Pesquisa | SciELO

ABSTRACT Chrysanthemum (Dendranthema grandiflora) is the second most produced and commercialized ornamental plant in the world. Measuring leaf area through non-destructive methods is fundamental for studies on its growth and production. The estimation of leaf area by linear dimensions of the leaves can be a strategy for this purpose. The objective of this study was to find allometric equations to estimate the leaf area of chrysanthemum. The linear, linear without intercept, quadratic, cubic, power, and exponential regression models were used for the analysis. The choice of equations was based on the highest coefficients of determination. The non-destructive method using allometric models has accuracy for estimating the leaf area (LA) of chrysanthemum from the product between leaf length (L) and leaf width (W). The LA of chrysanthemum can be estimated using the equation ŷ = 0.6611*LW0.9490 (L - leaf length; W - leaf width). This equation will allow researchers and producers to determine leaf area non-destructively.

RESUMO O crisântemo (Dendranthema grandiflora) é a segunda planta ornamental mais produzida e comercializada no mundo. A medição da área foliar por métodos não destrutivos é fundamental para estudos sobre seu crescimento e produção. A estimativa da área foliar por dimensões lineares das folhas pode ser uma estratégia para este fim. O objetivo deste estudo foi encontrar equações alométricas para estimar a área foliar do crisântemo. Os modelos de regressão linear, linear sem intercepto, quadrático, cúbico, potência e exponencial foram utilizados para a análise. A escolha das equações foi baseada nos maiores coeficientes de determinação. O método não destrutivo por meio de modelos alométricos tem acurácia para estimar a área foliar (AF) do crisântemo a partir do produto entre o comprimento da folha (C) e a largura da folha (L). A AF do crisântemo pode ser estimada pela equação ŷ = 0,6611*CL0,9490 (C - comprimento da folha; L - largura da folha). Essa equação permitirá que pesquisadores e produtores determinem a área foliar de forma não destrutiva.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v27n12p934-940

Antiulcer mechanisms of the hydroalcoholic extract from Aztec marigolds’ medicinal and edible flowers (Tagetes erecta L.)
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MEURER, MARIANE

; FELISBINO, FABIULA

; MÜLLER, FABIANA B.

; SOMENSI, LINCON B.

; CURY, BENHUR J.

; JERÔNIMO, DANIELE T.

; VENZON, LARISSA

; FRANÇA, TAUANI C.S.

; MARIOTT, MARIHÁ

; SANTOS, ANA C.

; NUNES, RUAN KAIO S.

; BOEING, THAISE

; BELLA-CRUZ, ALEXANDRE

; SOUZA, PRISCILA DE

; ROMAN-JUNIOR, WALTER A.

; ARUNACHALAM, KARUPPUSAMY

; OLIVEIRA, RUBERLEI G.

; SILVA, LUISA M.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2023, Volume 95 Supl. 1 elocation e20220427

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract The antiulcer mechanisms of the dry extract of T. erecta flowers (DETe) were studied here. The acute ulcers induced by acidified ethanol or indomethacin were reproduced in mice pretreated with DETe (3 - 300 mg/kg). The antiulcer activity of DETe was also verified in mice pretreated with NEM, L-NAME, indomethacin, or yohimbine. The antisecretory effect of DETe was verified in rats, and its anti-Helicobacter pylori activity was determined in vitro. DETe (300 mg/kg, p.o) reduced the ethanol- or indomethacin-induced ulcer by 49 and 93%, respectively. The pre-treatment with L-NAME, NEM or yohimbine abolished the gastroprotective effect of DETe. However, DETe did not change the volume, acidity, or peptic activity in rats and did not affect H. pylori. This study expands knowledge about the antiulcerogenic potential of DETe, evidencing the role of nitric oxide, non-protein sulfhydryl groups, α2 adrenergic receptors, and prostaglandins, but not antisecretory or anti-H. pylori properties.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202320220427

Synthesis and Evaluation of the Antileishmanial Activity of Novel Eugenol Analogs Containing 1,2,3-Triazole Fragments against Intracellular Leishmania braziliensis
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Evangelista, Roberta S.

; Pereira, Larissa C.

; Souza, Luciana Â. de

; Costa, Adilson V.

; Silva, Danilo A. da

; Oliveira, Fabrício M. de

; Vaz, Boniek G.

; Bressan, Gustavo C.

; Fietto, Juliana L. R.

