Abstract Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are RNAs with >200 nucleotides that are unable to encode proteins and are involved in gene expression regulation. LncRNAs have a key role in many physiological and pathological processes and, consequently, they have been associated with several human diseases, including diabetes chronic complications, such as diabetes kidney disease (DKD). In this context, some studies have identified the dysregulation of the lncRNAs MALAT1 and TUG1 in patients with DKD; nevertheless, available data are still contradictory. Thus, the objective of this study was to compare MALAT1 and TUG1 expressions in urine of patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) categorized according to DKD presence. This study comprised 18 T1DM patients with DKD (cases) and 9 long-duration T1DM patients without DKD (controls). MALAT1 and TUG1 were analyzed using qPCR. Bioinformatics analyses were done to identify both lncRNA target genes and the signaling pathways under their regulation. The lncRNA MALAT1 was upregulated in urine of T1DM patients with DKD vs. T1DM controls (P = 0.007). The expression of lncRNA TUG1 did not differ between groups (P = 0.815). Bioinformatics analysis showed these two lncRNAs take part in metabolism-related pathways. The present study shows that the lncRNA MALAT1 is upregulated in T1DM patients presenting DKD. noncoding non coding (lncRNAs 200 >20 regulation consequently diseases complications . (DKD) context MALAT TUG nevertheless contradictory Thus TDM T DM (T1DM presence cases (cases longduration long duration controls. (controls) qPCR vs P 0.007. 0007 0.007 0 007 0.007) 0.815. 0815 0.815 815 0.815) metabolismrelated metabolism related 20 >2 (DKD (controls 000 0.00 00 081 0.81 81 2 > 0.0 08 0.8 8 0.

Estudo qualitativo, com objetivo de apreender a perspectiva de trabalhadores a respeito do risco de queimaduras no ambiente de trabalho. Os conteúdos obtidos nas entrevistas semiestruturadas foram submetidos à análise de conteúdo, orientada pelo Modelo de Sistemas de Neuman. Participaram seis trabalhadores que sofreram queimaduras, atendidos em um centro especializado do Sul do Brasil. Como estressores intrapessoais foram identificados: sexo masculino, adultos jovens, raça branca, acidentes prévios e negação dos riscos na manipulação dos instrumentos. Na condição de estressores interpessoais emergiram ritmo intenso das atividades, excesso de carga horária, estresse e submissão às determinações das chefias e, na de extrapessoais, vínculo precário de trabalho, riscos inerentes às tarefas, equipamentos antigos e manipulação dos instrumentos antes do acidente. O estudo e o acompanhamento de profissionais de saúde para prevenção de futuros acidentes de trabalho tornam-se necessários.

This is a qualitative study with the aim to understand the perspective of workers about the risk of work-related burn injuries. The content obtained through semi-structured interviews was submitted to content analysis, guided by the Neuman Systems Model. Participants were six workers who suffered burns and were treated at a specialized center in southern Brazil. Intrapersonal stressors were: male gender, young adults, and Caucasians; previous accidents and denial of risks in handling the instruments. The intense pace of activities, excessive workload, stress, and submission to the determinations of managers, on the other hand, emerged as interpersonal stressors. As extrapersonal stressors, precarious employment status, risks inherent in the tasks, old equipment, and handling instruments before the accident were mentioned. More research and follow-up by health professionals are necessary in order to prevent future accidents at work.

Estudio cualitativo, con objetivo de aprehender la perspectiva de trabajadores a respeto del riesgo de quemaduras en el ambiente de trabajo. Los contenidos obtenidos en las entrevistas semi-estructuradas fueron sometidos al análisis de contenido, orientado por el Modelo de Sistemas de Neuman. Participaron seis trabajadores que sufrieron quemaduras, atendidos en un centro especializado del Sur de Brasil. Como estresantes intra-personales fueron identificados: género masculino, adultos, jóvenes, raza blanca, accidentes anteriores y negación de los riesgos en la manipulación de los instrumentos. En la condición de estresantes inter-personales emergió ritmo intenso de las actividades, exceso de carga horaria, estrés y sumisión a determinaciones de los jefes y, en la de extra-personales, vínculo precario de trabajo, riesgos inherentes a las tareas, equipos antiguos y manipulación de los instrumentos antes del accidente. El estudio y el acompañamiento de profesionales de salud para prevención de futuros accidentes de trabajo se hacen necesarios.

