ABSTRACT Insects are fundamental to biodiversity conservation in almost all ecosystems, and their population decline, and extinction directly result from environmental impacts. These facts are aggravated by the lack of knowledge of insect biodiversity, the so-called biodiversity deficits, especially the Linnean and Wallacean shortfalls. In freshwater ecosystems, biodiversity loss is higher among aquatic insects, and caddisflies comprise one of the most vulnerable orders. In this way, research focusing on describing new caddisfly species and understanding their distribution ranges will increase knowledge of caddisfly biodiversity. In the past 14 years, the team from the Laboratório de Entomologia Aquática “Prof. Dr. Claudio Gilberto Froehlich” (LEAq, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Brazil) and collaborators have been addressing these issues, resulting in 55 described species of caddisflies. Taxa in other insect orders have also received attention and an additional 16 species have been described (eight mayflies, four stoneflies, four neuropteran spongillaflies, and antlions). Here, eight caddisfly species are described and illustrated (Atopsyche froehlichi sp. nov., Austrotinodes zeferina sp. nov., Cernotina kariri sp. nov., Neoathripsodes froehlichi sp. nov., Notalina claudiofroehlichi sp. nov., Oecetis marcus sp. nov., Phylloicus froehlichi sp. nov., and Polycentropus claudioi sp. nov.), five of them in honor of LEAq’s patron. In addition, new distributional data are presented for 10 known species. A checklist of the caddisfly fauna of Bahia state is also presented, with 138 species, around 75% and 30% of them recorded and described by the LEAq team, respectively. Currently, for caddisflies, Bahia is the fifth most species-rich state in Brazil, and the first in the Brazilian Northeast region.

ABSTRACT Baru tree (Dipteryx alata) is an arboreal, fruitful plant native to the Cerrado biome with an important socioeconomic impact. Populations of this species are a good model to study anthropogenic disturbances on the biome through the genetic information. In this study, we developed seven new polymorphic microsatellite markers for D. alata, using an enriched genomic library. We performed loci characterization in three populations, obtaining a total of 49 alleles, with an average of 5 to 5.57 alleles per locus. A significant content of polymorphic information was obtained, as indicated by the average expected heterozygosity (uHE), with a total average of 0.58 to 0.65 per locus. The average value of the observed heterozygosity (Ho) was also high, with a total average of 0.73 to 0.85 per locus. Some of the loci are in linkage disequilibrium, such as DalatG6 with DalatB3, DalatH3 and DalatB4. The estimate of the combined loci for the probability of paternity exclusion obtained an average value of 1.00 for all loci, and the average combined probability of identity, the values were (1.210^-5) to (4.410^-6). All markers are informative and suitable for studies on genetic diversity and population structure, aiming at the conservation and management of the species.

Abstract This study aimed to investigate the physical characteristics of pequiá fruits in the Cerrado areas of Nova Xavantina-MT, and to determine the influence of native vegetation on fruit biometry and productivity. The research question was whether proximity to fragments of native vegetation increases the productivity of pequiá fruit. In 2017 and 2018, 40 ripe fruits that had fallen to the ground were collected from three locations, two of which were close to native vegetation and one of which was close to crops and pastures. The highest values were observed in fruits collected in 2018, when there was more rainfall, and in fruits from the locations close to native vegetation, indicating that the presence of native vegetation can provide ecosystem services that promote the productivity of pequiá fruits. These findings have important implications for the conservation and management of Cerrado ecosystems.

