Resumo O objetivo deste estudo é determinar se a presença de MDP nos vários estágios do procedimento de adesão melhora o comportamento adesivo e mecânico de cerâmicas à base de zircônia cimentadas. Cinquenta fatias cerâmicas (15 × 15 × 2 mm) e 48 discos (Ø= 10 mm, 1 mm espessura) foram preparados, sinterizados, jateados com óxido de alumínio e alocados considerando: 1) resistência de união ao microcisalhamento (μSBS) entre fatias cerâmicas e cilindros de agentes de cimentação (altura= 1 mm, Ø= 1.2 mm); 2) comportamento em fadiga, discos cerâmicos pareados e aderidos em discos de resina epóxi reforçados por fibra de vidro (Ø= 10 mm, 2.5 mm espessura), e então mecanicamente testados (fadiga cíclica, começando em 400N, com incrementos de 100N até a falha). Quatro grupos experimentais foram definidos: Primer Universal (primer com MDP + cimento resinoso - CR sem MDP), Adesivo universal (adesivo com MDP + CR sem MDP), Cimento (primer sem MDP + CR com MDP), e Primer+Cimento (primer com MDP + CR com MDP). Para ambos os desfechos, metade dos espécimes foram testados em 24 horas e metade após envelhecimento. Os dados foram submetidos aos seus respectivos testes estatísticos. Sobre μSBS, o envelhecimento prejudicou a resistência de união apenas no grupo Primer+Cimento (p<0.001). Primer Universal e Adesivo Universal apresentaram as maiores resistências de união (p<0.05). Apesar disso, os dados de fadiga não indicaram diferenças significativas (p>0.05). Em conclusão, sistemas contendo componentes com MDP associados a cimentos resinosos sem MDP demonstraram capacidade adesiva superior para restaurações de zircônia. Apesar disso, diferenças no reforço mecânico não foram observadas. cimentadas (1 4 Ø (Ø espessura preparados sinterizados considerando μSBS (μSBS altura= altura (altura 12 1. 25 5 2. espessura, , cíclica 400N N falha. falha . falha) definidos primer MDP, MDP) PrimerCimento MDP. desfechos estatísticos p<0.001. p0001 p p<0.001 0 001 (p<0.001) p<0.05. p005 p<0.05 05 (p<0.05) disso p>0.05. p>0.05 (p>0.05) conclusão observadas ( p000 p<0.00 00 (p<0.001 p00 p<0.0 (p<0.05 p>0.0 (p>0.05 (p<0.00 p0 p<0. (p<0.0 p>0. (p>0.0 p<0 (p<0. p>0 (p>0. p< (p<0 p> (p>0 (p< (p> (p

Abstract The aim of this study is to assess the presence of MDP at various stages of the bonding procedure, enhance the adhesive and mechanical behavior of cemented zirconia ceramics. Fifty ceramic slices (15 × 15 × 2 mm) and 48 discs (Ø= 10 mm, 1 mm thickness) were prepared, sintered, air-abraded with aluminum oxide, and allocated considering: 1) microshear bond strength (µSBS) between ceramic slices and luting agent cylinders (height= 1 mm, Ø= 1.2 mm); 2) fatigue behavior, ceramic discs paired and bonded onto fiber-epoxy resin discs (Ø= 10 mm, 2.5 mm thickness), and then mechanically tested (cyclic loading, starting at 400N, with increments of 100N, until failure). Four experimental groups were defined: Universal Primer (MDP primer+non-MDP resin cement - RC), Universal Adhesive (MDP adhesive+non-MDP RC), Cement (no primer+MDP RC), and Primer+Cement (MDP primer + MDP RC). For both outcomes, half of the specimens were tested after 24 hours, and half after aging. Bond strength data was analyzed via two-way ANOVA and Tukey post-hoc tests, while fatigue data went through Kaplan-Meier and Mantel-Cox post hoc tests. Regarding µSBS, aging impaired adhesion only for the Primer+Cement group (p<0.001). Universal Primer and Universal Adhesive showed the highest bond strength (p<0.05). Despite that, fatigue data indicates no significant differences (p>0.05). In conclusion, systems with MDP-containing components associated with non-MDP resin cement demonstrated enhanced adhesive capability for zirconia restorations. Nevertheless, no differences in terms of mechanical reinforcement were observed. procedure ceramics (1 4 Ø (Ø thickness prepared sintered airabraded air abraded oxide considering µSBS (µSBS height= height (height 12 1. fiberepoxy fiber epoxy 25 5 2. thickness, , cyclic loading 400N N 100N failure. failure . failure) defined primer+nonMDP primernonMDP primer+non non RC, RC RC) adhesive+nonMDP adhesivenonMDP adhesive+non primerMDP PrimerCement RC. outcomes hours twoway two way posthoc tests KaplanMeier Kaplan Meier MantelCox Mantel Cox p<0.001. p0001 p p<0.001 0 001 (p<0.001) p<0.05. p005 p<0.05 05 (p<0.05) that p>0.05. p>0.05 (p>0.05) conclusion MDPcontaining containing nonMDP restorations Nevertheless observed ( primernon adhesivenon p000 p<0.00 00 (p<0.001 p00 p<0.0 (p<0.05 p>0.0 (p>0.05 (p<0.00 p0 p<0. (p<0.0 p>0. (p>0.0 p<0 (p<0. p>0 (p>0. p< (p<0 p> (p>0 (p< (p> (p

