O assédio sexual (AS) envolve insinuações, ameaças, intimidações, contatos físicos e chantagens associadas às relações patriarcais e de poder. O presente artigo objetivou analisar os relatos de universitárias que sofreram AS; suas configurações; ações individuais e coletivas; e os relatos sobre a saúde. Trata-se de uma etnografia virtual com análise temática de conteúdo de 24 depoimentos de brasileiras no Facebook, na página #MeuProfessorAbusador. Essa violência perpetrada por professores se configura por toques e elogios indesejáveis, olhares sugestivos, “beijos acidentais”, comentários sexistas, piadas sexualizadas e convites persistentes. Elas relatam se sentir ameaçadas e silenciadas nos espaços educativos, com o desejo de desistir dos cursos, autoculpabilizam-se e sofrem com o assédio moral; discriminações raciais e de gênero; e adoecimentos físicos e mentais. As experiências de AS indicam a necessidade de programas de enfrentamento institucional para a proteção dos direitos das mulheres.

Sexual harassment (SH) includes sexual insinuations, threats, intimidation, physical contact and blackmail associated with patriarchy and power relations. This study analyzed accounts of female university students who experienced SH, focusing on the main characteristics of this type of abuse, individual and collective actions, and health aspects. We conducted a virtual ethnography involving the thematic analysis of the content of 24 accounts of Brazilian women on the Facebook page #MeuProfessorAbusador. The violence perpetrated by teachers consisted of touching and unwanted compliments, suggestive looks, “accidental” kisses, sexist comments, sexual joking and persistent invitations. The women reported feeling threatened and silenced in educational spaces, feeling like giving up the course, and self-blame, and suffered from moral harassment, racial and gender discrimination, and physical and mental illness. The experiences of SH indicate the need for institutional programs to tackle this problem and protect women’s rights.

El acoso sexual (AS) envuelve insinuaciones, amenazas, intimidaciones, contactos físicos y chantajes asociados a las relaciones patriarcales y de poder. Análisis de los relatos de universitarias que sufrieron AS, sus configuraciones, las acciones individuales y colectivas y los relatos sobre la salud. Etnografía virtual con análisis temático de contenido de 24 declaraciones de brasileñas en Facebook, en la página #MeuProfessorAbusador. Esa violencia realizada por profesores se configura por los toqueteos y elogios no deseados, miradas sugerentes, “besos accidentales”, comentarios sexistas, chistes relacionados al sexo e invitaciones persistentes. Ellas relatan que se sienten amenazadas y silenciadas en los espacios educativos, con el deseo de desistir de los cursos, se autoculpan y sufren con el acoso moral, discriminaciones raciales y de género y enfermedades físicas y mentales. Las experiencias de AS muestran la necesidad de programas de enfrentamiento institucional para la protección de los derechos de las mujeres.

RESUMO: A soja-hortaliça apresenta alto valor nutritivo e oferece benefícios funcionais para o organismo humano. No entanto, seu uso na culinária ainda é limitado, principalmente devido à falta de conhecimento sobre suas propriedades. Além disso, a disponibilidade de cultivares para consumo humano é reduzida. Portanto, este estudo foi realizado em Botucatu, Brasil, com o objetivo de verificar o potencial de cultivares de soja-grão (SG) e soja de duplo propósito (SDP) para consumo como soja-hortaliça (SH). Assim, vagens foram colhidas no estádio R6, foram avaliados quanto os teores de compostos bioativos (compostos fenólicos totais, flavonoides, atividade antioxidante e proteínas) e de antinutricionais (nitratos, oxalato, alcaloides e taninos). A cultivares apresentaram mesmo teor de proteína, não diferindo estatisticamente entre si, bem como para nitrato e oxalato. O conteúdo de compostos fenólicos e atividade antioxidante total da cultivar SG, diferiu estatisticamente do conteúdo das cultivares SPD e SH, respectivamente. De acordo com os resultados, a cultivar SG, com colheita das vagens em R6, apresentou qualidade nutracêutica e teores de compostos antinutricionais compatível com as duas cultivares propostas para soja vegetal. RESUMO sojahortaliça hortaliça entanto limitado propriedades disso reduzida Portanto Botucatu Brasil sojagrão grão SG (SG SDP (SDP SH. SH . (SH) Assim R6 R totais flavonoides proteínas nitratos, nitratos (nitratos oxalato taninos. taninos taninos) proteína si respectivamente resultados vegetal (SH

ABSTRACT: Vegetable soybean has high nutritional value and offers functional benefits to human body. However, its use in cooking is still limited, mainly due to the lack of knowledge about its properties. In addition, the availability of cultivars for human consumption is reduced. Therefore, this study was conducted in Botucatu, Brazil, to assess the potential of grain soybean (GS) and dual-purpose soybean (DPS) cultivars for consumption as vegetable soybean (VS). Pods were harvested at R6 stage, and the contents of bioactive compounds (total phenolic compounds, flavonoids, antioxidant activity and proteins) and antinutritional components (nitrates, oxalate, alkaloids and tannins) were evaluated. The cultivars showed the same protein content, not differing statistically from each other, as well as for nitrate and oxalate. The content of phenolic compounds and total antioxidant activity of the SG cultivar differed statistically from the content of the DPS and VS cultivars, respectively. According to the results, the GS cultivar, with pods harvested at R6 stage, showed nutraceutical quality and contents of antinutritional compounds similar to those of the two cultivars proposed for the vegetable soybean. ABSTRACT body However limited properties addition reduced Therefore Botucatu Brazil (GS dualpurpose dual purpose (DPS VS. . (VS) R stage flavonoids proteins nitrates, nitrates (nitrates oxalate tannins evaluated other respectively results (VS

