ABSTRACT: The domestic and international market is increasingly seeking for foods with reduced chemical additives. The viability using a versatile product as mechanically separate meat (CMS) to produce safety food is necessary to expand the product market. Hansenulawingei strain was selected, a yeast known as a killer toxin for poultry CMs application. The first part of this study consisted of defining the best growth condition for yeast, static or agitation, as well as the time either growth. The result obtained was the medium without agitation and 108 hours of growth at room temperature. The extract was subjected to the atomization drying process and the pulverized extract obtained was evaluated in vitro for minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) tests for Salmonellasp, Staphylococcus positive coagulase, E. coli and mesophilic bacteria. Proximal composition, which the most relevant values to be analyzed were directed to total proteins that were 4.26g% (± 0.66) and 4.37g% (± 0.01) for agitation and unrestrained system, respectively. In the result of MIC, dry extracts were efficient in controlling the growth of all tested bacteria, including Salmonella spp. In the in situ tests, in which mechanically separated meat was raw materials to determine the antimicrobial factor action against food pathogens the concentration of 0.083g/ml of dry extract in its raw form obtained an inhibition factor as satisfactory as healing salts traditionally applied by the carneous industry. The viability of its growth and concentration for drying, can be considered a viable antimicrobial with good prospects for bio-conservative action. ABSTRACT additives CMS (CMS selected application 10 temperature MIC (MIC Salmonellasp coagulase E bacteria composition 426g g 4 26g 4.26g ± ( 0.66 066 0 66 437g 37g 4.37g 0.01 001 01 system respectively spp 0083gml gml 083g ml industry bioconservative bio conservative 1 0.6 06 6 0.0 00 0.

RESUMO: O mercado nacional e internacional busca cada vez mais por alimentos com reduzido teor de aditivos químicos. Estudar a viabilidade de um novo método de conservação natural de um produto tão versátil como a carne mecanicamente separada (CMS) se faz necessário para expandir o mercado do produto, seguindo as tendências das demandas alimentares dos consumidores atuais. Portanto foi selecionada uma cepa de Hansenula wingei, uma levedura conhecida pela produção de toxina killer para aplicação em CMS de aves. A primeira parte deste estudo consistiu em definir qual a melhor condição de crescimento para a levedura, consistindo este em ser estático ou em agitação, bem como o tempo no qual haveria o maior pico de crescimento da mesma. O resultado obtido foi o meio sem agitação e com 108 horas de crescimento a temperatura ambiente. Na sequência o extrato foi submetido ao processo de secagem por atomização e o pó obtido foi avaliado in vitro para testes de concentração mínima inibitória (MIC) para Salmonella sp, Staphylococcus coagulase positivo, E. coli e Mesofilos aeróbicos e definição de sua composição proximal, a qual os valores mais relevantes a serem analisados eram direcionados para proteínas totais que foram 4.26g% (±0.66) e 4.37g% (±0.01) para sistema com agitação e sem agitação, respectivamente. Como resultado de MIC, os extratos secos mostraram-se eficientes no controle do crescimento de todas as bactérias testadas, inclusive Salmonella spp. Nos testes in situ, no qual a carne mecanicamente separada foi a matéria prima testada para determinar a ação fator antimicrobiano contra patógenos de alimentos a concentração de 0.083g/ml do extrato seco, em sua forma bruta, obteve um fator de inibição tão satisfatório quanto aos sais de cura aplicados tradicionalmente pela indústria cárnea e pela viabilidade de seu crescimento e concentração por secagem, pode ser considerado um antimicrobiano viável e com boas perspectivas para ação bioconservante. RESUMO químicos (CMS atuais wingei aves mesma 10 ambiente MIC (MIC sp positivo E proximal 426g g 4 26g 4.26g ±0.66 066 0 66 (±0.66 437g 37g 4.37g ±0.01 001 01 (±0.01 respectivamente mostraramse mostraram testadas spp situ 0083gml gml 083g ml seco bruta bioconservante 1 ±0.6 06 6 (±0.6 ±0.0 00 (±0.0 ±0. (±0. ±0 (±0 ± (± (

