Pesquisa | SciELO

The objective of the present work was to apply self-organizing feature maps (SOFM) and multilayer perceptron (MLP) to evaluate the protective capacity of tert-butylhydroquinone (TBHQ), butylhydroxyanisole (BHA), and butylhydroxytoluene (BHT) antioxidants against the biodiesel oxidation reaction. For this, the antioxidant concentration and the biodiesel compliance parameters were used as continuous input variables and the type of antioxidant as a categorical. The SOFM proved to be an adequate tool for the classification of biodiesel samples containing antioxidants. The performance of the 5 most active networks of the model ranged from 89 to 99% for training, testing, and validation with an error below 1.42 × 10-4. Statistical tests applied to validate the model showed no significant difference between predicted and experimental values. The global sensitivity analysis showed that the relative protection factor (RPF) contributed with 34.89%, the antioxidant with 31.49%, the induction period with 10.69%, the water content with 6.00%, and the others all together with 16.93% in the construction of the regression models by MLP.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20220139

Simulation of the diffusion process of NaCl and KCl in olive pulp using the finite element method
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Clemente, Marco A. J.

; Silva, Heloisa H. P.

; Silva, Nathan F.

; Campos, Julia W.

; Sousa, Eduardo G. de

; Silva, Hágata C.

; Mantovani, Ana C. G.

; Angilelli, Karina B.

; Borsato, Dionisio

Química Nova

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2023, Volume 46 Nº 3 Páginas 229 - 235

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

The simultaneous diffusion of inorganic components in the olive pulp in wet brine was modeled based on Fick’s generalized 2nd Law and simulated using the finite element method. The main and crossed diffusion coefficients, the film coefficient and the Biot number were determined, with the application of the simplex optimization method, through the minimization of the percentage errors. The errors between the simulated and experimental data were 5.35% for NaCl and 4.77% for KCl and the adjusted main diffusion coefficients were 0.4358 × 10-12 m2 s-1 for NaCl and 0.5408 × 10-12 m2 s-1 for KCl. The system developed to simulate diffusion allows the control and modulation of the salts content that diffuses through the olive pulp.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0100-4042.20230005

Síntese, caracterização de uma base de Schiff de quitosana e complexos de cobre utilizadas como eletrodo modificado
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Pontes, Ana C. F. de B.

; Pontes, Talita P. de A.

; Cavalcante, Nayara G. S.

; Sousa Júnior, Francimar Lopes de

; Silva, Francisco Ordelei N. da

; Pontes, Daniel de L.

Química Nova

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2023, Volume 46 Nº 4 Páginas 336 - 342

Resumo: Pt | Texto: Pt | PDF: Pt

A new material formed by Shiff base (chitosan and ortho-vanillin) and copper were synthesized and characterized by UV-visible, infrared spectroscopies, thermal analysis, elemental analysis, electron microscopy, 1H NMR spectra and electrochemical techniques. In this study, it was possible to identify the formation of Schiff’s base (BS), with a degree of substitution of 42.5% by NMR. The electron microscopy study indicates an amorphous character for BS. The material was used to build an electrode, which proved to be sensitive to the addition of nitrite, making it possible to quantify it. The values obtained for detection limit and limit of quantification of the electrode formed BS-Cu were 0.062 µmol L-1 and 0.21 µmol L-1, respectively.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0100-4042.20230019

DIFFUSION STUDY OF NaCl AND KCl AT THE SOLUTION/OLIVE INTERFACE: MATHEMATICAL MODELING USING THE FINITE ELEMENT METHOD AND SELF-ORGANIZING FEATURE MAP (SOFM)-TYPE NEURAL NETWORKS
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Borsato, Dionisio

; Clemente, Marco A. J.

; Silva, Heloisa H. P.

; Silva, Nathan F.

; Campos, Julia W.

; Sousa, Eduardo G. de

; Silva, Hágata C.

; Angilelli, Karina B.

; Mantovani, Ana C. G.

; Mantovani, Rafael G.

