Abstract Objective: To analyze the morbidity trend and space-time distribution clusters of confirmed COVID-19 cases in children and adolescents. Method: An ecological study of COVID-19 cases confirmed in the Information System from 2020 to 2022 in the age group from 0 to 19 years old, residents in Mato Grosso municipalities, Brazilian Midwest region. A trend analysis of the monthly morbidity rate of cases/100,000 inhabitants was used, following Prais-Winsten’s regression. A space-time distribution of the Bayesian incidence rate per 100,000 inhabitants was performed, in addition to a space-time scan to identify high-risk clusters. Results: Of all 79,592 COVID-19 cases studied, 51.6% were in females and 44.21% in people aged 15-19 years old. The mean monthly rate was 265.87 cases per 100,000 inhabitants, with a stationary trend in the period analyzed (Monthly Percentage Variation [MPV]) = 12.15; CI95%[MPV]: -0.73;26.70). The morbidity rate due to COVID-19 was higher in the female gender (283.14/ 100,000 inhabitants) and in the age group from 15 to 19 years old (485.90/100,000 inhabitants). An increasing trend was observed with a greater monthly time variation of 14.42% (CI95%[MPV]: 1.28;29.28)] among those aged from 10 to 14 years old. The primary cluster, which was also the one with the highest Relative Risk (RR = 5,16, p-value = 0.001), included 19 municipalities located in the North health macro-region. Conclusion: The findings indicated a monthly stationary trend in the study population, an increase in the age group from 10 to 14 years old, and areas at a higher risk for the disease in the North health macro-region of the state. Objective spacetime space COVID19 COVID COVID-1 adolescents Method 202 1 region cases100000 100 000 cases/100,00 used PraisWinstens Prais Winsten s regression 100000 100,00 performed highrisk high Results 79592 79 592 79,59 studied 516 51 6 51.6 4421 44 21 44.21 1519 15-1 26587 265 87 265.8 Monthly MPV [MPV] 12.15 1215 12 CI95%MPV CI95MPV CIMPV CI95% CI95 CI CI95%[MPV] 0.7326.70. 0732670 0.73 26.70 . 73 26 70 -0.73;26.70) 283.14/ 28314 283 (283.14 485.90/100,000 48590100000 485 90 (485.90/100,00 inhabitants. 1442 42 14.42 (CI95%[MPV] 1.2829.28 1282928 1.28 29.28 28 29 1.28;29.28) cluster RR 5 16 5,16 pvalue p value 0.001, 0001 0.001 , 001 0.001) macroregion. macroregion macro Conclusion population state COVID1 COVID- 20 cases10000 00 cases/100,0 10000 100,0 7959 7 59 79,5 51. 442 4 2 44.2 151 15- 2658 8 265. [MPV 12.1 121 CI9 CI95%[MPV 7326 0.7326.70 073267 073 0.7 2670 26.7 -0.73;26.70 283.14 2831 (283.1 485.90/100,00 4859010000 48 9 (485.90/100,0 144 14.4 (CI95%[MPV 2829 1.2829.2 128292 128 1.2 2928 29.2 1.28;29.28 5,1 0.00 cases1000 cases/100, 1000 100, 795 79, 44. 12. 732 0.7326.7 07326 07 0. 267 26. -0.73;26.7 283.1 (283. 485.90/100,0 485901000 (485.90/100, 14. 282 1.2829. 12829 1. 292 29. 1.28;29.2 5, 0.0 cases100 cases/100 0.7326. 0732 -0.73;26. 283. (283 485.90/100, 48590100 (485.90/100 1.2829 1282 1.28;29. cases10 cases/10 0.7326 -0.73;26 (28 485.90/100 4859010 (485.90/10 1.282 1.28;29 cases1 cases/1 0.732 -0.73;2 (2 485.90/10 485901 (485.90/1 1.28;2 cases/ -0.73; ( 485.90/1 48590 (485.90/ 1.28; -0.73 485.90/ 4859 (485.90 -0.7 485.90 (485.9 -0. 485.9 (485. -0 485. (485 - (48 (4

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the spatiotemporal epidemiological dynamics of meningitis in Brazil, between 2010 and 2019. Methods: Descriptive ecological study with cases and deaths due to meningitis in Brazil (2010-2019) in the National Notifiable Diseases Information System (Sistema de Informações de Agravos de Notificação – SINAN). The following analyses were performed: (I) frequency analyses of cases and deaths, prevalence rates, mortality, lethality, Fisher's exact test, and chi-square test; (II) Prais-Winstein regression; and (III) Global, Local Moran's index, and Kernel density. Results: 182,126 cases of meningitis were reported in Brazil, of which 16,866 (9.26%) resulted in death, with prevalence rates of 9.03/100,000 inhabitants, mortality of 