Pesquisa | SciELO

Abstract Objective: To investigate the effects of different physical exercise programs and polymorphisms of the FTO (fat mass and obesity-associated gene) on body composition and cardiovascular risk factors in adolescents with overweight and obesity. Methods: A randomized, parallel, double-blind clinical trial consisting of the adolescent overweight from the state public network, in a simple representative random sample, who participated in an aerobic exercise or weight training intervention for 10 weeks. Anthropometry, body composition, biochemical markers, sexual maturation, and rs9939609 polymorphism in the FTO gene were assessed. 347 adolescents had their characterization of nutritional status. 72 individuals with overweight and obesity were invited to participate. 39 remained for the start of the program and were randomly allocated to both types of intervention. In the end, 26 subjects participated in the intervention programs, with 12 and 14 in the aerobic and weight training programs, respectively. Results: Heterozygous and homozygous bearers of risk allele A participating in the aerobic program showed improvements in glycemia (p = 0.002) and total cholesterol (p = 0.023) and a reduction in body fat mass (p = 0.041). The weight training program reduced glycemia in patients with the risk allele A (p = 0.027). Cameron’s stage four sexual maturation participants were 2.1 times more likely to improve their body fat (CI = 1.31–3.39). Conclusion: Aerobic exercises produced exclusively a significant decrease in fat mass and total cholesterol in patients with risk allele A. Distinct physical exercise programs may cause diverse changes in risk variables related to the health of adolescents.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jped.2022.07.004

Virtual Screening Based on Ligand and Structure with in vitro Assessment of Neolignans against Trypanosoma cruzi
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Maia, Mayara S.

; Andrade, Rodrigo S.

; Sousa, Julyanne M. S.

; Sousa, Natália F.

; Rodrigues, Gabriela C. S.

; Menezes, Renata P. B.

; Silva, Marcelo S.

; Tavares, Josean F.

; Rodrigues, Klinger A. F.

; Scotti, Luciana

; Scotti, Marcus T.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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Mar 2023, Volume 34 Nº 3 Páginas 346 - 365

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Chagas disease, caused by the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, occurs most commonly in Latin America. As the treatment is highly toxic and ineffective in the chronic phase of the disease, alternative treatments are needed. Through quantitative structure-activity relationship modeling (QSAR) analysis using ligand-based and structure-based virtual screening methods, we predicted the trypanocidal potential of 47 neolignans against three targets, the enzymes cruzain, trypanothione reductase, and sterol 14-alpha demethylase. A combined analysis allowed for the selection of potent inhibitors against Trypanosoma cruzi. Of these compounds, two were isolated and shown to inhibit the growth of epimastigotes at concentrations of 9.64 and 8.72 µM, and trypomastigote forms at 4.88 and 2.73 µM. Therefore, the compounds (2R, 3R)-2,3-dihydro-2 (4 methoxyphenyl)-3-methyl-5-(E)-propenylbenzofuran (46) and ottomentosa (47) may be a good option of growth inhibitors for the parasite stages and warrant additional study.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20220113

Phenotypic plasticity in Copaifera langsdorffii Desf. in different forest fragments in São Paulo state, Brazil
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SIQUEIRA, MARCOS VINICIUS B.M.

; SILVÉRIO, GIOVANA HENRIQUE

; CARLOS, JULIANA S.

; TOLEDO, JAYÇA A.M.

; SILVA, CLEBER JOSÉ DA

; PAULA-SOUZA, JULIANA DE

; GALASTRI, NATÁLIA A.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2023, Volume 95 Nº 1 elocation e20210541

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Forest fragments are susceptible to environmental shifts and this demands high phenotypic plasticity of the species growing in these areas. In this context, the objective of the present work was to study the phenotypic plasticity of copaíba (Copaifera langsdorffii Desf.) based on morphological and anatomical metrics of the leaflets of plants from six forest fragments. The leaflets of C. langsdorffii individuals of the different fragments did not show qualitative differences, nonetheless, they demonstrated quantitative plasticity. Stomatal density (p = 0.017), specific leaf area (p = 0.009), palisade parenchyma (p = 0.008) and relative water content (p = 0.002), indicated a high luminous, water and nutritional influence on the development of leaflets. Based on the dry mass of the leaflets and the thickness of the palisade parenchyma, the principal component analysis explained 57.43% of the differences found between the variables. The data presented here provides evidence of the phenotypic plasticity of C. langsdorffii which, although occurring in similar soils, showed significant quantitative differences in its morphoanatomical characters.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202320210541

Enfermedad relacionada a IgG4. Serie clínica de pacientes chilenos
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Cuéllar, María C.

