Resumo A coleção de contos Las voladoras, publicada em 2020 pela escritora equatoriana Mónica Ojeda, é composta por oito histórias moldadas por uma mistura imaginativa do estranho, da violência e do feminino. Dentro desse contexto narrativo, o objetivo é abordar a montagem dos corpos das mulheres como construções heterogêneas em relação à violência que devem enfrentar, configurando assim subjetividades pós-humanas. Propomos que, nessas histórias, existam relações entre humanos e não humanos que podem estar associadas ao que Donna Haraway chama de "parentesco queer". Essas relações revelam maneiras de articular as identidades das mulheres com uma dimensão explicitamente coletiva e pós-humana, onde o conceito de "tornar-se-com" de Haraway se torna fundamental: "Ser um é sempre tornar-se-com muitos". A razão pela qual essas histórias adotam essa postura é porque as relações estritamente humanas, particularmente aquelas dos homens em relação às mulheres, são altamente hostis, marcadas por um excesso de poder e, portanto, de violência. Isso motiva a necessidade de as mulheres gerarem conexões complexas, intergeracionais e vitais entre si e com outras entidades vivas, onde o excepcionalismo humano pode ser anulado, contestado e/ou transformado. voladoras 202 Ojeda estranho feminino narrativo enfrentar póshumanas. póshumanas pós humanas. humanas pós-humanas parentesco queer. queer . queer" póshumana, póshumana humana, humana pós-humana tornarsecom tornar "tornar-se-com fundamental Ser muitos. muitos muitos" hostis portanto complexas vivas anulado eou ou transformado 20 2

Abstract The short story collection Las voladoras, published in 2020 by Ecuadorian writer Mónica Ojeda, consists of eight stories that are shaped by an imaginative blend of the uncanny, violence, and the feminine. Within this narrative context, the aim is to address the assembly of women's bodies as heterogeneous constructs in relation to the violence they must confront, thus configuring posthuman subjectivities. We propose that in these stories, there are relationships between humans and non-humans that could be associated with what Donna Haraway terms "queer kinship." These relationships reveal ways of articulating women's identities with an explicitly collective and posthuman dimension, where Haraway's concept of "becoming-with" becomes paramount: "To be one is always to become with many". The reason these stories adopt this stance is because strictly human relationships, particularly those of men toward women, are highly hostile, marked by an excess of power and, therefore, violence. This motivates the need for women to generate complex, intergenerational, and vital connections among themselves and with other living entities, where such human exceptionalism can be nullified, contested, and/or transformed. voladoras 202 Ojeda uncanny feminine context womens s confront subjectivities nonhumans non queer kinship. kinship dimension Haraways becomingwith becoming "becoming-with paramount To many. many . many" hostile therefore complex intergenerational entities nullified contested andor or transformed 20 2

Resumen La colección de cuentos Las voladoras, publicada en 2020 por la escritora ecuatoriana Mónica Ojeda, consta de ocho relatos que están moldeados por una imaginativa mezcla de lo extraño, la violencia y lo femenino. Dentro de este contexto narrativo, el objetivo es abordar la construcción de los cuerpos de las mujeres como estructuras heterogéneas en relación con la violencia que deben enfrentar, configurando así subjetividades posthumanas. Proponemos que en estas historias existen relaciones entre humanos y no humanos que podrían estar asociadas con lo que Donna Haraway denomina "parentesco queer". Estas relaciones revelan formas de articular las identidades de las mujeres con una dimensión explícitamente colectiva y posthumana, donde el concepto de "convertirse-con" de Haraway se vuelve primordial: "Ser uno siempre es convertirse-con muchos". La razón por la que estas historias adoptan esta postura es porque las relaciones estrictamente humanas, especialmente las de los hombres hacia las mujeres, son altamente hostiles, marcadas por un exceso de poder y, por lo tanto, violencia. Esto motiva la necesidad de que las mujeres generen conexiones complejas, intergeneracionales y vitales entre ellas y con otras entidades vivas, donde dicho excepcionalismo humano pueda ser anulado, cuestionado y/o transformado. voladoras 202 Ojeda extraño femenino narrativo enfrentar posthumanas parentesco queer. queer . queer" posthumana convertirsecon convertirse "convertirse-con primordial Ser muchos. muchos muchos" humanas hostiles tanto complejas vivas anulado yo o transformado 20 2