O assédio sexual (AS) envolve insinuações, ameaças, intimidações, contatos físicos e chantagens associadas às relações patriarcais e de poder. O presente artigo objetivou analisar os relatos de universitárias que sofreram AS; suas configurações; ações individuais e coletivas; e os relatos sobre a saúde. Trata-se de uma etnografia virtual com análise temática de conteúdo de 24 depoimentos de brasileiras no Facebook, na página #MeuProfessorAbusador. Essa violência perpetrada por professores se configura por toques e elogios indesejáveis, olhares sugestivos, “beijos acidentais”, comentários sexistas, piadas sexualizadas e convites persistentes. Elas relatam se sentir ameaçadas e silenciadas nos espaços educativos, com o desejo de desistir dos cursos, autoculpabilizam-se e sofrem com o assédio moral; discriminações raciais e de gênero; e adoecimentos físicos e mentais. As experiências de AS indicam a necessidade de programas de enfrentamento institucional para a proteção dos direitos das mulheres. (AS insinuações ameaças intimidações poder configurações coletivas saúde Tratase Trata 2 Facebook MeuProfessorAbusador #MeuProfessorAbusador indesejáveis sugestivos beijos acidentais, acidentais , acidentais” sexistas persistentes educativos cursos autoculpabilizamse autoculpabilizam moral gênero mentais mulheres

Sexual harassment (SH) includes sexual insinuations, threats, intimidation, physical contact and blackmail associated with patriarchy and power relations. This study analyzed accounts of female university students who experienced SH, focusing on the main characteristics of this type of abuse, individual and collective actions, and health aspects. We conducted a virtual ethnography involving the thematic analysis of the content of 24 accounts of Brazilian women on the Facebook page #MeuProfessorAbusador. The violence perpetrated by teachers consisted of touching and unwanted compliments, suggestive looks, “accidental” kisses, sexist comments, sexual joking and persistent invitations. The women reported feeling threatened and silenced in educational spaces, feeling like giving up the course, and self-blame, and suffered from moral harassment, racial and gender discrimination, and physical and mental illness. The experiences of SH indicate the need for institutional programs to tackle this problem and protect women’s rights. (SH insinuations threats intimidation relations abuse actions aspects 2 MeuProfessorAbusador #MeuProfessorAbusador compliments looks accidental “accidental kisses comments invitations spaces course selfblame, selfblame self blame, blame self-blame discrimination illness womens s rights

El acoso sexual (AS) envuelve insinuaciones, amenazas, intimidaciones, contactos físicos y chantajes asociados a las relaciones patriarcales y de poder. Análisis de los relatos de universitarias que sufrieron AS, sus configuraciones, las acciones individuales y colectivas y los relatos sobre la salud. Etnografía virtual con análisis temático de contenido de 24 declaraciones de brasileñas en Facebook, en la página #MeuProfessorAbusador. Esa violencia realizada por profesores se configura por los toqueteos y elogios no deseados, miradas sugerentes, “besos accidentales”, comentarios sexistas, chistes relacionados al sexo e invitaciones persistentes. Ellas relatan que se sienten amenazadas y silenciadas en los espacios educativos, con el deseo de desistir de los cursos, se autoculpan y sufren con el acoso moral, discriminaciones raciales y de género y enfermedades físicas y mentales. Las experiencias de AS muestran la necesidad de programas de enfrentamiento institucional para la protección de los derechos de las mujeres. (AS insinuaciones amenazas intimidaciones poder configuraciones salud 2 Facebook MeuProfessorAbusador #MeuProfessorAbusador deseados sugerentes besos accidentales, accidentales , accidentales” sexistas persistentes educativos cursos moral mentales mujeres

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate a 0.5% sodium hypochlorite (SH) protocol in reducing Candida spp. levels in complete dentures (CD) and palate and denture stomatitis (DS) remission. Material and Methods: Twelve CD wearers diagnosed with Candida-associated denture stomatitis (CADS) had their initial situation (Candida spp. levels and DS score) recorded (baseline). Then, participants were instructed to soak dentures once a day (10 minutes) in 0.5% SH. Candida spp. levels and DS scores were reassessed after 15, 30, and 60 days of SH denture cleanness. Biofilms from the denture base and palate were seeded in CHROMagar Candida. After incubation, colony-forming units were calculated. The palate was photographed at each time point, and DS was assessed according to Newton's classification. Data of Candida spp. levels were analyzed by 2-way repeated measures ANOVA followed by the Holm-Sidak test, and DS scores data were accessed by Friedman's 2-way ANOVA by ranks (α=0.05). Results: 0.5% SH significantly reduced Candida spp. levels after treatment compared to baseline (p<0.001) for both sites. Although at baseline, Candida spp. counts were higher on the denture base (p<0.001), no significant differences were observed between the collected areas within the other time points (p<0.05). Also, 0.5% SH effectively reduced clinical signs of DS after treatment (p<0.05). Conclusion: The protocol tested effectively decreased Candida spp. levels on the denture base and palatal mucosa and effectively reduced the signs of DS. Objective 05 0 5 0.5 (SH spp (CD (DS remission Methods Candidaassociated associated CADS (CADS score baseline. . (baseline) Then 10 (1 minutes 15 30 6 cleanness incubation colonyforming colony forming calculated point Newtons Newton s classification 2way way 2 HolmSidak Holm Sidak test Friedmans Friedman α=0.05. α005 α α=0.05 (α=0.05) Results p<0.001 p0001 p 001 (p<0.001 sites p<0.001, , p<0.05. p005 p<0.05 (p<0.05) Also Conclusion 0. (baseline 1 ( 3 α00 α=0.0 (α=0.05 p<0.00 p000 00 (p<0.00 p00 p<0.0 (p<0.05 α0 α=0. (α=0.0 (p<0.0 p0 p<0. α=0 (α=0. (p<0. p<0 α= (α=0 (p<0 p< (α= (p< (α (p