; Gutiérrez, Miguel

; Herrera, Alejandra

; Elgueta, Fabián

; Wurmann, Pamela

; Badilla, Natalia

; Mansilla, Bellanides

; Basualdo, Javier

; Vega, Jorge

; Erlij, Daniel

; Labarca, Cristian

; Vergara, Cristian

; Mezzano, Verónica

; Méndez, Ignacio

; Stange, Lilith

; Michalland, Susana

; Silva, Francisco

; Jara, Aquiles

; Goecke, Annelise

; Burgos, Paula

; Iruretagoyena, Mirentxu

; Fernández, Cristina

; Landeros, Carolina

; Neira, Óscar

Revista médica de Chile

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Jun 2022, Volume 150 Nº 6 Páginas 705 - 710

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Background: IgG4-related disease (IgG4 RD) is an immune-mediated fibro-inflammatory disorder, with tissue infiltration of IgG4+ plasma cells. It causes pseudotumors, tumors, and a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations. Aim: To report the clinical, laboratory, histopathological and treatment characteristics of a group of Chilean patients with IgG4 RD. Material and Methods: Review of medical records of 52 patients aged 18 to 76 years with IgG4 RD seen at six medical centers. Results: Elevated IgG4 serum levels (> 135 mg/dl) were found in 18 of 44 (41%) patients. There was histological confirmation of the disease in 46 patients. The most common sites of involvement were lungs, eyes and kidneys. Eighteen (35%) patients had only one organ involved, 34 (65%) patients had two organs and 13 (25%) patients had three or more organs. The involvement of two organs was significantly more common in men (p < 0.05). In patients with only one organ involvement, the most frequent location was orbital and meningeal. All patients with kidney or lung disease had multiorgan involvement. All patients received corticosteroid therapy, 67% synthetic immunosuppressants, and 16% rituximab. Conclusions: ER-IgG4 can affect any tissue. Multiorgan involvement was more common in this series, with preference for lungs, eyes and kidneys. An excellent response to steroids is characteristic of the disease, but with a high relapse rate that requires additional immunosuppression.

Schools reopening and the COVID-19 pandemic: a case study from Macaé, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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POZZOBON, ALLAN P. B.

; PETRY, ANA C.

; ZILBERBERG, CARLA

; BARROS, CINTIA M. DE

; NEPOMUCENO-SILVA, JOSÉ L.

; FEITOSA, NATÁLIA M.

; GOMES NETO, LUPIS R.

; RODRIGUES, BRUNO C.

; BRINDEIRO, RODRIGO M.

; NOCCHI, KEITY JAQUELINE C.V.

; MURY, FLAVIA B.

; SOUZA-MENEZES, JACKSON DE

; SILVA, MANUELA L. DA

; MEDEIROS, MARCIO JOSÉ DE

; GESTINARI, RAQUEL S.

; ALVARENGA, ALESSANDRA S. DE

; SILVA, CARINA A.O.

; SANTOS, DANIELE G. DOS

; SILVESTRE, DIEGO HENRIQUE

; SOUSA, GRAZIELE F. DE

; ALMEIDA, JANIMAYRI F. DE

; SILVA, JHENIFER N. DA

; BRANDÃO, LAYZA M.

; DRUMMOND, LEANDRO O.

; CARPES, RAPHAEL M.

; SANTOS, RENATA C. DOS

; PORTAL, TAYNAN M.

; TANURI, AMILCAR

; NUNES-DA-FONSECA, RODRIGO

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2022, Volume 94 elocation e20211361

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Since the first reported case of COVID-19 in Brazil, the public and private educational system started to close. Up to November 2020, scientific discussions about the return of schooling activities have been rarely performed by the national scientific community and police-makers. The great delay of school returning in Brazil contrasts with successful international strategies of school reopening worldwide and seems counterintuitive with the reopening of non-essential activities. Here, important issues to be considered before and during school reopening are reviewed and discussed. COVID-19 testing is essential to avoid disease spreading, but high cost of individual RT-qPCRs impairs an extensive testing strategy for school returning. To reduce costs and increase the speed of diagnosis, we tested the efficiency of a pooled-sample PCR strategy in a cohort of the educational staff in the city of Macaé/RJ, finding five asymptomatic individuals (0,66%) among the 754 people tested. Thus, a polled-sample PCR testing strategy of the educational staff might prevent infection spreading in schools at a reasonable cost. We discuss how our test strategy could be coupled with internationally recognized safety rules to allow for a safe school return and how countries from different world regions are dealing with educational activities during COVID-19 pandemic.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202220211361

Cecropia pachystachya Trécul: a promising ingredient for skin-whitening cosmetics
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Freitas, Pedro Henrique Santos de

; Conegundes, Jéssica Leiras Mota

; Evangelista, Monique de Rezende

; Almeida, Maycon Alcântara de

; Silva, Natália Prado da

; Tavares, Guilherme Diniz

; Vilela, Fernanda Maria Pinto

; Duque, Ana Paula do Nascimento

; Ribeiro, Antônia

; Scio, Elita

Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

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2022, Volume 58 elocation e21154