RESUMO Objetivo: Corpos de Civatte são corpos coloidais de queratinócitos apoptóticos localizados na junção dermoepidérmica e que são frequentes em várias dermatoses, inclusive as lesões de líquen plano. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi determinar a presença de corpos de Civatte em uma amostra de biópsias incisionais obtidas a partir de pacientes com diagnóstico de líquen plano oral (LPO). Métodos: Tratou-se de um estudo transversal retrospectivo, realizado com 34 casos cujas lâminas foram coradas pela hematoxilina-eosina, pertencentes ao arquivo de um Laboratório de Patologia Oral de Instituição de Ensino Superior. A amostra obtida foi classificada em lesões brancas e vermelhas a partir dos dados clínicos disponíveis. As análises histológicas foram realizadas em microscópio de luz, nas objetivas de 10x e 40x, com identificação dos corpos de Civatte como presentes ou ausentes. Resultados: Os corpos colóides estavam presentes em 73,5% da amostra total estudada e em 74,2% das lesões brancas. Conclusão: Os corpos de Civatte foram frequentes em todas as amostras analisadas e não devem ser negligenciados como critério de diagnóstico histopatológico em lesões de LPO.

ABSTRACT Objective: Civatte bodies are colloid bodies of apoptotic keratinocytes located at the dermoepidermal junction and are common in several dermatoses, including lichen planus lesions. The present study aimed to determine the presence of Civatte bodies in a sample of incisional biopsies obtained from patients diagnosed with oral lichen planus. Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study, carried out with 34 slides stained with hematoxylin-eosin from the archive of an Oral Pathology Laboratory of a Higher Education Institution. The sample obtained was classified into white and red lesions from the available clinical data. Histological analyses were performed under a light microscope, with 10x and 40x objectives, identifying the presence or absence of Civatte bodies. Results: Colloid bodies were present in 73.5% the total sample studied and in 74.2% white lesions. Conclusion: The Civatte bodies were frequent in all samples analysed and should thus be considered a criterion for histological diagnosis in lesions of Oral Lichen Planus.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Pigment lichen planus is an autoimmune lesion of unknown etiology, with preference for middle-aged women, which mainly affects the face and neck, being rare in the oral cavity. Objective: To report a case of pigment lichen planus in the oral cavity, with emphasis on its clinical and histopathological characteristics. Case report: 21 years old woman, black, who came to the service complaining about a spot in the oral cavity. The lesions presented a month of evolution, radial growth and no painful symptoms. They consisted of blackened plates of regular contour with whitish stretch marks on their periphery, rounded shape, sharp edges, on bilateral jugular mucosa, which measured approximately 13 mm on the left side and 25 mm on the right. After the incisional biopsy and histopathological analysis, the suspicion of oral pigment lichen planus was confirmed. The proposed treatment for the lesions was conservative through strict clinical follow-up. Conclusion: The importance and difficulty of the diagnosis of pigment lichen planus is emphasized, especially due to its low occurrence in the oral cavity and its atypical clinical characteristics and similar to other oral lesions. In this context, the relevance of the histopathological examination is ratified and the need for further studies to clarify the etiological factors involved in this pathology is highlighted.

RESUMEN Introducción: El liquen plano pigmentoso es una lesión autoinmune de etiología desconocida, aunque tiene mayor incidencia en mujeres de mediana edad, a las que afecta principalmente la cara y el cuello y, en menor medida, la cavidad oral. Objetivo: Describir las características clínicas e histopatológicas de un caso de liquen plano pigmentoso en la cavidad oral. Presentación del caso: Mujer de 21 años, negra, que acudió al servicio quejándose de una mancha en la cavidad oral. Las lesiones presentaban un mes de evolución, crecimiento radial y sin síntomas dolorosos. Consistían en placas ennegrecidas de contorno regular con estrías blanquecinas en su periferia, forma redondeada, bordes afilados, en mucosa yugal bilateral, que medían aproximadamente 25 mm en el derecho y 13 mm en el lado izquierdo. Después de la biopsia incisional y el análisis histopatológico, se confirmó la sospecha de liquen plano pigmentoso oral. El tratamiento propuesto para las lesiones fue conservador mediante un estricto seguimiento clínico. Conclusiones: El diagnóstico del liquen plano pigmentoso, debido a su baja ocurrencia en la cavidad oral y sus características clínicas atípicas y semejantes a otras lesiones orales, es complejo. En este contexto, se ratifica la relevancia del examen histopatológico y se destaca la necesidad de otros estudios para aclarar los factores etiológicos involucrados en esta lesión.