Química Nova

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2023, Volume 46 Nº 8 Páginas 785 - 790

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Olive samples were subjected to the salting process in brine containing 1196 mol m−3 of NaCl and 402 mol m−3 of KCl. Samples were collected during 60 h and salt concentration values were determined. With the finite element method (FEM) and the minimization of the errors percentage between the simulated and experimental values, the mass transfer coefficients in the film (hm) were obtained, being 1.0072 × 10−8 and 1.2499 × 10−8 for NaCl and KCl, respectively. The salts concentration at the olive/brine interface was simulated by FEM and analyzed via SOFM. A network with 4 × 4 topology and 10000 training epochs was used. It was observed that the influence of the stationary film formed on the surface of the olives during the salting process depends on the position, the salt involved in the diffusion and that the concentration of the salts, at each point, varies according to the immersion time.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0100-4042.20230053

Advantages of treating sponge-gourd waste by mechanical refining on the properties of fiber-based poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)/polylactide biocomposites
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CORREIA, THIAGO R.

; ALMEIDA, RENAN HENRIQUES G.

; CAMPOS, GUSTAVO N.

; SANTOS, CAIO C.

; COLAÇO, MARCOS VINICIUS

; FIGUEIREDO, MARCO ANTONIO G.

; SOUSA, ANA MARIA F.

; SILVA, ANA LÚCIA N.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2023, Volume 95 Supl. 1 elocation e20230003

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract This study compares the morphology, thermal, and dynamic-mechanical properties of composites based on polybutylene adipate terephthalate/polylactide biocomposites with sponge gourd waste treated code as R, and non-treated sponge gourd, coded as NR, by mechanical disc refining after milled process. Extrusion followed by compression molding was used to produce biocomposites with fiber contents of 0, 2.5, 5, 10, and 15% wt/wt for R and NR sponge gourd fibers. Scanning electron microscopy analysis reveals that NR has the morphology of a rigid tubular shape, whereas R is a thinner, twisted, and fibrillated fiber. Regardless of the type of sponge gourd fiber used, the thermal stability of the composite decreases as the sponge gourd content increases. At 25°C, the biocomposite with 10%wt/wt R fiber has the highest storage modulus value. The comparison of Tangent peak values reveals that the presence of sponge gourd fibers reduces the energy dissipation of the biocomposites. The analysis of the loss modulus at 25°C reveals that R fiber contributes more to the reduction of energy dissipation of the biocomposites than NR. Furthermore, the Cole-Cole plot shows that R and NR fibers are dispersed and do not significantly change the homogeneity of the biopolymer systems.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202320230003

Multidisciplinary Scientific Cruises for Environmental Characterization in the Santos Basin – Methods and Sampling Design
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Moreira, Daniel L.

; Dalto, Adriana G.

; Figueiredo JR, Alberto G.

; Valerio, Aline M.

; Detoni, Amalia M. S.

; Bonecker, Ana C. T.

; Signori, Camila N.

; Namiki, Cláudia

; Sasaki, Dalton K.

; Pupo, Daniel V.

; Silva, Danilo A.

; Kutner, Deborah S.

; Duque-Castaño, Diana C.

; Marcon, Eduardo H.

; Gallotta, Fabiana D. C.

; Paula, Fabiana S.

; Gallucci, Fabiane

; Roque, Gabriela C. F.

; Campos, Giulia S.

; Fonseca, Gustavo

; Mattos, Gustavo

; Lavrado, Helena P.

; Silveira, Ilson C. A. da

; Costa, Jessica O.

; Santos Filho, João R. dos

; Carneiro, Juliane C.

; Moreira, Julio C.F.

; Rozo, Laura

; Araujo, Leandro F.M.

; Lazzari, Letícia

; Silva, Letícia O. da

; Michelazzo, Luan S.

; Fernandes, Luciano F.

; Dottori, Marcelo

; Araújo Jr., Marcus A. G. de

; Chuqui, Mateus G.

; Ceccopieri, Milena

; Borges-Silva, Milton

; Kampel, Milton

; Bergo, Natascha M.

; Silva, Paulo V. M.

; Tura, Pedro M.

; Moura, Rafael B. de

; Romano, Renato G.

; Martins, Renato P.

; Carreira, Renato S.

; Toledo, Rodrigo G.A.

; Bonecker, Sérgio L.C.

; Disaró, Sibelle T.

; Rodrigues, Silvana V.

; Corbisier, Thais N.

; Vicente, Thaisa M.

; Paiva, Vitor G. de

; Pellizari, Vivian H.

; Belo, Wellington C.

; Brandini, Frederico P.