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Because it promotes the lightening of pigment spots, tyrosinase inhibition is one of the mechanisms of depigmenting cosmetic products. Considering the adverse effects produced by synthetic depigmenting actives, the search for new therapeutic options is desirable, and plant extracts are possible candidates for hyperpigmentation treatment. Glycolic extracts of Cecropia pachystachya Trécul are, therefore, the focus of this study. Its chemical characterization, antioxidant activity, tyrosinase inhibition, and cell viability were evaluated. Glycolic extracts were obtained by macerating the leaves of C. pachystachya in grain alcohol and glycerin or propylene glycol. Both had a similar chemical constitution, the glycerin being more efficient in concentrating phenolic compounds and flavonoids. Analyses by UHPLC-MS detected quinic acid, chlorogenic acid isomers, proanthocyanidin dimers type B and C, catechin/epicatechin, orientin/isoorientin, isoorientin 2”-O-xyloside, vitexin/isovitexin, and rutin. 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid was then quantified was then quantified, with predominance in the extract produced with propylene glycol. These extracts showed a high antioxidant capacity by the method of DPPH, β-carotene, and nitric oxide. As for depigmenting activity, both extracts were able to inhibit tyrosinase. Cell viability assay also revealed that the extracts could safely be used in concentrations of ≤ 125 µg/mL. Thus, this study demonstrated for the first time that the glycolic extracts of C. pachystachya have promising chemical and biological characteristics for the development of a multifunctional cosmetic with antioxidant and tyrosinase-inhibition activities.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s2175-97902022e21154

Avaliação de políticas de combate à pobreza no Brasil: aplicação do método de Controle Sintético Generalizado para o Fecop no Ceará
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Silva, Vitor Hugo Miro C.

; Mariano, Francisca Zilânia

; Campêlo, Guaracyane Lima

; França, Natália Cecilia de

; França, João Mário Santos de

; Firmiano, Marília Rodrigues

Nova Economia

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Jan 2021, Volume 31 Nº 1 Páginas 273 - 302

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo O objetivo deste artigo é estimar o impacto da criação do Fundo Estadual de Combate à Pobreza (FECOP), em 2003, sobre indicadores de pobreza no Ceará. A aplicação empírica diferencia-se pelo uso do método de Controle Sintético Generalizado, recentemente desenvolvido por Xu (2017). Com dados em nível estadual para o período de 1981 a 2014, os resultados indicam um impacto estatisticamente significativo do FECOP sobre a redução da pobreza e extrema pobreza no Ceará a partir de 2008. Adicionalmente, realizou-se uma análise comparativa dos estados utilizados na simulação do controle sintético com o Ceará, no que diz respeito ao número e valor total de benefícios do Programa Bolsa Família. O intuito é apresentar evidências de que os efeitos encontrados não estão sendo afetados pelos repasses do programa federal.

Abstract The objective of this study is to estimate the impact of the creation of the State Fund to Combat Poverty (FECOP) in 2003 on poverty indicators in Ceará. The empirical application is distinguished by the use of the Generalized Synthetic Control method recently developed by Xu (2017). With state-level data for the period 1981 to 2014, the results indicate a statistically significant impact of FECOP on poverty and extreme poverty reduction in Ceará starting in 2008. Additionally, a comparative analysis of states composing the synthetic control for Ceará was carried out, regarding the number and total value of benefits of the Program Bolsa Família. The purpose is to present evidence that the effects found are not being affected by federal program transfers.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-6351/5449 250 downloads

RPS Brazilian Birth Cohorts Consortium (Ribeirão Preto, Pelotas and São Luís): history, objectives and methods
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Confortin, Susana Cararo

; Ribeiro, Marizélia Rodrigues Costa

; Barros, Aluísio J. D.

; Menezes, Ana Maria Baptista

; Horta, Bernardo L.

; Victora, Cesar Gomes

; Barros, Fernando C.

; Gonçalves, Helen

; Bettiol, Heloisa

; Santos, Iná Silva dos

; Barbieri, Marco Antonio

; Saraiva, Maria da Conceição Pereira

; Alves, Maria Teresa Seabra Soares de Britto e

; Silveira, Mariângela Freitas da

; Domingues, Marlos Rodrigues

; Lima, Natália Peixoto

; Rocha, Paulo Ricardo Higassiaraguti

; Cavalli, Ricardo Carvalho

; Batista, Rosângela Fernandes Lucena

; Cardoso, Viviane Cunha

; Simões, Vanda Maria Ferreira

; Silva, Antônio Augusto Moura da

Cadernos de Saúde Pública

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2021, Volume 37 Nº 4 elocation e00093320