Resumo O objetivo deste trabalho foi quantificar os teores de carbono orgânico total (COT), carbono das substâncias húmicas (SH), e seus estoques, assim como avaliar a estabilidade estrutural do solo de áreas com diferentes formas de uso sob solo de textura franco arenosa. Amostras de solo foram coletadas em três áreas e uma área de referência: Pastagem permanente (PP), plantio direto (PD), Reserva Particular de Patrimônio Natural em processo de regeneração natural (RPPN) e área de Mata nativa (MN). Foram realizadas análises de massa da serapilheira (MS), densidade do solo (Ds), teores de COT, e estoque de C (EstC), variação do EstC (ΔEstC) e índice de estratificação (IE), fracionamento químico da matéria orgânica do solo (MOS) e determinações dos teores de C dos ácido fúlvico (C-AF), ácido húmico (C-AH) e humina (C-HUM), e seus respectivos estoques (EstC-AF, EstC-AH e EstC-HUM), ΔEstC de cada fração, extrato alcalino (EA=AF+AH), relação C-AF/C-AH e relação EA/C-HUM, além da análise de agregação, sendo determinado o diâmetro médio ponderado (DMP), diâmetro médio geométrico (DMG), índice de sensibilidade (IS) e nível de ordem (NOrd). A área de MN apresentou maior deposição de MS. As áreas de PP e PD tiveram maior Ds. Teores de COT e EstC foram superiores em RPPN, seguido de MN, sendo o IE também foi superior na área em regeneração, e a ΔEstC positiva apenas nesta área. Áreas de PD, RPPN e MN obtiveram maior proporção de C-AF comparado ao C-AH, porém a fração com maior representatividade em todas as áreas foi o C-HUM. As áreas de PP, RPPN e MN obtiveram os melhores indicadores de estabilidade de agregados, como DMP, DMG, IS e NOrd, assim como maior proporção de macroagregados, sendo a área de PD com baixa estabilidade de agregados. De maneira geral foi observada recuperação nos teores de C nos últimos anos na área de RPPN, acarretando maior estocagem de C, o que demonstra recuperação quantitativa de C no solo nesta área após quatro anos de regeneração natural. Ademais, as áreas de PP e PD apresentam menor capacidade de sequestro de C, devido principalmente as condições de manejo impostas nas áreas. , (COT) SH, SH (SH) arenosa referência (PP) (PD) (RPPN MN. . (MN) MS, MS (MS) Ds, Ds (Ds) EstC, (EstC) (ΔEstC IE, (IE) MOS (MOS CAF, CAF AF (C-AF) CAH AH (C-AH CHUM, CHUM HUM (C-HUM) EstCAF, EstCAF AF, (EstC-AF EstCAH EstCHUM, EstCHUM EstC-HUM) EA=AF+AH, EAAFAH EA=AF+AH EA (EA=AF+AH) CAF/CAH CAFCAH AF/C EA/CHUM, EACHUM EA/C HUM, EA/C-HUM agregação DMP (DMP) DMG (DMG) (IS NOrd. NOrd (NOrd) CAH, AH, C-AH CHUM. HUM. C-HUM agregados macroagregados Ademais (COT (SH (PP (PD (MN (MS (Ds (EstC (IE (C-AF (C-HUM EstC-HUM (EA=AF+AH AFC EA/CHUM EAC (DMP (DMG (NOrd

Abstract This study aimed to quantify total organic carbon (TOC), carbon of humic substances (HS), and their stocks and evaluate the soil structural stability of areas with different uses under sandy loam soil texture. Soil samples were collected from managed areas and a reference area: Permanent Pasture (PP), No-Till (NT), Private Natural Heritage Reserve in the process of natural regeneration (PNHR) and Native Forest (FN). Dry mass analysis, carbon stock quantification, chemical fractionation of soil organic matter and soil aggregation were carried out. The NF area had the highest deposition of litter mass (ML). The PP and NT areas had the highest bulk density (Bd). TOC and Stock-C contents were higher in PNHR, followed by NF, and stratification index (STRATI) was also higher in the regeneration area. The NT, PNHR, and NF areas had a higher proportion of carbon fulvic acid fraction (C-FA) than carbon humic acid fraction (C-HA), but the fraction with the highest representation in all areas was carbon humin fraction (C-HUM). The PP, PNHR, and NF areas obtained the best aggregate stability indicators, as well as a higher proportion of macroaggregates, with the NT area having low aggregate stability. Recovery of C contents was observed in recent years in the area of PNHR, leading to a greater storage of C, which shows a quantitative recovery of C in the soil in this area after four years of natural regeneration. Furthermore, the PP and NT areas present a lower capacity for C sequestration, mainly due to the management conditions. TOC, , (TOC) HS, HS (HS) texture (PP) NoTill No Till (NT) PNHR (PNHR FN. FN . (FN) analysis quantification out ML. ML (ML) Bd. Bd (Bd) StockC Stock STRATI (STRATI CFA FA (C-FA CHA, CHA HA (C-HA) CHUM. CHUM HUM (C-HUM) indicators macroaggregates Furthermore sequestration conditions (TOC (HS (PP (NT (FN (ML (Bd (C-HA (C-HUM