; Sousa, Silvia H.M

Ocean and Coastal Research

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2023, Volume 71 Supl. 3 elocation e23022

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract The Santos Basin (SB) is the main petroliferous basin in the Brazilian continental margin and one of the most studied marine areas in Brazil. However, historical data suggest that new efforts should be carried out to acquire quantitative biological data, especially in the deep sea, to establish the baseline of essential ocean variables in different ecosystems for future monitoring programs. The Brazilian energy company Petrobras planned and executed 24 oceanographic cruises over a period of 2 years to assess the benthic (SANSED cruise) and pelagic (SANAGU cruise) systems of the SB (356 days at sea in 2019 and 2021/2022). These efforts were part of the Santos Project, which comprised a comprehensive environmental study aimed at investigating benthic and pelagic variables to characterize ecology, biogeochemistry, thermohaline properties of water masses, and ocean circulation patterns, geomorphology, and sedimentology, as well as organic and inorganic chemistry. Here we present the detailed sampling designs and the field methods employed on board, during the SB scientific cruises. All sampling protocols were based on standardized approaches. For the benthos analyses, triplicate sediment samples were performed using a GOMEX-type box corer (0.25 m²) or a large modified Van Veen grab (0.75 m²) at 100 stations ranging from 25 to 2400 m depth. At each station, 25 geochemical and physico-chemical parameters were analyzed in addition to micro-, meio-, and macrofauna and living foraminifera samples. For the pelagic system, 60 stations were selected to investigate the plankton community, ranging in size from pico- to macroplankton, through vertical, horizontal, and oblique net hauls (20, 200, and 500 μm mesh size), as well as 25 biogeochemical parameters collected with an aid of a CTD-rosette sampler. Part of this scientific information also serves the Regional Environmental Characterization Project (PCR-BS) in support of Petrobras’ Santos Basin drilling licensing process led by the Brazilian Environmental Agency – IBAMA. This project contributes to the sustainable development of the SB, in line with the guidelines of the United Nations Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development.

https://doi.org/10.1590/2675-2824071.22072dlm

Effects of corn straw on meat characteristics of lambs in the Brazilian semi-arid region
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OLIVEIRA, ANA B. DE

; PAULA, TALITA A. DE

; SOUSA, WANDRICK HAUSS DE

; FERREIRA, MARCELO A.

; CARTAXO, FELIPE Q.

; CEZAR, MARCÍLIO F.

; NEVES, MARIA LUCIANA M. WANDERLEY

; BARRETO, LÍGIA MARIA G.

; OLIVEIRA, FLÁVIO G. DE

; GOMES, RAYANE N.

; VÉRAS, ANTONIA SHERLÂNEA C.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2023, Volume 95 Nº 4 elocation e20200395

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract The present study aimed to evaluate the influence of increasing levels of corn straw replacement of sorghum silage on average daily gain, loin eye area, subcutaneous fat thickness, weight of commercial cuts, leg tissue composition, and physico-chemical characteristics of the meat from F1 Santa Inês × Dorper lambs maintained in a feedlot system. Treatments consisted of 0, 33, 66 and 100% corn straw replacement of sorghum silage. There were thirty-six 150-day-old male lambs. Corn straw replacement of sorghum silage in lamb feed reduced the average daily gain and weight of the ribs, besides promoting a quadratic influence on leg fat content. However, there was no influence on commercial carcass cuts, leg muscle index, leg tissue composition, and physico-chemical characteristics of the meat. Thus, corn straw can be used as alternative feedstuff for sheep rations to improve the production of high-quality sheep meat in semi-arid regions.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202320200395

Schools reopening and the COVID-19 pandemic: a case study from Macaé, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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POZZOBON, ALLAN P. B.

; PETRY, ANA C.

; ZILBERBERG, CARLA

; BARROS, CINTIA M. DE

; NEPOMUCENO-SILVA, JOSÉ L.

; FEITOSA, NATÁLIA M.

; GOMES NETO, LUPIS R.

; RODRIGUES, BRUNO C.

; BRINDEIRO, RODRIGO M.

; NOCCHI, KEITY JAQUELINE C.V.

; MURY, FLAVIA B.

; SOUZA-MENEZES, JACKSON DE

; SILVA, MANUELA L. DA

; MEDEIROS, MARCIO JOSÉ DE

; GESTINARI, RAQUEL S.

; ALVARENGA, ALESSANDRA S. DE

; SILVA, CARINA A.O.

