Abstract This study scrutinizes structural racism’s influence on the training and work of Black professionals in primary health care (PHC) in Rio de Janeiro, particularly focusing on the experiences of Black female physicians. Employing a qualitative approach via a Focus Group, conducted in November 2022, we adopted symbolic interactionism to interpret racism-related experiences. Our findings encompass two primary dimensions: the manifestation of structural and institutional racism within the Unified Health System (SUS), and how racism permeates health work processes and consequences. Results highlight enduring impacts, spanning education to PHC roles, hindering healthcare process recalibration. Participants identify institutional and structural racism, from managerial neglect to territorial violence and physician scarcity, constraining comprehensive care. It is crucial to unveil and grasp racism’s structural essence within healthcare, aligned with the vision of health as a fundamental right. racisms s (PHC Janeiro physicians Group 2022 racismrelated related dimensions SUS, SUS , (SUS) consequences impacts roles recalibration scarcity right 202 (SUS 20 2

Resumo Trata-se de estudo sobre o racismo estrutural na formação e na ocupação de trabalhadoras e trabalhadores negros atuando na atenção primária à saúde (APS) no município do Rio de Janeiro, a partir da experiência de médicas negras. Realizou-se um estudo qualitativo, utilizando grupo focal, conduzido em novembro de 2022. Utilizou-se o interacionismo simbólico como referência para a interpretação relacionada às situações que compõem as experiências/vivências a partir do racismo. Os achados foram reunidos em dois eixos: manifestação do racismo estrutural e institucional no âmbito do SUS; e como o racismo atravessa os processos de trabalho em saúde e suas repercussões. Os resultados revelam uma continuidade das implicações do racismo desde a formação de médicas negras até o trabalho na APS, tornando-se um obstáculo na reorganização do processo de trabalho na perspectiva territorial de atenção à saúde. As participantes identificam o racismo institucional e estrutural na negligência da gestão, na violência do território e na vacância de médicos nas equipes desses territórios, limitando a oferta de um cuidado adequado. É necessário desvelar e aprofundar a compreensão do caráter estrutural do racismo da organização do trabalho em saúde, tendo como imagem-objetivo a saúde como direito. Tratase Trata se APS (APS Janeiro Realizouse Realizou qualitativo focal 2022 Utilizouse Utilizou experiênciasvivências experiências vivências eixos SUS repercussões tornandose tornando gestão territórios adequado imagemobjetivo imagem objetivo direito 202 20 2

ABSTRACT Peach rootstock and scion cultivars are selected in breeding programs considering resistance to pests and diseases, salt tolerance, drought tolerance, and vigor. However, rootstock tolerance to aluminum (Al), which is markedly present in tropical and subtropical soils of the world, is not considered. Thus, it is essential to define potential markers that can contribute to the selection of Al-resistant or Al-tolerant peach rootstocks. The objective of this study was to identify Al-tolerant peach tree rootstock cultivars and clonal selections using physiological and oxidative stress variables. A completely randomized experimental design was used in a 13 (rootstock cultivars and clonal selections) × 2 (with and without Al) factorial arrangement, with three replications. Nursery peach trees of own-rooted ‘BRS Mandinho’ (without rootstock) and nursery trees of ‘BRS Mandinho’ grafted on different rootstock cultivars and clonal selections were grown in a hydroponic system, consisting of two treatments, with and without 100 mg L-1 of Al. Dry biomass, photosynthetic variables, pigment concentration, hydrogen peroxide content, membrane lipid peroxidation, and activity of the antioxidant enzymes were evaluated. The total dry matter production of the own-rooted ‘BRS Mandinho’ trees and the SS-CHI-09-39 and SS-CHI-09-40 selections is affected by the Al presence, representing a decline of 35.4, 37.2, and 24.4 %, respectively, compared to the treatment with Al. The highest total dry matter production in Al presence was observed for the ‘Sharpe’ rootstock. ‘Capdeboscq’, DB-SEN-09-23, FB-ESM-09-43, JB-ESM-09-13, JAH-MAC-09-77, SAS-SAU-09-71, and VEH-GRA-09-55 rootstock selections are tolerant to Al. The use of physiological and biochemical variables shows potential for the selection of clonal rootstocks tolerant or resistant to Al. diseases vigor However Al, , (Al) world considered Thus Alresistant Altolerant 1 arrangement replications ownrooted own rooted BRS Mandinho system treatments 10 L1 L L- biomass concentration content peroxidation evaluated SSCHI0939 SSCHI SS CHI 09 39 SS-CHI-09-3 SSCHI0940 40 SS-CHI-09-4 354 35 4 35.4 372 37 37.2 244 24 24. % respectively ‘Sharpe Sharpe ‘Capdeboscq, Capdeboscq ‘Capdeboscq ‘Capdeboscq’ DBSEN0923, DBSEN0923 DBSEN DB SEN 23, 23 DB-SEN-09-23 FBESM0943, FBESM0943 FBESM FB ESM 43, 43 FB-ESM-09-43 JBESM0913, JBESM0913 JBESM JB 13, JB-ESM-09-13 JAHMAC0977, JAHMAC0977 JAHMAC JAH MAC 77, 77 JAH-MAC-09-77 SASSAU0971, SASSAU0971 SASSAU SAS SAU 71, 71 SAS-SAU-09-71 VEHGRA0955 VEHGRA VEH GRA 55 VEH-GRA-09-5 (Al SSCHI093 0 3 SS-CHI-09- SSCHI094 35. 37. DBSEN092 DB-SEN-09-2 FBESM094 FB-ESM-09-4 JBESM091 JB-ESM-09-1 JAHMAC097 7 JAH-MAC-09-7 SASSAU097 SAS-SAU-09-7 VEHGRA095 5 VEH-GRA-09- SSCHI09 SS-CHI-09 DBSEN09 DB-SEN-09- FBESM09 FB-ESM-09- JBESM09 JB-ESM-09- JAHMAC09 JAH-MAC-09- SASSAU09 SAS-SAU-09- VEHGRA09 VEH-GRA-09 SSCHI0 SS-CHI-0 DBSEN0 DB-SEN-09 FBESM0 FB-ESM-09 JBESM0 JB-ESM-09 JAHMAC0 JAH-MAC-09 SASSAU0 SAS-SAU-09 VEHGRA0 VEH-GRA-0 SS-CHI- DB-SEN-0 FB-ESM-0 JB-ESM-0 JAH-MAC-0 SAS-SAU-0 VEH-GRA- SS-CHI DB-SEN- FB-ESM- JB-ESM- JAH-MAC- SAS-SAU- VEH-GRA DB-SEN FB-ESM JB-ESM JAH-MAC SAS-SAU