This is a qualitative study with the aim to understand the perspective of workers about the risk of work-related burn injuries. The content obtained through semi-structured interviews was submitted to content analysis, guided by the Neuman Systems Model. Participants were six workers who suffered burns and were treated at a specialized center in southern Brazil. Intrapersonal stressors were: male gender, young adults, and Caucasians; previous accidents and denial of risks in handling the instruments. The intense pace of activities, excessive workload, stress, and submission to the determinations of managers, on the other hand, emerged as interpersonal stressors. As extrapersonal stressors, precarious employment status, risks inherent in the tasks, old equipment, and handling instruments before the accident were mentioned. More research and follow-up by health professionals are necessary in order to prevent future accidents at work.

Estudio cualitativo, con objetivo de aprehender la perspectiva de trabajadores a respeto del riesgo de quemaduras en el ambiente de trabajo. Los contenidos obtenidos en las entrevistas semi-estructuradas fueron sometidos al análisis de contenido, orientado por el Modelo de Sistemas de Neuman. Participaron seis trabajadores que sufrieron quemaduras, atendidos en un centro especializado del Sur de Brasil. Como estresantes intra-personales fueron identificados: género masculino, adultos, jóvenes, raza blanca, accidentes anteriores y negación de los riesgos en la manipulación de los instrumentos. En la condición de estresantes inter-personales emergió ritmo intenso de las actividades, exceso de carga horaria, estrés y sumisión a determinaciones de los jefes y, en la de extra-personales, vínculo precario de trabajo, riesgos inherentes a las tareas, equipos antiguos y manipulación de los instrumentos antes del accidente. El estudio y el acompañamiento de profesionales de salud para prevención de futuros accidentes de trabajo se hacen necesarios.

Estudo qualitativo, com objetivo de apreender a perspectiva de trabalhadores a respeito do risco de queimaduras no ambiente de trabalho. Os conteúdos obtidos nas entrevistas semiestruturadas foram submetidos à análise de conteúdo, orientada pelo Modelo de Sistemas de Neuman. Participaram seis trabalhadores que sofreram queimaduras, atendidos em um centro especializado do Sul do Brasil. Como estressores intrapessoais foram identificados: sexo masculino, adultos jovens, raça branca, acidentes prévios e negação dos riscos na manipulação dos instrumentos. Na condição de estressores interpessoais emergiram ritmo intenso das atividades, excesso de carga horária, estresse e submissão às determinações das chefias e, na de extrapessoais, vínculo precário de trabalho, riscos inerentes às tarefas, equipamentos antigos e manipulação dos instrumentos antes do acidente. O estudo e o acompanhamento de profissionais de saúde para prevenção de futuros acidentes de trabalho tornam-se necessários.

OBJETIVO: Investigar a prevalência do uso de sonda nasogástrica em bebês com fissura labiopalatina, sua correlação com tipo de fissura, maternidade e cidade de origem, e a idade na primeira consulta. MÉTODOS: A amostra constituiu-se de 137 bebês de ambos os gêneros, com fissura de lábio e/ou palato, sem outros comprometimentos, nascidos a termo, e que chegaram para primeira consulta em um centro especializado em fissura entre zero e 12 meses (mediana=33 dias). Realizou-se análise estatística pelo teste de coeficiente de contingência (p<0,05). RESULTADOS: Da amostra total, 61% eram do gênero masculino e 39% do feminino, 51% apresentavam fissura de lábio e palato, 35% de palato e 14% de lábio. Quanto ao nascimento, 36% nasceram em maternidades particulares e 64% em públicas, 60% em Belo Horizonte, 15% em outras cidades da região metropolitana e 25% no interior do estado. O uso de sonda ocorreu em 23% dos casos. Não houve associação entre tipo de fissura ou de maternidade e o uso de sonda, mas este foi mais frequente na região metropolitana (p=0,007). CONCLUSÃO: A prevalência do uso de sonda em bebês com fissura foi considerada alta, visto que nasceram a termo e não apresentavam comprometimentos associados que indicassem o uso da mesma. O uso de sonda é mais frequente em bebês nascidos em maternidades da região metropolitana de Belo Horizonte, quando comparados a outras cidades do estado de Minas Gerais.