This study investigates the potential of Morita-Baylis-Hillman adducts derived from carvacrol as anticancer agents. The synthesis process, involving the reaction of aromatic aldehydes with carvacrol acrylate as a Michael acceptor, resulted in stable adducts with impressive yields ranging from 60 to 92%, achieved within a maximum reaction time of 24 h. Through a screening process utilizing 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) test, compound 6, identified as the acrylate/2-naphthyl adduct, emerged as the most active within the series among twelve compounds tested. Specifically, compound 6 exhibited a remarkably potent impact on neuroblastoma cell lines, particularly SH-SY5Y cells, with half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 8.7 µM after 72 h (42 times more potent than carvacrol, IC50 = 374.1 μM). The exploration of the selectivity index (SI) against normal cell lines demonstrated an outstanding SI of 4.28 compared to other compounds. Mechanistic studies on SH-SY5Y cells revealed a concentration-dependent apoptotic effect attributed to caspase 3/7 activation. In silico modeling showcased favorable pharmacokinetic properties for compound 6, including effective absorption after oral administration. Assessment of toxicity of compound 6 profile using brine shrimp and the Irwin test indicated low toxicity, highlighting its potential for future anticancer agent development. MoritaBaylisHillman Morita Baylis Hillman agents acceptor 92 92% 2 34,5dimethylthiazol2yl2,5diphenyltetrazolium 345dimethylthiazol2yl25diphenyltetrazolium dimethylthiazolyldiphenyltetrazolium 3 4,5 dimethylthiazol yl 2,5 diphenyltetrazolium 4 5 MTT (MTT acrylate/2naphthyl acrylate2naphthyl acrylatenaphthyl acrylate/2 naphthyl adduct tested Specifically SHSY5Y SHSYY SH SY5Y SY Y halfmaximal half maximal IC (IC50 87 8 7 8. 42 (4 IC5 3741 374 1 374. μM. μM . μM) (SI 428 28 4.2 concentrationdependent dependent 37 3/ activation administration development 9 34 5dimethylthiazol2yl2 5diphenyltetrazolium 45 4, 25 2, 2naphthyl acrylate2 acrylate/ SHSY SYY (IC5 ( 4. dimethylthiazolyl 5dimethylthiazol2yl (IC

Abstract The formation of biofilm on denture bases is a recurrent clinical problem that favors the development of denture stomatitis. The effectiveness of a hygiene protocol in a 3D-printed denture base resin is still uncertain. Objective To evaluate of the effectiveness of immersion, associated or not with brushing in a soap solution, on the biofilm control of a 3D-printed denture base resin. Methodology Specimens of denture base resins [Cosmos Denture (COS) and Classico (CLA/control)] were contaminated in vitro with Candida albicans and immersed in sodium hypochlorite 0.25% (SH, alkaline peroxide) AP, chlorhexidine digluconate 2% (CD or PBS-Control), associated or not with brushing with 0.78% Lifebuoy soap. Roughness was evaluated before and after brushing and immersion. The effectiveness of the protocols was assessed by CFU/mL, cellular metabolism (XTT), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and confocal scanning laser microscopy. Data were analyzed by T student, ANOVA/Welch, and Tukey/Gomes–Howell pos-hoc tests (α = 0.05). Results CLA showed greater roughness than COS. CFU/mL and XTT were higher in COS resin with a higher hyphae formation. Immersion in SH and CD eliminated CFU/mL and reduced XTT for both resins, associated or not with brushing. AP reduced CFU/mL only when associated with brushing. Conclusions The biofilm on the 3D-printed resin was thicker and presumably more pathogenic, regardless of its smoother surface. Immersions in SH 0.25% and CD 2% are effective hygiene protocols for both resins, associated or not with brushing. AP should be recommended when associated with brushing with a Lifebuoy 0.78% solution. stomatitis 3Dprinted Dprinted 3D printed D uncertain immersion solution Cosmos (COS CLA/control CLAcontrol (CLA/control) 025 0 25 0.25 SH, (SH peroxide 2 PBSControl, PBSControl PBS Control , PBS-Control) 078 78 0.78 CFUmL CFU mL XTT, (XTT) SEM, SEM (SEM) student ANOVAWelch ANOVA Welch ANOVA/Welch TukeyGomesHowell Tukey Gomes Howell poshoc pos hoc α 0.05. 005 0.05 . 05 0.05) pathogenic surface (CLA/control 02 0.2 PBS-Control 07 7 0.7 (XTT (SEM 00 0.0 0.

