Abstract Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a major cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and changes in lipoprotein. Literature data suggest that cholesterol associated with high-density lipoprotein (HDLc) plays a protective role against albuminuria and diabetic nephropathy. These factors are related with changes in serum apolipoproteins such Apo A-I. This work aims to evaluate the correlation of apolipoprotein A-I with renal function in diabetic outpatients. Samples were collected from 281 outpatients for analyses of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), serum creatinine (SCr), urea (BUN), cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), HDL-cholesterol (HDLc) and estimation of glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Urinary samples were obtained to assess urine albumin creatinine ratio (UACR). Triglyceride-glucose index (TyG) was calculated to estimate insulin resistance. The mean age was 61,5 ± 16,4 years. Most patients were female, Afro-Mestizo and over 50 years of age. Pearson's revealed negative correlation of creatinine with HDLc and Apo A-I. There was a correlation of eGFR with HbA1c, TG and HDLc. TyG presented a negative correlation with Apo A-I and HDLc. The highest quartiles of UACR presented the highest TyG and the lowest Apo A-I. In conclusion, Apo A-I indicated an association with insulin resistance and changes in renal function parameters, especially as a factor associated with the onset of albuminuria, with a better predictive potential than the HDLc. DM (DM CKD (CKD highdensity high density (HDLc nephropathy AI. AI A I. I 28 HbA1c HbAc , HbA c (HbA1c) SCr, SCr (SCr) BUN, BUN (BUN) TC, TC (TC) TG, (TG) HDLcholesterol HDL eGFR. . (eGFR) UACR. (UACR) Triglycerideglucose Triglyceride glucose (TyG 615 61 5 61, 164 16 4 16, female AfroMestizo Afro Mestizo Pearsons Pearson s conclusion parameters 2 (HbA1c (SCr (BUN (TC (TG (eGFR (UACR 6 1

RESUMO A produção de biogás por meio da codigestão de dois ou mais resíduos tem atraído atenção crescente de pesquisadores que buscam otimizar esse processo. A adição de glicerol aos resíduos agroindustriais durante a biodigestão anaeróbica tem demonstrado aumentar a produção de biogás e metano. No entanto, a utilização de um processo em duas fases focado na produção de hidrogênio ainda não foi amplamente explorada. Este trabalho visa avaliar a biodigestão anaeróbica em duas fases de águas residuais de mandioca, adicionando glicerol residual e águas residuais suínas para aumentar a produção de hidrogênio e metano. Um biodigestor em escala piloto foi utilizado durante a fase acidogênica a 38,5°C, contendo 4% de glicerol. O efluente foi submetido a tratamento metanogênico, e a influência da temperatura (36,0 a 39,0°C) e da concentração de bicarbonato de sódio (2,0 a 6,0 g L⁻¹) foi avaliada. Os resultados indicaram que as condições ótimas durante a fase metanogênica foram 39,0°C com uma concentração de bicarbonato de sódio de 5,0 g L⁻¹. A biodigestão em duas fases produziu 30,8 mL de H₂ por RCOD⁻¹ e 104,5 mL de CH₄ por RCOD⁻¹. Assim, os substratos e o inóculo utilizados foram adequados para o processo de biodigestão anaeróbica, aumentando a eficiência energética do processo devido à produção de hidrogênio. metano entanto explorada mandioca 385C C 38 5 38,5°C 4 metanogênico 36,0 360 36 0 (36, 390C 39 2,0 20 2 (2, 60 6 6, L⁻¹ L¹ L ¹ avaliada 50 5, 308 30 8 30, H RCOD¹ RCOD RCOD⁻ 1045 104 104, CH Assim 3 36, (36 2, (2 L⁻ 10 (3 ( 1

Abstract Biogas production through co-digestion of two or more waste products has garnered increasing attention from researchers seeking to optimize this process. Biogas and methane production increase with the addition of glycerol to agro-industrial wastes during anaerobic biodigestion. However, the utilization of a two-phase process focused on hydrogen production has not been widely explored. This work aims to evaluate two-phase anaerobic biodigestion of cassava wastewater by adding residual glycerol and swine wastewater to enhance hydrogen and methane production. A pilot-scale biodigester was used during the acidogenic phase at 38.5°C, containing 4% glycerol. The effluent was submitted to methanogenic treatment, and the influence of temperature (36.0 to 39.0°C) and sodium bicarbonate concentration (2.0 to 6.0 g L-1) were evaluated. The results indicated that the optimum conditions during the methanogenic phase were 39.0°C with a sodium bicarbonate concentration of 5.0 g L-1. The two-phase biodigestion produced 30.8 mL of (H2) RCOD-1 and 104.5 mL of (CH4) RCOD-1. Thus, the substrates and inoculum used were adequate for the anaerobic biodigestion process, increasing the energetic efficiency of the process due to hydrogen production. codigestion co digestion agroindustrial agro industrial However twophase explored pilotscale pilot scale 385C C 38 5 38.5°C 4 treatment 36.0 360 36 0 (36. 390C 39 2.0 20 2 (2. 60 6 6. L1 L 1 L-1 evaluated 50 5. L1. 1. 308 30 8 30. H2 H (H2 RCOD1 RCOD RCOD- 1045 104 104. CH4 CH (CH4 RCOD1. Thus 3 36. (36 2. (2 L- (H 10 (CH (3 (