Abstract Introduction: Cardiac pacemaker (PM) therapy is of paramount importance. PM use increases with age, with an estimated increased use of 70% to 80% in patients over 65 years. This study evaluated the perception of the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of elderly patients with PM, comparing them with patients without PM, by applying two quality of life questionnaires: EuroQoL 5-dimensions (EQ-5D) and 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36). Methods: This study included elderly patients divided into a group with PM and another without PM. Information on HRQoL was obtained using the EQ-5D and SF-36 questionnaires. Results: The study involved 104 elderly patients with PM and 150 without PM. The distribution of responses to the EQ-5D was similar between groups. Statistical differences within the gender variable in the group of elderly people with PM were significant for the mobility, habitual activities, and anxiety/depression domains and for the average EQoL utility score and visual analogue scale (EQ-VAS). Elderly patients with PM presented significant differences between New York Heart Association classes 1 and 2 for the mobility domain and EQ-VAS, while those evaluated through SF-36 presented higher averages in vitality, general health status, and pain. However, a different analysis was observed in the physical aspect domain. Conclusion: The SF-36 demonstrated that elderly patients with PM had an HRQoL similar to or greater than those without PM. However, the results of the EQ-5D did not show significant differences regarding the implantation of PM and HRQoL between the two groups of elderly individuals in the study.

RESUMO Esta pesquisa pautou-se na análise do desenvolvimento científico e tecnológico acerca da Internet das Coisas (IoT) aplicada ao ambiente da saúde na perspectiva da inovação, tendo como insumo artigos científicos e documentos de patentes relacionados ao tema. A prospecção realizada a partir dos critérios delimitados possibilitou o mapeamento, nos últimos dez anos, de 217 artigos e 177 patentes relacionados à temática, em nível global. Os dados foram analisados utilizando-se os parâmetros da análise bibliométrica seguida da análise de conteúdo, permitindo a identificação dos autores com maior produtividade (Lei de Lotka), a vinculação destes autores, a dispersão histórica das publicações e dos periódicos que difundem o assunto (Lei de Bradford), as abordagens predominantes das publicações (Lei de Zipf) e os países e as áreas de destaque em publicações científicas e tecnológicas. O panorama delineado aponta que o desenvolvimento da temática ocorreu a partir de 2010 liderado por países asiáticos, com uma produção científica mais desconcentrada e predominantemente vinculada às Universidades, enquanto a produção tecnológica apresenta maior concentração e vinculação com empresas, porém, com convergência no discurso comum. Dentre as tendências identificadas, sobressai o monitoramento remoto de pacientes.

ABSTRACT This study provides an analysis of the scientific and technological research on the applications of the Internet of Things (IoT) within the field of health care. It focuses on innovations and is based on scientific articles and patent documentation. The search for data, which was global in scope, was based on specific criteria and enabled a mapping of 217 articles and 117 patents involving the IoT applied to health care over the last 10 years. Bibliometric analysis was applied to the data, followed by content analysis. The analyses applied herein identified the most productive authors (Lotka’s law), their affiliations, the distribution of publications over time, the core journals in which this topic is distributed (Bradford’s law), the predominant approaches used in the publications (Zipf’s law), and the countries and regions in which this scientific and technological research is most commonly performed. This topic was found to have been most heavily researched since 2010, and this research is led by countries in Asia. Scientific research on this topic is predominantly affiliated with universities, while technological research on this topic is more likely to be affiliated with corporations, though their discussions and conclusions are consistent. Among the topics of study identified, the most frequent was the remote monitoring of patients.

RESUMO Nas últimas décadas, houve redução de consumo per capita de água. Mesmo assim, diversos países buscam uma redução adicional no consumo por meio da melhoria dos processos de funcionamento de equipamentos. Este artigo descreve um novo design para caixa de descarga econômica, no qual não existe obturador nem juntas que possam ressecar e acarretar vazamento. Foram construídos e testados protótipos; o uso prolongado por 12 meses em uma residência habitada por quatro moradores demonstrou que o novo modelo de caixa de descarga funciona bem e consome menos água do que os demais. Esse projeto dispensa o uso de borrachas de vedação, trabalha com duas células (caixa interna e caixa externa), apresenta boa capacidade de arraste e demonstra boa eficiência tanto para descarga de 3 L como para descarga de 6 L.