Abstract Roadkill is one of the most direct impacts on fauna, leading to numerous direct and indirect impacts. Road-killed animals could serve as a resource for research and teaching purposes, but first, they need to have their tissues preserved by some technique. Plastination is one of the most modern techniques for the conservation of biological tissues, its principle is the replacement of body fluids by a curable polymer, resulting in a non-toxic, odorless, and manipulable material. So the main aim of this work was to compose a collection of plastinated roadkill victims from the Biological Reserve Sooretama region, adapting the standard protocol to the different taxa worked here (Avialae, Reptilia, Amphibia, and Mammalia). For this, 42 animals were used, previously frozen and stored in the Sooretama Biological Reserve and Vale Natural Reserve until they were sent for processing. Upon arriving at the Plastination laboratory at the Federal University of Espírito Santo, the animals underwent the 4 stages of plastination: fixation, dehydration, forced impregnation, and chemical cure; some adaptations were made to improve the final specimens. The results proved that the plastination of these animals is extremely viable in generating satisfactory results. Given the results obtained, it becomes clear how plastination can become an alternative to implement in the composition of biological collections using roadkill animals. The animals prepared in this work comprise an unprecedented collection available for different applications, such as exhibitions, practical classes, and research. fauna Roadkilled Road killed purposes first technique polymer nontoxic, nontoxic non toxic, toxic non-toxic odorless material region Avialae, Avialae (Avialae Reptilia Amphibia Mammalia. Mammalia . Mammalia) used processing Santo fixation dehydration impregnation cure specimens obtained applications exhibitions classes

ABSTRACT Although zinc (Zn) is a micronutrient, excessive amounts in the soil can have toxic effects on plants. Fertilizers, limestone materials, pesticides, and fungicides added with Zn have contributed to increasing the concentration of this element in agricultural soils. Accordingly, it is necessary to find Zn-tolerant plant species to be properly used in degraded soil restoration programs. Thus, the current study aims to investigate the influence of different Zn concentrations on photosynthetic variables, antioxidant activity, and growth of I. marginata and A. edulis seedlings to determine their potential to be used as phytoremediation species. The experiment was installed in a 2×5 factorial scheme, with the first factor being two species (Allophylus edulis and Inga marginata), and the second factor: five concentrations of Zn (2, 75, 150, 225, and 300 μM), with three replications per treatment. Each sampling unit consisted of a pot with five plants. Photosynthetic, morphological variables of the shoot and root systems, chlorophyll a fluorescence, photosynthetic pigments, antioxidant enzyme activity, lipid peroxidation, hydrogen peroxide concentration, and Zn accumulated in the roots and shoot were evaluated. Zn stress has activated an efficient antioxidant system, which reduced oxidative damage in the leaves of both species; consequently, it did not decrease shoot biomass production in Inga marginata and Allophylus edulis seedlings. High Zn accumulation in plant tissues and lack of negative effects on Inga marginata and Allophylus edulis shoot have suggested that these plant species are tolerant to Zn and may be indicated for Zn-polluted soil phytoremediation purposes. (Zn micronutrient plants Fertilizers materials pesticides soils Accordingly Zntolerant programs Thus activity I A 25 2 5 2× scheme marginata, , marginata) 2, (2 75 150 225 30 μM, μM μM) treatment Photosynthetic systems fluorescence pigments peroxidation evaluated system consequently Znpolluted polluted purposes ( 7 15 22 3 1