Abstract This cross-sectional study investigated the association of SNPs rs670 (C>T) and rs693 (G>A) with parameters of lipid metabolism and endothelial activation in 167 subjects, including 86 COVID-19 outpatients and 81 healthy subjects (control group) matched for sex and age. Serum levels of total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-c), triglycerides (TG), apolipoproteins (Apo A-I and B), and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) were determined. The SNPs were genotyped by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). A p -value<0.05 was assumed. COVID-19 outpatients showed increases in TC (187.0±48.3 vs . 160.8±32.0 mg/dL), LDL-c (110.3±41.5 vs . 98.8±28.2 mg/dL), non-HDL-c (138.3±45.8 vs . 115.6±31.6 mg/dL), TG (139.7±80.3 vs . 84.9±35.1 mg/dL), and Apo A-I (149.5±40.0 vs . 133.3±20.9 mg/dL), along with a high frequency of hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia. VCAM-1 levels were double those of the control (682.7±231.8 vs. 299.3±102.9 ng/mL) and a strong predictor of COVID-19 (AUC=0.946). Moreover, VCAM-1 correlated with TC (r = -0.223) and HDL-c (r = -0.225). The decrease in TG and VCAM-1 is predicted by the dominance of the T allele (rs670) and its codominance with the A (rs693) allele in COVID-19 outpatients. COVID-19 has been shown to be associated with dyslipidemias and endothelial activation, and apolipoprotein polymorphisms may influence this. crosssectional cross sectional rs rs67 C>T CT C (C>T rs69 G>A GA G (G>A 16 8 COVID19 COVID 19 COVID-1 group age TC, , (TC) highdensity density HDLc, HDLc HDL c (HDL-c) lowdensity low LDLc, LDLc LDL (LDL-c) nonhighdensity non nonHDLc, nonHDLc (non-HDL-c) TG, (TG) AI I B, B B) molecule1 molecule 1 molecule- VCAM1 VCAM (VCAM-1 determined qPCR. qPCR (qPCR) value<0.05 value005 value 0 05 -value<0.0 assumed 187.0±48.3 1870483 187 48 3 (187.0±48. 1608320 160 32 160.8±32. mg/dL, mgdL mg/dL mg dL mg/dL) 110.3±41.5 1103415 110 41 5 (110.3±41. 988282 98 28 2 98.8±28. 138.3±45.8 1383458 138 45 (138.3±45. 1156316 115 6 31 115.6±31. 139.7±80.3 1397803 139 7 80 (139.7±80. 849351 84 9 35 84.9±35. 149.5±40.0 1495400 149 40 (149.5±40. 1333209 133 20 133.3±20. hypertriglyceridemia VCAM- 682.7±231.8 68272318 682 231 (682.7±231. 29931029 299 102 299.3±102. ng/mL ngmL ng mL AUC=0.946. AUC0946 AUC AUC=0.946 946 (AUC=0.946) Moreover r 0.223 0223 223 -0.223 0.225. 0225 0.225 225 -0.225) (rs670 (rs693 this rs6 COVID1 COVID- (TC (HDL-c (LDL-c (non-HDL-c (TG (VCAM- (qPCR value<0.0 value00 -value<0. 187.0±48. 187048 18 4 (187.0±48 160832 160.8±32 110.3±41. 110341 11 (110.3±41 98828 98.8±28 138.3±45. 138345 13 (138.3±45 115631 115.6±31 139.7±80. 139780 (139.7±80 84935 84.9±35 149.5±40. 149540 14 (149.5±40 133320 133.3±20 682.7±231. 6827231 68 23 (682.7±231 2993102 29 10 299.3±102 AUC094 AUC=0.94 94 (AUC=0.946 0.22 022 22 -0.22 -0.225 (rs67 (rs69 (VCAM value<0. value0 -value<0 187.0±48 18704 (187.0±4 16083 160.8±3 110.3±41 11034 (110.3±4 9882 98.8±2 138.3±45 13834 (138.3±4 11563 115.6±3 139.7±80 13978 (139.7±8 8493 84.9±3 149.5±40 14954 (149.5±4 13332 133.3±2 682.7±231 682723 (682.7±23 299310 299.3±10 AUC09 AUC=0.9 (AUC=0.94 0.2 02 -0.2 (rs6 value<0 -value< 187.0±4 1870 (187.0± 1608 160.8± 110.3±4 1103 (110.3± 988 98.8± 138.3±4 1383 (138.3± 1156 115.6± 139.7±8 1397 (139.7± 849 84.9± 149.5±4 1495 (149.5± 1333 133.3± 682.7±23 68272 (682.7±2 29931 299.3±1 AUC0 AUC=0. (AUC=0.9 0. -0. (rs value< -value 187.0± (187.0 160.8 110.3± (110.3 98.8 138.3± (138.3 115.6 139.7± (139.7 84.9 149.5± (149.5 133.3 682.7±2 6827 (682.7± 2993 299.3± AUC=0 (AUC=0. -0 187.0 (187. 160. 110.3 (110. 98. 138.3 (138. 115. 139.7 (139. 84. 149.5 (149. 133. 682.7± (682.7 299.3 AUC= (AUC=0 - 187. (187 110. (110 138. (138 139. (139 149. (149 682.7 (682. 299. (AUC= (18 (11 (13 (14 682. (682 (AUC (1 (68 ( (6