; SANTOS, DANIELE G. DOS

; SILVESTRE, DIEGO HENRIQUE

; SOUSA, GRAZIELE F. DE

; ALMEIDA, JANIMAYRI F. DE

; SILVA, JHENIFER N. DA

; BRANDÃO, LAYZA M.

; DRUMMOND, LEANDRO O.

; CARPES, RAPHAEL M.

; SANTOS, RENATA C. DOS

; PORTAL, TAYNAN M.

; TANURI, AMILCAR

; NUNES-DA-FONSECA, RODRIGO

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2022, Volume 94 elocation e20211361

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Since the first reported case of COVID-19 in Brazil, the public and private educational system started to close. Up to November 2020, scientific discussions about the return of schooling activities have been rarely performed by the national scientific community and police-makers. The great delay of school returning in Brazil contrasts with successful international strategies of school reopening worldwide and seems counterintuitive with the reopening of non-essential activities. Here, important issues to be considered before and during school reopening are reviewed and discussed. COVID-19 testing is essential to avoid disease spreading, but high cost of individual RT-qPCRs impairs an extensive testing strategy for school returning. To reduce costs and increase the speed of diagnosis, we tested the efficiency of a pooled-sample PCR strategy in a cohort of the educational staff in the city of Macaé/RJ, finding five asymptomatic individuals (0,66%) among the 754 people tested. Thus, a polled-sample PCR testing strategy of the educational staff might prevent infection spreading in schools at a reasonable cost. We discuss how our test strategy could be coupled with internationally recognized safety rules to allow for a safe school return and how countries from different world regions are dealing with educational activities during COVID-19 pandemic.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202220211361

Genetic parameters and selection of biofortified lettuce genotypes based on selection indices
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Sousa, Luciana A. de

; Maciel, Gabriel M.

; Juliatti, Fernando C.

; Beloti, Igor F.

; Cardoso, Daniel B. O.

; Siquieroli, Ana C. S.

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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Nov 2021, Volume 25 Nº 11 Páginas 772 - 778

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO A obtenção de vegetais biofortificados, com destaque para a alface, é uma ferramenta para melhorar o estado nutricional da população. Os índices de seleção podem maximizar a seleção simultânea de boas características agronômicas e altos níveis de carotenoides. O objetivo deste estudo foi estimar os parâmetros genéticos e a eficiência de diferentes índices para a seleção de genótipos de alface biofortificados combinados com características agronômicas adequadas. As análises estatísticas foram realizadas com 91 genótipos pertencentes ao banco de germoplasma de alface biofortificada da Universidade Federal de Uberlândia. As variáveis analisadas foram: índice de clorofila das folhas, diâmetro da planta, diâmetro do caule e número de folhas por planta. Os valores encontrados para herdabilidade no sentido restrito (h²) variaram de 89,63% (diâmetro do caule) a 96,05% (clorofila), apresentando alta magnitude. O índice de Smith-Hazel, a soma de “ranks” de Mulamba & Mock, a seleção direta e indireta e o índice base de Williams foram usados para prever os ganhos de seleção. No total, 17 indivíduos foram selecionados usando as metodologias de seleção. Os índices de Smith-Hazel, Williams e Mulamba & Mock são eficientes em mostrar bons ganhos diretos para as características avaliadas. Treze genótipos foram selecionados por todos os índices apresentando características agronômicas favoráveis, sendo promissores para o avanço de geração no programa de melhoramento para obter linhagens de alface biofortificadas.

ABSTRACT Obtaining biofortified vegetables with an emphasis on lettuce is a tool to improve the nutritional status of the population. Selection indices can maximize the simultaneous selection of good agronomic traits and high carotenoid levels. The objective of this study was to estimate the genetic parameters and efficiency of different indices in selecting genotypes of biofortified lettuce with high concentrations of carotenoids and favorable agronomic traits. Statistical analyses were performed on 91 genotypes belonging to the vegetable germplasm bank of the Federal University of Uberlândia, Brazil. The variables analyzed were the chlorophyll index of the leaves, plant diameter, stem diameter, and number of leaves per plant. The values found for narrow sense heritability (h²) ranged from 89.63% (stem diameter) to 96.05% (chlorophyll), showing a high magnitude. The Smith-Hazel index, sum of ranks by the Mulamba & Mock index, direct and indirect selection, and Williams base index were used to predict the selection gains. A total of 17 individuals were selected using the selection methodologies. The Smith-Hazel, Williams, and Mulamba & Mock indices were efficient in showing good direct gains for the evaluated traits. Thirteen genotypes were selected for all indices presenting suitable agronomic traits, which show promise for advancing generations within the breeding program to obtain biofortified lettuce strains.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v25n11p772-778 86 downloads

10.

