Abstract Introduction: In cholelithiasis, lipid and histopathological alterations have been found and suggest the accumulation of lipids in the gallbladder tissue (cholesterolosis), due to the few existing reports a study was carried out to determine their association. Objectives: The aim of the study was to evaluate the association between the lipid profile and gallbladder histopathology in patients with cholelithiasis undergoing cholecystectomy. Methodology: An observational, cross-sectional, analytical, and prospective study was carried out in a group of patients from the Hospital General de México “Eduardo Liceaga” undergoing elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy from January 2015 to January 2020. With approval of the protocol by the ethics and research committee, the following variables were considered: age, sex, BMI, comorbidities (diabetes, dyslipidemia, hypertension, cirrhosis), LDL-C, HDL-C, total cholesterol, triglycerides, and histopathological findings (cholesterolosis, polyps, xanthogranulomatosis, acute cholecystitis, and cholecystitis chronicle). A descriptive and inferential analysis was performed with SPSS v.24. It was considered p < 0.05 as significant. Results: From a group of 302 patients, 133 cases (108 women and 25 men) were included in the study. They presented overweight (39%) and obesity (33%), the lipid profile with hypoalphalipoproteinemia (61%), hypertriglyceridemia (40%), hypercholesterolemia (17%), and elevated LDL-C (16%); and in histopathology chronic cholecystitis (70%), cholesterolosis (28%), and acute cholecystitis (7%). Discussion: Our sample is representative of the Mexican population (in physical characteristics and lipid profile). However, no significant association was found between dyslipidemia and histopathological findings.

Obesity is currently considered one of the most important diseases worldwide due to its high morbidity and mortality rates. The mechanisms involved in the control of satiation, body weight and energy expenditure has led to the discovery of new hormones that participate in the gastric-hypothalamic axis in charge of regulating satiation and other obesity-related processes. Ghrelin a novel hormone secreted mainly by gastric tissue, has shed some light on this mechanism. It is a hormone that regulates satiation and body weight by centrally mediated mechanisms, involving neuropeptide Y and Agouti associated proteins. The present review focuses on some important physiological aspects of this hormone.

La obesidad se considera una de las enfermedades más importantes en la medida que acarrea gran morbilidad y mortalidad. El conocimiento de los mecanismos que intervienen en la saciedad, el peso corporal y el gasto de energía ha permitido el descubrimiento de hormonas relacionadas con el eje gastrohipotalámico, encargado de regular la saciedad y otros procesos que participan en la obesidad. La ghrelina, una hormona de secreción predominantemente gástrica, dio luz para comprender estos mecanismos, pues se trata de una hormona que regula la saciedad y el peso corporal por medio de mecanismos centrales mediados por el neuropéptido Y y la proteína relacionada con el agutí. En este artículo se revisan los aspectos fundamentales de esta hormona y de sus efectos en diversos órganos y sistemas.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the prevalence of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) and B virus (HBV) in blood donors attending Medica Sur Hospital. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 9 099 blood donors were tested for hepatitis B and C viruses from 1994 to 1998. A questionnaire was used to collect data and HCV and HBV were detected in serum. We obtained percentages and assessed statistical significance using the chi² test. RESULTS: The prevalence of HCV and HBV carriers was 0.47 and 0.11 per cent. The main risk factors were dental procedures (11.6% for HCV and 20%, for HBV), and unsafe sexual practices (20%) for HBV. CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate a low prevalence of HCV and HBV infection in this population.

OBJETIVO: Determinar la prevalencia del virus de la hepatitis C (VHC) y de la B (VHB) en donadores que acudieron al Banco de Sangre del hospital Médica Sur. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Se incluyeron en el estudio 9 099 donadores, registrados entre 1994 y 1998. Se les aplicó un cuestionario y se determinó VHC y VHB. Se obtuvieron porcentajes y se analizaron los resultados por medio de la prueba ji². RESULTADOS: La prevalencia de portadores de VHC y VHB fue de 0.47 y 0.11%, respectivamente. Los factores de riesgo más importantes para VHC y VHB fueron los procedimientos dentales (11.6%) y (20%); respectivamente; y 20% por prácticas sexuales riesgosas como factor de riesgo para VHB. CONCLUSIONES: Los resultados sugieren una baja prevalencia de la infección por VHC y VHB en la población estudiada.