RESUMO Embora o zinco (Zn) seja um micronutriente, quantidades excessivas no solo podem causar efeitos tóxicos às plantas. Fertilizantes, materiais calcários, pesticidas e fungicidas adicionados de Zn têm contribuído para aumentar a concentração deste elemento nos solos agrícolas. Dessa forma, é necessário encontrar espécies de plantas tolerantes ao Zn para serem adequadamente utilizadas em programas de restauração de solos degradados. Assim, o presente estudo tem como objetivo investigar a influência de diferentes concentrações de Zn nas variáveis fotossintéticas, na atividade antioxidante e no crescimento de mudas de I. marginata e A. edulis para determinar seu potencial para serem utilizadas como espécies fitorremediadoras. O experimento foi instalado em esquema fatorial 2×5, sendo o primeiro fator duas espécies (Allophylus edulis e Inga marginata), e o segundo fator: cinco concentrações de Zn (2, 75, 150, 225 e 300μM), com três repetições por tratamento. Cada unidade amostral foi constituída por um vaso com cinco plantas. Foram avaliadas variáveis fotossintéticas, morfológicas da parte aérea e do sistema radicular, fluorescência da clorofila a, pigmentos fotossintéticos, atividade de enzimas antioxidantes, peroxidação lipídica, concentração de peróxido de hidrogênio e Zn acumulado nas raízes e na parte aérea. O estresse por Zn ativou um eficiente sistema antioxidante, que reduziu o dano oxidativo nas folhas de ambas as espécies; consequentemente, não diminuiu a produção de biomassa aérea em mudas de Inga marginata e Allophylus edulis. O alto acúmulo de Zn nos tecidos vegetais e a falta de efeitos negativos na parte aérea de Inga marginata e Allophylus edulis sugeriram que essas espécies de plantas são tolerantes ao Zn e podem ser indicadas para fins de fitorremediação de solos poluídos com Zn. (Zn micronutriente Fertilizantes calcários agrícolas forma degradados Assim fotossintéticas I A fitorremediadoras 25 2 5 2×5 marginata, , marginata) 2, (2 75 150 22 300μM, 300μM μM 300μM) tratamento radicular fotossintéticos antioxidantes lipídica consequentemente 2× ( 7 15 1

Abstract Between 2017 and 2021, the Brazilian Unified Health System (BUHS) administered a total of 527,903,302 doses of immunizations. Each immunization results in the presence of a residual volume (RV) due to syringe dead space (DS). The International Organization for Standardization 7886-1 allows a DS of up to 0.07mL in sterile single-use hypodermic syringes with volumes less than 5mL. This study aims to quantify the DS of immunization devices used in Brazil, study the best combinations of needles and syringes to minimize RV, estimate the number of wasted doses from 2017 to 2021, and evaluate the impact on the BUHS. Pneumococcal 10 vaccine with a 25x6mm needle and a regular 1mL syringe exhibited a significantly higher average RV (0.0826mL) and waste rate (14.42%). It was observed that for some intramuscular vaccines, there is less waste when using a 20x5.5mm needle compared to a 25x6mm needle. The use of syringes with plunger stoppers that penetrate the syringe barrel, denoted as low dead space syringes, results in less RV and an estimated difference in the waste rate of approximately 10% compared to the regular syringe. The estimated number of wasted doses from 2017 to 2021 by BUHS is approximately 32 million doses. 201 (BUHS 527903302 527 903 302 527,903,30 immunizations (RV DS. . (DS) 78861 7886 1 7886- 007mL mL 0 07mL singleuse single 5mL Brazil xmm x mm 0.0826mL 00826mL 0826mL (0.0826mL 14.42%. 1442 14.42% 14 42 (14.42%) vaccines 20x55mm 20x5 5mm barrel 202 3 20 52790330 52 90 30 527,903,3 (DS 788 144 14.42 4 (14.42% 20x 2 5279033 5 9 527,903, 78 14.4 (14.42 527903 527,903 7 14. (14.4 52790 527,90 (14. 5279 527,9 (14 527, (1 (

ABSTRACT Congenital heart disease (CHD) affects eight to ten out of every 1,000 births, resulting in approximately 23,057 new cases in Brazil in 2022. About one in four children with CHD requires surgery or other procedures in the first year of life, and it is expected that approximately 81% of these children with CHD will survive until at least 35 years of age. Professionals choosing to specialize in CHD surgery face numerous challenges, not only related to mastering surgical techniques and the complexity of the diseases but also to the lack of recognition by medical societies as a separate subspecialty. Furthermore, families face difficulties when access to services capable of providing treatment for these children. To address these challenges, it is essential to have specialized hospitals, qualified professionals, updated technologies, sustainable industry, appropriate financing, quality assessment systems, and knowledge generation. The path to excellence involves specialization across all involved parties. As we reflect on the importance of Pediatric Cardiovascular Surgery and Congenital Heart Diseases establishing themselves as a subspecialty of Cardiovascular Surgery, it is essential to look beyond our borders to countries like the United States of America and United Kingdom, where this evolution is already a reality. This autonomy has led to significant advancements in research, education, and patient care outcomes, establishing a care model. By following this path in Brazil, we not only align our practice with the highest international standards but also demonstrate our maturity and the ability to meet the specific needs of patients with CHD and those with acquired childhood heart disease. (CHD 1000 1 000 1,00 births 23057 23 057 23,05 2022 life 81 3 age challenges Furthermore hospitals professionals technologies industry financing systems generation parties Kingdom reality research education outcomes model 100 00 1,0 2305 2 05 23,0 202 8 10 0 1, 230 23, 20