Resumo: Pt En Es | Texto: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Resumo: O artigo descreve a história, objetivos e métodos utilizados pelas nove coortes do Consórcio RPS de Coortes de Nascimento. São identificados eixos temáticos comuns, com apresentação dos objetivos, anos de linha de base, fases de seguimento e representatividade das populações de estudo. O Consórcio inclui três coortes de nascimento de Ribeirão Preto, Estado de São Paulo (1978/1979, 1994 e 2010), quatro de Pelotas, Estado do Rio Grande do Sul (1982, 1993, 2004 e 2015) e duas de São Luís, Estado do Maranhão (1997 e 2010). As coortes provêm de três regiões do Brasil, de três estados diferentes, com importantes diferenças socioeconômicas, culturais e de infraestrutura. As coortes foram iniciadas ao nascer dos participantes, exceto a mais recente em cada município, onde as mães foram recrutadas durante a gestação. Os instrumentos para a coleta de dados foram refinados para aproximar diferentes exposições na primeira infância e a influência, a longo prazo, no processo saúde-doença. Os investigadores das nove coortes realizaram estudos perinatais e depois examinaram o capital humano, saúde mental, nutrição e sinais percursores de doenças crônicas. Um total de 17.636 nascidos vivos foram recrutados em Ribeirão Preto, 19.669 em Pelotas e 7.659 em São Luís. Nas coortes que foram iniciadas durante a gestação, foram entrevistadas 1.400 gestantes em Ribeirão Preto, 3.199 em Pelotas e 1.447 em São Luís. Foram utilizadas diferentes estratégias para reduzir as perdas de seguimento. A rede de pesquisa do Consórcio permite analisar a incidência de doenças e identificar possíveis relações causais que podem explicar os desfechos de saúde nessas populações e contribuir para o desenvolvimento de medidas públicas e políticas de saúde que estejam mais de acordo com as respectivas realidades.

Abstract: This paper describes the history, objectives and methods used by the nine Brazilian cohorts of the RPS Brazilian Birth Cohorts Consortium (Ribeirão Preto, Pelotas and São Luís) Common thematic axes are identified and the objectives, baseline periods, follow-up stages and representativity of the population studied are presented. The Consortium includes three birth cohorts from Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo State (1978/1979, 1994 and 2010), four from Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul State (1982, 1993, 2004 and 2015), and two from São Luís, Maranhão State (1997 and 2010). The cohorts cover three regions of Brazil, from three distinct states, with marked socioeconomic, cultural and infrastructure differences. The cohorts were started at birth, except for the most recent one in each municipality, where mothers were recruited during pregnancy. The instruments for data collection have been refined in order to approach different exposures during the early phases of life and their long-term influence on the health-disease process. The investigators of the nine cohorts carried out perinatal studies and later studied human capital, mental health, nutrition and precursor signs of noncommunicable diseases. A total of 17,636 liveborns were recruited in Ribeirão Preto, 19,669 in Pelotas, and 7,659 in São Luís. In the studies starting during pregnancy, 1,400 pregnant women were interviewed in Ribeirão Preto, 3,199 in Pelotas, and 1,447 in São Luís. Different strategies were employed to reduce losses to follow-up. This research network allows the analysis of the incidence of diseases and the establishment of possible causal relations that might explain the health outcomes of these populations in order to contribute to the development of governmental actions and health policies more consistent with reality.

Resumen: El trabajo describe la historia, objetivos y métodos usados por nueve cohortes brasileñas del RPS Consorcio de Cohortes de Nacimiento. Se identificaron los ejes temáticos comunes y los objetivos, así como los periodos de referencia, la presentación del estadio de seguimiento y representatividad de la población estudiada. El consorcio incluye tres cohortes de nacimiento de Ribeirão Preto, Estado de São Paulo (1978/1979, 1994 y 2010), cuatro de Pelotas, Estado del Rio Grande do Sul (1982, 1993, 2004 y 2015), y dos de São Luís, Estado del Maranhão (1997 y 2010). Las cohortes cubren tres regiones de Brasil, de tres estados distintos, con marcadas diferencias socioeconómicas, culturales y de infraestructura. Las cohortes comenzaron con el nacimiento, excepto para la más reciente en cada municipio, donde las madres fueron reclutadas durante la gestación. Los instrumentos para la recogida de datos han sido depurados, con el fin de realizar una aproximación a diferentes exposiciones durante las fases tempranas de la vida y su influencia a largo plazo en el proceso de salud-enfermedad. Se incluyeron a los investigadores de las nueve cohortes, donde se llevaron a cabo estudios perinatales, así como los recursos humanos analizados posteriormente, al igual que la salud mental, nutrición y signos precursores de enfermedades no comunicables. Un total de 17.636 nacidos vivos fueron reclutados en Ribeirão Preto, 19.669 en Pelotas, y 7.659 en São Luís. En los estudios que comenzaron durante el embarazo, 1.400 mujeres embarazadas fueron entrevistadas en Ribeirão Preto, 3.199 en Pelotas, y 1.447 en São Luís. Se usaron diferentes estrategias para reducir pérdidas, con el fin de realizar el seguimiento. Esta red de investigación permite el análisis de la incidencia de enfermedades y el establecimiento de posibles relaciones causales que podrían explicar los resultados de salud de estas poblaciones, con el fin de contribuir al desarrollo de acciones gubernamentales y políticas de salud más consistentes con la realidad.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0102-311x00093320