; Teixeira, Róbson R.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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2023, Volume 34 Nº 12 Páginas 1810 - 1824

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

This investigation describes the synthesis of eugenol analogs presenting 1,2,3-triazole fragments and evaluation of their antileishmanial activity. The alkylation of guaiacol (1) with allyl bromide afforded 1-(allyloxy)-2-methoxybenzene (2) (93% yield). The Claisen rearrangement conducted with 1 gave ortho eugenol (3) (82% yield). Alkylation procedures performed with 3 produced 1-allyl-3-methoxy-2-(prop-2-yn-1-yloxy)benzene (4) (73% yield) and 1-allyl-3-methoxy-2-(pent-4-yn-1-yloxy)benzene (6) (53% yield). The copper(I)-catalyzed alkyne-azide cycloaddition (CuAAC) reactions involving alkynes 4 and 6 with different benzylic azides afforded twenty-two eugenol analogs with 1,2,3-triazole functionalities (48-93% yield). We screened the compounds at 10 μmol L 1 against Leishmania braziliensis intracellular amastigotes during macrophage infection. The action of these compounds was compared with the known leishmanicidal drug amphotericin B. None of the analogs were toxic to macrophages at 10 μmol L-1. The cytotoxic concentration at 50% (CC50), effective concentration at 50% (EC50), and selectivity index (SI) were determined to the best compounds 4-((2-allyl-6-methoxy)phenoxymethyl)-1-(4-chlorobenzyl)-1 H-1,2,3-triazole (8c) and 4-((2-allyl-6-methoxy)phenoxymethyl)-1-(4-trifluoromethoxybenzyl)-1 H-1,2,3-triazole (8h). They showed a significant leishmanicidal effect, with EC50 of 28.09 µmol L-1 (8c) and 52.03 µmol L-1 (8h). The SIs were 9.7 for 8c and > 5.7 for 8h. These compounds have the potential as new leishmanicidal agents against L. braziliensis and may represent a starting point for the development of alternative treatments for cutaneous leishmaniasis.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20230073

Selection of entomopathogenic fungi to control stink bugs and cotton boll weevil1
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Sousa, Larissa Moreira de

; Quintela, Eliane Dias

; Boaventura, Heloiza Alves

; Silva, José Francisco Arruda e

; Tripode, Bruna Mendes Diniz

; Miranda, José Ednilson

Pesquisa Agropecuária Tropical

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2023, Volume 53 elocation e76316

Resumo: En Pt | Texto: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT Entomopathogenic fungi stand out in the biological control of several agriculturally important insects. Six isolates of Metarhizium anisopliae, Cordyceps javanica, Beauveria sp. and B. bassiana were screened to control Anthonomus grandis, Euschistus heros, Oebalus poecilus, O. ypsilongriseus and Thyanta perditor, important insect pests of soybean, cotton and rice. The bioassays were conducted in a completely randomized design, with four replications (10 insects/replication). Significant differences for virulence were observed between the tested fungal species and isolates. For A. grandis, the most virulent isolate was M. anisopliae BRM 2335, followed by Beauveria BRM 14527 and BRM 67744 [82.5 to 97.5 % of mortality; average lethal time (LT50) of 5.9 to 7.8 days]. M. anisopliae BRM 2335 was also highly virulent to the four stink bug species (75 to 97.5 % of mortality; LT50 of 5.2 to 9.7 days). For the stink bugs, Beauveria sp. BRM 67744 was infectious to O. poecilus (75 % of mortality), but failed to control E. heros (16.9 % of mortality). C. javanica BRM 27666 and BRM 14526 showed average virulence to the stink bugs and A. grandis (17.5 to 57.3 % of mortality; LT50 of 6.0 to 9.7 days). M. anisopliae was consistently more virulent to the stink bugs than the other fungi. Therefore, M. anisopliae BRM 2335 was selected for further studies under screenhouse and field conditions to control A. grandis and other stink bug species, especially E. heros.

RESUMO Os fungos entomopatogênicos destacam-se no controle biológico de diversos insetos de importância agrícola. Seis isolados de Metarhizium anisopliae, Cordyceps javanica, Beauveria sp. e B. bassiana foram selecionados para o controle de Anthonomus grandis, Euschistus heros, Oebalus poecilus, O. ypsilongriseus e Thyanta perditor, importantes insetos-pragas da soja, algodão e arroz. Os bioensaios foram conduzidos em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com quatro repetições (10 insetos/repetição). Foram observadas diferenças significativas, em termos de virulência, entre as espécies fúngicas e isolados testados. Para A. grandis, M. anisopliae BRM 2335 foi o isolado mais virulento, seguido por Beauveria BRM 14527 e BRM 67744 [82,5 a 97,5 % de mortalidade; tempo letal médio (TL50) de 5,9 a 7,8 dias]. M. anisopliae BRM 2335 também foi altamente virulento para as quatro espécies de percevejo (75 a 97,5 % de mortalidade; TL50 de 5,2 a 9,7 dias). Para os percevejos, Beauveria sp. BRM 67744 foi infeccioso para O. poecilus (75 % de mortalidade), mas falhou no controle de E. heros (16,9 % de mortalidade). C. javanica BRM 27666 e BRM 14526 apresentaram virulência mediana para os percevejos e A. grandis (17,5 a 57,3 % de mortalidade; TL50 de 6,0 a 9,7 dias). M. anisopliae foi consistentemente mais virulento aos percevejos do que os outros fungos. Portanto, M. anisopliae BRM 2335 foi selecionado para estudos posteriores em casa telada e campo para o controle de A. grandis e outras espécies de percevejo, principalmente E. heros.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-40632023v5376316