Abstract The aim of this work was to validate markers linked to the SH3 gene of coffee leaf rust (CLR) resistance and use them in assisted selection. Initially, we validated the markers in genotypes already known to carry SH3. Next, we performed phenotype and genotype evaluation for resistance to CLR in coffee plants growing under field conditions. We used Arabica coffee progenies derived from BA-10, which carries the SH3 gene due to introgression of C. liberica. Three SCAR markers (SP-M16-SH3, BA-48-21O-f, and BA-124-12K-f) and one SSR marker (Sat244) linked to SH3 gene were used to amplify the coffee plants’ DNA. Our assessments of markers validation in resistant genotypes, SP-M16-SH3 and BA-124-12K-f, were efficient to identify the SH3 gene. These two markers were used to evaluate the progenies derived from BA-10 and were significantly linked to the phenotype evaluations. The SP-M16-SH3 marker was more efficient, with the advantage of being codominant. SH (CLR selection Initially Next conditions BA10, BA10 BA 10, 10 C liberica SPM16SH3, SPM16SH3 SPMSH SP M16 SH3, M (SP-M16-SH3 BA4821Of, BA4821Of BAOf 48 21O f, f O BA-48-21O-f BA12412Kf BAKf 124 12K K BA-124-12K-f Sat244 Sat (Sat244 DNA SP-M16-SH BA12412Kf, BA-1 evaluations codominant BA1 1 SPM SPM16SH M1 (SP-M16-SH Of 4 Kf 12 Sat24 (Sat24 BA- Sat2 (Sat2 (Sat

Abstract Background: Echinometra lucunter is a sea urchin commonly found on America’s rocky shores. Its coelomic fluid contains molecules used for defense and biological processes, which may have therapeutic potential for the treatment of amyloid-based neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's, that currently have few drug options available. Methods: In this study, we incubated E. lucunter coelomic fluid (ELCF) and fractions obtained by solid phase extraction in SH-SY5Y neuron-like cells to evaluate their effect on cell viability caused by the oligomerized amyloid peptide 42 (Aβ42o). Moreover, the Aβ42o was quantified after the incubation with ELCF fractions in the presence or not of cells, to evaluate if samples could cause amyloid peptide disaggregation. Antioxidant activity was determined in ELCF fractions, and cells were evaluated to check the oxidative stress after incubation with samples. The most relevant fraction was analyzed by mass spectrometry for identification of molecules. Results: ELCF and certain fractions could prevent and treat the reduction of cell viability caused by Aβ42o in SH-SY5Y neuron-like cells. We found that one fraction (El50) reduced the oligomerized Aβ42 and the oxidative stress caused by the amyloid peptide through its antioxidant molecules, which in turn reduced cell death. Mass spectrometry analysis revealed that El50 comprises small molecules containing flavonoid antioxidants, such as phenylpyridazine and dihydroquercetin, and two peptides. Conclusion: Our results suggest that sea urchin molecules may interact with Aβ42o and oxidative stress, preventing or treating neurotoxicity, which may be useful in treating dementia. Background Americas America s shores processes amyloidbased based diseases Alzheimers, Alzheimers Alzheimer s, Alzheimer's available Methods study E (ELCF SHSY5Y SHSYY SH SY5Y SY Y neuronlike neuron like 4 Aβ42o. Aβo . Aβ o (Aβ42o) Moreover disaggregation Results El (El50 Aβ4 death El5 antioxidants dihydroquercetin peptides Conclusion neurotoxicity dementia SHSY SYY (Aβ42o (El5 (El

Resumo As transformações de habitações têm sido estudadas ao longo dos anos. Muitos estudos sobre Avaliações Pós-Ocupação (APOs) evidenciam a ocorrência de alterações iniciadas pelos usuários em Habitações de Interesse Social (HIS) no Brasil. Estas transformações têm objetivos específicos, tais como: adição de espaço, remodelação e melhoria, ou upgrading. Entretanto, as condições resultantes dessas transformações nem sempre são positivas, e podem afetar o bem-estar dos usuários por meio de perdas no conforto ambiental. Um estudo crítico desenvolvido a partir de uma Revisão Sistemática de Literatura (RSL) analisou quarenta e sete pesquisas para entender quais necessidades e requisitos estimulam melhorias em HIS, e como as transformações impactam o bem-estar. Além disso, a análise foi aprofundada para se avaliar aspectos de conforto ambiental, segurança, projeto, layout e aspectos econômicos que afetam o bem-estar das pessoas, e melhoram sua qualidade de vida. Os resultados contribuem para apoiar os processos de upgrading de HIS existentes, e pode orientar o aprimoramento o design de novos projetos de HIS com base nas necessidades de bem-estar e requisitos das famílias de baixa renda.

Abstract Housing transformations have been studied over time. Numerous Post-Occupancy-Evaluation (POE) studies reveal user-initiated alterations occurring in Brazilian Social Housing (SH). These transformations have specific objectives, such as additional space, refurbishment, and improvement, or upgrading. However, results of transformations are not always positive, and may affect dwellers’ well-being through losses in environmental comfort. A critical investigation using the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method analysed forty-seven studies to understand what needs and requirements stimulate SH projects' upgrading and how transformations impact well-being. In addition, an in-depth analysis was made to assess aspects of environmental comfort, safety, design, layout and economic aspects that affect people’s well-being, and improve their quality of life. Results contribute to supporting upgrading processes of existing SH and to guide the improved design of new SH projects based on the desires and well-being requirements of low-income families.