The volatile composition of coffee exerts a substantial influence on its quality, as it defines the characteristics of the beverage. However, these compounds are influenced by factors within the coffee production chain, such as botanical origin, geography, processing methods, and roasting. Consequently, the identification of such compounds becomes a vital tool for characterizing coffees to these factors. In this context, gas chromatography with headspace extraction is widely used for aroma analysis, providing a composition closer to consumer perception. Headspace extraction offers speed, simplicity, minimal sample preparation, and no need for solvents. In this study, static headspace extraction (SHS) coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (SHS-GC-MS) was employed to establish the chemical profile of volatile compounds in Coffea arabica and Coffea canephora var. conilon and determine discriminants between the species. A total of 97 compounds, belonging to 17 chemical classes, were identified. The chemometric analysis highlighted furans, phenols, and carboxylic acids as key differentiating classes. Notably, furfuryl alcohol, acetic acid, 4-vinylguaiacol, N-acetyl-4(H)-pyridine, and N-furfurylpyrrole emerged as crucial volatile compounds. The variable selection using Fisher weight applied directly in the chromatograms, produced models consistent with relative area data, with furfuryl alcohol and 4-vinylguaiacol regions being particularly influential in differentiation. quality beverage However chain origin geography methods roasting Consequently context perception speed simplicity preparation solvents study SHS (SHS chromatographymass mass SHSGCMS GC MS (SHS-GC-MS var species 9 1 classes identified furans phenols Notably acid 4vinylguaiacol, 4vinylguaiacol vinylguaiacol 4 vinylguaiacol, Nacetyl4Hpyridine, Nacetyl4Hpyridine NacetylHpyridine N acetyl H pyridine, pyridine N-acetyl-4(H)-pyridine Nfurfurylpyrrole furfurylpyrrole chromatograms data differentiation Nacetyl Hpyridine

RESUMO Ayahuasca é uma decocção psicoativa originalmente usada na cultura indígena amazônica. É constituída por um líquido denso e marrom que resulta mais frequentemente da decocção de duas plantas nativas da floresta amazônica, Psychotria viridis (Rubiaceae) e Banisteriopsis caapi (Malpighiaceae). A composição da decocção é variável, pois diversas espécies vegetais podem ser utilizadas em seu preparo. Seu efeito psicoativo ocorre devido à presença de N,N-dimetiltriptamina (DMT), agonista dos receptores serotoninérgicos (5-HT1A/2A/2C), que é metabolizado pela enzima monoamina oxidase tipo A (MAO-A), e também à presença de β-carbolinas, que são inibidores reversíveis da MAO-A. Essa interação conjunta promove uma sequência de efeitos neuroquímicos psicodélicos. Devido à atual expansão das pesquisas sobre substâncias psicodélicas e ao crescente interesse público nos benefícios da ayahuasca, além do seu uso tradicional na Amazônia, as pesquisas acadêmicas sobre sua capacidade terapêutica têm aumentado. Este estudo teve como objetivo realizar uma revisão de literatura sobre as evidências científicas do potencial terapêutico da ingestão de ayahuasca. A revisão abrangeu o período 2012-2022, e resultou em evidências sobre os efeitos terapêuticos da ayahuasca na depressão/ansiedade, dependência química/alcoolismo e doença de Parkinson, bem como efeitos neuropsicológicos, e possíveis efeitos tóxicos na reprodução/desenvolvimento embrionário, entre outros efeitos adversos. O maior número de publicações no período pesquisado tratou dos efeitos da ayahuasca sobre a depressão e a ansiedade. Estudos futuros precisam abordar o mecanismo detalhado de ação da ayahuasca, bem como sua potencial toxicidade, a fim de demonstrar sua segurança. amazônica Rubiaceae (Rubiaceae Malpighiaceae. Malpighiaceae . (Malpighiaceae) variável preparo N,Ndimetiltriptamina NNdimetiltriptamina N,N dimetiltriptamina N DMT, DMT , (DMT) 5HT1A/2A/2C, 5HT1A2A2C HTAAC 5 HT1A/2A/2C HT1A 2A 2C HT C (5-HT1A/2A/2C) MAOA, MAOA MAO (MAO-A) βcarbolinas, βcarbolinas β carbolinas, carbolinas β-carbolinas MAOA. A. MAO-A psicodélicos Amazônia aumentado 20122022, 20122022 2012 2022, 2022 2012-2022 depressãoansiedade ansiedade depressão/ansiedade químicaalcoolismo química alcoolismo Parkinson neuropsicológicos reproduçãodesenvolvimento reprodução desenvolvimento embrionário adversos toxicidade segurança (Malpighiaceae Ndimetiltriptamina NN (DMT 5HT1A 5HT1A/2A/2C HT1A2A2C HTA (5-HT1A/2A/2C (MAO-A 2012202 201 202 2012-202 201220 20 2012-20 20122 2 2012-2 2012-