Abstract The increase in research of cultural issues in International Relations reveals that the interpretations of associated concepts present many dissonances, sometimes being used in an overlapping or mistaken way. This article focuses particularly on the concepts of cultural diplomacy and soft power and conducts a critical theoretical-methodological analysis of the contents and limits of each concept’s use. To this end, we recovered the definitions offered by the literature for the concepts, contextualizing them with the political-historical intentions around their creation and use, both in their origins and today. We analyzed problems in the application of the concepts, both regarding the agents involved in its practical application and the nature and selection of the content mobilized. To contribute methodologically to future work, we elaborated possible research structures linked to both concepts. dissonances way theoreticalmethodological theoretical methodological concept s use end politicalhistorical political historical today mobilized work

ABSTRACT Alternative materials can be used to reduce reliance on mining for P-based fertilizers. In this sense, the pyrolysis process of bovine bones produces the “bone char”, which can be used as a source of P. This study aimed to characterize bone char and conduct a comparative analysis with both soluble (triple superphosphate) and non-soluble (Bayóvar phosphate rock) phosphate fertilizers, specifically examining its behavior in soil and uptake by plants. Bone char characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive (SEM-EDS). The XRD analyses have shown the presence of hydroxyapatite in the bone char, bands assigned to P-O stretching from phosphate have been observed in ATR-FTIR, and Ca, P, C, and O elements were identified in the materials by EDS analyses. Solubility from fertilizer extractants was higher for bone char compared to Bayóvar, and both sources showed lower solubility compared to triple superphosphate. Cumulative amount of P released from bone char was higher than Bayóvar and lower than triple superphosphate. Amount of total dry matter, total shoot P uptake, and total shoot Ca uptake were higher for triple superphosphate compared to bone char and Bayóvar. Release profile of P from bone char strongly suggests this material can be used as a slow-release P source, with intermediate solubility between soluble and non-soluble commercialized sources. Pbased based fertilizers sense , char” nonsoluble non rock plants Xray X ray XRD, (XRD) ATRFTIR, ATRFTIR ATR FTIR (ATR-FTIR) energydispersive energy dispersive SEMEDS. SEMEDS SEM . (SEM-EDS) PO FTIR, ATR-FTIR C matter slowrelease slow release (XRD (ATR-FTIR (SEM-EDS

Resumo Nas últimas décadas, houve avanços significativos no diagnóstico de gliomas difusos, impulsionados pela integração de novas tecnologias. Esses avanços aprofundaram nossa compreensão da oncogênese tumoral, permitindo uma estratificação mais refinada do comportamento biológico dessas neoplasias. Esse progresso culminou na quinta edição da classificação da OMS de tumores do sistema nervoso central (SNC) em 2021. Esta revisão abrangente tem como objetivo elucidar esses avanços de forma multidisciplinar, no contexto da nova classificação. Este artigo irá explorar a patologia morfológica e as técnicas moleculares/genéticas (imuno-histoquímica, sequenciamento genético e perfil de metilação), que são fundamentais no diagnóstico, além da correlação dos radiofenótipos da neuroimagem estrutural com a patologia e a genética. Aborda sucintamente a utilidade da tractografia e da neuroimagem funcional no planejamento cirúrgico. Destacaremos o valor de outras técnicas de imagem funcional, como ressonância magnética de perfusão, espectroscopia e medicina nuclear, na distinção entre a progressão do tumor e as alterações relacionadas ao tratamento. Discutiremos as vantagens das diferentes técnicas de diagnóstico na classificação desses tumores, bem como suas limitações em termos de disponibilidade e utilização. Além disso, os crescentes avanços no processamento de dados, inteligência artificial, radiômica e radiogenômica têm grande potencial e podem em breve exercer uma influência substancial no diagnóstico de gliomas. Essas tecnologias inovadoras têm o potencial de revolucionar nossa abordagem a esses tumores. Em última análise, esta revisão destaca a importância fundamental da colaboração multidisciplinar na utilização dos recentes avanços diagnósticos, com a esperança de traduzi-los em uma melhor qualidade de vida e uma maior sobrevida. décadas difusos tumoral neoplasias SNC (SNC 2021 molecularesgenéticas moleculares genéticas imunohistoquímica, imunohistoquímica imuno histoquímica, histoquímica (imuno-histoquímica metilação, metilação , metilação) genética cirúrgico perfusão nuclear tratamento disso dados artificial análise diagnósticos traduzilos traduzi los sobrevida 202 20 2

