condutividade térmica, indicando que a reação pozolânica não ocorreu em toda a sua extensão. A difusividade, determinada com auxílio da termografia infravermelha, apresenta resultados compatíveis com a literatura e indica que o uso do resíduo não influencia significativamente a inércia térmica das argamassas. Dessa forma, a lama de vidro em substituição a 10% e 20% de cimento Portland poderia ser utilizada em argamassas estruturais sem comprometer o desempenho térmico do sistema, além de contribuir com o meio ambiente ao dar destino adequado ao resíduo e reduzir a retirada de matérias primas para a produção de cimento.

ABSTRACT Soda-lime-silica glass is a material with high recycling potential. However, its processing generates microparticles that are suspended in the water used for cooling the tools. This residue is inert and generally not reused. For disposal, the microparticles of glass are decanted using flocculants and the mud produced is deposited in landfills. According to the literature, these glass microparticles could act as supplementary cementitious material in Portland cement production. However, information on the thermal performance of these materials is scarce. This study investigates the thermal diffusivity of mortars for structural purposes made with Portland cement and pozzolanic soda-lime-silica glass mud. The mortars were produced with and without cement replacement for 10 and 20% natural mud and washed mud to remove the flocculant. The mortars were characterized for compressive strength and thermal diffusivity. The specific mass, the thermal conductivity and the heating profile of the mortars were also determined, requirements to evaluate the thermal diffusivity. The results indicate that glass mud with and without flocculant could be used in place of cement without compromising compressive strength due to its pozzolanic characteristics. In mortars with 10% mud without flocculant an increase of approximately 8% in compressive strength is observed. However, in all samples with glass mud, washed or not, there is a decrease of 3 to 4% in the specific mass and 17 to 18% in the thermal conductivity, indicating that the pozzolanic reaction did not occur to its full extent. Diffusivity, determined with the aid of infrared thermography, presents results compatible with the literature and indicates that the use of the residue does not significantly influence the thermal inertia of the mortars. Thus, glass mud in place of 10% and 20% Portland cement could be used in structural mortars without compromising the thermal performance of the system, in addition to contributing to the environment by providing adequate destination to the waste and reducing the withdrawal of raw materials for cement production.

Abstract The analysis of glacial and ice-marginal systems may contribute to understanding the impact of climatic change. The aim of this study is to investigate changes in the glacial, proglacial and paraglacial system in response to the Collins glacier retreat, between the Little Ice Age (LIA) and 2070. Glacial geomorphological mapping reveals landforms that are diagnostic of a terrestrial-terminating glacier in the past. Glacial and the proglacial systems were mapped to evaluate the ice-marginal evolution. The field measurement, satellite imagery, granulometric and morphoscopic sedimentary analysis, and geomorphological data are analyzed. The Collins glacier surface topography has been surveyed by DGNSS during 11 years (1997/98-2008/09) and for glacier area estimation in 2030, 2050 and 2070 CE. The Collins glacier lost 1.4 km² in the period LIA-2018. Under an atmospheric warming scenario, using the temperature melt index model the glacier will lose approximately 5% of its total area until 2030 (0.90 km²), 21% (3.60 km²) by 2050, and 35% (5.90 km²) by 2070 CE. Four sectors in the proglacial zone are identified: Sector 1 displays changes on the front of the glacier since the LIA, a push moraine in only one sector, presence of flutings and moraines of recession. Sector 2 showed shrinkage around 100 meters in the period LIA-2018, presenting recessional and push moraines of about 10 meters of height. Sector 3 showed 350 meters of the shrinkage since the LIA, and recessional moraines, and absence of the push moraines. Sector 4, showed 1500 meters of the shrinkage since the LIA, a push moraine of about 12 meters high. This behavior that occurs since the LIA allows validating the future scenario model. The ice-free areas could expand 1,4 km² by the end of 2070 decade if considered since LIA. However, it should be noted that if the glacier continues to retreat, the system will be subject to hydrological and sedimentary readjustments at various stages in the future.