Physiological indices of okra under organomineral fertilization and irrigated with salt water
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Sales, Jonnathan R. da S.

; Magalhâes, Clarissa L.

; Freitas, Ana G. S.

; Goes, Geovana F.

; Sousa, Henderson C. de

; Sousa, Geocleber G. de

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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Jul 2021, Volume 25 Nº 7 Páginas 466 - 471

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO O manejo adequado de águas salobras pode aumentar a produção vegetal no Semiárido brasileiro. A fertilização organomineral contribui para a minimização dos efeitos deletérios da salinidade. Nessa perspectiva, objetivou-se avaliar os índices fisiológicos do quiabeiro cultivado sob adubação organomineral e irrigado com água salina. O experimento foi no delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado no esquema fatorial 6 x 2, com seis repetições, referente a seis formas de adubação: T1 - Adubação mineral com NPK; T2 - Adubação com biofertilizante bovino; T3 - Adubação com cinza vegetal; T4 - Adubo mineral (50%) + biofertilizante bovino (50%); T5 - Adubo mineral (50%) + cinza vegetal (50%); T6 - Controle; e a duas condutividades elétricas da água de irrigação (0,5 e 5,0 dS m-1). Aos 30 e 60 dias após o transplantio, foram analisados os índices fisiológicos do quiabeiro. O estresse salino afeta de forma negativa os indicies fisiológicos da cultura do quiabo, no entanto, a fertilização organomineral atenua parcialmente os efeitos dos sais sobre a fisiologia do quiabeiro. Desta forma, recomenda-se o uso da adubação orgânica e mineral no cultivo do quiabeiro em condições de salinidade.

HIGHLIGHTS Salt water reduces gas exchange in the okra crop, but organomineral fertilization mitigates these effects. The use of organic and mineral fertilization is viable in okra crops under salt stress. Organic fertilizer (100% bovine biofertilizer) decreases internal CO2 concentration.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v25n7p466-471 401 downloads

11.

Astaxanthin Recovery from Shrimp Residue by Solvent Ethanol Extraction Using Choline Chloride:Glycerol Deep Eutectic Solvent as Adjuvant
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Santos, Cleidijane A. dos

; Padilha, Carlos E. A.

; Damasceno, Karla S. F. S. C.

; Leite, Pedro I. P.

; Araújo, Ana C. J. de

; Freitas, Priscila R.

; Vieira, Érica A.

; Cordeiro, Angela M. T. M.

; Sousa Jr., Francisco C. de

; Assis, Cristiane F. de

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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Mai 2021, Volume 32 Nº 5 Páginas 1030 - 1039

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

The present study investigated the use of choline chloride:glycerol deep eutectic solvent as an adjuvant for tuning the ethanol extraction of astaxanthin from Litopenaeus vannamei processing residues. The adjuvant concentration did not show a clear trend on the total carotenoid, however, the addition of adjuvant proved to be advantageous in the ultrasound-assisted experiments. In order to establish a balance between total carotenoid and productivity, an operational condition with ultrasound, 5% (m/v) choline chloride:glycerol and 10 min of incubation was selected, which provided 737.69 µg g-1 total carotenoids and 32.71 µg g-1 astaxanthin. When compared to the astaxanthin standard, the shrimp residue extract obtained greater antioxidant activity in free radical scavenging tests. In addition, the shrimp residue extract dramatically reduced the dosage of norfloxacin (up to 87.5%) and gentamicin (up to 75.0%) antibiotics in tests to inhibit the growth of Gram-negative bacteria.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20210005 173 downloads

12.

Nuevos registros de Pelecinus polyturator (Drury) (Hymenoptera: Proctotrupoidea: Pelecinidae) para Brasil
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Sousa, Ana F. A.

; Nascimento, Alexsandra C.

; Tavares, Marcelo T.

; Fernandes, Daniell R. R.