Resumo Mesmo no período em que a pandemia de Covid-19 encontrava-se em crescimento no Nordeste do Brasil, iniciou-se a adoção de medidas de flexibilização do distanciamento social. O objetivo do estudo é o de avaliar a pertinência das propostas de flexibilização, tomando-se em conta a situação da pandemia em cada local e o momento em que foram adotadas. Tendo como referência as diretrizes da OMS, foram construídos e analisados indicadores operacionais para cada diretriz, no contexto da região Nordeste. Para análise do comportamento da epidemia, conforme indicadores selecionados, foram usadas técnicas de Joinpoint Trend Analysis, mapas de calor, razão de taxas e comparação da tendência temporal entre capitais e interior dos estados. O pico do crescimento semanal ocorreu em maio-julho/2020 (semanas epidemiológicas 19 a 31). Na maioria das capitais não se observou tendência decrescente simultânea do número de casos e óbitos nos 14 dias prévios à flexibilização. Em todos os estados o quantitativo de testes realizados foi insuficiente. Na semana epidemiológica 24 os percentuais estaduais de ocupação de leitos de UTI/Covid-19 foram próximos ou superiores 70%. A situação epidemiológica das nove capitais dos estados do Nordeste, no momento em que a decisão de flexibilização foi tomada, mostra que nenhuma delas atendia aos critérios e parâmetros recomendados pela OMS.

Abstract Even in the period when the Covid-19 pandemic was on the rise in the Northeast of Brazil, the relaxation of social distancing measures was introduced. The scope of the study is to assess, in the light of the epidemiological-sanitary situation in the region, the suitability of relaxation of social distancing measures. Based on the WHO guidelines for relaxation of social distancing, operational indicators were created and analyzed for each guideline in the context of the Northeast. To analyze the behavior of the epidemic, according to selected indicators, Joinpoint trend analysis techniques, heat maps, rate ratios and time trends between capitals and the state interior were compared. The weekly growth peak of the epidemic occurred in May-July 2020 (epidemiological weeks 19 to 31). In most capitals, there was no simultaneous downward trend in the number of cases and deaths in the 14 days prior to flexibilization. In all states the number of tests performed was insufficient. In epidemiological week 24, the state percentages of ICU/Covid-19 bed occupancy were close to or above 70%. The epidemiological situation of the nine Northeastern state capitals analyzed here did not meet criteria and parameters recommended by the World Health Organization for the relaxation of social distancing measures.

Resumo Mesmo no período em que a pandemia de Covid-19 encontrava-se em crescimento no Nordeste do Brasil, iniciou-se a adoção de medidas de flexibilização do distanciamento social. O objetivo do estudo é o de avaliar a pertinência das propostas de flexibilização, tomando-se em conta a situação da pandemia em cada local e o momento em que foram adotadas. Tendo como referência as diretrizes da OMS, foram construídos e analisados indicadores operacionais para cada diretriz, no contexto da região Nordeste. Para análise do comportamento da epidemia, conforme indicadores selecionados, foram usadas técnicas de Joinpoint Trend Analysis, mapas de calor, razão de taxas e comparação da tendência temporal entre capitais e interior dos estados. O pico do crescimento semanal ocorreu em maio-julho/2020 (semanas epidemiológicas 19 a 31). Na maioria das capitais não se observou tendência decrescente simultânea do número de casos e óbitos nos 14 dias prévios à flexibilização. Em todos os estados o quantitativo de testes realizados foi insuficiente. Na semana epidemiológica 24 os percentuais estaduais de ocupação de leitos de UTI/Covid-19 foram próximos ou superiores 70%. A situação epidemiológica das nove capitais dos estados do Nordeste, no momento em que a decisão de flexibilização foi tomada, mostra que nenhuma delas atendia aos critérios e parâmetros recomendados pela OMS.