Resumen El análisis de los sistemas glaciales y marginales al hielo puede contribuir para la comprensión del impacto de los cambios climáticos. De esta forma, el objetivo de este estudio es investigar los cambios en el sistema glacial, proglacial y periglacial en respuesta al retroceso del glaciar Collins, entre la Pequeña Edad del Hielo (PEH) y 2070. La Península Fildes, parte sur de la isla Rey Jorge (latitud entre 62° 08' y 62° 14' S y longitud entre 59°02' e 58°51' O), es una de las primeras áreas a quedarse libre del hielo en el archipiélago de las Shetland del Sur después del Último Máximo Glacial. La elección por esta área de estudio en la isla Rey Jorge se justifica por la facilidad de se accender a ella para la realización de trabajos de campo y también porque hay investigaciones previas sobre ella que indican la retracción de los glaciales. Para evaluar la evolución marginal del hielo se mapearon los sistemas glacial y proglacial. Se interpretaron y se delimitaron las etapas de retracción desde la PEH por la posición de las morrenas de recesión y por la cronología establecida por imágenes de satélite. Se utilizaron imágenes Landsat de los sensores TM, ETM+ y OLI referentes a las fechas 03/01/1986, 27/02/1988, 28/01/1989, 19/01/2003, 17/03/2015 y 29/04/2018 para establecer los valores de retracción del glaciar Collins. Para elaborar el mapeo geomorfológico actual se analizaron datos de trabajos de campo realizados en 2013, 2014 y 2015; imágenes de satélite Quickbird de febrero de 2008; análisis granulométricos y morfoscópicos de sedimientos recolectados en los principales accidentes geográficos del area proglacial del glaciar Collins y datos del Modelo de Elevación Digital TanDEM-X. La topografia de la superfície del glaciar Collins fue obtenida por DGNSS a lo largo de 11 años (1997/98-2008/09) y se utilizaron los datos para calculcular el área y el espesor aproximados del glaciar en 2030, 2050 y 2070. Acerca de los resultados, se destaca que el glaciar Collins perdió 1,4km2 en el período PEH. En un escenario de calentamiento atmosférico, utilizando el modelo de índice de derretimiento, el glaciar perderá aproximadamente el 5% de su área total hasta 2030 (0,90 km²), el 21% (3,60 km²) hasta 2050 y el 35% (5, 90 km²) hasta 2070. Se identificaron cuatro sectores en la zona proglacial: el sector 1 presentó cambios enfrente del glaciar desde la PEH, presencia de flutings y morrenas de recesión. El sector 2 presentró una retracción alrededor de 100 metros en el período PEH-2018, con el depósito de morrenas de recesión de cerca de 2 m de altura y de morrenas de empuje de unos 10 metros de altura. El sector 3 presentó 350 metros de retracción desde el PEH, formación de morrenas de recesión y ausencia de morrenas de empuje. El sector 4 presentó 1.500 metros de retracción desde el PEH, formando una morrena de empuje de cerca de 12 metros de altura. Este comportamiento, que ocurre desde la PEH, permite validar el modelo de escenario futuro. Las áreas libres de hielo pueden expandirse 1,4 km² en el período PEH-2070. Considerando el proceso hidrológico y sedimentológico, las áreas más dinámicas serán los sectores 1 y 2, debido al retroceso más rápido del glaciar. Cabe destacar que la zona recientemente libre de hielo del glaciar Collins también estará sujeta a procesos periglaciales que podrán ser analizados solamente mediante una evaluación sistémica, considerando interacciones y cambios en los sistemas hidrológico, sedimentario y biológico. Sin embargo, se estima que los procesos periglaciales probablemente predominarán a lo largo de la primera etapa posterior al retroceso del glaciar Collins, presentando un área inestable, con una alta concentración de sedimentos que forman accidentes geográficos como morrenas, eskers, flutings y canales entrelazados capaces de transportar material para la actual zona proglacial. El área proglacial actual probablemente cambiará debido a la reducción del suministro de agua de deshielo y a una mayor distancia de los glaciales. Cabe señalar que el modelo del índice de derretimiento no considera las variaciones en la temperatura del aire, lo que obviamente puede generar diferencias en los escenarios propuestos. Sin embargo, se destaca que los resultados encontrados en esta investigación son consistentes con los valores de retracción de volumen y de área de los glaciares de la isla Rey Jorge y de la Península Antártica encontrados en otros artículos. Se destaca, también, que los resultados encontrados en esta investigación están de acuerdo con los valores de retracción de volumen y de área de los glaciares de la Isla Rey Jorge y de la Península Antártica encontrados en otros artículos.