Revista chilena de entomología

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Dez 2020, Volume 46 Nº 4 Páginas 739 - 743

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract: Species of Pelecinidae are very uncommonly collected in Brazil, despite they are one of the largest and most remarkable species of Hymenoptera. Here in, we report new records of Pelecinus polyturator (Drury, 1773) for Acre, Maranhão (Amazon rainforest) and Espírito Santo (Atlantic rainforest).

Resumen: Las especies de Pelecinidae se recolectan con muy poca frecuencia en Brasil, apesar de que son una de las especies más grandes y notables de Hymenoptera. Aquí, reportamos nuevos registros de Pelecinus polyturator (Drury, 1773) para Acre, Maranhão (Selva Amazónica) y Espírito Santo (Selva Atlántica).

https://doi.org/10.35249/rche.46.4.20.20 83 downloads

13.

Synthesis, Characterization and in vitro, in vivo and in silico Anti-Inflammatory Studies of the Novel Hybrid Based on Ibuprofen and 3-Hydroxy-Copalic Acid Isolated from Copaiba Oil (Copaifera multijuga)
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Souza, Fábio C. de

; Brito, Larissa F.

; Silva, Marcos T.

; Sugimoto, Michelle A.

; Pinto, Ana Cristina S.

; Almeida, Patrícia D. O. de

; Souza, Rodrigo O. S.

; Costa, Renyer A.

; Guilhon-Simplicio, Fernanda

; Wanderley, Almir G.

; Oliveira, Kelson M. T. de

; Sousa, Lirlândia P.

; Veiga-Junior, Valdir F. da

; Lima, Emerson S.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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Jul 2020, Volume 31 Nº 7 Páginas 1335 - 1344

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

A novel anti-inflammatory hybrid 3-ibuprofenyl-copalic acid (3-IbuCA) was synthesized from 3-hydroxy-copalic acid isolated from Amazonian copaiba oil (Copaifera multijuga Hayne), and the anti-inflammatory ibuprofen. After full characterization, several assays to verify its anti-inflammatory effects were performed in vitro, in vivo and in silico (molecular docking). Induced fit docking was performed to observe the interactions with the enzymes cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). In vitro tests of cytotoxicity and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α inhibition, and in vivo tests of pleurisy, protein expression and gastrocytotoxicity were performed. Molecular docking studies with COX-1 and 2 showed binding free energies (ΔG) of -2.2 and -7.8 kcal mol-1, respectively, while for mofezolac and indomethacin, the binding free energies ΔG presented values of -8.5 and -10.1 kcal mol-1, which makes 3-IbuCA selective for COX-2 inhibition. This hybrid showed no toxicity against human macrophage at concentrations up to 2 µM, and inhibited TNF-α production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated macrophages. In the pleurisy assays, 3-IbuCA reduced the total leukocytes and mononuclear cells, which was followed by reduction of p-IKBα (phosphorylated nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells inhibitor, alpha) protein expression. Compared with ibuprofen alone, the hybrid caused less gastric damage. Thus, the docking, together with in vitro and in vivo studies suggest that this novel hybrid has potential as a new anti-inflammatory agent.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20190266 429 downloads

14.

SÍNTESE E CARACTERIZAÇÃO DE NITROSIL COMPLEXOS COM AÇÃO ANTIBACTERIANA FRENTE A Pseudomonas aeruginosa
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Sousa, Thuanny M. de

; Penha, Dayana P. S.

; Pontes, Daniel de L.

; Pontes, Ana C. F. de B.

; Silva, Francisco O. N. da

Química Nova

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Fev 2020, Volume 43 Nº 2 Páginas 194 - 200

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

The compounds nitrosyl cis-[Ru(bpy)(phen)TU(NO)](PF6)3 (compound 1) and cis-[Ru(bpy)(phen)(4-N-Imd)(NO)](PF6)3 (compound 2) (bpy = 2,2’-bipyridine, phen = 1,10’-phenanthroline, TU = thiourea and 4-N-Imd = 4-nitroimidazole) were synthesized and characterized by UV-visible, infrared spectroscopies and electrochemical techniques. In the study of the reactivity it was possible to verify the nitric oxide labilization by square wave voltammetry and a photochemical upon blue light irradiation. This feature is very important for a potential application in phototherapy. Additionally, the antibacterial activity of the nitrosyl complexes was tested against gram-negative bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Thus, it has been observed that the complexes are capable of inhibiting the growth of such microorganisms.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0100-4042.20170476 464 downloads

15.