SUMMARY: High-intensity physical exercises can cause oxidative stress and muscle damage. Several medicinal plants have been used as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agents. The present study evaluated high-intensity resistance exercise (HIRE) associated with Schinus Terebentifholius ethanolic extract (EE) on oxidative parameters and muscle damage in Wistar rats. Animals were divided into 04 groups (n=10/group): 1. Control (CG) - animals that did not undergo HIRE and were treated with vehicle (distilled water, orally); 2. Acute exercise (AE) - animals submitted to acute exercise session; 3. Exercise + vehicle (EV) - animals that underwent HIRE and were treated with vehicle and 4. Exercise + extract (EX) animals administered with Schinus terebenthifolius EE (100mg/Kg, orally) and submitted to the exercise session. Schinus terebenthifolius EE showed high in vitro antioxidant activity (13.88 ± 0.36 mg/mL). Before the experimental period, lactate was measured at pre and post moments of AE (p<0.0001) and EX (p<0.0001) groups. After the acute session, the following were evaluated: oxidative stress {malondialdehyde (MDA), sulfhydryl groups (SH) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP)}, muscle damage (creatine kinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST). In the in vivo analyses of the EX group compared to AE and EV groups, respectively: hepatic (MDA: p<0.0001 and SH: p=0.0033, in both; FRAP: p=0.0011 and p=0.0047), muscle (MDA, SH and FRAP: p<0.0001, in both; CK: p=0.0001 and p<0.0001; LDH: p<0.0001, in both), serum levels (MDA: p=0.0003, p=0.0012, SH: p=0.0056, p=0.0200, FRAP: p=0.0017 and p=0.0165) were significant. There was no significant difference in ALT and AST markers. It could be concluded that Schinus terebenthifolius EE associated with HIRE attenuated oxidative stress and muscle damage in rats.

RESUMEN: Los ejercicios físicos de alta intensidad pueden causar estrés oxidativo y daño muscular. Varias plantas medicinales se han utilizado como agentes antioxidantes y antiinflamatorios. El presente estudio evaluó el ejercicio de resistencia de alta intensidad (HIRE) asociado con el extracto etanólico (EE) de Schinus terebentifholius sobre los parámetros oxidativos y el daño muscular en ratas Wistar. Los animales se dividieron en 4 grupos (n=10/grupo): 1. Control (GC) - animales que no se sometieron a HIRE y fueron tratados con vehículo (agua destilada, por vía oral); 2. Ejercicio agudo (AE) - animales sometidos a sesión de ejercicio agudo; 3. Ejercicio + vehículo (EV) - animales que se sometieron a HIRE y fueron tratados con vehículo y 4. Ejercicio + extracto (EX) animales administrados con Schinus terebenthifolius EE (100 mg/kg, por vía oral) y sometidos a la sesión de ejercicio. Schinus terebenthifolius EE mostró una alta actividad antioxidante in vitro (13,88 ± 0,36 mg/mL). Antes del período experimental, se midió el lactato en los momentos pre y post de los grupos AE (p<0,0001) y EX (p<0,0001). Tras la sesión aguda, se evaluaron: el estrés oxidativo malondialdehído (MDA), grupos sulfhidrilo (SH) y poder antioxidante reductor férrico (FRAP), daño muscular (creatina quinasa (CK) y lactato deshidrogenasa (LDH)), alanina aminotransferasa (ALT) y aspartato aminotransferasa (AST). En los análisis in vivo del grupo EX frente a los grupos AE y EV, respectivamente: hepático (MDA: p<0,0001 y SH: p=0,0033, en ambos; FRAP: p=0,0011 y p=0,0047), muscular (MDA, SH y FRAP: p<0,0001, en ambos; CK: p=0,0001 y p<0,0001; LDH: p<0,0001, en ambos), niveles séricos (MDA: p=0,0003, p=0,0012, SH: p=0,0056, p=0,0200, FRAP: p=0,0017 y p=0,0165) fueron significativas. No hubo diferencia significativa en los marcadores ALT y AST. Se podría concluir que Schinus terebenthifolius EE asociado con HIRE atenuó el estrés oxidativo y el daño muscular en ratas.

SUMMARY: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of six weeks of HIIT on tissue and oxidative damage markers in rats supplemented with Coutoubea spicata fraction. Thirty-two male Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups: Baseline (GB); supplemented with 100 mg/kg of Coutoubea spicata fraction (GSCS); exercised for 6 weeks with the HIIT protocol (GH); supplemented with 100 mg/kg of Coutoubea spicata fraction + HIIT for 6 weeks (GHCS). Exercised animals performed the HIIT protocol (2 x 2). Tissue damage CK, LDH, ALT and AST markers in plasma were analyzed, as well as oxidative stress MDA and SH biomarkers in plasma and in cardiac, hepatic and muscle tissues. The results showed that CK, LDH, AST and ALT enzymes showed increase in GH when compared to GB (p<0.0001). However, CK, AST and ALT markers reduced their concentrations in GHCS when compared to GH (p<0.0001), indicating that Coutoubea spicata supplementation attenuated the damage in muscle and liver tissues induced by HIIT. Plasma, liver and muscle MDA showed increase in GH after HIIT sessions; however, when compared to GHCS, it showed reduced levels (p<0.0001). SH was elevated in the GH group when compared to GB in plasma and liver tissues (p<0.0001); in contrast, reduction in GHCS when compared to GH was observed in plasma, liver and cardiac tissues, demonstrating the redox effect of HIIT on some tissues. Thus, our findings showed that Coutoubea spicata has antioxidant activity, reducing oxidative damage markers and consequently tissue damage in healthy Wistar rats after HIIT protocol, but it also demonstrated redox balance after analyzing oxidative stress markers.