Formulation of diets for slow-growing broilers slaughtered at different ages on carcass characteristics and composition of commercial cuts
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SILVA, LARISSA A.R.

; NASCIMENTO, KARINA MÁRCIA R. DE SOUZA

; GOMES, MARINA DE N.B.

; KIEFER, CHARLES

; COPAT, LUANNA L.P.

; SILVA, THIAGO R. DA

; CHAVES, NATÁLIA R.B.

; FREITAS, HENRIQUE B. DE

; MACIE, VIOLETA A.

; ROSA, MAURÍCIO S.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2023, Volume 95 Nº 4 elocation e20191374

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract This study was conducted to examine the effects of a diet formulated with industrial amino acids and a commercial vitamin-mineral mixture on the characteristics of carcass and meat cuts of slow-growing broilers slaughtered at different ages. The experiment involved 600 one-day-old male and female white Naked Neck chicks. The chicks were allotted randomly to a 2 × 3 factorial arrangement consisting of two diets and three slaughter ages, in a completely randomized experimental design with five replicates of 20 birds each. The experimental period was 84 days. Six chicks were selected and slaughtered on the first day, and then at 56, 70 and 84 days of age 10 birds unit was selected and slaughtered per experimental period. Weight and yield of carcass, abdominal fat and breast, thigh and drumstick meat were determined. Additionally, moisture, protein, fat and mineral matter contents and protein and fat deposition in the breast, drumstick and thigh muscles were determined. The diet did not influence the yields of carcass, abdominal fat, or meat cuts or the nutritional composition of meat. Slaughter age influenced the yields of breast and thigh meat and abdominal fat; the protein content of breast meat; and the moisture, crude protein, fat, and mineral matter contents of drumstick and thigh meat. There was an interaction effect between diet and slaughter age for protein deposition in breast meat. The age factor influenced fat deposition in the drumstick muscles. Protein deposition in the thigh muscles was influenced by the diet. Moreover, a difference was observed between the ages for protein and fat deposition in the thigh muscle. In conclusion, the use of a commercial mixture in the diet results in decreased protein deposition in the breast and thigh muscles, although this difference does not affect the characteristics of carcass or meat cuts. Birds slaughtered at 70 days exhibit similar carcass characteristics to those of birds slaughtered at 84 days, indicating the possibility of an earlier slaughter age.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202320191374

Assessment of morphophysiological and genotypic diversity of endophytic bacteria isolated from rice (Oryza sativa L.) plants
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Leonardo-Silva, Lucas

; Silva, Larissa B. da

; Ferreira, Enderson P. de B.

; Reis, Karina F. D. N. S. dos

; Naves, Plínio L. F.

; Martin-Didonet, Claudia C. G.

Revista Caatinga

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2023, Volume 36 Nº 4 Páginas 775 - 784

Resumo: En Pt | Texto: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT Rice production in Brazil incurs high costs due to the significant use of agrochemicals. Some plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) can be used as alternative to fertilizers and phytosanitary products. Thus, the objective of this study was to characterize endophytic bacteria isolated from roots of rice plants. The isolates were characterized based on colony morphology, antibiotic resistance, carbon sources utilization, enzyme activity (catalase, amylase, protease, cellulase, and lipase), inorganic phosphate solubilization, and the 16S-23S rDNA intergenic region. Morphologically, 68% of the isolates presented a rapid growth rate, 46% presented abundant mucus production, and 77% formed viscous colonies. All isolates were resistant to nalidixic acid and 16% presented resistance to streptomycin. The majority (90%) used monosaccharides and disaccharides in carbon source assays. Most of the isolates (95%) were positive for catalase and 63.6% were positive for amylase, protease, lipase, and cellulase activities. Additionally, 59% of them were able to solubilize phosphate. The mean enzymatic index for amylase, cellulase, and protease was 2.8, 3.5, and 1.7 respectively. The similarity analysis revealed high diversity among the isolates, with similarity indices of 70% (based on morphological characteristics) and 60% (based on the intergenic region 16S-23S rDNA). Considering morphophysiological and genotypic characteristics, three promising isolates should be evaluated in studies under field conditions for the potential development of bioproducts to replace industrially manufactured inputs in rice crops.