ABSTRACT Introduction. CIGB-300 is an antitumor peptide that inhibits the CK2-mediated phosphorylation by direct targeting of substrates. This paper aims to describe breakthroughs about the CIGB-300 antineoplastic mechanism related to the inhibition of CK2-mediated phosphorylation and the synergism with anticancer drugs. Methods. CK2 phosphorylation assays were performed with catalytic CK2α subunit or the CK2 holoenzyme in presence or not of CIGB-300. CIGB-300/CK2 interaction was verified by pull-down experiments, in situ colocalization and phosphoproteomic analysis of CIGB-300-treated lung cancer cells were also performed. Synergism of the peptide with anticancer drugs was evaluated in vitro and for Cisplatin; it was also tested in vivo. Besides, comparative proteomics of CIGB-300 combined with Cisplatin was conducted. Results. CIGB-300 targeted the CK2α subunit and inhibited the enzymatic activity of the holoenzyme in different experimental settings. Likewise, phosphoproteomic and Western Blot analysis allowed for knowing the early CK2 inhibition profile elicited by CIGB-300 at 10 and 30 minutes of treatment. Moreover, CIGB-300 did synergize with chemotherapeutics and EGFR inhibitors, and molecular events that reportedly support such synergistic interactions were also known. Conclusions. CIGB-300 inhibits the CK2-mediated phosphorylation by using an alternative mechanism of direct interaction with the enzyme itself. Besides, CIGB-300 synergizes with chemotherapeutics and EGFR inhibitors by modulating different proteins related to drug resistance.

RESUMEN Introducción. El CIGB-300 es un péptido antitumoral inhibidor de la fosforilación de los sustratos de la proteína quinasa CK2. El presente trabajo persigue como objetivo fundamental exponer nuevos elementos vinculados al mecanismo antineoplásico del CIGB-300 relacionados con el modo de inhibición de dicha fosforilación y la sinergia del péptido con drogas anticáncer. Métodos. Se realizaron ensayos de fosforilación mediada por la subunidad catalítica CK2( o la holoenzima en presencia o no del CIGB-300. La interacción CIGB-300/CK2 se verificó mediante ensayos de pull-down, colocalización in situ y además se realizó un análisis fosfoproteómico en células de cáncer de pulmón tratadas con el péptido. El sinergismo del CIGB-300 y las drogas anticáncer se evaluó in vitro y en el caso del cisplatino también in vivo. Además, se realizó un estudio de proteómica comparativa de la combinación del CIGB-300 con el cisplatino. Resultados. El CIGB-300 interaccionó directamente con la subunidad CK2( e inhibió la actividad de la holoenzima en diferentes condiciones experimentales. Asimismo, el análisis de fosfoproteómica y Western blot permitió conocer el perfil de inhibición temprana de CK2 por el CIGB-300 a los 10 min y 30 min Adicionalmente, el CIGB-300 sinergizó con quimioterapéuticos e inhibidores del receptor del factor de crecimiento epidérmico (EGFR) y se conocieron los eventos moleculares que pueden sustentar la sinergia del péptido con las drogas anticáncer estudiadas. Como conclusiones, el CIGB-300 inhibe la fosforilación mediada por CK2 a través de un mecanismo alternativo de interacción directa con la enzima. Además, sinergiza con quimioterapéuticos e inhibidores del EGFR, modulando diferentes proteínas relacionadas con la resistencia a dichas drogas.