Abstract In recent decades, there have been significant advances in the diagnosis of diffuse gliomas, driven by the integration of novel technologies. These advancements have deepened our understanding of tumor oncogenesis, enabling a more refined stratification of the biological behavior of these neoplasms. This progress culminated in the fifth edition of the WHO classification of central nervous system (CNS) tumors in 2021. This comprehensive review article aims to elucidate these advances within a multidisciplinary framework, contextualized within the backdrop of the new classification. This article will explore morphologic pathology and molecular/genetics techniques (immunohistochemistry, genetic sequencing, and methylation profiling), which are pivotal in diagnosis, besides the correlation of structural neuroimaging radiophenotypes to pathology and genetics. It briefly reviews the usefulness of tractography and functional neuroimaging in surgical planning. Additionally, the article addresses the value of other functional imaging techniques such as perfusion MRI, spectroscopy, and nuclear medicine in distinguishing tumor progression from treatment-related changes. Furthermore, it discusses the advantages of evolving diagnostic techniques in classifying these tumors, as well as their limitations in terms of availability and utilization. Moreover, the expanding domains of data processing, artificial intelligence, radiomics, and radiogenomics hold great promise and may soon exert a substantial influence on glioma diagnosis. These innovative technologies have the potential to revolutionize our approach to these tumors. Ultimately, this review underscores the fundamental importance of multidisciplinary collaboration in employing recent diagnostic advancements, thereby hoping to translate them into improved quality of life and extended survival for glioma patients. decades gliomas oncogenesis neoplasms CNS (CNS 2021 framework moleculargenetics molecular genetics immunohistochemistry, immunohistochemistry (immunohistochemistry sequencing profiling, profiling , profiling) planning Additionally MRI spectroscopy treatmentrelated treatment related changes Furthermore utilization Moreover processing intelligence radiomics Ultimately patients 202 20 2

RESUMO O conceito de antificção tem sido usado por teóricos como Lejeune e Alberca para explicar a demanda por gêneros não-ficcionais, como o diário e a autobiografia. A proposta do presente estudo é estender o conceito de antificção às estéticas que se definem como romanescas. Entre essas estéticas estão algumas possibilidades da autoficção, como a praticada pelo francês Hervé Guibert. Ou aquela forma romanesca desenvolvida pelo brasileiro Ricardo Lísias, em que o ensaio sobre o presente é categorizado como um gênero ficcional. Os dois autores partem de diários para a elaboração de seus romances. A forma do diário, tornada romance e ainda mantendo o relato de realidade, é uma forma notável do que se pode definir como antificção romanesca. nãoficcionais, nãoficcionais não ficcionais, ficcionais não-ficcionais autobiografia romanescas autoficção Guibert Lísias ficcional romances realidade

ABSTRACT The concept of antifiction has been used by theorists such as Lejeune and Alberca to explain the demand for non-fiction genres such as the diary and autobiography. The purpose of this study is to extend the concept of antifiction to aesthetic manifestations that define themselves as novels. Among these manifestations are some possibilities of autofiction, such as that practiced by Frenchman Hervé Guibert. Or that novel form developed by Brazilian author Ricardo Lísias, in which the essay on the present is categorized as a fictional genre. These two authors depart from diaries to elaborate their novels. The diary form, made into a novel and still retaining the account of reality, is a remarkable form of what might be defined as novelistic antifiction. nonfiction non fiction autobiography novels autofiction Guibert Lísias genre reality

RESUMEN Objetivos: identificar prevalencia y características relacionadas a la sarcopenia en personas ancianas de Unidades de Atención Primaria de Salud. Métodos: estudio transversal, con 384 personas ancianas. Para evaluación de sarcopenia, medidos: fuerza y masa muscular, desempeño físico. Clasificadas personas ancianas con: sarcopenia probable; sarcopenia; y sarcopenia grave. Analizado con prueba chi cuadrado y método de regresión logística multinomial. Resultados: la prevalencia de probable sarcopenia fue de 25,52%; sarcopenia, 11,98%; y sarcopenia grave, 9,90%. Hombres son 1,75 vez más prevalentes en individuos con probable sarcopenia; osteoporosis es 2,16 veces más prevalente en la sarcopenia grave; polifarmacia, 1,57 vez más prevalente en la probable sarcopenia; circunferencia de los gemelos menor que 31 cm es 2,24 veces más prevalente en la sarcopenia y 2,19 veces en la sarcopenia grave. Conclusiones: Hubo mayor prevalencia de probable sarcopenia, y las características relacionadas a la sarcopenia fueron: sexo, osteoporosis, polifarmacia, sobrepeso, obesidad y circunferencia de los gemelos. Objetivos Salud Métodos transversal 38 medidos muscular físico grave multinomial Resultados 25,52% 2552 25 52 11,98% 1198 11 98 990 9 90 9,90% 175 1 75 1,7 216 2 16 2,1 polifarmacia 157 57 1,5 3 224 24 2,2 219 19 Conclusiones fueron sexo sobrepeso 25,52 255 5 11,98 119 99 9,90 17 7 1, 21 2, 15 22 25,5 11,9 9,9 25, 11, 9,

