Abstract: COVID-19 rapidly spread across the world in an unprecedented outbreak with a massive number of infected and fatalities. The pandemic was heavily discussed and searched on the internet, which generated big amounts of data related to it. This led to the possibility of attempting to forecast coronavirus indicators using the internet data. For this study, Google Trends statistics for 124 selected search terms related to pandemic were used in an attempt to find which keywords had the best Spearman correlations with a lag, as well as a forecasting model. It was found that keywords related to coronavirus testing among some others, such as “I have contracted covid”, had high correlations (≥0.7) with few weeks of lag (≤4 weeks). Besides that, the ARIMAX model using those keywords had promising results in predicting the increase or decrease of epidemiological indicators, although it was not able to predict their exact values. Thus, we found that Google Trends data may be useful for predicting outbreaks of coronavirus a few weeks before they happen, and may be used as an auxiliary tool in monitoring and forecasting the disease in Brazil.

Abstract The objective of this study was to compare selective physical-mechanical properties, antibacterial effects and cytotoxicity of seven temporary restorative materials (TRM): five resin-based materials [Bioplic (B), Fill Magic Tempo (FM), Fermit inlay (F), Luxatemp LC (L) and Revotek LC (R)], and zinc oxide-eugenol cement (IRM) and glass ionomer cement (GIC) as the controls. Material and methods The physical-mechanical properties were evaluated by determining microleakage (ML), ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and Shore D hardness (SDH). In addition, the polymerization rate (Pr-1), depth of cure (DC), water sorption and solubility (WS/SL) were evaluated. The antimicrobial effects of the materials were assessed by biofilm accumulation of Streptococcus mutans (BT) and the direct contact test (DCT) by exposure to Enterococcus faecalis for 1 and 24 h, and cytotoxicity by MTT assay. The data were analyzed by ANOVA or Kruskall-Wallis tests, and a complementary post-hoc method (p<0.05). Results Group B, followed by FM and GIC had significantly lower percentages of microleakage in comparison with the other groups; Groups FM and L showed the highest WS, while Groups R and FM showed the significantly lowest SL values (p<0.05). Group R showed the statistically highest UTS mean and the lowest DC mean among all groups. Group F showed the lowest S. mutans biofilm accumulation (p=0.023). Only the Group L showed continued effect against E. faecalis after 1 h and 24 h in DCT. The L showed statistically lower viability cell when compared to the other groups. Conclusions These findings suggest the antibacterial effect of the temporary materials Fill Magic and Bioplic against S. mutans, while Luxatemp showed in vitro inhibition of S. mutans biofilm accumulation and E. faecalis growth. Regarding the cell viability test, Luxatemp was the most cytotoxic and Fill Magic was shown to be the least cytotoxic.

Hortaliças folhosas são altamente suscetíveis à perda de água e degradação da clorofila, com reflexos na redução de tamanho, massa, teor de sólidos solúveis e vitamina C, o que pode ser intensificado pelo manejo inadequado da temperatura e da umidade do ar nos locais de armazenamento e comercialização, com redução de vida de prateleira e aumento do custo final do produto para o consumidor. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a qualidade pós-colheita de alface tipo crespa, cv. Isabela, de cultivo orgânico e convencional, acondicionadas em diferentes embalagens e armazenadas sob refrigeração por diferentes períodos. O ensaio foi conduzido na UFGD, em Dourados-MS. Foi utilizado o delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado com quatro repetições, com esquema fatorial 2x3x4 sendo: orgânico ou convencional, em três tipos de embalagens de polietileno (totalmente aberta, parcialmente fechada e totalmente fechada) e quatro períodos de avaliação (0; 5; 10 e 15 dias) e armazenamento em câmara a 5ºC, com umidade relativa de 90%±SD, na ausência de luz. Os parâmetros avaliados foram qualidade aparente, massa fresca, teores de clorofila, sólidos solúveis (SS), acidez titulável (AT) e ácido ascórbico (AA). As alfaces produzidas em cultivo orgânico conservaram por mais tempo a qualidade aparente, em relação às produzidas convencionalmente, com valores de SS e AT maiores, no final do armazenamento, embora com redução no teor de AA, mas sem diferenças para perda de clorofila e nas variações do pH. A embalagem totalmente fechada demonstrou ser mais eficaz em reduzir a perda de massa fresca e conservar a qualidade aparente por mais tempo.

Leafy lettuce is highly susceptible to water loss, which can be intensified by inadequate management of temperature and air humidity during storage and commercialization, reducing shelf life and increasing the final cost of the product to the consumer. The aim of this study was to evaluate the post-harvest quality of crisp lettuce, cv. Isabela, cultivated on conventional and organic farming, packed in different packaging and stored under refrigeration during different periods. The assay was carried out in the Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados, in Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul state, Brazil. The experimental design was complete randomized blocks with four replications, in a factorial scheme 2x3x4: organic or conventional cultivation, three types of polyethylene packagings (fully open, partially closed and fully closed) and four evaluation periods (0; 5; 10 and 15 days). Lettuce was stored in a chamber at 5ºC, relative humidity of 90%±SD, in the absence of light. We evaluated the apparent quality, fresh mass, chlorophyll content, soluble solids (SS), titratable acidity (TA) and ascorbic acid (AA). Lettuce produced in organic farming conserved for more time the apparent quality, in comparison to that produced in conventional farming, with higher values of SS and TA after storage, although with reduction of AA, but with no difference of chlorophyll loss and pH values. The fully closed packaging has proven to be more effective in reducing the fresh mass loss and to keep the apparent quality for more days.