Abstract Even in the period when the Covid-19 pandemic was on the rise in the Northeast of Brazil, the relaxation of social distancing measures was introduced. The scope of the study is to assess, in the light of the epidemiological-sanitary situation in the region, the suitability of relaxation of social distancing measures. Based on the WHO guidelines for relaxation of social distancing, operational indicators were created and analyzed for each guideline in the context of the Northeast. To analyze the behavior of the epidemic, according to selected indicators, Joinpoint trend analysis techniques, heat maps, rate ratios and time trends between capitals and the state interior were compared. The weekly growth peak of the epidemic occurred in May-July 2020 (epidemiological weeks 19 to 31). In most capitals, there was no simultaneous downward trend in the number of cases and deaths in the 14 days prior to flexibilization. In all states the number of tests performed was insufficient. In epidemiological week 24, the state percentages of ICU/Covid-19 bed occupancy were close to or above 70%. The epidemiological situation of the nine Northeastern state capitals analyzed here did not meet criteria and parameters recommended by the World Health Organization for the relaxation of social distancing measures.

Abstract INTRODUCTION: Contaminated hospital environments contribute to the transmission of microorganisms associated with healthcare. Contaminated surfaces handled by patients or healthcare professionals are a source of microorganism transmission by hand. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus bacteria are among the main agents responsible for increasing healthcare-associated infections in Brazil and worldwide. METHODS: The objective of this study was to screen and characterize methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus spp. on surfaces near patients in an intensive care unit. Microbiological samples, collected from ten beds in an intensive care unit with five sampling sites, were inoculated into a methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus chromogenic medium. MALDI-TOF and PCR analyses were used to identify the bacteria. Antimicrobial susceptibility was determined using the disk diffusion test. The presence of the mecA gene was investigated using PCR. RESULTS: We observed that 44 out of the 50 sampling sites presented grown isolates in the methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus medium. The incidence of isolated microorganisms on the right side rail, left side rail, tables, infusion pump keypad, and cardiac monitor were 18.8 %, 36.7 %, 10.9 %, 2.4 %, and 31 %, respectively. The 42 isolates included in this study were identified as coagulase-negative Staphylococcus. All of these microorganisms were multidrug-resistant and mecA gene-positive. CONCLUSIONS: This study identified the presence of methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococcus on the beds of an intensive care unit, providing evidence for the necessity of assertive actions to decrease the risk of healthcare-associated infections at the site.

ABSTRACT Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus are exotic species in the Americas with high epidemiological relevance as they are vectors of many pathogens. This study aimed at understanding the population dynamics of A. aegypti and A. albopictus and the influence of abiotic factors in an endemic area of dengue. The study was conducted in the urban area of Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, over one year. In seven regions of the city, 50 ovitraps were installed in each neighborhood. The development of the larvae was monitored under controlled laboratory conditions until they reached the adult phase. A total of 50,900 eggs of Aedes sp. were collected, 26,073 of which reached adulthood: 25,496 (97.8 %) A. aegypti and 540 (2.1%) A. albopictus. A. aegypti was observed in all months during the study. The highest number of A. albopictus eggs were collected in June, while in August and September, an absence of this species was noted. Abiotic factors such as temperature, humidity and rainfall were responsible for the observed fluctuations in the mosquito population. The presence of A. albopictus in the urban area of the city is concerning because it could become a potential vector for other arboviruses that afflict human populations. The occurrence of these species in Campo Grande reinforces the need for constant entomological and epidemiological surveillance so that informed actions could be taken to decrease potential breeding sites.

RESUMO: Objetivando determinar a prevalência de anticorpos anti-Trypanosoma vivax e os possíveis fatores de risco associados à infecção em bovinos no estado do Rio Grande do Norte, nordeste do Brasil, o trabalho consistiu em um estudo epidemiológico transversal, com amostragem não probabilística por conveniência, no qual foram analisadas, por meio da reação de imunofluorescência indireta, 467 amostras de soro sanguíneo de bovinos. Das amostras testadas, 42 foram reagentes para anticorpos IgG anti-Trypanosoma vivax, o que correspondeu à prevalência de 9,0%. Os fatores de risco que influenciaram a ocorrência da tripanossomose foram: exploração com finalidade do tipo leite, criação de bovinos de raça europeia, categoria animal vaca em lactação, aquisição de animais, forrageamento das margens de açudes e rios, além da presença de vetores mecânicos. A alta prevalência encontrada em animais de corte (59,5%), fêmeas (95,2%), raça europeia (88,1%), vacas em lactação (85,7%), pastagem a margens de açudes e rios (95,2%), além da presença de vetores mecânicos (81%) e aquisição de animais (88,1%), indica a expansão da tripanossomose no semiárido do Nordeste, e as informações obtidas poderão esclarecer os fatores epidemiológicos que determinam a ocorrência da tripanossomose por T. vivax na região.