RESUMO: O pinhão trata-se de uma semente sem glúten, produzida pelo pinheiro da espécie Araucaria angustifolia. Neste estudo, foram desenvolvidas misturas de bolo sem glúten, compostas por farinha de pinhão e farinha de arroz. As misturas de bolo foram produzidas conforme o modelo experimental Simplex Centroid, que definiu as proporções entre a farinha de arroz e a farinha de pinhão na variação de 50 a 100% e 0 a 50%, respectivamente. As misturas foram analisadas quanto à composição química, viscosidade aparente da pasta e distribuição de tamanho de partícula. Os bolos resultantes foram submetidos às análises de aceitação sensorial, textura volume específico e composição química. A farinha de pinhão demostrou ocorrência do pico de viscosidade ao aquecimento no valor de 1,761Pa.s contra 4,747Pa.s da amostra composta por 100% de farinha de arroz. A variação da firmeza dos bolos diminuiu com o aumento da porcentagem de farinha de pinhão. Em termos sensoriais, os bolos contendo entre 25 a 37,5% de farinha de pinhão apresentaram maior aceitação geral.

ABSTRACT: Brazilian pine seeds (pinhão) are gluten-free seeds produced by the native pine species named Araucaria angustifolia. In this study, gluten-free cake mixes composed of Brazilian pine seed flour and rice flour were developed. The cake mixes were produced following a Simplex Centroid experimental design, with rice flour and Brazilian pine seed flour contents ranging from 50 to 100% and from 0 to 50%, respectively. Mixes were analyzed for chemical composition, apparent paste viscosity, and particle size distribution. The resulting cakes were analyzed for sensory acceptance, texture, specific volume and chemical composition. The Brazilian pine seed flour showed a peak viscosity on heating of 1.761Pa.s against 4.747Pa.s for the 100% rice flour sample. The variation of firmness of cakes decreased with increasing percentage of Brazilian pine seed flour. Cakes containing Brazilian pine seed flour at 25-37.5% of the formulation presented highest overall acceptance.

RESUMO CONTEXTO: O adalimumabe é um anticorpo monoclonal, inibidor do TNF alfa, que tem eficácia comprovada na indução e manutenção da remissão na retocolite ulcerativa inespecífica moderada à severa. Há escassez de dados sobre o uso do adalimumabe na retocolite ulcerativa inespecífica em pacientes latino-americanos. OBJETIVO: Analisar as taxas de remissão clínica na indução e manutenção do tratamento da retocolite ulcerativa inespecífica com adalimumabe. MÉTODOS: Estudo observacional, multicêntrico e retrospectivo de uma série de casos de portadores de retocolite ulcerativa inespecífica moderada à grave que utilizaram adalimumabe. Variáveis analisadas: dados demográficos, uso prévio de infliximabe, medicações concomitantes, Classificação de Montreal, atividade da doença (escore parcial de Mayo) nas semanas 0, 8, 26 e 52, ou até o maior tempo de seguimento atingido. Remissão clínica foi definida como escore parcial de Mayo ≤2 e foi avaliada pelos métodos. Abordagem com base na observação mais recente (LOCF) e Imputação de não respondedores (NRI). RESULTADOS: Trinta e seis pacientes foram incluídos no estudo. Pela análise LOCF, as taxas de remissão nas semanas 8, 26 e 52 foram de 41,7%, 47,2% e 47,2%, respectivamente. Pela análise NRI, as taxas nas semanas 8, 26 e 52 foram de 41,7%, 41,7% e 27,8%, respectivamente. CONCLUSÃO: Adalimumabe foi eficaz no manejo da retocolite ulcerativa inespecífica moderada a grave. A remissão clínica foi observada em cerca de 40% dos pacientes nas semanas 8 e 26, e em cerca de 1/4 dos pacientes após 1 ano de seguimento.