RESUMO O arroz apresenta altos custos de produção no Brasil devido ao elevado uso de agroquímicos. Algumas rizobactérias promotoras de crescimento de plantas (PGPR) podem ser utilizadas como alternativa aos fertilizantes e produtos fitossanitários. Este trabalho teve como objetivo caracterizar bactérias endofíticas obtidas de raízes de arroz. A caracterização dos isolados foi baseada na morfologia da colônia, resistência a antibióticos, uso de fontes de carbono, atividade enzimática (catalase, amilase, protease, celulase e lipase), solubilização de fosfato inorgânico e região intergênica do 16S-23S rDNA. Com base na morfologia, 68% dos isolados apresentaram crescimento rápido, 46% apresentaram produção abundante de muco e 77% apresentaram colônia viscosa. Todos os isolados foram resistentes ao ácido nalidíxico e 16% deles à estreptomicina. A maioria dos isolados (90%) utilizou monossacarídeos e dissacarídeos no ensaio da fonte de carbono. A maioria dos isolados (95%) foi positiva para catalase e 63,6% foram positivas para amilase, protease, lipase e celulase. Além disso, 59% foram capazes de solubilizar o fosfato. A média do índice enzimático para amilase, celulase e protease foi de 2,8, 3,5 e 1,7, respectivamente. A análise de similaridade revelou alta diversidade entre os isolados, com índice de similaridade de 70% (baseado nas características morfológicas) e 60% (baseado na análise da região intergênica 16S-23S rDNA). Com base nas características morfofisiológicas e genotípicas, três isolados promissores devem ser avaliados em estudos futuros em condições de campo, podendo gerar bioprodutos destinados a substituir insumos industrializados na cultura do arroz.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252023v36n405rc

Spondias purpurea L. Stem Bark Extract: Antioxidant and in vitro Photoprotective Activities
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Rodrigues, Francisco Alessandro M.

; Giffony, Priscylla S.

; Santos, Sarah B. F. dos

; Guedes, Jhonyson A. C.

; Ribeiro, Maria Elenir N. P.

; Araújo, Tamara G. de

; Silva, Larissa M. R. da

; Zocolo, Guilherme J.

; Ricardo, Nágila M. P. S.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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Out 2021, Volume 32 Nº 10 Páginas 1918 - 1930

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Plant phenolic extracts are widely recognized as an important source of natural antioxidant substances and potential compounds for cosmetic formulations. This study aimed to evaluate the chemical profile, photoprotective and antioxidant activities of stem bark extract of Spondias purpurea L. (ciriguela) and its application in photoprotective formulations. Thirty phenolic constituents were annotated by ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with an electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry in mode negative (UPLC-QTOF-MS2). The stem bark extract antioxidant and chelation potential, expressed in half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50), showed 6.25 and 352.22 µg mL−1, respectively. The phenolic extract was used as an active ingredient in six sunscreen formulations, with concentrations ranging from 0.2 to 10%. The ultraviolet (UV) protection properties of the formulations were evaluated by sun protection factor (SPF) values obtained in 0.2 mg mL−1 (0.495 to 2.27) and 2.0 mg mL−1 (2.29 to 15.87). The SPF value for the extract (14.37 and 26.16) was high, but there was a reduction in the base formulation. However, these results suggested that the bioactive extracted of stem bark of Spondias purpurea L. has interesting potential to reduce the damage caused by UV radiation and may be utilized as an active ingredient in a sunscreen formulation.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20210082 46 downloads

USE OF RESIDUES FROM THE CELLULOSE INDUSTRY AND SUGARCANE BAGASSE IN PARTICLEBOARDS
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da Silva, Sérgio A. M.

; Minillo, Larissa Q.

; Aquino, Vinícius B. de M.

; Lahr, Francisco A. R.

; Christoforo, André L.