ABSTRACT Objectives: to identify the prevalence and characteristics associated with sarcopenia in elders in Primary Health Care Units. Methods: cross-sectional study with 384 elders. To evaluate sarcopenia, we measured: strength and muscle mass, and physical performance. The elderly were classified as having: probable sarcopenia; sarcopenia; or severe sarcopenia. The chi-squared test and the multinomial logistic regression method were used. Results: the prevalence of probable sarcopenia was 25.52%; of sarcopenia, 11.98%; and of severe sarcopenia, 9.90%. Probable sarcopenia is 1.75 times more prevalent in men; osteoporosis is 2.16 times more prevalent in people with severe sarcopenia; polypharmacy is 1.57 times more likely in individuals with probable sarcopenia; and calf circumference below 31 cm is 2.24 times more likely in patients with sarcopenia and 2.19 times more likely in patients with severe sarcopenia. Conclusions: the highest prevalence was of probable sarcopenia, and the characteristics associated with sarcopenia were sex, osteoporosis, polypharmacy, overweight, obesity, and calf circumference. Objectives Units Methods crosssectional cross sectional 38 measured mass performance having chisquared chi squared used Results 25.52% 2552 25 52 11.98% 1198 11 98 990 9 90 9.90% 175 1 75 1.7 men 216 2 16 2.1 157 57 1.5 3 224 24 2.2 219 19 Conclusions sex overweight obesity 25.52 255 5 11.98 119 99 9.90 17 7 1. 21 2. 15 22 25.5 11.9 9.9 25. 11. 9.

RESUMO Objetivos: identificar a prevalência e as características associadas à sarcopenia em pessoas idosas de Unidades de Atenção Primária à Saúde. Métodos: estudo transversal, com 384 pessoas idosas. Para avaliação de sarcopenia, mediu-se: força e massa muscular, desempenho físico. Classificaram se pessoas idosas com: sarcopenia provável; sarcopenia; e sarcopenia grave. Analisou-se com teste de qui quadrado e método de regressão logística multinomial. Resultados: a prevalência de provável sarcopenia foi de 25,52%; sarcopenia, 11,98%; e sarcopenia grave, 9,90%. Homens são 1,75 vez mais prevalentes em indivíduos com provável sarcopenia; osteoporose é 2,16 vezes mais prevalente na sarcopenia grave; polifarmácia, 1,57 vez mais prevalente na provável sarcopenia; circunferência da panturrilha menor que 31 cm é 2,24 vezes mais prevalente na sarcopenia e 2,19 vezes na sarcopenia grave. Conclusões: houve maior prevalência de provável sarcopenia, e as características associadas à sarcopenia foram: sexo, osteoporose, polifarmácia, sobrepeso, obesidade e circunferência da panturrilha. Objetivos Saúde Métodos transversal 38 mediuse mediu mediu-se muscular físico grave Analisouse Analisou multinomial Resultados 25,52% 2552 25 52 11,98% 1198 11 98 990 9 90 9,90% 175 1 75 1,7 216 2 16 2,1 polifarmácia 157 57 1,5 3 224 24 2,2 219 19 Conclusões foram sexo sobrepeso 25,52 255 5 11,98 119 99 9,90 17 7 1, 21 2, 15 22 25,5 11,9 9,9 25, 11, 9,

Resumo Toda atividade que atua envolvendo a exploração de recursos naturais, como a pesca, precisa ser organizada e conduzida com base nas informações dos programas de monitoramento para permitir uma avaliação contínua. Com o aumento da pressão pesqueira no Brasil, o entendimento da importância dos programas de monitoramento da pesca e como eles podem informar e auxiliar na tomada de decisões de conservação permanece limitado. Com base na literatura sobre pesca e conservação participativa, chamamos a atenção para a necessidade de gerar informações sobre o setor pesqueiro nacional para melhorar a pesca no país. Dado o contexto da necessidade de gerar informações sobre os estoques pesqueiros em exploração, bem como identificar potenciais alternativas de pesca e realizar diversas análises setoriais em conformidade com a Agenda 2030 para o Desenvolvimento Sustentável, é apresentada e discutida no presente trabalho a falta de um sistema de monitoramento contínuo da pesca no Brasil e seus efeitos na sustentabilidade da pesca no país. naturais contínua limitado participativa país 203 Sustentável 20 2

Abstract Every activity that involves exploitation of natural resources, such as fishing, needs to be organized and conducted based on information from monitoring programs to allow continuous evaluation. With the increasing fishing pressure in Brazil, the understanding of the importance of fisheries monitoring programs and how they can inform and assist in conservation decision-making remains limited. Based on the literature on fisheries and participatory conservation, we call attention to the need to generate information on the national fisheries sector in order to improve fisheries in the country. Given the context of the need to generate information on fishing stocks under exploitation, as well as to identify potential alternative fisheries and carry out various sectoral analyses in compliance with the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, we present and discuss in the present paper the lack of a system of continuous fishing monitoring in Brazil and its effects on the fisheries sustainability in the country. resources evaluation decisionmaking decision making limited country 203 Development 20 2