0.84/100,000 inhabitants, and lethality of 9.26%. There was a noted trend of decreasing prevalence rates (−9.5%, 95% confidence interval — 95%CI −13.92; −4.96, p<0.01) and mortality (−11.74%, 95%CI −13.92; −9.48, p<0.01), while lethality remained stable (−2.08%, 95%CI −4.9; 0.8; p<0.1941). The majority of cases were viral meningitis (45.7%), among 1-9 years old (32.2%), while the highest proportion of deaths was due to bacterial meningitis (68%), among 40-59 years old (26.3%). In the Moran and Kernel maps of prevalence and mortality rates, municipalities in the South, Southeast, and the capital of Pernambuco in the Northeast stood out with high rates; as for lethality, the North, Northeast, and Southeast coastal areas were highlighted. Conclusion: A decrease in meningitis cases and deaths was found in this study; however, the lethality rate was higher in areas with lower prevalence, emphasizing the need to enhance actions for identifying, monitoring, and providing health care for cases, as well as expanding vaccination coverage. Objective 201 2019 Methods 20102019 (2010-2019 Sistema SINAN. SINAN . SINAN) performed I (I Fishers Fisher s test chisquare chi square II (II PraisWinstein Prais Winstein regression III (III Global Morans index density Results 182126 182 126 182,12 16866 16 866 16,86 9.26% 926 9 26 (9.26% death 903100000 03 100 000 9.03/100,00 inhabitants 084100000 0 84 0.84/100,00 −9.5%, 95 5 (−9.5% 95CI CI −13.92 1392 13 92 496 4 96 −4.96 p<0.01 p001 p 01 −11.74%, 1174 11 74 (−11.74% 948 48 −9.48 p<0.01, , −2.08%, 208 2 08 (−2.08% −4.9 49 0.8 8 p<0.1941. p01941 p<0.1941 1941 p<0.1941) 45.7%, 457 45.7% 45 7 (45.7%) 19 1 1- 32.2%, 322 32.2% 32 (32.2%) 68%, 68 68% (68%) 4059 40 59 40-5 26.3%. 263 26.3% 3 (26.3%) South North highlighted Conclusion however identifying monitoring coverage 20 2010201 (2010-201 18212 18 12 182,1 1686 86 16,8 9.26 (9.26 90310000 10 00 9.03/100,0 08410000 0.84/100,0 −9.5% (−9.5 −13.9 139 p<0.0 p00 −11.74% 117 (−11.74 94 −9.4 −2.08% (−2.08 −4. 0. p0194 p<0.194 194 45.7 (45.7% 32.2 (32.2% 6 (68% 405 40- 26.3 (26.3% 201020 (2010-20 1821 182, 168 16, 9.2 (9.2 9031000 9.03/100, 0841000 0.84/100, −9.5 (−9. −13. p<0. p0 −11.74 (−11.7 −9. −2.08 (−2.0 −4 p019 p<0.19 45. (45.7 32. (32.2 (68 26. (26.3 20102 (2010-2 9. (9. 903100 9.03/100 084100 0.84/100 (−9 −13 p<0 −11.7 (−11. −9 −2.0 (−2. − p01 p<0.1 (45. (32. (6 (26. (2010- (9 90310 9.03/10 08410 0.84/10 (− −1 p< −11. (−11 −2. (−2 (45 (32 ( (26 (2010 9031 9.03/1 0841 0.84/1 −11 (−1 −2 (4 (3 (2 (201 903 9.03/ 084 0.84/ (20 90 9.03 0.84 9.0

RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar a dinâmica epidemiológica espaçotemporal das meningites no Brasil, entre os anos de 2010 e 2019. Métodos: Estudo ecológico descritivo com os casos e óbitos por meningites no Brasil (2010–2019) no Sistema de Informações de Agravos de Notificação. Realizaram-se (I) análises de frequências dos casos e óbitos, taxas de prevalência, mortalidade, letalidade, testes de exato de Fisher e qui-quadrado; (II) regressão de Prais-Winsten; e (III) índice de Moran global, local e densidade de Kernel. Resultados: Notificaram-se 182.126 casos de meningites no Brasil, dos quais 16.866 (9,26%) evoluíram para óbito, com taxas de prevalência de 9,03/100.000/habitantes, mortalidade de 0,84/100.000/habitantes e letalidade de 9,26%. Destaca-se a tendência de decrescimento das taxas de prevalência (−9,5%, intervalo de confiança de 95% — IC95% −13,92; −4,96, p<0,01) e mortalidade (−11,74%, IC95% −13,92; −9,48, p<01,01), enquanto a letalidade se manteve estacionária (−2,08%, IC95% −4,9; 0,8; p<0,1941). A maioria dos casos foi de meningites virais (45,7%), entre 1 e 9 anos (32,2%), enquanto a maior parcela dos óbitos foi por meningites bacterianas (68%), entre 40 e 59 anos (26,3%). Nos mapas de Moran e Kernel das taxas de prevalência e mortalidade, destacaram-se com altas taxas os municípios do sul, sudeste e a capital de Pernambuco, no nordeste; já na letalidade, evidenciaram-se o norte, o nordeste e o litoral do sudeste. Conclusão: Encontrou-se