Abstract: This study evaluated the efficacy of fluoride gel in arresting active non-cavitated caries lesions in permanent teeth. This randomized, triple-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial randomized 100 schoolchildren aged 10.7 ± 2.2 years to test treatment (1.23% acidulated phosphate fluoride [APF] gel) or control treatment (placebo gel) for 4–6 applications at weekly intervals. Data collection included the visible plaque index, gingival bleeding index, visible plaque accumulation on the occlusal surfaces, eruption stage, and dental caries. The association between group and lesion arrestment was assessed using logistic regression, and estimates were adjusted for plaque accumulation over the lesion at baseline, surface type, and tooth type. Models were fitted using generalized estimating equations for accounting for the clustering of data (i.e., the same individual contributed > 1 lesion). Ninety-eight children completed the study (48 fluoride and 50 placebo). When all dental surfaces were analyzed, the likelihood of lesion arrestment was similar between both groups (p > 0.05). A secondary analysis including only the occlusal lesions in molars showed that for teeth under eruption, lesions receiving the 1.23% APF gel were about 3-fold more likely to become arrested than lesions receiving the placebo gel (OR = 2.85; 95%CI = 1.23–6.61; p = 0.01). No significant difference was detected for molars with complete eruption (p > 0.05). The benefit of fluoride gel for arresting non-cavitated caries lesions could not be identified by clinical assessment in this short-term trial. Notwithstanding, when the cariogenic challenge was greater (as on the occlusal surfaces of erupting molars), 1.23% APF gel treatment was an important tool for caries control.

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to create a single mathematical equation able to estimate the leaf area of different cassava cultivars from one lineal dimension without destroying any plant tissue. Two hundred leaves per cultivar from ten cultivars were used to calibrate the model and more than one hundred leaves per cultivar were used to test its predictive capacity as independent data. All equations were the result of the nonlinear correlation between the leaf area and the length of its central lobe. To validate it as a “general” equation, another set of five cultivars were used. A “specific” equation for each cultivar was also calibrated to compare with the “general” equation’s performance. Cultivar Vassourinha has remarkably different leaf morphology from the other nine cultivars, making the “general” equation’s tendency line deviate and lowering its coefficient of determination. Therefore, one more equation was generated excluding that cultivar and, as a result, it was not possible to estimate the leaf area from all the cultivars using only the “general” equation. The “general without Vassourinha” equation has a high accuracy level when estimating leaf area of the other nine cultivars, plus the extra five cultivars that were included to validate the general equation; all of them present similar leaf morphology. Due to its importance, Vassourinha cultivar’s “specific” equation should be used when estimating leaf area for this cultivar or other cultivars with similar leaf morphology.