BsmI polymorphism in the vitamin D receptor gene is associated with 25-hydroxy vitamin D levels in individuals with cognitive decline
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Oliveira, Ana Carolina R. de

; Magalhães, Carolina A.

; Loures, Cristina M. G.

; Fraga, Vanessa G.

; Souza, Leonardo C. de

; Guimarães, Henrique C.

; Cintra, Marco T. G.

; Bicalho, Maria A.

; Sousa, Maira C. R.

; Silveira, Josianne N.

; Silva, Ieda F. O.

; Caramelli, Paulo

; Carvalho, Maria G.

; Gomes, Karina B.

Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria

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Nov 2018, Volume 76 Nº 11 Páginas 760 - 766

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Idosos apresentam risco elevado de desenvolverem deficiência de Vitamina D (VitD) devido à diminuição da ingestão e da síntese na pele. A maioria das ações biológicas da VitD é mediada pelo receptor da vitamina D (VDR), que está presente nos neurônios e células gliais do hipocampo, e no córtex e em núcleos subcorticais, áreas essenciais para a cognição. Sabe-se que polimorfismos do gene VDR podem diminuir a afinidade do VDR pela VitD. Objetivo: O presente estudo teve como objetivo investigar a influência dos níveis de VitD no declínio cognitivo em pacientes com demência devida à doença de Alzheimer (DA, n = 32) e comprometimento cognitivo leve (CCL, n = 15) em comparação a um grupo de idosos cognitivamente saudáveis (n = 24). Nós também avaliamos a associação entre polimorfimos no gene do receptor de VitD e as alterações cognitivas. Métodos: Quatro polimorfismos no gene VDR foram estudados, sendo BsmI, ApaI, FokI e TaqI, por PCR-RFLP. Os níveis séricos de 25-hidroxi vitamina D (25(OH)D) foram determinados por HPLC. Resultados: Não houve diferença significativa nos níveis de 25(OH)D ou nas frequências genotípicas / alélicas entre os grupos. Níveis deficientes de 25(OH)D foram mais frequentes nas mulheres. Os genótipos AA / AG do polimorfismo BsmI foram associados a níveis suficientes de 25(OH)D, enquanto o genótipo GG deste mesmo polimorfismo foi associado a níveis insuficientes no grupo com comprometimento cognitivo (em indivíduos com DA ou CCL). Conclusões: Os resultados obtidos não confirmam a relação entre redução dos níveis de VitD, polimorfismos no gene VDR e função cognitiva alterada nesta amostra. No entanto, os dados indicam que o polimorfismo BsmI no gene VDR está associado aos níveis de VitD em indivíduos com declínio cognitivo.

ABSTRACT Elderly people are at a high risk of developing vitamin D (VitD) deficiency due to both decreased intake and cutaneous synthesis. Most of the biological actions of VitD are mediated by the vitamin D receptor (VDR), which is present in neurons and glial cells of the hippocampus, and in the cortex and subcortical nuclei, essential areas for cognition. It is known that VDR gene polymorphisms may decrease the VDR affinity for VitD. Objective: The present study aimed to investigate the influence of VitD levels on cognitive decline in patients with dementia due to Alzheimer's disease (AD, n = 32) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI, n = 15) compared to cognitively healthy elderly (n = 24). We also evaluated the association of VDR gene polymorphisms with cognitive disturbance. Methods: Four polymorphisms on the VDR gene were studied, namely, BsmI, ApaI, FokI and TaqI, by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. Serum levels of 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25(OH)D) were determined by high performance liquid chromatography. Results: No significant difference in 25(OH)D levels or genotypic/allelic frequencies was observed between the groups. Deficiency of 25(OH)D was more frequently observed in women. The AA/AG genotypes of the BsmI polymorphism was associated with sufficient 25(OH)D levels, while the GG genotype of this same polymorphism was associated to insufficient levels in the cognitively-impaired group (individuals with AD or MCI). Conclusions: The data obtained do not confirm the relationship between reductions of VitD levels, polymorphisms in the VDR gene, and altered cognitive function in this sample. However, the data indicate that BsmI polymorphism in the VDR gene is associated with the VitD levels in individuals with cognitive decline.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0004-282x20180116 1884 downloads

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