ABSTRACT Ayahuasca is a psychoactive decoction originally used in indigenous Amazonian culture. It consists of a dense brown liquid that most frequently results from the decoction of two plants native to the Amazon rainforest, Psychotria viridis (Rubiaceae) and Banisteriopsis caapi (Malpighiaceae). The composition of the decoction is variable, as several plant species can be used in its preparation. Its psychoactive effect occurs due to the presence of N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT), an agonist at serotonergic receptors (5-HT1A/2A/2C) that is metabolized by the enzyme monoamine oxidase type A (MAO-A), and also the presence of β-carbolines, which are reversible MAO-A inhibitors. This joint interaction promotes a sequence of psychedelic neurochemical effects. Due to the current expansion of research on psychedelic substances and the growing public interest in the benefits of ayahuasca beyond its traditional use in the Amazon, academic research on its therapeutic capacity has been increasing. This study aimed to carry out a literature review on the scientific evidence for the therapeutic potential of ingesting ayahuasca. The review covered the period 2012-2022, and resulted in evidence on the therapeutic effects of ayahuasca on depression/anxiety, chemical dependency/alcoholism and Parkinson’s disease, as well as neuropsychological effects, and possible toxic effects on reproduction/embryonic development, among other adverse effects. The highest number of publications in the searched period dealt with the effects of ayahuasca on depression and anxiety. Further studies need to address the detailed mechanism of action of ayahuasca, as well as its potential toxicity, in order to demonstrate its safety. culture rainforest Rubiaceae (Rubiaceae Malpighiaceae. Malpighiaceae . (Malpighiaceae) variable preparation N,Ndimethyltryptamine NNdimethyltryptamine N,N dimethyltryptamine N DMT, DMT , (DMT) 5HT1A/2A/2C 5HT1A2A2C HTAAC 5 HT1A/2A/2C HT1A 2A 2C HT C (5-HT1A/2A/2C MAOA, MAOA MAO (MAO-A) βcarbolines, βcarbolines β carbolines, carbolines β-carbolines inhibitors increasing 20122022, 20122022 2012 2022, 2022 2012-2022 depressionanxiety anxiety depression/anxiety dependencyalcoholism dependency alcoholism Parkinsons Parkinson s disease reproductionembryonic reproduction embryonic development toxicity safety (Malpighiaceae Ndimethyltryptamine NN (DMT 5HT1A HT1A2A2C HTA (MAO-A 2012202 201 202 2012-202 201220 20 2012-20 20122 2 2012-2 2012-

Abstract Since the inception of COVID-19 pandemic, there has been a challenging race for the development of precise diagnostic tests. Specific SARS-CoV-2 serological assays are the main tools used to estimate the rate of past infections or herd immunity in epidemiological studies, in addition to being helpful in guiding public health management policies. In this study, an in-house ELISA based on the construct of SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid (N) proteins, named rCoV2, rCoV4, and rCoV7, showed diagnostic performance for the detection of IgG antibodies. Sensitivity was evaluated in serum samples from patients with mild to moderate or severe COVID-19 infections, which were collected at different time points, while specificity was evaluated using pre-pandemic sera. In samples from mild to moderate cases obtained ≥16 days after the onset of symptoms, the sensitivities for rCoV2, rCoV4, and rCoV7 were 66.7%, 75%, and 77.8%, respectively. For samples from severe cases, the sensitivity was above 80% for all constructs. All proteins showed high specificity (94-98%). Overall, rCoV7 (C-terminus N-protein portion) showed better diagnostic performance, with 62.3% sensitivity in moderate and severe cases and 96.6% specificity. The SARS-CoV-2 ELISA using N-protein-based constructs could be a promisor tool for investigate the epidemiology of COVID-19 and monitor population-level serosurveillance. COVID19 COVID 19 COVID-1 pandemic tests SARSCoV2 SARSCoV SARS CoV 2 SARS-CoV- studies policies study inhouse house N (N rCoV2 rCoV rCoV4 antibodies points prepandemic pre sera 16 ≥1 symptoms 667 66 7 66.7% 75 75% 778 77 8 77.8% respectively 80 9498%. 9498 94 98% . 98 (94-98%) Overall Cterminus C terminus Nprotein protein portion 623 62 3 62.3 966 96 6 96.6 Nproteinbased populationlevel population level serosurveillance COVID1 1 COVID- SARS-CoV ≥ 66.7 77.8 9498% 949 9 (94-98% 62. 96. 66. 77. (94-98 (94-9 (94- (94 (9 (

Abstract Background Memory complaints are frequent in older adults and are associated with higher risk of cognitive decline. Objective To investigate the functional outcome of individuals with memory complaints followed up at primary care centers. Methods Data were collected between 2016 e 2020 in primary health care centers in Brazil. Patients underwent the Brief Cognitive Screening Battery, and the Functional Activities Questionnaire. Results The initial sample (2016) comprised 91 individuals classified into those with subjective cognitive decline (SCD, n = 15), mild cognitive impairment (MCI, n = 45), or dementia (n = 31). During follow-up, 8 individuals (8.8% of the initial sample) died and 26 (28.5% of the initial sample) were not found. Fifty-seven participants underwent clinical reassessment. Of 15 individuals with SCD, 7 were not found (46.7%), 4 (26.7%) progressed to MCI, and 4 (26.7%) remained stable. Of 45 individuals with MCI, 11 were not found (24.4%), 2 (4.4%) died, 6 (13.4%) progressed to dementia, 12 (26.7%) regressed to SCD, and 14 (31.1%) remained stable. Of 31 individuals with dementia, 8 were not found (25.8%), 6 (19.4%) died, 2 (6.5%) regressed to SCD, 7 (22.6%) regressed to MCI, and 8 remained stable (25.8%). Clinical improvement was due to the treatment of reversible causes, such as B12 hypovitaminosis and mood disorders. Older age, lower Mini-Mental State Examination, and higher scores of memory complaint, but not the use of benzodiazepines and of proton pump inhibitors, were predictors of functional status. Conclusion Despite their limits (short sample size, missing data), these results support the idea that adequate screening, follow-up, and treatment of reversible causes of dementia in primary care are essential. 201 202 Brazil Battery Questionnaire (2016 9 SCD (SCD 15, , 15) MCI (MCI 45, 45) 31. . 31) followup, followup follow up, follow-up 8.8% 88 (8.8 28.5% 285 28 5 (28.5 Fiftyseven Fifty seven reassessment 1 46.7%, 467 46.7% 46 (46.7%) 26.7% 267 (26.7% 24.4%, 244 24.4% 24 (24.4%) 4.4% 44 (4.4% 13.4% 134 13 (13.4% 31.1% 311 (31.1% 3 25.8%, 258 25.8% 25 (25.8%) 19.4% 194 19 (19.4% 6.5% 65 (6.5% 22.6% 226 22 (22.6% 25.8%. B B1 disorders age MiniMental Mini Mental Examination complaint inhibitors status short size data, data data) screening essential 20 (201 8.8 (8. 28.5 (28. 46.7 (46.7% 26.7 (26.7 24.4 (24.4% 4.4 (4.4 13.4 (13.4 31.1 (31.1 25.8 (25.8% 19.4 (19.4 6.5 (6.5 22.6 (22.6 (20 8. (8 28. (28 46. (46.7 26. (26. 24. (24.4 4. (4. 13. (13. (31. 25. (25.8 19. (19. 6. (6. 22. (22. (2 ( (46. (26 (24. (4 (13 (31 (25. (19 (6 (22 (46 (24 (1 (3 (25