Resumo O Brasil possui a região semiárida mais populosa e de maior biodiversidade do mundo (Semiárido Brasileiro - SAB). No entanto, nas últimas décadas, núcleos de desertificação têm surgido, um problema que pode intensificar a partir de mudanças climáticas. O objetivo desse estudo foi elaborar a distribuição espacial das áreas suscetíveis à desertificação climática no SAB, considerando cenários futuros de mudanças do clima. O entendimento dessa dinâmica é algo essencial para a gestão agroambiental do SAB. Foram elaborados índices de aridez e proposição de classes climáticas para condição atual (1970-2000) e cenários futuros (2061-2080) do Painel Intergovernamental sobre Mudanças Climáticas (IPCC), levando em conta cenários do Caminhos Socioeconômicos Compartilhados: otimistas (SSP 126) e pessimistas (SSP 585). Os resultados indicam que até o final do século, o clima no SAB deverá tornar-se significativamente mais seco (Kruskal-Wallis = p-value < 0,05), com intensificação do índice de aridez no SSP 585. Nos cenários, a expansão de áreas mais áridas sobre climas úmidos pode alcançar 56.500 km2 (10%) no SSP 126 e 140,400 km2 (24%) no SSP 585. Consequentemente, espera-se expansão das áreas com alta (622,400 km2 a 706,300 km2) e muito alta (4,400 a 21,700 km2) suscetibilidade à desertificação climática no SAB, respectivamente nos cenários SSPs 126 e 585. Confirmando essas projeções, implicaria em riscos socioeconômicos e ecológicos no SAB. Semiárido . SAB) entanto décadas surgido 19702000 1970 2000 (1970-2000 20612080 2061 2080 (2061-2080 IPCC, IPCC , (IPCC) Compartilhados 585 585) século tornarse tornar se KruskalWallis Kruskal Wallis pvalue p value 0,05, 005 0,05 0 05 0,05) 56500 56 500 56.50 km 10% 10 (10% 12 140400 140 400 140,40 24% 24 (24% Consequentemente esperase espera 622,400 622400 622 (622,40 706300 706 300 706,30 4,400 4400 4 (4,40 21700 21 700 21,70 projeções 1970200 197 200 (1970-200 2061208 206 208 (2061-208 (IPCC 58 00 0,0 5650 5 50 56.5 1 (10 14040 14 40 140,4 2 (24 622,40 62240 62 (622,4 70630 70 30 706,3 4,40 440 (4,4 2170 21,7 197020 19 20 (1970-20 206120 (2061-20 0, 565 56. (1 1404 140, (2 622,4 6224 6 (622, 7063 7 3 706, 4,4 44 (4, 217 21, 19702 (1970-2 20612 (2061-2 ( 622, (622 4, (4 (1970- (2061- (62 (1970 (2061 (6 (197 (206 (19 (20

Abstract Brazil has the most populous and biodiverse semi-arid region in the world (Brazilian Semi-arid - SAB). However, in recent decades, clusters of desertification have emerged, a problem that could intensify from climate change. The objective of this study was to elaborate on the spatial distribution of areas susceptible to climatic desertification in the SAB, considering future climate change scenarios. Understanding this dynamic is essential for SAB's agri-environmental management. Aridity indices and proposition of climate classes for current condition (1970-2000) and future scenarios (2061-2080) of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) were prepared, considering scenarios from Shared Socioeconomic Pathways: Optimistic (SSP 126) and pessimists (SSP 585). The results indicate that by the end of the century, the climate in the SAB should become significantly drier (Kruskal-Wallis = p-value < 0.05), with an intensification of the aridity index in SSP 585. In the scenarios, the expansion of more arid areas over humid climates could reach 56,500 km2 (10%) in SSP 126 and 140,400 km2 (24%) in SSP 585. Consequently, areas with high (622,400 km2 to 706,300 km2) and very high (622,400 km2 to 706,300 km2) are expected to expand. 4,400 to 21,700 km2) susceptibility to climate desertification in the SAB, respectively in scenarios SSPs 126 and 585. Confirming these projections would imply socioeconomic and ecological risks in the SAB. semiarid semi Brazilian Semiarid Semi . SAB) However decades emerged SABs s agrienvironmental agri environmental management 19702000 1970 2000 (1970-2000 20612080 2061 2080 (2061-2080 IPCC (IPCC prepared Pathways 585 585) century KruskalWallis Kruskal Wallis pvalue p value 0.05, 005 0.05 , 0 05 0.05) 56500 56 500 56,50 km 10% 10 (10% 12 140400 140 400 140,40 24% 24 (24% Consequently 622,400 622400 622 (622,40 706300 706 300 706,30 expand 4400 4 4,40 21700 21 700 21,70 1970200 197 200 (1970-200 2061208 206 208 (2061-208 58 00 0.0 5650 5 50 56,5 1 (10 14040 14 40 140,4 2 (24 622,40 62240 62 (622,4 70630 70 30 706,3 440 4,4 2170 21,7 197020 19 20 (1970-20 206120 (2061-20 0. 565 56, (1 1404 140, (2 622,4 6224 6 (622, 7063 7 3 706, 44 4, 217 21, 19702 (1970-2 20612 (2061-2 ( 622, (622 (1970- (2061- (62 (1970 (2061 (6 (197 (206 (19 (20

Resumen Los procesos erosivos tienen graves impactos sobre el ambiente, generando importantes pérdidas económicas, sociales y de biodiversidad. Este trabajo tiene como objetivo analizar la fragilidad ambiental asociada a los procesos erosivos en la cuenca del arroyo La Onça, en Coxim, Mato Grosso do Sul-Brasil. La metodologia se sustenta en la cartografia de los suelos, la inclinación de las pendientes, las áreas prioritarias para la conservación de la biodiversidad y la intensidad de la lluvia, con vistas a evaluar la fragilidad potencial que, unida al mapa del uso y cobertura de la tierra por la superposición booleana ponderada, permite obtener la fragilidad ambiental. Para validar este modelo se realizó la identificación de los sitios con erosión, a partir de una imagen de alta resolución y el levantamiento de las áreas llamadas "suelos con exposición extrema" mediante la identificación de áreas que presentan el menor grado de protección del suelo. Los resultados muestran el predominio en la cuenca de las zonas con fragilidad ambiental media (59,61 %) y alta (23,66 %), asociada a una gran concentración de los procesos erosivos en áreas de baja cobertura vegetal, identificadas en el mapa de uso y cobertura de la tierra como áreas de pastos. Ideas destacadas: Articulo de investigación que tiene como premisa el análisis de la fragilidad ambiental asociada a los procesos erosivos dentro de la cuenca del arroyo La Onça (Coxim-Ms). Se utilizaron geotecnologias para el análisis sistémico, estableciendo medidas dirigidas a ayudar en la toma de decisiones para el manejo y conservación del área.