RPS Brazilian Birth Cohorts Consortium (Ribeirão Preto, Pelotas and São Luís): history, objectives and methods
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Confortin, Susana Cararo

; Ribeiro, Marizélia Rodrigues Costa

; Barros, Aluísio J. D.

; Menezes, Ana Maria Baptista

; Horta, Bernardo L.

; Victora, Cesar Gomes

; Barros, Fernando C.

; Gonçalves, Helen

; Bettiol, Heloisa

; Santos, Iná Silva dos

; Barbieri, Marco Antonio

; Saraiva, Maria da Conceição Pereira

; Alves, Maria Teresa Seabra Soares de Britto e

; Silveira, Mariângela Freitas da

; Domingues, Marlos Rodrigues

; Lima, Natália Peixoto

; Rocha, Paulo Ricardo Higassiaraguti

; Cavalli, Ricardo Carvalho

; Batista, Rosângela Fernandes Lucena

; Cardoso, Viviane Cunha

; Simões, Vanda Maria Ferreira

; Silva, Antônio Augusto Moura da

Cadernos de Saúde Pública

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2021, Volume 37 Nº 4 elocation e00093320

Resumo: Pt En Es | Texto: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

https://doi.org/10.1590/0102-311x00093320 419 downloads

10.

Excess weight and obesity prevalence in the RPS Brazilian Birth Cohort Consortium (Ribeirão Preto, Pelotas and São Luís)
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Carvalho, Carolina Abreu de

; Magalhães, Elma Izze da Silva

; Bettiol, Heloisa

; Barbieri, Marco Antonio

; Cardoso, Viviane Cunha

; Matijasevich, Alicia

; Menezes, Ana Maria Baptista

; Horta, Bernardo Lessa

; Wehrmeister, Fernando C.

; Gonçalves, Helen

; Santos, Iná S.

; Lima, Natália Peixoto

; França, Ana Karina Teixeira da Cunha

; Silva, Antônio Augusto Moura da

Cadernos de Saúde Pública

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2021, Volume 37 Nº 4 elocation e00237020

Resumo: Pt En Es | Texto: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

O estudo teve como objetivo estimar as prevalências de excesso de peso e de obesidade, de acordo com sexo e renda, no Consórcio RPS (Ribeirão Preto, Pelotas e São Luís) de coorte de nascimentos brasileiros. Os participantes nas coortes de Ribeirão Preto (1978/1979 e 1994), Pelotas (1982, 1993 e 2004) e São Luís (1997/1998) foram incluídos em diferentes seguimentos a partir dos sete anos de idade. O excesso de peso (sobrepeso e obesidade) e a obesidade foram avaliados pelo índice de massa corporal. As maiores prevalências foram observadas em Ribeirão Preto (excesso de peso: 27,7% aos 9-11 e 47,1% aos 22-23 anos; obesidade: 8,6% aos 9-11 e 19,8% aos 22-23 anos) e as menores taxas em São Luís (excesso de peso: 5,4% aos 7-9 e 17,2% aos 18-19 anos; obesidade: 1,8% aos 7-9 e 3,6% aos 18-19 anos). Quanto mais jovem a coorte, maior a prevalência de excesso de peso e de obesidade, na comparação entre grupos etários semelhantes. O aumento na prevalência de obesidade foi maior que na prevalência de excesso de peso. As mulheres tiveram menor prevalência de excesso de peso nas coortes mais velhas e maior prevalência de obesidade nas coortes mais jovens. Maiores prevalências de excesso de peso e de obesidade foram observadas nas crianças e adolescentes com renda familiar mais alta e em adultos de renda mais baixa. As diferenças nas prevalências de excesso de peso e de obesidade evidenciaram que os indivíduos das coortes mais jovens estão mais expostos a essa morbidade, assim como, aqueles nascidos na cidade mais desenvolvida, os adultos de baixa renda e crianças e adolescentes pertencentes a família do tercil de maior renda. Portanto, os resultados indicam a necessidade de priorizar medidas dirigidas aos indivíduos mais jovens.