Resumo Antecedentes Queixas de memória são frequentes em idosos e estão associadas ao maior risco de declínio cognitivo. Objetivo Investigar o desfecho funcional de indivíduos com queixas de memória acompanhados em centros atenção primária. Métodos Os dados foram coletados entre 2016 e 2020 em centros de atenção primária à saúde no Brasil. Os pacientes foram submetidos à Bateria Cognitiva Breve e ao Questionário de Atividades Funcionais. Resultados A amostra inicial (2016) foi composta por 91 indivíduos, classificados como tendo declínio cognitivo subjetivo (DCS, n = 15), comprometimento cognitivo leve (CCL, n = 45), ou demência (n = 31). Durante o seguimento, 8 indivíduos (8,8% da amostra inicial) faleceram e 26 (28,5% da amostra inicial) não foram encontrados. Cinquenta e sete participantes foram submetidos à reavaliação clínica. Dos 15 indivíduos com DCS, 7 não foram encontrados (46,7%), 4 (26,7%) declinaram para CCL e 4 (26,7%) permaneceram estáveis. Dos 45 indivíduos com CCL, 11 não foram encontrados (24,4%), 2 (4,4%) morreram, 6 (13,4%) declinaram para demência, 12 (26,7%) evoluíram para DCS e 14 (31,1%) permaneceram estáveis. Dos 31 indivíduos com demência, 8 não foram encontrados, (25,8%), 6 (19,4%) morreram, 2 (6,5%) evoluíram para DCS e 7 (22,6%) para CCL; e 8 permaneceram estáveis (25,8%). A melhora clínica deveu-se ao tratamento de causas reversíveis, como hipovitaminose B12 e transtornos de humor. A idade avançada, a baixa pontuação no Mini-Exame do Estado Mental e os escores de queixa de memória mais altos, mas não o uso de benzodiazepínicos e inibidores da bomba de prótons, foram preditores de declínio funcional. Conclusão Apesar de suas limitações (amostra pequena, dados ausentes), esses resultados corroboram que a triagem adequada, o acompanhamento e o tratamento de causas reversíveis de demência na atenção primária são essenciais. 201 202 Brasil Funcionais (2016 9 (DCS 15, , 15) (CCL 45, 45) 31. . 31) seguimento 8,8% 88 (8,8 28,5% 285 28 5 (28,5 1 46,7%, 467 46,7% 46 (46,7%) 26,7% 267 (26,7% 24,4%, 244 24,4% 24 (24,4%) 4,4% 44 (4,4% morreram 13,4% 134 13 (13,4% 31,1% 311 (31,1% 3 25,8%, 258 25,8% 25 (25,8%) 19,4% 194 19 (19,4% 6,5% 65 (6,5% 22,6% 226 22 (22,6% 25,8%. deveuse deveu se B B1 humor avançada MiniExame Mini Exame altos prótons pequena ausentes, ausentes ausentes) adequada essenciais 20 (201 8,8 (8, 28,5 (28, 46,7 (46,7% 26,7 (26,7 24,4 (24,4% 4,4 (4,4 13,4 (13,4 31,1 (31,1 25,8 (25,8% 19,4 (19,4 6,5 (6,5 22,6 (22,6 (20 8, (8 28, (28 46, (46,7 26, (26, 24, (24,4 4, (4, 13, (13, 31, (31, 25, (25,8 19, (19, 6, (6, 22, (22, (2 ( (46, (26 (24, (4 (13 (31 (25, (19 (6 (22 (46 (24 (1 (3 (25