PURPOSE: To investigate the prevalence of the use of nasogastric tube in babies with cleft lip and/or palate, and to correlate its use with type of cleft, maternity hospital (private or public) and city of origin, and age at the first visit to a cleft center. METHODS: The sample consisted of data collected from 137 babies of both genders with cleft lip and/or palate, without any other associated anomalies, born full-term, who attended their first consultation at a specialized cleft center with ages between zero and 12 months (median=33 days). Statistical analyses used the coefficient of contingency test (p<0,05). RESULTS: From the subjects, 61% were male and 39% were female; 51% presented cleft lip and palate, 35% cleft palate, and 14% cleft lip. Regarding place of birth, 36% were born in private and 64% in public maternity hospitals; 60% were born in the city of Belo Horizonte (Minas Gerais, Brazil), 15% in other cities of the metropolitan area, and 25% in other cities at the state of Minas Gerais (Brazil). The use of nasogastric tube was reported in 23% of the cases. There was no association between the type of cleft or maternity and the use of the tube, but the later was more frequent within the metropolitan area (p=0,007). CONCLUSION: The prevalence of the use of nasogastric tube in babies with cleft lip and/or palate was considered high since they were born full-term and without any other associated anomalies that would indicate the need of the tube. The use of nasogastric tube was more frequent in babies born at the metropolitan area of Belo Horizonte, when compared to other cities in the state of Minas Gerais (Brazil).

The recruitment of circulating eosinophils by chemokines and chemokine receptors plays an important role in the inflammation process in acute human schistosomiasis. Our main focus has been on the plasma chemokines (CXCL8/CCL2/CCL3/CCL24) and chemokine receptors (CCR2/CCR3/CCR5/CXCR1/CXCR2/CXCR3/CXCR4) expressed by circulating eosinophils from acute Schistosoma mansoni infected patients (ACT). Our studies compared ACT patients and healthy individuals as a control group. Our major findings demonstrated a plethora of chemokine secretion with significantly increased secretion of all chemokines analysed in the ACT group. Although no differences were detected for beta-chemokine receptors (CCR2, CCR3 and CCR5) or alpha-chemokine receptors (CXCR3 and CXCR4), a significantly lower frequency of CXCR1+ and CXCR2+ eosinophils in the ACT group was observed. The association between chemokines and their chemokine receptors revealed that acutely infected schistosome patients displaying decreased plasma levels of CCL24 are the same patients who presented enhanced secretion of CCL3, as well as increased expression of both the CCR5 and CXCR3 chemokine receptors. These findings suggest that CCL24 may influence the kinetics of chemokines and their receptors and eosinophils recruitment during human acute schistosomiasis mansoni.

This paper reports an outbreak of acute schistosomiasis among 38 tourists who rented a country house in the district of Igarapé, the metropolitan region of Belo Horizonte, Brazil, during a holiday period in 2006. A total number of 32 individuals were positive for Schistosoma mansoni. Results of stool examinations revealed individual S. mansoni egg counts per gram of faeces (epg) ranging from 4-768 epg with a geometric mean egg count of 45. The most frequent clinical symptoms were abdominal pain (78.1%), headache (75%), fever (65.6%), dry cough (65.2%) and both diarrhoea and asthenia (59.4%). A malacological survey of the area, where 22 specimens of Biomphalaria glabrata were collected, revealed three (13.6%) specimens eliminating Schistosoma cercariae. This investigation re-confirms a recently described pattern of schistosomiasis infection, resulting in the acute form of the disease and connected to rural tourism, which contributes to the spread of the disease among the middle-class and into non-endemic areas. The lack of specific knowledge about acute schistosomiasis among health services causes an increased number of unnecessary diagnostic procedures and delays in accurate diagnosis and treatment, resulting in considerable discomfort for the patients.

Herein we have focused attention on major phenotypic features of peripheral blood eosinophils from chronic Schistosoma mansoni-infected patients. For this purpose, detailed immunophenotypic profiles of a range of cell surface markers were performed, including activation markers (CD23/CD69/CD25/HLA-DR), co-stimulatory molecules (CD28/CD80/CD86), chemokine receptors (CXCR1/CXCR2/CCR3/CCR5) besides L-selectin-CD62L and adhesion molecules (CD18/CD54). Our major findings pointed out increased frequency of CD23+-cells, besides decreased percentages of CD69+-eosinophils, suggesting a chronic activation status with low frequency of early activated eosinophils in chronic S. mansoni-infected patients (INT) in comparison to non-infected individuals (NI). Moreover, a dichotomic expression of beta-chemokine receptors was observed during human schistosomiasis mansoni with higher CCR5 and lower levels of CCR3 observed between groups. Enhanced expression of co-stimulatory receptors (CD28/CD86) and adhesion molecules (CD54/CD18), besides striking lower frequency of L-selectin+ were reported for eosinophils from INT group as compared to NI. Interestingly, the frequency of CD62L+-eosinophils and a range of cell activation related molecules pointed out an opposite pattern of association in NI and INT, where only INT patients that display lower frequency of CD62L+-eosinophils (first CD62L tertile) kept the unusual relationship between the expression of L-selectin and the CD23 activation marker. These findings suggest that distinct dynamic of activation markers expressed by eosinophils may occur during chronic S. mansoni infection.