Our objective was to estimate the prevalence of excess weight and obesity, according to sex and income in the RPS Brazilian Birth Cohort Consortium (Ribeirão Preto, Pelotas, and São Luís). Participants in the Ribeirão Preto (1978/1979 and 1994), Pelotas (1982, 1993 and 2004) and São Luís (1997/1998) birth cohorts were included in different follow-ups from 7 years old onwards. Excess weight (overweight and obesity) were assessed by body mass index. The highest prevalences were observed in Ribeirão Preto (excess weight: 27.7% at 9-11 and 47.1% at 22-23 years; obesity: 8.6% at 9-11 and 19.8% at 22-23 years) while the smallest was in São Luís (excess weight: 5.4 to 7-9 and 17.2% at 18-19 years; obesity: 1.8% at 7-9 and 3.6% at 18-19 years). The younger the cohort, the greater the prevalence of excess weight and obesity when comparing similar age groups. Increases in obesity prevalence were greater than in excess weight prevalence. Women had lower excess weight prevalence in older cohorts and higher obesity prevalence in younger cohorts. Higher excess weight and obesity prevalence were observed in higher income children and adolescents, and in poorer adults. Differences in the prevalence of excess weight and obesity evidenced that individuals from younger cohorts are more exposed to this morbidity, as well as those who were born in the most developed city, low-income adults as well as children and adolescents belonging to families of the highest income tertile. Therefore, the results of this study indicate the need to prioritize actions aimed at younger individuals.

El objetivo de este estudio fue estimar la prevalencia de sobrepeso y obesidad, según sexo e ingresos en el Consorcio RPS (Ribeirão Preto, Pelotas and São Luís) cohortes brasileñas de nascimientos. Los participantes en las cohortes de nacimiento de Ribeirão Preto (1978/1979 y 1994), Pelotas (1982, 1993 y 2004) y São Luís (1997/1998) fueron incluidos en diferentes seguimientos desde los 7 años de edad. El exceso de peso (sobrepeso y obesidad) fueron evaluados por el índice de masa corporal. Las prevalencias más altas se observaron en Ribeirão Preto (exceso de peso: 27,7% a los 9-11 y 47,1% a los 22-23 años; obesidad: 8,6% a los 9-11 y 19,8% a los 22-23 años) y los más pequeños en São Luís (exceso de peso: 5,4 a los 7-9 y 17,2% a los 18-19 años; obesidad: 1,8% a los 7-9 y 3,6% a los 18-19 años). Cuanto más joven fuera la cohorte, mayor era la prevalencia de exceso de peso y obesidad, cuando se comparan con grupos de edad similares. El incremento en la prevalencia de obesidad fue mayor que en la prevalencia de exceso de peso. Las mujeres tenían una prevalencia de exceso de peso más baja en las cohortes más viejas y una mayor prevalencia de obesidad en las cohortes más jóvenes. Se observaron prevalencias más altas de exceso de peso y obesidad en los niños y adolescentes con mayores ingresos, y en los adultos más pobres. Las diferencias en las prevalencias de exceso de peso y obesidad evidenciaron que las personas de las cohortes más jóvenes estaban más expuestas a esta morbilidad, al igual que aquellas que habían nacido en las ciudades más desarrolladas, adultos con bajos ingresos, además de niños y adolescentes pertenecientes a las familias del tercil de ingresos más altos. Por eso, los resultados de este estudio indican la necesidad de priorizar acciones dirigidas a las personas más jóvenes.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0102-311x00237020

11.

Excess weight and obesity prevalence in the RPS Brazilian Birth Cohort Consortium (Ribeirão Preto, Pelotas and São Luís)
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Carvalho, Carolina Abreu de

; Magalhães, Elma Izze da Silva

; Bettiol, Heloisa

; Barbieri, Marco Antonio

; Cardoso, Viviane Cunha

; Matijasevich, Alicia

; Menezes, Ana Maria Baptista

; Horta, Bernardo Lessa

; Wehrmeister, Fernando C.

; Gonçalves, Helen

; Santos, Iná S.

; Lima, Natália Peixoto

; França, Ana Karina Teixeira da Cunha

; Silva, Antônio Augusto Moura da

Cadernos de Saúde Pública

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2021, Volume 37 Nº 4 elocation e00237020

Resumo: Pt En Es | Texto: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

https://doi.org/10.1590/0102-311x00237020 257 downloads

12.

Effect of different cryopreservation extenders added with antioxidants on semen quality and in vitro embryo production efficiency in cattle
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SILVA, NATALIA C.

; LEÃO, KAREN M.

; PÁDUA, JOÃO T.

; MARQUES, THAISA C.

; NETO, FRANCISCO R.A.

; DODE, MARGOT A.N.