O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar o uso da Amostragem Adaptativa Cluster (AAC) na quantificação de indivíduos adultos de Caryocar brasiliense Camb. (Pequi), em comparação aos métodos de amostragem tradicionais. Foi feito um censo com mapeamento dos indivíduos adultos de pequi em uma área de cerrado de 36,5ha no Parque Estadual do Rio Preto/MG. O mapa gerado foi divido em unidades de 20×20m no qual foram testadas cinco alternativas de amostragem utilizando a Amostragem Casual Simples, Amostragem Sistemática e Amostragem Adaptativa Cluster. A comparação entre elas foi feita através do teste F de Graybill a 1% de significância, considerando os parâmetros precisão e exatidão. Todas as alternativas apresentaram boa exatidão, sendo a Amostragem Adaptativa Cluster, com condição de inclusão igual a 2, a mais precisa.

In this study adult individuals of Caryocar brasiliense (pequi) were quantified by (AAC) and they were compared the traditional sampling methods. Census of adult individuals of pequi in a savannah area of 36.5ha in Black River State Park / MG was transformed in map. Thus map was divided into cells of 20x20m where five alternative of sampling were tested using simple Random Sampling, Systematic Sampling and Adaptative Cluster Sampling. Comparision among them was done by F test Graybill 1% of significance, considering precision and accuracy as parameters. All alternatives showed good accuracy, and the Adapatative Cluster Sampling with a condition of inclusion equal to 2 was most accurate.

Neste estudo, tentamos identificar a atividade antinociceptiva do extrato metanólico bruto e das fases n-butanólica, clorofórmica e acetato de etila provenientes da alga Caulerpa racemosa. Esta alga é cosmopolita no mundo, principalmente em regiões tropicais. O extrato metanólico bruto e as fases n-butanólica, clorofórmica e acetato de etila foram administrados por via oral, na concentração de 100 mg/kg. Estes foram capazes de reduzir a nocicepção produzida pelo ácido acético, sendo 47,39%, 70,51%, 76,11% e 72,24%, respectivamente. No ensaio da placa quente as fases clorofórmica e acetato de etila foram ativas neste modelo. Na fase neurogênica do teste de formalina, foi observado que o extrato metanólico bruto (51,77%), fase n-butanólica (35,12%), fase clorofórmica (32,70%) e indometacina (32,06%) foram eficazes em inibir a resposta nociceptiva. Na fase inflamatória, apenas a fase acetato de etila (75,43%) e indometacina (47,83%) foram capazes de inibir significativamente a resposta nociceptiva. Com base nestes dados, podemos sugerir que o a fase acetato de etila apresenta um significativo efeito anti-inflamatório, cuja potência ainda não foi determinada. No entanto, estudos farmacológicos e químicos serão necessários, a fim de caracterizar o mecanismo responsável pela ação antinociceptiva e também para identificar outros princípios ativos presentes na alga Caulerpa racemosa.

In this study, we attempted to identify the possible antinociceptive actions of n-butanolic phase, chloroformic phase, ethyl acetate phase and crude methanolic extract obtained from Caulerpa racemosa. This seaweed is cosmopolitan in world, mainly in tropical regions. The n-butanolic, chloroformic, ethyl acetate phases and crude methanolic extract, all administered orally in the concentration of 100 mg/kg, reduced the nociception produced by acetic acid by 47.39%, 70.51%, 76.11% and 72.24%, respectively. In the hotplate test the chloroformic and ethyl acetate phase were activite in this models. In the neurogenic phase on formalin test, were observed that crude methanolic extract (51.77%), n-butanolic phase (35.12%), chloroformic phase (32.70%) and indomethacin (32.06%) were effective in inhibit the nociceptive response. In the inflammatory phase, only the ethyl acetate phase (75.43%) and indomethacin (47.83%) inhibited significantly the nociceptive response. Based on these data, we can infer that the ethyl acetate phase shows a significant anti-inflammatory profile, whose power has not yet been determined. However, pharmacological and chemical studies are continuing in order to characterize the mechanism(s) responsible for the antinociceptive action and also to identify other active principles present in Caulerpa racemosa.

We evaluated the "residual" thermal conductivity of Portland cement concretes (with characteristic compressive strength at 28 days, f ck, of 20 MPa and 50 MPa) at room temperature after heat-treating at 180 °C, 300 °C and 600 °C. The description of the geometry of the structure was carried out using mercury intrusion porosimetry and nitrogen sorption. The results showed a decreasing tendency of residual thermal conductivity, which we attributed to heat-induced concrete degradation. Furthermore, the results from mercury intrusion porosimetry and nitrogen sorption tests showed that a coarser pore structure is produced with the raise of heat-treatment temperatures.