Resumo Os processos erosivos ocasionam severos impactos ao ambiente, gerando perdas económicas, sociais e de biodiversidade. Este trabalho analisa a fragilidade do ambiente a processos erosivos na bacia hidrográfica do córrego da Onça, em Coxim-MS. A metodologia se fundamentou em mapeamentos de solos, declividade, áreas prioritárias à conservação da biodiversidade e na intensidade pluviomètrica para avaliar a fragilidade potencial e no mapeamento de uso e cobertura da terra que, por meio de sobreposição booleana ponderada resultou um mapeamento da fragilidade ambiental. Para validar esse modelo, foram identificados, pontualmente, as feições erosivas a partir de uma imagem de alta resolução e também um levantamento, com enfoque nas áreas nominadas de "solos com exposição extrema", que teve como objetivo a identificação de áreas que apresentam o menor grau de proteção/cobertura do solo. Os resultados apontaram o predominio de média (59,61 %) e alta (23,66 %), associadas a grandes concentrações de processos erosivos em área de "solo com exposição extrema", áreas de baixa cobertura vegetal, classificadas no uso e cobertura da terra com as classes de pastagem. Ideias destacadas: Artigo de investigação que tem como premissa a análise da fragilidade ambiental associada aos processos erosivos na bacia do córrego da Onça (Coxim-MS), empregando-se as geotecnologias para a análise sistêmica do ambiente, estabelecendo medidas propositivas, que auxiliem na tomada de decisões para o manejo e conservação da área.

Abstract Erosive processes cause severe impacts on the environment, causing economic, social, and biodiversity losses. This paper aims to analyze the fragility of the environment to erosive processes in the Onça river basin, in Coxim-MS. The methodology was based on soil mapping, slope, priority areas for biodiversity conservation, and rainfall intensity to evaluate the potential fragility and land use and land cover, that by means of a boolean weighted overlap with the potential fragility resulted in the mapping of the environmental fragility. To validate the environmental fragility model, the erosive features were identified from a high-resolution image and a making, focusing on the areas named "soils with extreme exposure" from a classification, which had as its only aim to identify areas with the lowest degree of protection/ground cover. The results pointed to the predominance of medium (59.61 %) and high (23.66 %) environmental fragility, associated with high concentrations of erosive processes in "soil with extreme exposure" area, which are areas of low vegetation cover, classified by use. and land cover with the pasture classes. Main ideas: Research article that has as premise the analysis of environmental fragility to erosive processes within the watershed of the Onça stream (Coxim-MS), using geotechnologies for the systemic analysis of the environment, establishing propositional measures that assist in taking decisions for the management and conservation of the area.

In order to contribute to knowledge of the epidemiology of American cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL) among indigenous people living in sylvatic regions, we studied the sand fly fauna collected in areas of disease transmission in the Brazilian Amazon. Our two datasets reported here are comprised of occurrence data for sand flies from the Suruwaha Indigenous Land in the state of Amazonas collected between 2012-1013, and the Wajãpi Indigenous Land in the state of Amapá collected between 2013-2014. Sand flies were collected using unbaited CDC-like light traps at various sites within each study area and were identified to species-level by taxonomists with expertise in Amazonian fauna. A total of 4,646 records are reported: 1,428 from the Suruwaha and 3,218 from the Wajãpi. These records will contribute to a better understanding of ACL transmission dynamics, as well as the distribution of insect vectors, in these areas.

ABSTRACT The increase of H. pylori resistance to clarithromycin is a concern. This study evaluated the prevalence of H. pylori’s primary resistance to clarithromycin and its association with virulence factors in adult dyspeptic patients and asymptomatic children. The gastric mucosa from patients (153 gastritis, 24 gastric cancer, 21 peptic ulcer) and gastric juice obtained by string test from 24 H. pylori and 23S rRNA positive asymptomatic children were included. The clarithromycin resistance was assessed by TaqMan RT-PCR 23S rRNA point mutations, A2142G and/or A2143G, and H. pylori virulence markers by PCR. Overall, the clarithromycin resistance was 14.4% (32/222), 14.2% in adults, and 12% in children, whereas origin, gender, and disease were not distinctive factors. The most prevalent point mutation was A2143G (62.5%). The point mutation was significantly less frequent in cagA-positive (11.4%) than in cagA-negative (23.6%) strains (p=0.03 OR = 0.4 95%CI = 0.19 - 0.91) as well as in cagE-positive (10.2%), cagE-negative (21.2%) (p=0.03 OR: 0.4 I.C:0.20-0.91). No difference was found in iceA or vacA alleles genotypes. Primary resistance to clarithromycin was lower than that reported in Southeast Brazil. The cagA and cagE positive H. pylori samples have few point mutations suggesting that individuals infected with virulent strains may be more susceptible to anti-H. pylori treatment.