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: The advantages of laparoscopic surgery over traditional open surgery have changed the surgical education paradigm in the past 20 years. Among its benefits are an improvement in clinical outcomes and patient safety, becoming the standard in many surgical procedures. However, it encompasses an additional challenge due to the complexity to achieve the desired competency level. Simulation-based training has emerged as a solution to this problem. However, there is a relative scarcity of experts to provide personalized feedback. Technology-Enhanced Learning could be a valuable aid in personalizing the learning process and overcoming geographic and time-related barriers that otherwise would preclude the training to happen. Currently, various educational digital platforms are available, but none of them is able to successfully provide personalized feedback. AIMS: The aim of this study was to develop and test a proof of concept of a novel Technology-Enhanced Learning laparoscopic skills platform with personalized remote feedback. METHODS: The platform “Lapp,” a web and mobile cloud-based solution, is proposed. It consists of a web and mobile application where teachers can evaluate remotely and asynchronously exercises performed by students, adding personalized feedback for trainees to achieve a learning curve wherever and whenever they train. To assess the effectiveness of this platform, two groups of students were compared: 130 participants received in-person feedback and 39 participants received remote asynchronous feedback throughout the application. RESULTS: The results showed no significant differences regarding competency levels among both groups. CONCLUSION: A novel Technology-Enhanced Learning strategy consisting of remote asynchronous feedback throughout Lapp facilitates and optimizes learning, solving traditional spatiotemporal limitations. BACKGROUND 2 years safety procedures However level Simulationbased Simulation based problem TechnologyEnhanced Technology Enhanced timerelated time related happen Currently available AIMS METHODS Lapp, “Lapp, cloudbased cloud proposed train compared 13 inperson person 3 RESULTS CONCLUSION limitations “Lapp 1

RESUMO RACIONAL: As vantagens da cirurgia laparoscópica sobre a cirurgia aberta tradicional mudaram o paradigma da educação cirúrgica nos últimos 20 anos, tornando-se o padrão em muitos procedimentos cirúrgicos. No entanto, envolve um desafio adicional devido à complexidade para atingir o nível de competência desejado. O treinamento baseado em simulação surgiu como uma solução. No entanto, há uma relativa escassez de especialistas para fornecer feedback personalizado. A Technology Enhanced Learning pode ser uma ajuda valiosa na personalização do processo de aprendizagem e na superação de barreiras geográficas e temporais que impediriam o treinamento. Atualmente, várias plataformas educacionais estão disponíveis, mas nenhuma delas é capaz de fornecer feedback personalizado. OBJETIVOS: desenvolver e testar uma prova de conceito de uma nova plataforma de habilidades laparoscópicas da Technology Enhanced Learning com feedback remoto personalizado. MÉTODOS: É proposta a plataforma “Lapp”, uma solução web e móvel baseada em nuvem. É composta por uma aplicação web em que os professores podem avaliar remotamente e de forma assíncrona exercícios realizados pelos alunos, adicionando feedback personalizado para os formandos alcançarem uma curva de aprendizagem onde e quando treinam. Para avaliar a eficácia desta plataforma, dois grupos de alunos foram comparados. 130 participantes receberam feedback pessoal e 39 participantes receberam feedback remoto assíncrono em todo o aplicativo. RESULTADOS: Os resultados não mostraram diferenças significativas em relação ao nível de competência entre os dois grupos. CONCLUSÕES: Uma nova estratégia Technology Enhanced Learning que consiste em feedback assíncrono remoto em toda a Lapp facilita e otimiza o aprendizado, resolvendo as limitações espaço-temporais tradicionais. RACIONAL 2 anos tornandose tornando se cirúrgicos entanto desejado Atualmente disponíveis OBJETIVOS MÉTODOS Lapp, , “Lapp” nuvem treinam comparados 13 3 aplicativo RESULTADOS CONCLUSÕES aprendizado espaçotemporais espaço tradicionais “Lapp 1

Background: A low hand grip strength is a prognostic factor both in healthy people and hospitalized subjects. Local normal hand grip strength values are needed to define cutoff points of abnormality. Aim: To measure handgrip strength in Chilean people aged 20 to 70 years and propose normal values for healthy people in this age range. Material and Methods: Handgrip strength was measured using a JAMAR hydraulic dynamometer in 436 males and 465 females aged 20 to 70 years and who were free of disease. They were recruited from waiting rooms in several public and private hospitals and outpatient clinics, under self-evaluation of inclusion criteria. Results: The variability of the handgrip strength in women was smaller in than men. Tables containing handgrip strength values by age and sex and the ranges between three standard deviations were prepared. Conclusions: This study contributes with normal handgrip strength values in Chile to be used for the diagnosis and management of various conditions, such sarcopenia, obesity, oncological patients, Intensive Care Unit acquired weakness (ICU-aw) and weaning of mechanical ventilation.