Engenharia Agrícola

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Fev 2021, Volume 41 Nº 1 Páginas 107 - 111

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT The use of alternative materials such as lignocellulosic residues in the production of particleboards has increased considering that these residues are produced in large volumes and often do not have an appropriate destination. This research studied the use of residues from cellulose industries, sugarcane bagasse, and castor oil-based polyurethane resin in the production of wooden panels and evaluated the influence of using these residues on the physical and mechanical properties of the panels. The products were manufactured according to the Brazilian standard ABNT NBR 14810 and the requirements of the panels were evaluated based on national and international standards. All treatments partially met the regulatory requirements. The addition of bagasse led to an improvement in physical and mechanical properties, with treatment 2 (50% wood residue and 50% bagasse) presenting the best performance, which indicates the possibility of using panels with residues with non-structural purpose in environments to improve the thermoacoustic performance of rural buildings. The statistical analysis indicated that the percentage of bagasse was significant, improving the evaluated properties.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-4430-eng.agric.v41n1p107-111/2021 316 downloads

Volatile compounds in off-odor honey
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Silva, Bruno Rafael da

; D’Apolito, Carlos

; Botelho, Sílvia Carvalho Campos

; Cavalheiro, Larissa

; Andrade, Ednaldo Antônio de

; Wobeto, Carmen

Ciência Rural

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2021, Volume 51 Nº 7 elocation e20200387

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO: As condições climáticas da região Centro-Norte do Estado de Mato Grosso são favoráveis a apicultura, contudo ocorrem prejuízos nesta cadeia produtiva desde 2011 devido a produção de mel com odor indesejável, o que impossibilitou sua comercialização. Relatos dos apicultores apontaram relação da ocorrência do odor indesejável no mel com o néctar Borreria verticillata (L.) G. Mey (Rubiaceae). Neste estudo foi avaliado a origem botânica e o perfil de voláteis de méis (M1 até M10) com odor indesejável e das flores de B. verticillata. Foi realizada a análise polínica do mel e também sensorial, empregando-se uma escala de um a quatro pontos, em que um refere-se a nenhum odor desagradável e quatro, extremo odor desagradável. A análise de compostos voláteis no mel e nas flores de B. verticillata foi realizada utilizando microextração em fase sólida por headspace e cromatografia gasosa acoplada a detector por espectrometria de massas. Os méis investigados foram classificados desde muito a extremo odor desagradável, exceto os méis M4 e M5, que não diferiram do mel controle (sem odor indesejável). Os méis M1 até M4, M7 e M9 eram monoflorais de B. verticillata, enquanto M5, M6, M8 e M10 o pólen B. verticillata era acessório. Todavia, não foi observada correlação quantitativa entre o teor deste pólen e o atributo odor indesejável. O escatol foi identificado nos méis investigados, exceto em M4, M5 e mel controle. Estes resultados sugerem que o escatol contribuiu para o atributo odor desagradável do produto. Contudo, mais estudos devem ser conduzidos para investigar a origem do odor indesejável, porque o escatol não foi transferido diretamente das flores para o mel.

ABSTRACT: Climatic conditions in the mid-northern region of Mato Grosso State in Brazil are favorable for beekeeping. However, since 2011, the honey production chain has suffered losses because the production of off-odor honey has made it impossible to market the honey. Reports from beekeepers indicated a relationship between the off-odor in the honey and the nectar of Borreria verticillata (L.) G. Mey (Rubiaceae). In this study, the botanical origins and volatile profiles of ten off-odor honeys (H1-H10) and flowers of B. verticillata were evaluated. Palynological and sensorial analyses of the honeys were performed; a scale from 1 to 4 was applied for the sensorial analysis, in which 1 indicates no off-odor and 4 indicates extreme off-odor. Analysis of volatile was performed by using headspace solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy methods. The honeys investigated were classified with very high to intense off-odors, except H4 and H5, which did not differ from the control honey (no off-odor). Palynological analyses showed that honeys H1-H4, H7, and H9 were monofloral from B. verticillata, whereas in H5, H6, H8, and H10 this pollen were accessory. However, there was no quantitative correlation between the B. verticillata pollen content and the off-odor attributes of the honeys. Skatole was identified in all of the honeys except H4, H5, and the control honeys, suggesting that skatole contributed to the off-odor attributes of the products. However, further studies are required to investigate the origin of the skatole because it is not transferred directly from B. verticillata flowers to the honey.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20200387 537 downloads

10.

Monitoring the outbreak of equine glanders in Alagoas, Brazil: Clinical, immunological, molecular, and anatomopathological findings
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Rocha, Larissa Otaviano da

; Lima, Luiz André Rodrigues de

; Albuquerque, Rosângela Maria Santos de

; Lages, Sônia Luisa Silva

; Nunes, Annelise Castanha Barreto Tenório

; Castro, Roberto Soares de

; Mota, Rinaldo Aparecido

; Silva, Karla Patrícia Chaves da

; Falcão, Marcus Vinícius Dias

Ciência Rural

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2021, Volume 51 Nº 12 elocation e20200834