RESUMEN: Este estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar los efectos de HIIT en los marcadores de daño tisular y oxidativo en ratas suplementadas con Coutoubea spicata durante seis semanas. Treinta y dos ratas Wistar macho se dividieron en 4 grupos: línea de base (GB); suplementados con 100 mg/kg de fracción de Coutoubea spicata (GSCS); ejercitados durante 6 semanas con el protocolo HIIT (GH); suplementado con 100 mg/kg de fracción de Coutoubea spicata + HIIT durante 6 semanas (GHCS). Los animales ejercitados realizaron el protocolo HIIT (2x2). Se analizaron los marcadores de daño tisular CK, LDH, ALT y AST en plasma, así como los biomarcadores de estrés oxidativo MDA y SH en plasma y en tejidos cardiaco, hepático y muscular. Los resultados indicaron que las enzimas CK, LDH, AST y ALT mostraron aumento en GH en comparación con GB (p<0,0001). Sin embargo, los marcadores CK, AST y ALT redujeron sus concentraciones en GHCS en comparación con GH (p<0,0001), lo que indica que la suplementación con Coutoubea spicata atenuó el daño en los tejidos musculares y hepáticos inducido por HIIT. La MDA de plasma, hígado y músculo mostró un aumento en la GH después de las sesiones de HIIT; sin embargo, en comparación con GHCS, mostró niveles reducidos (p<0,0001). Se observó SH elevado en el grupo de GH en comparación con GB en plasma y tejidos hepáticos (p<0,0001); en contraste, se observó una reducción en GHCS en comparación con GH en plasma, hígado y tejidos cardíacos, lo que demuestra el efecto redox de HIIT en algunos tejidos. Por lo tanto, nuestros hallazgos mostraron que Coutoubea spicata tiene actividad antioxidante, con reducción de los marcadores de daño oxidativo y, en consecuencia, el daño tisular en ratas Wistar sanas después del protocolo HIIT, pero además demostró el equilibrio redox después de analizar los marcadores de estrés oxidativo.

ABSTRACT Anatomical, physiological, and biochemical analyses have been performed to predict graft compatibility. We analyzed if the concentrations of auxins, jasmonic acid, gibberellins, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid, zeatin (cytokinin), salicylic acid, and abscisic acid could be used as predictors of compatibility between the rootstocks FOX1 and FOX4 (resistant to Fusarium wilt) and the scion of cherry tomatoes Sweet Heaven (SH). Self-grafted (SH/SH) and ungrafted SH plants (SH) were used as controls. Hormonal analyses were performed on leaves, at 20 and 70 days after grafting (DAG), and roots, at 20 DAG. No expressive concentrations of auxins, gibberellins, or jasmonic acid were detected. The concentrations of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid, the immediate precursor of ethylene, and zeatin were altered at 20 DAG, but they stabilized at 70 DAG. Salicylic acid levels were reduced in the leaves of grafted plants at 70 DAG. The concentration of abscisic acid (ABA) in the leaves of SH grafted onto FOX1 was higher than in ungrafted and self-grafted plants at 70 DAG, suggesting some degree of incompatibility between these genotypes. The concentration of ABA in the combination FOX4/SH was similar to that in the self-grafted plants. Abscisic acid might be used as a reference phytohormone to predict graft compatibility among tomato genotypes.

RESUMO A alta precisão na estimativa do volume de madeira em florestas tropicais é necessária para apoiar o manejo sustentável. Os scanners a laser terrestres (TLS) podem fornecer estimativas de alta qualidade a partir de variáveis estruturais de árvores. Comparamos estimativas de variáveis do fuste obtidas por TLS e métodos tradicionais em nível de árvore e equações de volume ajustadas usando dados para uma floresta semidecídua sazonal secundária (Mata Atlântica). Também discutimos a viabilidade do TLS em fragmentos florestais hiperdiversos e secundários. Medições tradicionais (Método I) e medidas baseadas em TLS (Método II) foram realizadas em 29 árvores pertencentes a 10 espécies. Foram geradas equações de volume baseadas nos modelos de Schumacher e Hall (SH) e Spurr. O DAP (diâmetro à altura do peito) foi igual para ambos os métodos. A altura total foi superestimada pelo Método II, e a altura comercial apresentou baixa correlação entre os dois métodos. As equações volumétricas ajustadas foram diferentes para ambos os métodos, e aquelas baseadas no modelo de volume SH apresentaram o melhor ajuste. Nossos resultados nos levam a inferir que em florestas secundárias hiperdiversas, as variáveis estruturais das árvores devem ser obtidas via TLS. No entanto, atenção deve ser dada à oclusão das árvores alvo pelo sub-bosque em regeneração e às estimativas de altura, que podem ser influenciadas pelas características da copa das espécies dominantes.