ABSTRACT In the last decades, water consumption per capita has been reduced. Nevertheless, several countries look for additional reduction in water consumption through better process of equipment functions. This paper describes a new design for an economical flush system in which there is neither flapper nor gasket that could leak. Prototypes with new design have been made and tested; after a 12 months’ test with one of them, by a family of 4 people, the project had good performance, with reduction in water consumption. This new design does not use gasket, works with two boxes (internal box and external box), presents good drag ability and demonstrates good water efficiency both for 3 L and 6 L flushes.

O percevejo-de-renda Leptopharsa heveae Drake & Poor (Hemiptera: Tingidae) é uma das mais importantes pragas da heveicultura no Brasil, principalmente nas regiões Sudeste e Centro-Oeste. Devido ao seu hábito sugador, na face abaxial das folhas, esta praga leva à senescência precoce das mesmas e a reduções na produção de látex em até 30%. Dentre os inimigos naturais de L. heveae está o parasitoide de ovos Erythmelus tingitiphagus (Soares) (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae), regulando suas populações em condições naturais. O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar a dinâmica populacional deste parasitoide, bem como correlacioná-la com os fatores meteorológicos temperatura e pluviosidade, em plantio comercial de seringueira do clone PB 217, em Itiquira, MT. Semanalmente foram coletadas quatro folhas maduras por árvore, no terço inferior da copa de 40 árvores, totalizando 160 folhas por amostragem, no período de agosto de 2006 a janeiro de 2007. Houve correlação positiva entre a dinâmica populacional e os fatores meteorológicos, sendo o pico populacional do parasitoide observado no mês de novembro e declinando até janeiro na área estudada.

The lace bug Leptopharsa heveae Drake & Poor (Hemiptera: Tingidae) is one of the most import heveiculture pests in Brazil, mainly in the southeast and central-west regions. Due to its sucking habit on the abaxial surface, this pest causes precocious senescence in leaves, and leads to the reduction in latex production in up to 30% of them. Among the natural enemies of L. heveae is the egg parasitoid Erythmelus tingitiphagus (Soares) (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae), regulating populations of L. heveae in natural conditions. The objective of this work was to verify the population dynamics of this parasitoid, as well as to correlate it with meteorological factors such as temperature and rainfall, in a commercial plantation of rubber trees of the PB 217 clone, in Itiquira, in the Mato Grosso state, Brazil. Four mature leaves were collected weekly, on the lower stratum of canopy of PB 217 clone in 40 trees, totaling 160 leaves in each sampling, from August, 2006 to January, 2007. There was a positive correlation between population dynamics and meteorological factors, the population peak of the parasitoid being observed in November and declining until January in the study area.

A hemorragia intracerebral (AVCH) espontânea ainda apresenta grande heterogeneidade em sua avaliação clínica, evidenciando diferenças nos critérios de inclusão utilizados nos estudos de tratamento da hemorragia intracerebral (ICH). O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar o ICH Score, uma escala simples e confiável, determinando a mortalidade em 30 dias e o resultado funcional após um ano. Pacientes consecutivos com AVCH espontâneo foram incluídos prospectivamente no estudo. O ICH Score variou de 0 a 4 e cada aumento no ICH Score esteve associado com um aumento na mortalidade em 30 dias e com uma progressiva diminuição nas taxas de bom resultado funcional. Entretanto, a ocorrência de injúria da via piramidal esteve melhor relacionada com um pior resultado funcional do que o ICH Score. O ICH Score é um bom preditor de mortalidade em 30 dias e resultado funcional, confirmando sua validade em diferentes populações socioeconômicas. A associação da injúria da via piramidal como variável auxiliar fornece informações mais precisas sobre a evolução prognóstica.

Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (SICH) still presents a great heterogeneity in its clinical evaluation, demonstrating differences in the enrollment criteria used for the study of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) treatment. The aim of the current study was to assess the ICH Score, a simple and reliable scale, determining the 30-day mortality and the one-year functional outcome. Consecutive patients admitted with acute SICH were prospectively included in the study. ICH Scores ranged from 0 to 4, and each increase in the ICH Score was associated with an increase in the 30-day mortality and with a progressive decrease in good functional outcome rates. However, the occurrence of a pyramidal pathway injury was better related to worse functional outcome than the ICH Score. The ICH Score is a good predictor of 30-day mortality and functional outcome, confirming its validity in a different socioeconomic populations. The association of the pyramidal pathway injury as an auxiliary variable provides more accurate information about the prognostic evolution.

OBJETIVO: Estudar as conseqüências comportamentais, bioquímicas e histopatológicas da isquemia cerebral focal permanente e o possível efeito neuroprotetor do cetoprofeno. MÉTODO: Foram utilizados 103 ratos Wistar, divididos em grupos A e B, submetidos, respectivamente, a 48 horas e a 15 dias de isquemia. Cada grupo foi dividido em 4 subgrupos: isquêmico não tratado; isquêmico tratado; sham não tratado; sham tratado. Nos animais isquêmicos foi coagulada a artéria cerebral média esquerda. Os subgrupos tratados receberam cetoprofeno 15 minutos antes da oclusão ou manipulação arterial. RESULTADOS: Os animais isquêmicos reduziram a atividade exploratória e as evacuações nos primeiros dias pós-operatórios e mostraram alterações histopatológicas constantes em cada grupo. As concentrações do glutamato total 48 horas após a cirurgia foram maiores nos animais tratados. CONCLUSÃO: Não houve um paralelismo entre os achados comportamentais, bioquímicos e histopatológicos. O cetoprofeno não apresentou efeito protetor contra isquemia cerebral focal permanente, nos aspectos comportamentais e histopatológicos.

OBJECTIVE: To study the neurobehavioral, biochemical and histopathological consequences of permanent focal brain ischemia, and the putative neuroprotective action of ketoprofen. METHOD: One-hundred-and-three Wistar rats divided into groups A and B were respectively submitted to 48 hours and 15 days of ischemia. Each group was divided into 4 subgroups: ischemic not treated, ischemic treated, sham not treated, and sham treated. Ischemic animals had the left middle cerebral artery coagulated. Ketoprofen was administered to treated subgroups 15 minutes before arterial coagulation (manipulation in the sham group). RESULTS: Exploratory activity and defecation were reduced in all ischemic animals in the first postoperative days and constant histopathological changes were observed in each group. The total brain glutamate levels were higher in treated animals 48 hours after surgery. CONCLUSION: No clear parallelism among behavioral, biochemical and histopathological findings was observed. Ketoprofen demonstrated no neuroprotective effect on the behavioral or histopathological aspects of focal permanent brain ischemia.

Este estudo procura analisar os motivos que levaram os cursos de administração de empresas a orientar a formação do bacharel por uma racionalidade predominantemente instrumental. Para tanto, são referenciadas as condições histórico-sociais que conformaram a criação dos cursos de formação de administradores de empresa no Brasil e no mundo, tomando-se especificamente, o estudo do caso de uma instituição de ensino superior na cidade de Salvador. Utilizando-se de elementos da história de vida dos sujeitos, do processo de ensino- aprendizagem, o estudo demonstra como a racionalidade instrumental se reproduz no cotidiano do curso através das práticas docentes, da estrutura de ensino e dos instrumentos de ação pedagógica.

This study analyses the conditions that leads the education of Business Management undergraduate students to guide the action and thinking of the graduated manager according to a predominantly instrumental reasonableness. In search of this purpose, the social and historical conditions that built the creation of Business Management Undergraduate Courses in Brazil and worldwide are addressed. The case study of a university in Salvador, Bahia - Brazil is strictly addressed, as a reference of educational philosophy model adopted in the area of study. Using life telling method to rebuild elements of the teaching process from the students and teachers speech, the study demonstrates how the instrumental reasonableness reproduces itself in the daily life of the course through teaching methodology, learning infrastructure and the use of educational instruments.