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO: O mormo é uma enfermidade infectocontagiosa e frequentemente letal, aguda ou crônica, caracterizada por lesões respiratórias, linfáticas e cutâneas em equídeos, porém de caráter zoonótico. Objetivou-se acompanhar o desenvolvimento dos sinais clínicos e de lesões em animais infectados naturalmente por B. mallei em diferentes propriedades de criação de equídeos, e isolar e caracterizar a bactéria causadora da doença. Foram estudados dois focos oficiais para o mormo no estado de Alagoas. Realizou-se o acompanhamento clinico e imunológico dos animais nos focos, eutanásia e exame anatomopatológico dos animais, além de colheita de material para diagnóstico através de técnicas de isolamento, fenotípicas, moleculares e prova biológica. Neste estudo não se observou um padrão clínico para o diagnóstico do mormo em animais infectados com a mesma cepa de B. mallei. O diagnóstico precoce da infecção deve ser realizado por meio de testes imunológicos de elevada sensibilidade e especificidade. Nos casos assintomáticos e positivos nos testes oficiais é importante a realização do exame anatomopatológico, microbiológico e molecular.

ABSTRACT: Glanders is an infectious and often lethal zoonotic disease of equines caused by the bacterium, Burkholderia mallei. This condition is characterized by respiratory, lymphatic, and cutaneous lesions. In this study, we monitored the development of clinical symptoms in animals naturally infected with B. mallei across different equine breeds and also isolated and characterized the disease-causing bacteria. We studied two official glanders outbreaks in the state of Alagoas, Brazil. During the outbreaks, we performed clinical and immunological follow-up of the animals, as well as euthanasia and anatomopathological examination. We also collected diagnostic materials for isolative, phenotypic, molecular, and biological testing. We did not observe any clinical patterns of glanders among animals infected with the same strain of B. mallei. Based on our results, we suggest that early diagnosis of infection should be made through highly sensitive and specific immunoassays. In asymptomatic but positive test cases, we confirmed the importance of conducting pathological, microbiological, and molecular examinations.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20200834

11.

Baryon Acoustic Oscillations from Integrated Neutral Gas Observations: an instrument to observe the 21cm hydrogen line in the redshift range 0.13 < z < 0.45 – status update
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WUENSCHE, CARLOS A.

; ABDALLA, ELCIO

; ABDALLA, FILIPE

; BAROSI, LUCIANO

; WANG, BIN

; AN, RUI

; BARRETOS, JOÃO A. M.

; BATTYE, RICHARD

; BRITO, FRANCISCO A.

; BROWNE, IAN

; CORREIA, DANIEL

; COSTA, ANDRÉ A.

; DELABROUILLE, JACQUES

; DICKINSON, CLIVE

; FENG, CHANG

; FERREIRA, ELISA G. M.

; FORNAZIER, KARIN

; DE GASPERIS, GIANCARLO

; GUTIERREZ, PRISCILA

; HARPER, STUART

; LANDIM, RICARDO G.

; LICCARDO, VINCENZO

; MA, YIN-ZHE

; MACHADO, TELMO

; MAFFEI, BRUNO

; MARINS, ALESSANDRO

; MENDES, MILENA M. M.

; MERICIA, EDUARDO

; MONSTEIN, CHRISTIAN

; MOTTA, PABLO

; NOVAES, CAMILA

; OTOBONE, CARLOS H.

; PEEL, MICHAEL

; QUEIROZ, AMILCAR R.

; RADCLIFFE, CHRISTOPHER

; REMAZEILLES, MATHIEU

; RIBEIRO, RAFAEL M. G.

; SANG, YU

; SANTOS, JULIANA F. R.

; SANTOS, LARISSA

; SANTOS, MARCELO. V.

; SHAN, CHENXI

; SILVA, GUSTAVO B.

; VIEIRA, FREDERICO

; VIEIRA, JORDANY

; VILLELA, THYRSO

; XIAO, LINFENG

; YANG, WEIQIANG

; ZHANG, JIAJUN

; ZHANG, XUE

; ZHU, ZENGHAO

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2021, Volume 93 elocation e20201096

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract BINGO (BAO from Integrated Neutral Gas Observations) is a unique radio telescope designed to map the intensity of neutral hydrogen distribution at cosmological distances, making the first detection of Baryon Acoustic Oscillations (BAO) in the frequency band 980 MHz - 1260 MHz, corresponding to a redshift range 0.127 < z < 0.449. BAO is one of the most powerful probes of cosmological parameters and BINGO was designed to detect the BAO signal to a level that makes it possible to put new constraints on the equation of state of dark energy. The telescope will be built in Paraíba, Brazil and consists of two \thicksim 40m mirrors, a feedhorn array of 50 horns, and no moving parts, working as a drift-scan instrument. It will cover a 15 ^{\circ} ∘ declination strip centered at \sim \delta ∼ δ =-15 ^{\circ} ∘, mapping \sim ∼ 5400 square degrees in the sky. The BINGO consortium is led by University of São Paulo with co-leadership at National Institute for Space Research and Campina Grande Federal University (Brazil). Telescope subsystems have already been fabricated and tested, and the dish and structure fabrication are expected to start in late 2020, as well as the road and terrain preparation.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202120201096 413 downloads

12.