; CUNHA, ANDRIELLE T.M.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2021, Volume 93 Nº 3 elocation e20191229

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract To evaluate the addition of antioxidants in extenders on post-thaw bovine semen quality and in vitro embryo production efficiency. Six semen samples were collected from five Holstein bulls. In the experiment I, the samples were diluted with AndroMed® and Bovimix® and added antioxidants glutathione (1.5 and 2.5 mM) and melatonin (0.5 and 1.0 mM). In the experiment II, the best treatments obtained in experiment I were used for in vitro fecundation. Glutathione did not improve sperm viability. Melatonin had a negative effect on semen characteristics. Andromed® showed better results in sperm kinetics parameters. Bovimix® was more efficient in maintaining cell integrity parameters. Significant correlation was found between sperm kinetics parameters and between cell integrity parameters. For in vitro embryo production, after oocyte selection, maturation, fertilization and cultivation were performed using the four treatments previously evaluated. Andromed® was more efficient in the cleavage rate, no effect of the addition of glutathione. However, the addition of 2.5 mM glutathione in the Bovimix® improved the cleavage rate. There was a significant moderate correlation between cleavage rate and sperm kinetic characteristics. Glutathione did not improve sperm viability. Melatonin reduced the maintenance of sperm characteristics. Andromed® was more efficient in in vitro embryo production and no effect of glutathione was found in this extender. Addition of 2.5 mM glutathione in the Bovimix® extender provided a higher cleavage rate.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202120191229 302 downloads

13.

Influence of creep feeder position on the behavior and performance of preweaning piglets and sows in a hot climate environment
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OLIVEIRA, EWERSON S.

; NASCIMENTO, ELAINE L.L.

; LIMA, HELLEN K.S.

; NEVES, JACQUELINE S.

; DAMASCENO, JAMILLY G.

; SILVA, JULIANA C.

; OLIVEIRA, NATÁLIA C.

; NASCIMENTO, PEDRO H.

; OLIVEIRA, RAFAEL A.

; ARAÚJO, VITOR O.

; VIEIRA, MARIA F.A.

; MONTEIRO, BRUNO M.

; SCHINCKEL, ALLAN P.

; GARBOSSA, CESAR A.P.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2021, Volume 93 Nº 3 elocation e20200248

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract The use of creep feeding for preweaning piglets is important to improve the performance of the piglets. The objective of this experiment was evaluate the effect of using or altering the position of piglet’s creep feeder during lactation on piglet’s performance and on behavior of piglets and sows kept in a hot climate environment. Forty-five sows and their litters at 10 days of lactation were randomly distributed into three treatments: front feeder (FF) - near the side of the sow’s head; back feeder (BF) - near the side of the rump of the sow; and no feeder (NF). All piglets were weighed individually to evaluate the average weight, weight gain and coefficient of variation of the weight. Behavior assessments of the piglets and sows were recorded in 3 period. At 15 and 21 d, piglets of the FF treatment were heavier (P ≤ 0.0001) than piglets of the other treatments. At 10-21d piglets of FF treatment had 76.2% less belly nosing behavior than the NF piglets (P=0.015). The treatments had no impact on behavior of the sows. The creep feeders positioned in the front of the farrowing crate increased piglet growth rate and decreased frequency of belly nosing behavior.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202120200248 368 downloads

14.

Poor Sleep quality and health-related quality of life impact in adolescents with and without chronic immunosuppressive conditions during COVID-19 quarantine
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Helito, Alberto C.

; Lindoso, Livia

; Sieczkowska, Sofia M.

; Astley, Camilla

; Queiroz, Ligia B.

; Rose, Natalia

; Santos, Claudia Renata P.

; Bolzan, Thalis

; Peralta, Rita María I.A.

; Franco, Ruth R.

; Cominato, Louise

; Pereira, Rosa Maria R.

; Tannuri, Uenis

; Campos, Lucia Maria A.

; Lourenço, Benito

; Toma, Ricardo K.

; Medeiros, Karina

; Watanabe, Andréia

; Grangeiro, Patricia Moreno

; Farhat, Sylvia C.

; Casella, Caio B.

; Polanczyk, Guilherme V.

; Gualano, Bruno

; Silva, Clovis A.

; Sallum, Adriana M. E.

; Iraha, Amanda Y.

; Ihara, Bianca P.

; Mazzolani, Bruna C.

; Martinez, Claudia A.

; Strabelli, Claudia A. A.

; Fonseca, Claudia B.

; Lima, Dandara C. C.

; Setoue, Debora N. D.

; Roz, Deborah F. P.

; Smaira, Fabiana I.

; Roschel, Hamilton

; Miyatani, Helena T.

; Marques, Isabela G.

; Oba, Jane

; Ferreira, Juliana C. O.

; Simon, Juliana R.

; Kozu, Katia

; Saccani, Ligia P.

; Martiniano, Lorena V. M.

; Miranda, Luana C. A.

; Silva, Luiz E. V.

; Laurentino, Moisés F.

; Aikawa, Nadia E.

; Sakita, Neusa K.