ABSTRACT Background: The intensity of dengue virus (DV) replication and circulating non-structural protein 1 (NS1) levels may promote changes in the human immune response and favor severe forms of infection. We investigated the correlations between NS1 with CXCL-8, CXCL-10, IFN-γ, and IL-12p40 serum levels, and IFN-γ receptor α chain (CD119) expression, and CXCL10 production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) stimulated with recombinant IFN-γ in DV-infected patients with different clinical forms. Methods: Dengue virus NS1, CXCL-8, CXCL-10, IFN-γ, and IL-12p40 serum levels were measured in 152 DV-infected patients with different clinical forms and 20 non-infected individuals (NI) using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). In addition, we investigated the CXCL-10 production after in vitro IFN-γ stimulation of PBMCs from 48 DV-infected individuals (with different clinical forms of dengue fever) and 20 NI individuals using ELISA, and CD119 expression on CD14+ cells with flow cytometry. Results: Patients with dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) had significantly higher NS1, CXCL-8, and CXCL-10 serum levels than those with classic dengue fever (DF). The response of PBMCs to IFN-γ stimulation was lower in patients with DHF than in those with DF or dengue with complications (DWC), with lower CD119 expression and reduced CXCL-10 synthesis. In addition, these alterations are associated with high NS1 serum levels. Conclusions: Patients with DHF reported high NS1 levels, low CD119 expression, and low CXCL-10 synthesis in PBMCs, which may be associated with infection progression and severity. Background DV (DV nonstructural non structural NS (NS1 CXCL8, CXCL8 CXCL 8, 8 CXCL-8 CXCL10, 10, 10 IFNγ, IFNγ IFN γ, γ IL12p40 ILp IL 12p40 p IL-12p4 CD (CD119 CXCL1 (PBMCs DVinfected infected Methods 15 2 noninfected (NI enzymelinked enzyme linked ELISA. ELISA . (ELISA) addition CXCL-1 4 CD11 CD14 cytometry Results (DHF DF. (DF) DWC, DWC , (DWC) Conclusions severity (NS CXCL- IL12p4 12p4 IL-12p (CD11 (ELISA CD1 (DF (DWC IL12p 12p (CD1 (CD

ABSTRACT Background: The objective of this study is to characterize the diversity and genetic structure of A. colubrina in three Atlantic Forest fragments in the south of Espírito Santo state, using Inter Simple Sequence Repeats (ISSR) molecular markers. Genomic DNA from 85 trees was analyzed using 12 ISSR primers, generating 147 fragments, of which 109 were polymorphic (74%). Markers were characterized as moderately informative, with a mean polymorphic informational content of 0.34. Results: Low genetic diversity was found for the three fragments and in the total sample, based on Nei’s diversity parameters (H* = 0.26) and Shannon’s index (I* = 0.38). In the dissimilarity analysis, four groups were observed in the dendrogram with an exclusive clustering trend by location. The analysis of molecular variance confirmed that most of the genetic variation is found within populations (73.50%), however, with high genetic differentiation between them (Φ ST = 0.26). This result was supported by the Bayesian approach that indicated genetically structured populations. Conclusion: The data obtained reveal that forest fragmentation affected the diversity and genetic structure of A. colubrina and allow expanding knowledge for the development of effective strategies for the conservation and management of the species. Background A state (ISSR markers 8 1 primers 14 10 74%. 74 74% . (74%) informative 034 0 34 0.34 Results sample Neis Nei s H* H (H 0.26 026 26 Shannons Shannon I* I (I 0.38. 038 0.38 38 0.38) location 73.50%, 7350 73.50% , 73 50 (73.50%) however Φ 0.26. Conclusion species 7 (74% 03 3 0.3 0.2 02 2 735 73.50 5 (73.50% (74 0. 73.5 (73.50 (7 73. (73.5 ( (73. (73

Abstract Objective: This is a retrospective cohort study to analyze the long-term outcomes of thoracolumbar spine fracture patients who underwent minimally invasive percutaneous fixation. Methods: The cases of 17 patients with thoracolumbar spine fractures who had percutaneous fixation between 2009 and 2011 were the subject of a retrospective analysis. Clinical and radiographic variables were collected. For the clinical evaluation the questionnaires SF-36 and Oswestry were used. Radiographic parameters were evaluated using fracture’s classification based on Magerls’s criteria, the fractured vertebra’s wedging angle, and the affected segment’s segmental Cobb angle. The measures were made at different stages: before surgery, immediately after surgery, one year later, and at a late follow-up (5 years later). Trauma associated injuries, postsurgical and implant related complications were among the additional information taken into account. Results: The SF-36 questionnaire showed averages above 63,5% in all domains in the late postoperative data (from 5 years after the surgery). Oswestry questionnaire answers showed minimal or no physical limitations in 80% of the patients with a mean score of 10,8% ± 10,5. The average preoperative Cobb angle value was 5,53º ± 13,80º of kyphosis, the immediate postoperative 2,18º ± 13,38º of kyphosis, one year postoperative 5,26 ± 13,95º of kyphosis, and the late follow-up 8,78º ± 15,06º of kyphosis. The mean correction was 3,35º, and mean loss of correction was 6,6º. There were no complications observed, no case of neurological deficit, infection or implant failure occurred. Conclusion: Thoracolumbar vertebrae fractures can be surgically treated with positive late clinical and radiological outcomes and low complication rates using a minimally invasive percutaneous method. Objective longterm long term Methods 1 200 201 analysis collected SF36 SF 36 SF-3 used s Magerlss Magerls criteria vertebras vertebra segments segment stages surgery later followup follow up ( later. . later) injuries account Results 635 63 63,5 from surgery. surgery) 80 108 10 8 10,8 105 10,5 553º º 53º 1380º 13 80º kyphosis 218º 2 18º 1338º 38º 526 26 5,2 1395º 95º 878º 78º 1506º 15 06º 335º 3 35º 3,35º 66º 6 6º 6,6º observed deficit occurred Conclusion method 20 SF3 SF- 63, 10, 52 5,