ABSTRACT: The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of anti Trypanosoma vivax antibodies and the possible risk factors associated with the infection in cattle in Rio Grande do Norte, Northeastern Brazil, through a cross-sectional epidemiological study, with non-probabilistic convenience sampling. A total of 467 cattle’s serum samples were analyzed by indirect immunofluorescence. Forty-two samples tested positive for Trypanosoma vivax IgG antibodies, corresponding to the prevalence of 9%. Risk factors influencing the occurrence of trypanosomiasis were milk exploration, raising of European breeds, productivity category: lactation cow, purchase of new cattle, foraging habits near ponds and rivers, and the presence of mechanical vectors. So, high prevalence in beef animals (59.5%), females (95.2%), European breed (88.1%), lactating cows (85.7%), pasture at banks of dams and rivers (95.2%), in addition to the presence of mechanical vectors (81%) and acquisition of animals (88.1%), indicates the expansion of trypanosomiasis in Northeastern semi-arid region, and the information obtained may explain the epidemiological factors that determine the occurrence of trypanosomiasis by T. vivax in this region.

ABSTRACT This study investigated the efficacy of essential oils of Lippia alba (EOLA) citral chemotype and Lippia origanoides (EOLO) and their effects on ventilatory frequency (VF) of silver catfish, Rhamdia quelen. Fish were exposed to 50-300 μL L−1 of EOLA and 25-300 μL L−1 of EOLO to determine induction times to sedation, anesthesia, and recovery. Moreover, VF was determined in fish exposed to 5 or 10 μL L−1 of EOLA and of EOLO for 8 h. The increasing concentration of essential oils proportionally decreased sedation and anesthesia induction times. The highest EOLA concentration increased VF of fish from the control group at 1 h of exposure, but VF decreased at both EOLO concentrations after 2 h. The EOLA citral chemotype and EOLO were effective sedatives and anesthetics for silver catfish. However, EOLO was the most suitable sedative for additional studies regarding fish transport as it reduced VF and did not induce VF increase in silver catfish. The EOLA citral chemotype and EOLO are effective sedatives and anesthetics for silver catfish. Moreover, the EOLO is recommended for transport of silver catfish, because it maintains the ventilatory frequency constant, avoiding a possible metabolic stress.

RESUMO Objetivo: detectar a sensibilidade, para avaliar a habilidade de resolução temporal, comparando os testes Randon Gap Detection Test (RGDT) e Gaps- In-Noise (GIN) além de sugerir valores de referência nestes testes para idosos. Métodos: participaram 38 idosos, 24 mulheres e 14 homens, com idades entre 60 e 82 anos, com audição normal ou perda auditiva neurossensorial até moderada; com simetria entre as orelhas; timpanograma tipo A, reflexos acústicos presentes, com queixa de processamento auditivo. Todos Foram submetidos a avaliação básica para caracterizar a audição periférica, RGDT e GIN. Resultados: a sensibilidade encontrada para o teste RGDT na identificação da habilidade de resolução temporal foi de 88,64% e no GIN de 67,65%. Os valores médios para o limiar de detecção de gap no teste GIN encontraram-se em torno de 8ms e para o teste RGDT em 23,13ms. Conclusão: o teste RGDT demonstrou maior sensibilidade para detecção da alteração da habilidade de resolução temporal. Os valores dos limiares de resolução temporal, sugeridos como valores de referência para idosos, são de 8ms para o GIN e 23,13 ms para o RGDT.