; Tanigava, Nicolas Y.

; Pereira, Paulo R. A.

; Palmeira, Patrícia

; Angelo, Simone S.

; Lavorato, Sofia S. M.

; Bernardes, Tamires M.

; Franco, Tathiane C.

; Viana, Vivianne S. L.

; Barros, Vera P. M. F. R.

; Zheng, Yingying

Clinics

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2021, Volume 76 elocation e3501

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

OBJECTIVE: To assess the possible factors that influence sleep quality in adolescents with and without chronic immunosuppressive conditions quarantined during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 305 adolescents with chronic immunocompromised conditions and 82 healthy adolescents. Online surveys were completed, which included questions on socio-demographic data and self-rated healthcare routine during COVID-19 quarantine and the following validated questionnaires: the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory 4.0 (PedsQL4.0), and Pediatric Outcome Data Collection Instrument (PODCI). RESULTS: The median current age [14 (10-18) vs. 15 (10-18) years, p=0.847] and frequency of female sex (62% vs. 58%, p=0.571) were similar in adolescents with chronic conditions compared with healthy adolescents. The frequency of poor sleep quality was similar in both groups (38% vs. 48%, p=0.118). Logistic regression analysis, including both healthy adolescents and adolescents with chronic conditions (n=387), demonstrated that self-reported increase in screen time (odds ratio [OR] 3.0; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.3-6.8; p=0.008) and intrafamilial violence report (OR 2.1; 95% CI 1.2-3.5; p=0.008) were independently associated with poor sleep quality in these adolescents. However, the PODCI global function score was associated with a lower OR for poor sleep quality (OR 0.97; 95% CI 0.94-0.99; p=0.001). Further logistic regression, including only adolescents with chronic conditions (n=305), demonstrated that self-reported increase in screen time (OR 3.1; 95% CI 1.4-6.8; p=0.006) and intrafamilial violence report (OR 2.0; 95% CI 1.2-3.4; p=0.011) remained independently associated with poor quality of sleep, whereas a lower PODCI global function score was associated with a lower OR for sleep quality (OR 0.96; 95% CI 0.94-0.98; p<0.001). CONCLUSION: Self-reported increases in screen time and intrafamilial violence report impacted sleep quality in both healthy adolescents and those with chronic conditions. Decreased health-related quality of life was observed in adolescents with poor sleep quality.

https://doi.org/10.6061/clinics/2021/e3501

15.

Enthalpy thematic map interpolated with spline method for management of broiler chicken production
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Silva, Natália C. da

; Santos, Rodrigo C.

; Zucca, Rafael

; Geisenhoff, Luciano O.

; Cesca, Rafaela S.

; Lovatto, Juliano

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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Jul 2020, Volume 24 Nº 7 Páginas 431 - 436

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Devido ao aumento exponencial da população humana e aos problemas relacionados ao suprimento de alimentos, destacam-se pesquisas que buscam encontrar a melhor maneira de gerenciar e explorar geograficamente o meio ambiente, utilizando tecnologias sustentáveis. Este estudo visa possibilitar uma interpolação consistente de séries históricas de entalpia (H), utilizando o método spline como opção de krigagem em áreas com poucos pontos de amostragem, a fim de produzir um mapa temático da entalpia, considerando as condições de conforto térmico para produzir frangos de corte, que poderá ser utilizado como ferramenta de manejo, visando reduzir o consumo de energia devido ao processo de resfriamento das instalações. Verificou-se que spline é um método eficiente para criar uma representação adequada de mapas temáticos de áreas que apresentam poucas unidades amostradas. A representação geográfica de entalpia permitiu a avaliação dos ambientes, concluindo que o Mato Grosso do Sul é um Estado onde a produção de frangos de corte torna-se inviável sem sistemas apropriados de resfriamento térmico, o que corrobora a sugestão de introdução da avicultura em áreas ainda inexploradas, como Chapadão do Sul e Sete Quedas.

ABSTRACT Owing to the exponential growth of the human population and problems related to food supply, research focused on finding the most suitable approach to manage and geographically explore the environment using sustainable technologies stand out. The present study aims to produce a consistent interpolation of historical series of enthalpy (H) resulting in a thematic map of enthalpy, using the spline method as a kriging option in areas with few sampling points. The thematic map considers thermal comfort conditions to produce broiler chickens, that could be used as a management tool to reduce power consumption due to the cooling process of the facilities. It was verified that spline is an efficient method to create a suitable thematic maps representations of areas presenting a few sampled units. The geographical representation of enthalpy allowed the evaluation of the environments, concluding that the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil is inadequate for broiler chickens production without suitable thermal cooling systems. Evidence suggests introduction of aviculture in areas still unexplored, e.g., Chapadão do Sul and Sete Quedas.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v24n7p431-436 545 downloads

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