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Adalimumab is a monoclonal antibody, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα) inhibitor that has efficacy for inducing and maintaining remission in moderate-to-severe ulcerative colitis. Real world studies with adalimumab in Latin American ulcerative colitis patients are scarce. OBJECTIVE: To assess the clinical remission rates in induction and maintenance with adalimumab therapy in ulcerative colitis. METHODS: Observational, multicenter and retrospective study on a case series of patients with moderate-to-severe ulcerative colitis under adalimumab therapy. The variables analyzed were: demographic data, previous infliximab status, concomitant drugs, the Montreal Classification, disease activity (Mayo score) at weeks 0, 8, 26 and 52, or until the last follow-up. Clinical remission was defined as a partial Mayo score ≤2 and Last observation carried forward (LOCF) and Non responder imputation (NRI) analysis were used. RESULTS: Thirty-six patients were included in the study. With LOCF analysis, remission rates at weeks 8, 26 e 52 were of 41.7%, 47.2% and 47.2%, respectively. With NRI analysis, remission rates at weeks 8, 26 and 52 were of 41.7%, 41.7% and 27.8%, respectively. CONCLUSION: Adalimumab was effective in the treatment of moderate-to-severe ulcerative colitis. Clinical remission was observed in approximately 40% of the patients at weeks 8 and 26, and in almost a quarter of the patients after 1 year of follow up.

Objective to estimate the prevalence and to identify possible factors associated with the occurrence of lymphedema in women undergoing treatment for breast cancer. Methods a prevalence study with 125 women. An interview and a consultation of the medical record were carried out using a questionnaire. Univariate and multivariate analysis were performed through logistic regression. Results a prevalence rate of 34.4% was found. Obesity, sentinel lymph node biopsy, radiotherapy, and the presence of some treatment complications were statistically significant for the occurrence of lymphedema. Conclusion the prevalence of lymphedema in this study was high. The variables positively related to lymphedema, considered as associated factors, were: obesity, sentinel lymph node biopsy, radiotherapy and some treatment related complications (adhesion, retraction, paraesthesia, seroma, fibrosis, infection and dehiscence).

Objetivo estimar a prevalência e identificar possíveis fatores associados à ocorrência do linfedema em mulheres submetidas a tratamento para câncer de mama. Métodos estudo de prevalência, com 125 mulheres. Foi realizada entrevista e consulta ao prontuário utilizando-se de questionário. Realizou-se análise univariada e multivariada por meio da regressão logística. Resultados encontrou-se uma taxa de prevalência de 34,4%. A obesidade, a biópsia de linfonodo sentinela, a radioterapia e a presença de alguma complicação do tratamento mostraram-se estatisticamente significativos para a ocorrência do linfedema. Conclusão a prevalência de linfedema neste estudo foi alta. As variáveis positivamente relacionadas ao linfedema, consideradas como fatores associados, foram: obesidade, biópsia de linfonodo sentinela, radioterapia e ter alguma complicação relacionada ao tratamento (aderência, retração, parestesia, seroma, fibrose, infecção e deiscência).