EFFECTS OF SOIL WATER AVAILABILITY AND ORGANIC MATTER CONTENT ON FRUIT YIELD AND SEED OIL CONTENT OF CASTOR BEAN1
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Lacerda, Rogério D. de

; Almeida, Larissa C.

; Guerra, Hugo O. C.

; Silva, José E. B. da

Engenharia Agrícola

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Dez 2020, Volume 40 Nº 6 Páginas 703 - 710

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to assess the sensitivity of the castor bean cultivar “BRS 188 Paraguaçu” to available soil water for plants and soil organic matter content based on their effects on fruit yield and seed oil content. A 2 × 4 factorial experiment was conducted from October 2008 to March 2009 under field conditions using randomized complete block design; two soil organic matter contents (5.0 and 25.0 g·kg−1) and four available soil water levels for plants at the irrigation time (70, 80, 90, and 100% of the total available soil water) with three replicates were tested. On each experimental unit measuring 100 m2, 50 plants were cultivated with a spacing of 2 m × 1 m (24 useful and 26 border plants). Analysis of variance (F test) was performed; qualitative factors (soil organic matter) were compared by Tukey's test and quantitative factors (available soil water) by regression analysis. Increased soil organic matter and available soil water for plants substantially increased productivity; however, seed oil content, mean 100-seed mass, mean 100-fruit mass, and seed:fruit ratio were affected by available soil water content alone. Therefore, the tested cultivar is sensitive to reduced available soil water content, which severely decreases its productivity.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-4430-eng.agric.v40n6p703-710/2020 468 downloads

13.

ASARONE-DERIVED PHENYLPROPANOIDS AND ISOQUINOLINE-DERIVED ALKALOIDS FROM THE BARK OF Duguetia pycnastera (Annonaceae) AND THEIR CYTOTOXICITIES
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Souza, César A. S. de

; Nardelli, Victória B.

; Paz, Weider H. P.

; Pinheiro, Maria Lúcia B.

; Rodrigues, Ana Carolina B. da C.

; Bomfim, Larissa M.

; Soares, Milena B. P.

; Bezerra, Daniel P.

; Chaar, Jamal da S.

; Koolen, Hector H. F.

; Silva, Felipe M. A. da

; Costa, Emmanoel Vilaça

Química Nova

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Dez 2020, Volume 43 Nº 10 Páginas 1397 - 1403

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

The phytochemical investigation of the hexane and methanol extracts from the bark of Duguetia pycnastera Sandwith (Annonaceae) afforded seven known compounds, two asarone-derived phenylpropanoids and five isoquinoline-derived alkaloids. The asarones, γ-asarone (1-allyl-2,4,5-trimethoxybenzene) and 2,4,5-trimethoxy-styrene were isolated of the hexane extract while the aporphine alkaloids, O-methylmoschatoline, lysicamine, nornuciferidine, and guatterine N-oxide, and the benzyltetrahydroisoquinoline alkaloid, (S)-reticuline were isolated of the alkaloid fraction of the methanol extract. This is the first report of these compounds in D. pycnastera. γ-Asarone is being reported for the first time in the Annonaceae. Nornuciferidine is described for the second time in the Annonaceae while guatterine N-oxide is the third register. The structures of the isolated compounds were established by extensive analyses using 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy in combination with MS. The cytotoxic activity of the isolated compounds (except for nornuciferidine) was evaluated against cancer and non-cancerous cell lines, in which lysicamine was the most active compound, mainly against HL-60, HepG2, and K562 with IC50 values of 24.40, 28.86 and 38.75 µmol L-1, respectively.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0100-4042.20170617 256 downloads

14.