ABSTRACT Nasopharyngeal angiofibroma is the most common benign tumor of the nasopharynx, representing 0.05% of total neoplasms of the head and neck. Extranasopharyngeal angiofibromas are rare entities described sporadically in the literature, being located mainly in the maxillary sinus. We present a case of an extra-nasopharyngeal fibroangioma located in the right temporal fossa followed by a literature review.

RESUMEN El angiofibroma nasofaríngeo es el tumor benigno más frecuente de la nasofaringe, representando el 0,05% del total de las neoplasias de cabeza y cuello. Los angiofibromas en localizaciones distintas a la nasofaringe son entidades raras. Ellos son descritos esporádicamente en la literatura, ubicándose principalmente en el seno maxilar. En este artículo presentamos un caso de fibroangioma extranasofaríngeo localizado en fosa temporal derecha seguido de una revisión de literatura.

Resumen La miocardiopatía restrictiva es una presentación infrecuente de la amiloidosis y la forma más rara de las miocardiopatías. Hay depósito del amiloide en las paredes del corazón que limita su llenado y contribuye a largo plazo, a la insuficiencia cardiaca. Se presenta un caso, análisis de la fisiopatología, los métodos diagnósticos y su tratamiento.

Abstract Restrictive cardiomyopathy is an uncommon presentation of amyloidosis and the rarest form of cadiomyopathies. There is amyloid deposition on the heart walls that limit its filling and is a long-term contributing factor to heart failure. A case where pathophysiology analysis, diagnostic and treatments methods are analyzed is presented.

Introduction: Thyroidectomy is one of the most common surgeries performed in head and neck. There are few reports of experience in thyroidectomy in otolaryngology services in Chile. Aim: To analyze the clinical experience with total thyroidectomy performed in the service of ENT and Head and Neck Surgery of our hospital. Material and method: Retrospective descriptive study. Review of medical records of patients undergoing total thyroidectomy (TT) between 2010 and 2014 in our service records. Results: A total of 271 thyroidectomy were performed. The most frequent indication was size (51%). The most frequent diagnoses were papillary carcinomas (46%) and follicular colloid hyperplasia (37%). We found 2.5% of transient recurrent laryngeal nerve injury and 2.9% had persistent lesions. Transient hypocalcemia occurred in 25% of patients. Discussion: Our series shows good agreement with literature, it has a low rate of complications, which are mainly seen in patients with neck dissection and/or observed 2 or less parathyroid during surgery. Conclusions: Total thyroidectomy is a safe surgical technique, and our experience shows consistent results to those reported in international literature.

Introducción: La tiroidectomía es una de las cirugías más frecuentes realizadas en cabeza y cuello. Existen escasos reportes de experiencia en tiroidectomías en servicios de otorrinolaringología en Chile. Objetivo: Analizar la experiencia clínica con las tiroidectomías totales realizadas en el Servicio de ORL y Cirugía de Cabeza y Cuello de nuestro hospital. Material y método: Estudio descriptivo retrospectivo. Revisión de fichas clínicas de pacientes sometidos a tiroidectomías totales (TT) entre los años 2010 y 2014 en nuestro servicio. Resultados: Se realizaron 271 tiroidectomías totales. La indicación más frecuente fue por tamaño (51%). Los diagnósticos más frecuentes fueron carcinomas papilares (46%) e hiperplasia folicularcoloidea (37%). Se presentaron lesiones transitorias del nervio laríngeo recurrente en 2,9%, y lesiones persistentes en 2,5%. Hipocalcemia transitoria se presentó en el 25% de los pacientes. Discusión: Nuestra serie presenta resultados concordantes con la literatura, presenta una baja tasa de complicaciones, las cuales se observan principalmente en pacientes con vaciamiento cervical y/o en que se observaron 2 o menos paratiroides. Conclusiones: La tiroidectomía total es una técnica quirúrgica segura y nuestra experiencia presenta resultados concordantes a los publicados en la literatura internacional.