Resumo Objetivo: Este é um estudo de coorte retrospectivo para analisar os desfechos em longo prazo de pacientes com fratura da coluna toracolombar submetidos à fixação percutânea minimamente invasiva. Métodos: Os casos de 17 pacientes com fraturas da coluna toracolombar submetidos à fixação percutânea entre 2009 e 2011 foram objeto de análise retrospectiva. Variáveis clínicas e radiográficas foram coletadas. A avaliação clínica foi baseada nos questionários SF-36 e Oswestry. Os parâmetros radiográficos foram avaliados de acordo com a classificação de fratura baseada nos critérios de Magerls, o ângulo de cunha da vértebra fraturada e o ângulo de Cobb do segmento acometido. As medidas foram feitas em diferentes momentos: antes da cirurgia, imediatamente após a cirurgia, um ano depois e no acompanhamento tardio (cinco anos depois). Lesões associadas a traumas, complicações pós-cirúrgicas e relacionadas a implantes também foram consideradas. Resultados: O questionário SF-36 apresentou médias acima de 63,5% em todos os domínios no período pós-operatório tardio (a partir de cinco anos após a cirurgia). As respostas do questionário Oswestry mostraram limitações físicas mínimas ou nulas em 80% dos pacientes, com pontuação média de 10,8% ± 10,5%. O valor médio do ângulo de Cobb foi de 5,53º± 13,80º de cifose no período pré-operatório, 2,18º ± 13,38º de cifose no pós-operatório imediato, 5,26 ±13,95º de cifose no pós-operatório de um ano e de 8,78º ± 15,06º de cifose no período pós-operatório tardio. A correção média foi de 3,35º e a perda média de correção foi de 6,6º. Não foram observadas complicações, casos de déficit neurológico, infecções ou falhas do implante. Conclusão: As fraturas das vértebras toracolombares podem ser tratadas cirurgicamente com desfechos clínicos e radiológicos tardios positivos e baixas taxas de complicações usando um método percutâneo minimamente invasivo. Objetivo invasiva Métodos 1 200 201 retrospectiva coletadas SF36 SF 36 SF-3 Magerls acometido momentos cirurgia depois. . depois) traumas póscirúrgicas pós cirúrgicas consideradas Resultados 635 63 5 63,5 pósoperatório operatório cirurgia. cirurgia) 80 108 10 8 10,8 105 10,5% 553º º 53º 5,53º 1380º 13 80º préoperatório, préoperatório pré operatório, pré-operatório 218º 2 18º 1338º 38º imediato 526 26 5,2 1395º 95º 878º 78º 1506º 15 06º 335º 3 35º 66º 6 6º 6,6º neurológico implante Conclusão invasivo 20 SF3 SF- 63, 10, 10,5 52 5,

ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the effect of including an emulsifier (soybean lecithin) and two lipid sources (soybean oil and chicken fat) on the performance and intestinal morphology of broiler chickens. A total of 576 one-day-old Cobb® 500 male chicks were housed in a completely randomized design, with treatments divided in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement (with and without emulsifier and two lipid sources – soybean oil or chicken fat), totaling four treatments with eight replications and 18 chicks per plot. The experimental diets were formulated to be isoenergetic and isoproteic. The use of chicken fat improved the live weight at the starter rearing stage. However, the use of the emulsifier improved the live weight at the grower and finisher phases. No interaction effect was observed between treatments for performance. The intestinal morphology showed an increase in duodenal villus height with the use of chicken fat and emulsifier. The ileum had an increase in villus height in chickens fed the diet with soybean oil and emulsifier. Supplementation of the emulsifier resulted in positive results in the live weight of chickens at 35 and 42 days of age, in addition to increasing the villus height in the small intestine. lecithin 57 onedayold one day old Cobb 50 design fat, , 1 plot isoproteic stage However phases 3 4 age intestine 5

Abstract This study scrutinizes structural racism’s influence on the training and work of Black professionals in primary health care (PHC) in Rio de Janeiro, particularly focusing on the experiences of Black female physicians. Employing a qualitative approach via a Focus Group, conducted in November 2022, we adopted symbolic interactionism to interpret racism-related experiences. Our findings encompass two primary dimensions: the manifestation of structural and institutional racism within the Unified Health System (SUS), and how racism permeates health work processes and consequences. Results highlight enduring impacts, spanning education to PHC roles, hindering healthcare process recalibration. Participants identify institutional and structural racism, from managerial neglect to territorial violence and physician scarcity, constraining comprehensive care. It is crucial to unveil and grasp racism’s structural essence within healthcare, aligned with the vision of health as a fundamental right.

Resumo Trata-se de estudo sobre o racismo estrutural na formação e na ocupação de trabalhadoras e trabalhadores negros atuando na atenção primária à saúde (APS) no município do Rio de Janeiro, a partir da experiência de médicas negras. Realizou-se um estudo qualitativo, utilizando grupo focal, conduzido em novembro de 2022. Utilizou-se o interacionismo simbólico como referência para a interpretação relacionada às situações que compõem as experiências/vivências a partir do racismo. Os achados foram reunidos em dois eixos: manifestação do racismo estrutural e institucional no âmbito do SUS; e como o racismo atravessa os processos de trabalho em saúde e suas repercussões. Os resultados revelam uma continuidade das implicações do racismo desde a formação de médicas negras até o trabalho na APS, tornando-se um obstáculo na reorganização do processo de trabalho na perspectiva territorial de atenção à saúde. As participantes identificam o racismo institucional e estrutural na negligência da gestão, na violência do território e na vacância de médicos nas equipes desses territórios, limitando a oferta de um cuidado adequado. É necessário desvelar e aprofundar a compreensão do caráter estrutural do racismo da organização do trabalho em saúde, tendo como imagem-objetivo a saúde como direito.