ABSTRACT Purpose: detecting the sensitivity to evaluate the temporal resolution ability, by comparing Randon Gap Detection Test (RGDT) and Gaps- In-Noise (GIN) tests, in addition to suggesting reference values in these tests for elderly people. Methods: 38 elderly people, 24 women and 14 men, aged between 60 and 82 years, with normal hearing or sensorineural to moderate hearing loss; with symmetry between the ears; Type A tympanogram, acoustic reflex, with auditory processing complaints. All patients underwent basic evaluations to characterize the peripheral hearing - RGDT and GIN. Results: the sensitivity found for RGDT regarding the identification of the temporal resolution ability was 88.64% and 67.65% in GIN. The mean values for the gap detection thresholds in GIN test were around 8ms and for the RGDT test in 23,13ms. Conclusion: RGDT test presented greater sensitivity for detecting the change in temporal resolution ability. The values of temporal resolution thresholds suggested as reference values for the elderly people, are 8ms for GIN and 23.13 ms for RGDT.

Nyssomyia whitmani (Antunes and Coutinho, 1939) has been considered as a complex of cryptic species, and some of the populations of this complex plays an important role in the transmission of Leishmania spp. in Brazil. The present study reports the biological aspects concerning the productivity out of eggs and the development time of the descendants of females obtained in Dourados municipality, Mato Grosso do Sul state. The females were captured with modified electric aspirators, fed in hamsters and further individualized in containers for breeding. At the insectary, temperature and relative humidity were maintained on average of 24.5 °C and 67.3%, respectively. From 944 females 3737 eggs were obtained, 748 (20.0%) evolved to the stage of larvae, and 93 (12.4%) of these reached adult stage. The life cycle lasted 80.6 days and the last larval instar was the longest. The use of a higher protein diet revealed a significant improvement in larval development.

Indivíduos com claudicação intermitente (CI) comumente apresentam comorbidades associadas e hábitos não saudáveis, como o tabagismo e a inatividade física. Todavia, o quanto esses fatores contribuem para a intolerância à caminhada desses indivíduos permanece incerto. Assim, o objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a associação das comorbidades e hábitos não saudáveis com a capacidade de caminhada de indivíduos com CI. A amostra foi composta por 66 indivíduos com CI de ambos os gêneros. Todos os indivíduos realizaram teste ergométrico máximo em esteira, sendo registrada o tempo de claudicação (TC) e o tempo total de caminhada (TTC). Os dados referentes às comorbidades e hábitos não saudáveis foram obtidos por meio de entrevista. Para análise estatística foi empregada análise de regressão simples univariada, com p < 0,05. A comorbidade mais prevalente foi a hipertensão arterial (86,4%), ao passo que a inatividade física foi o hábito não saudável mais prevalente (47%). Além disso, 90,9% dos pacientes apresentaram duas ou mais comorbidades e/ou hábitos não saudáveis. A inatividade física foi associada com menor TC (β = -154 s; p = 0,02; IC95% = -283; -25 s) e TTC (β = -189 s; p = 0,02; IC95% = -384; -29 s). Além disso, o maior número de comorbidades e hábitos não saudáveis também foram associados com menor TC (β = -55 s; p = 0,02; IC95% = -102; -8 s). Como conclusão, os resultados deste estudo indicam que a inatividade física e o número de comorbidades e/ou hábitos não saudáveis estão associados com a intolerância à caminhada de indivíduos com CI.

Comorbid conditions and unhealthy habits, such as smoking and physical inactivity, are commonly observed in patients with intermittent claudication (IC). However, the impact of these factors on walking impairment in IC patients remains uncertain. Thus, the purpose of this study was to analyze the association between comorbid conditions and non-healthy habits and walking capacity in subjects with IC. Sixty-six men and women with IC were recruited. Subjects underwent a treadmill test in which claudication time (CT) and total walking time (TWT) were obtained. An interview was performed and comorbid conditions and unhealthy habits were obtained. Univariate linear regression was employed for statistical analysis (p < 0.05). The most prevalent comorbid condition was hypertension (86.4%). Among unhealthy habits physical inactivity was the most prevalent (47.0%). Moreover, 90.9% of the subjects had 2 or more comorbid conditions and/or unhealthy habits. Physical inactivity was associated with decreased CT (β = -154 s; p = 0.02; IC95% = -283;-25 s) and TWT (β = -189 s; p = 0.02; IC95% = -384; -29 s). Furthermore, a higher number of factors were associated with lower CT (β = -55 s; p = 0.02; IC95% = -102; -8 s). In conclusion, the results showed that physical inactivity and number of comorbid condition and/or unhealthy habits are associated to walking impairment in subjects with IC