Los estudiantes que ingresan a la Escuela de Medicina son personas que pasarán los próximos años de su vida preparándose para entender la composición, la anatomía y la fisiología tanto normal como patológica del cuerpo humano con el fin de luego, aplicar ese conocimiento en el tratamiento de sus pacientes. Sin embargo, ser estudiante de Medicina se ha descrito como un extenuante proceso en el cual los jóvenes sufren alteraciones notables en sus horas de sueño, niveles de estrés, presión y frustración emocional e incluso depresión. Esta investigación se llevó a cabo para identificar en una población de estudiantes de segundo semestre de segundo año de Medicina de la Universidad de Costa Rica, el deterioro cognitivo que puede tener dicho estilo de vida y cómo influye en la capacidad de aprendizaje y los resultados que estos puedan obtener. A través de la Figura Compleja de Rey-Osterrieth y la prueba MoCA (Montreal Cognitive Assesment) se evaluó la muestra en dos oportunidades distintas: al encontrarse los estudiantes en un período de evaluación normal y con un nivel de cansancio notable tras un período de evaluación más intenso. Los datos obtenidos comprobaron que efectivamente existe un deterioro en el rendimiento y las capacidades cognitivas de los jóvenes

Students that start medical school are people spend next years of their lives preparing themselves to understand the composition, anatomy and physiology of the human body both in a healthy and pathologic state, so that they can later apply this knowledge to treat their patients. Being a medical student has been described as an exhausting process in which the students suffer: differences in their sleep hours, stress levels, emotional frustration, pressure and even depression. This research has been made to identify, in a select group of students that attend the University of Costa Rica and are coursing their fourth semester of their carrer, the cognitive deterioration that this lifestyle may present and how this affects the quality, learning capacity and results they may obtain. Using the Complex figure of Rey-Osterrieth and the MoCA test (Montreal Cognitive Assesment) the population was evaluated in two different opportunities in which the stress and exhaustment levels have been clearly different. The obtained data has prooved a clear deterioration in their performance and cognitive capacities

Two parasitoid tachinids: Archytas marmoratus (Townsed) and Voria ruralis (Fallén) from the State of Coahuila, Mexico attacking two Lepidoptera pests and their parasitoidism level over its host are informed. A parasitoidism level of 8.67% by A. marmoratus on Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith), and 20.67% by V. ruralis on Trichoplusia ni were recorded.

Se reportan a dos tachínidos parasitoides: Archytas marmoratus (Townsend) y Voria ruralis (Fallén) para el estado de Coahuila, México, atacando a dos lepidópteros de importancia agrícola y sus niveles de parasitoidismo sobre su hospedero. Se registró un nivel de parasitoidismo de 8.67% de A. marmoratus sobre Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) y 20.67% de V. ruralis sobre larvas de Trichoplusia ni (Hübner).

Satellite - derived oceanographic parameters were used to explain the coastal and oceanic behavior of the chlorophyll concentration (CHL) in Chilean waters (18°-40°S, coast- 900 km offshore). CHL shows two different regimens of the annual cycle, the closer to the shore one with a austral summer maximum in concordance to the upwelling and wind regimes; and an offshore one with a CHL maximum in winter time. The annual cycle is stronger in a thin band (20 km) close to the shore and in the oceanic zone, where it counts for more of the 80% of the variability present. There is a band, which varies with latitude, located between 100-200 km from coast where the annual cycle is not well resolved by the 100 km data bins used in this study. A EOF analysis of 9km resolution data was performed and the first mode (29.5% of variance explained) represented clearly the annual cycle and its 6 months out of phase behavior among coastal and oceanic waters The previous idea of a weak annual cycle in northern Chile, changes to a strong annual cycle close to the shore with maximum CHL in summer, an intermediate zone in which it is no possible to resolve an annual cycle and an outer zone in which the annual cycle has a maximum in the winter months