Compounds isolated from Bixa orellana: evidence-based advances to treat infectious diseases
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Nascimento Moraes Neto, Roberval

; Guedes Coutinho, Gabrielle

; de Oliveira Rezende, Aline

; de Brito Pontes, Daniel

; Pinheiro Soares Ferreira, Rayana Larissa

; de Araújo Morais, Danilo

; Pontes Albuquerque, Rafaela

; Lima-Neto, Lídio Gonçalves

; Nascimento da Silva, Luís Cláudio

; Quintino da Rocha, Cláudia

; Machado Gonçalves, Letícia

; Macedo Santiago, Luís Ângelo

; Mondego-Oliveira, Renata

; Cardoso Carvalho, Rafael

; de Sousa, Eduardo Martins

Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Químico - Farmacéuticas

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Dez 2020, Volume 49 Nº 3 Páginas 581 - 601

Resumo: Es En | Texto: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

RESUMEN Bixa orellana L. es una planta nativa de Brasil, pero también está presente en otros países tropicales como Perú, Colombia, Ecuador, México, Indonesia, India y África Oriental. Es conocida popularmente como Urucum en Brasil. Esta revisión expone el potencial de los compuestos bioactivos derivados de B. orellana para tratar enfermedades debido a sus propiedades antimicrobianas y antioxidantes. Esta planta también está relacionada como un agente antiinflamatorio para el tratamiento de enfermedades pulmonares e incluso como gotas para los ojos para el enrojecimiento. Sus hojas se utilizan para el tratamiento de la mordedura de serpiente, diarrea, gonorrea, hepatitis, gastritis, diuréticos, antipiréticos y para enfermedades de la piel. Ese conocimiento popular ha fomentado la identificación de compuestos bioactivos en esa planta. Los compuestos β-criptoxantina, geranilgeraniol, luteína, procianidina B2, procianidina B3, isómero elagitanino y ácido elágico desoxihexosa inhibieron microorganismos patógenos como bacterias, hongos, protozoos y virus. En ese sentido, B. orellana es una fuente prometedora de compuestos que podrían aplicarse en la terapia antimicrobiana. Este trabajo de revisión puede ayudar a comprender e incentivar nuevas investigaciones para los descubrimientos de antimicrobianos que utilizan diferentes compuestos de B. orellana.

SUMMARY Bixa orellana L. is a native plant from Brazil, but it is also present in other tropical countries such as Peru, Colombia, Ecuador, Mexico, Indonesia, India and East Africa. It is popularly known as Urucum in Brazil. This review shows the potential of bioactive compounds derived from B. orellana to treat infectious diseases due their antimicrobial and antioxidant properties. This plant is also related as an antiinflammatory agent for treatment of pulmonary diseases, or even as eye drops for redness. Its leaves are used for treatment of snakebite, diarrhea, gonorrhea, hepatitis, gastritis, diuretic, antipyretic, and for skin disease. This popular knowledge has encouraged the identification of bioactive compounds in this plant. Compounds as β-cryptoxanthin, geranylgeraniol, lutein, procyanidin B2, procyanidin B3, ellagi tannin isomer and ellagic acid deoxyhexose have been described. These compounds inhibited pathogenic microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi, protozoan and viruses. In addition, some compounds with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities were also described. In this sense, B. orellana is a promising source of compounds that could be applied in antimicrobial therapy. This review work may help in the understanding and incentive of new research for antimicrobial discoveries using different B. orellana compounds.

https://doi.org/10.15446/rcciquifa.v49n3.91247 306 downloads

15.

Profiling the Cymbopogon nardus Ethanol Extract and Its Antifungal Potential against Candida Species with Different Patterns of Resistance
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Toledo, Luciani G. de

; Ramos, Matheus A. S.

; Spósito, Larissa

; Castilho, Elza M.

; Pavan, Fernando R.

; Lopes, Érica O.

; Silva, Isabel C. da

; Zocolo, Guilherme J.

; Ribeiro, Paulo R. V.

; Oda, Fernando B.

; Pereira, Juhan A. S.

; Santos, André G. dos

; Bauab, Taís M.

; Almeida, Margarete T. G. de

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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Set 2020, Volume 31 Nº 9 Páginas 1926 - 1938

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

The essential oil of Cymbopogon nardus, citronella, has been extensively studied. However, the chemical and biological properties of the ethanolic extract (EE) of C. nardus have not been evaluated. The aim of this study was to characterize the chemical composition of the EE of C. nardus and its active fraction (FrD). Moreover, the cytotoxic and antifungal properties of these extracts against Candida species with different resistance profiles to conventional drugs were evaluated. The compounds identified in EE were mono-C- and di-C-glycosyl flavones and phenylpropanoid glycosides. Phenylpropanoid glycosides were identified in FrD. EE showed antifungal activity, with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values ranging from 62. 5 to 500 µg mL-1. FrD was more effective against C. glabrata, as evidenced by the lowest MIC value (15. 6 µg mL-1). EE inhibited yeast growth similar to amphotericin-B, as demonstrated by similar time-kill curves. EE inhibited C. albicans hyphae formation and mature biofilm of C. albicans, C. krusei and C. parapsilosis. The results of the chemical and biological analyses of EE and its fractions provided novel information and may contribute to control of infections caused by Candida species.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20200093 454 downloads

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