ABSTRACT High accuracy in timber volume estimation in tropical forests is required to support sustainable management. Terrestrial laser scanners (TLS) can provide high-quality estimates from tree structural variables. We compared stem variable estimations obtained by TLS and traditional methods at tree level and adjusted volume equations using data of a secondary seasonal semideciduous forest (Atlantic Forest). We also discuss the feasibility of TLS in hyperdiverse and secondary forest fragments. Traditional measurements (Method I) and TLS-based measurements (Method II) were performed on 29 trees belonging to 10 species. Volume equations based on the Schumacher and Hall (SH) and Spurr models were generated. DBH (diameter at breast height) was equal for both methods. Total height (TH) was overestimated by Method II, and commercial height (CH) showed a low correlation between the two methods. The adjusted volumetric equations were different for both methods, and those based on the SH volume model showed the best fit. Our results lead us to infer that in hyperdiverse secondary forests, tree structural variables should be obtained via TLS. However, attention should be given to the occlusion of target trees by the regenerating understory and to height estimates, which can be biased by the crown characteristics of the dominant species.

RESUMO Introdução: O treinamento intervalado de alta intensidade (HIIT) é um método muito utilizado atualmente. Objetivo: O presente estudo objetivou avaliar os efeitos do HIIT em curto prazo sobre marcadores de estresse oxidativo e dano muscular em ratos. Métodos: A amostra consistiu em ratos Wistar com 60 dias de idade, divididos em dois grupos: grupo controle (n = 8) e grupo HIIT (n = 8). O treinamento consistiu em quatorze sessões de natação de 20 segundos (com cargas equivalentes a 14% do peso corporal) com intervalos de 10 segundos entre cada sessão, realizadas por 12 dias consecutivos. Resultados: O HIIT induziu uma redução (-17,75%) das substâncias reativas ao ácido tiobarbitúrico (um marcador de estresse oxidativo) no tecido hepático (p = 0,0482). Houve também redução (-31,80%) no grupo HIIT no nível de enzima superóxido dismutase no fígado (p = 0,0375). No entanto, não houve diferenças entre os grupos com relação a catalase, glutationa peroxidase, glutationa redutase, teor total de sulfidrilas SH, hidroperóxidos ou proteínas carboniladas no tecido hepático. Nenhuma diferença significativa foi encontrada em qualquer um desses mascadores no músculo gastrocnêmio. Os marcadores de lesão muscular, creatinina quinase e lactato desidrogenase, também foram semelhantes entre os grupos no gastrocnêmio. Conclusão: Foi possível concluir que o HIIT de curta duração não causa estresse oxidativo ou dano muscular. Nível de evidência I; Estudo clínico randomizado de alta qualidade com ou sem diferença estatisticamente significante, mas com intervalos de informação estreitos.

ABSTRACT Introduction: High intensity interval training (HIIT) is a method that is widely used today. Objective: The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of HIIT on markers of oxidative stress and muscle damage in rats. Methods: The sample consisted of 60-day-old Wistar rats, divided into two groups: a control group (n=8) and an HIIT group (n=8). The training consisted of fourteen 20-second swimming sessions (loaded with weights equivalent to 14% of their body weight) with 10-second intervals between each session, performed for 12 consecutive days. Results: HIIT induced a reduction (−17.75%) in thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (an oxidative stress marker) in hepatic tissue (p=0.0482). There was also a reduction (−31.80%) in the HIIT group in the level of superoxide dismutase enzyme activity in the liver (p=0.0375). However, there were no differences between the groups in catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, the total content of SH sulfhydryls, hydroperoxides, or carbonylated proteins in the hepatic tissue. No significant differences were found in any of these markers in the gastrocnemius muscle. The muscle damage markers creatinine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase were also similar between the groups in the gastrocnemius. Conclusion: The conclusion was that that short-term HIIT does not cause oxidative stress or muscle damage. Level of evidence I; High-quality randomized clinical trial with or without statistically significant difference, but with narrow confidence intervals.

RESUMEN Introducción: El entrenamiento en intervalos de alta intensidad (HIIT) es un método muy utilizado actualmente. Objetivo: El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar los efectos del HIIT en corto plazo sobre marcadores de estrés oxidativo y daño muscular en ratones. Métodos: La muestra consistió en ratones Wistar con 60 días de edad, divididos en dos grupos: grupo control (n = 8) y grupo HIIT (n = 8). El entrenamiento consistió en catorce sesiones de natación de 20 segundos (con cargas equivalentes a 14% del peso corporal) con intervalos de 10 segundos entre cada sesión, realizadas durante 12 días consecutivos. Resultados: El HIIT indujo una reducción (-17,75%) de las sustancias reactivas al ácido tiobarbitúrico (un marcador de estrés oxidativo) en el tejido hepático (p = 0,0482). También hubo reducción (~31,80%) en el grupo HIIT en el nivel de enzima superóxido dismutasa en el hígado (p=0,0375). Sin embargo, no hubo diferencias entre los grupos con relación a catalasa, glutatión peroxidasa, glutatión reductasa, tenor total de sulfhidrilos SH, hidroperóxidos o proteínas carboniladas en el tejido hepático. No fue encontrada ninguna diferencia significativa en ninguno de esos marcadores en el músculo gastrocnemio. Los marcadores de lesión muscular, creatinina quinasa y lactato deshidrogenasa también fueron similares entre los grupos en el gastrocnemio. Conclusión: Fue posible concluir que el HIIT de corta duración no causa estrés oxidativo o daño muscular. Nivel de evidencia I; Estudio clínico aleatorizado de alta calidad con o sin diferencia estadísticamente significativa, pero con intervalos de información estrechos.