Resumo A NBR 7190 (ABNT, 1997) assume o valor médio do módulo de elasticidade à compressão na direção paralela às fibras (Ec0,m) como o representativo de todas as barras de estruturas. Devido à variabilidade da madeira, tal metodologia pode resultar em valores de deslocamento superiores ao limite definido pela norma, o que pode gerar patologias na estrutura. Buscando avaliar a influência da adoção do Ec0,m no cálculo das flechas, foram realizados ensaios experimentais para obter as propriedades mecânicas da madeira branquilho. Com o auxílio de simulações numéricas e de valores experimentais, foram analisadas três tipologias (fink, bowstring e banzos paralelos) e dois vãos (10 m e 20 m). Adotando o Ec0,m, foram determinadas as cargas máximas para o deslocamento de L/200. Posteriormente, utilizando o mesmo carregamento, foram atribuídos valores aleatórios de rigidez para cada elemento da treliça, medindo o deslocamento máximo de cada modelo. Em modelos para os quais o módulo de elasticidade foi atribuído aleatoriamente, foram observadas flechas superiores em aproximadamente 28% e 32% para vãos de 10 m e de 20 m respectivamente. Isso pode justificar algumas patologias que podem ser evitadas com a pré-classificação não destrutiva e a colocação racional das peças em regiões mais solicitadas.

Abstract The NBR 7190 (ABNT, 1997) assumes the mean value of the elasticity module to compression in the direction parallel to grain (E c0,m ) as being the representative for all roof structure bars. Due to the variability of woods, such methodology can result in displacement values higher than the limit defined by the standard, which can generate pathologies in the structure. In order to evaluate the influence of the use of E c0,m on the displacement calculation, experimental tests were carried out to obtain the mechanical properties of the wood species Sebastianiacommersoniana (Baillon) Smith & Downs. With the aid of numerical simulations and experimental values, three typologies (fink, bowstring and parallel chord) and two spans (10 m and 20 m) were analysed. Adopting E c0,m , the maximum loads for a displacement of L/200 were determined. After, random stiffness values were assigned to each element of the truss, measuring the maximum displacement of each model. In models where the modulus of elasticity was randomly assigned, superior arrows were observed in approximately 28% and 32% for spans of 10 m and 20 m, respectively. It may explain some pathologies that can be avoided with non-destructive pre-classification and the rational placement of parts in the most vulnerable areas.

ABSTRACT Phosphate solubilizing microorganisms (PSM) and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) represent alternative strategies to reduce the cost and increase the production of cagaita (Eugenia dysenterica) seedlings associated with different substrates. This study aimed to assess the effect of inoculating PSM and AMF in different substrates for cagaita (Eugenia dysenterica) culturing. The experiment was installed with a completely randomized design, using a 4 × 2 factorial scheme, with four inoculation treatments (PSM, AMF, PSM + AMF, and Control - absence of inoculation), and two soils substrates (pure sandy substrate and mixed substrate). The substrates and microorganism had influence in cagaita seedling growth. The pure substrate conferred better performance of plant growth parameters. In this substrate, cagaita seedlings had higher stem diameter, shoot fresh and dry weight, root volume and root dry weight. The cultivation of seedlings in pure substrate inoculated with AMF and PSM provided greater Mo content in the leaves. The higher root volume of cagaita seedlings was obtained with the inoculation of PSM. A sandy substrate seems to be the most adequate for the cultivation of cagaita seedlings. In addition, co-inoculation provides higher Fe, Mg, and K content in the leaves, as this work showed.

RESUMEN Los microorganismos solubilizadores de fosfato (PSM) y los hongos micorrízicos arbusculares (HMA) representan estrategias alternativas para reducir el costo y aumentar la producción de plántulas de cagaita (Eugenia dysenterica) asociadas a diferentes sustratos. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar el efecto de la inoculación de PSM y HMA en diferentes sustratos para el cultivo de cagaita (Eugenia dysenterica). El experimento se instaló con un diseño completamente al azar, utilizando un esquema factorial 4 × 2, con cuatro tratamientos de inoculación (PSM, HMA, PSM + HMA y Control - ausencia de inoculación), y dos sustratos de suelo (sustrato arenoso puro y sustrato mixto). Los sustratos y microorganismos influyeron en el crecimiento de las plántulas de cagaita. El sustrato puro propició un mejor desempeño de los parámetros de crecimiento de las plantas. En este sustrato, las plántulas de cagaita presentaron mayor diámetro de tallo, masa fresca y seca de brotes, volumen de raíz y masa seca de la raíz. El cultivo de plántulas en sustrato puro inoculadas con HMA y PSM proporcionó mayor contenido de Mo en las hojas. El mayor volumen de raíces de plántulas de cagaita se obtuvo con la inoculación de PSM. Un sustrato arenoso parece ser el más adecuado para el cultivo de plántulas de cagaita. Además, la coinoculación proporciona un mayor contenido de Fe, Mg y K en las hojas, como mostró este trabajo.