decréscimo dos casos e óbitos por meningites neste estudo, entretanto a taxa de letalidade foi maior em áreas com menor prevalência, reforçando a necessidade do aprimoramento das ações de identificação, vigilância e assistência em saúde dos casos, bem como da ampliação da cobertura vacinal. Objetivo 201 2019 Métodos 2010–2019 20102019 (2010–2019 Notificação Realizaramse Realizaram I (I quiquadrado qui quadrado qui-quadrado II (II PraisWinsten Prais Winsten Prais-Winsten III (III global Resultados Notificaramse Notificaram 182126 182 126 182.12 16866 16 866 16.86 9,26% 926 26 (9,26% óbito 903100000habitantes habitantes 03 100 000 9,03/100.000/habitantes 084100000habitantes 0 84 Destacase Destaca −9,5%, 95 5 (−9,5% IC95 IC −13,92 1392 13 92 496 4 96 −4,96 p<0,01 p001 p 01 −11,74%, 1174 11 74 (−11,74% 948 48 −9,48 p<01,01, p0101 p<01,01 , p<01,01) −2,08%, 208 2 08 (−2,08% −4,9 49 0,8 8 p<0,1941. p01941 p<0,1941 . 1941 p<0,1941) 45,7%, 457 45,7% 45 7 (45,7%) 32,2%, 322 32,2% 32 (32,2%) 68%, 68 68% (68%) 26,3%. 263 26,3% 3 (26,3%) destacaramse destacaram sul Pernambuco evidenciaramse evidenciaram norte Conclusão Encontrouse Encontrou estudo identificação vacinal 20 2010–201 2010201 (2010–201 18212 18 12 182.1 1686 86 16.8 9,26 (9,26 10 00 −9,5% (−9,5 IC9 −13,9 139 p<0,0 p00 −11,74% 117 (−11,74 94 −9,4 p010 p<01,0 −2,08% (−2,08 −4, 0, p0194 p<0,194 194 45,7 (45,7% 32,2 (32,2% 6 (68% 26,3 (26,3% 2010–20 201020 (2010–20 1821 182. 168 16. 9,2 (9,2 −9,5 (−9, −13, p<0, p0 −11,74 (−11,7 −9, p01 p<01, −2,08 (−2,0 −4 p019 p<0,19 19 45, (45,7 32, (32,2 (68 26, (26,3 2010–2 20102 (2010–2 9, (9, (−9 −13 p<0 −11,7 (−11, −9 p<01 −2,0 (−2, − p<0,1 (45, (32, (6 (26, 2010– (2010– (9 (− −1 p< −11, (−11 −2, (−2 (45 (32 ( (26 (2010 −11 (−1 −2 (4 (3 (2 (201 (20

ABSTRACT Obtaining introgression lines of saladete-type dwarf tomato plants can provide several advantages in breeding programs. In addition to increasing productivity, the dwarf plant can produce metabolites that are important to resistance to biotic stress. However, there are no saladette-type dwarf tomato introgression lines. The objective of this study was to evaluate the agronomic potential, fruit quality, and secondary metabolites associated with pest resistance for the development saladette-type dwarf tomato introgression lines. The experiment was conducted with 23 treatments, including the UFU MC TOM 1 donor parent, the UFU TOM 5 recurrent parent, the Pizzadoro commercial cultivar (control), 5 populations from the first backcross, and 15 populations from the second backcross. Agronomic and nutraceutical characteristics of fruits and the acylsugar content in the leaflets were evaluated. The genetic dissimilarity was calculated using the generalized Mahalanobis distance (D2). Genetic gain through selection was estimated using the rank sum index and the genotype-ideotype distance index. The selection indices showed the importance of obtaining the second backcross. The populations UFU_13_1, UFU_17_1, UFU_10_1, UFUi_11_3, UFUi_10_3, and UFU_11_2 have the potential to obtain introgression lines as they present good agronomic and fruit quality characteristics and acylsugar content similar to UFU MC TOM 1. The dwarf tomato germplasm obtained has significant genetic variability and a saladette-type genetic background with the potential to develop introgression lines. The cultivar UFU MC TOM 1 is promising and can overcome the wild access Solanum pennellii for breeding programs aimed at pest resistance, increasing productivity, and biofortification of fruits to enhance carotenoids. saladetetype saladete type productivity stress However saladettetype saladette 2 treatments parent control, control , (control) backcross evaluated D2. D2 D . (D2) genotypeideotype genotype ideotype UFU131 13 UFU_13_1 UFU171 17 UFU_17_1 UFU101 10 UFU_10_1 UFUi113 UFUi 11 3 UFUi_11_3 UFUi103 UFUi_10_3 UFU112 UFU_11_ carotenoids (control (D2 UFU13 UFU_13_ UFU17 UFU_17_ UFU10 UFU_10_ UFUi11 UFUi_11_ UFUi10 UFUi_10_ UFU11 UFU_11 (D UFU1 UFU_13 UFU_17 UFU_10 UFUi1 UFUi_11 UFUi_10 UFU_1 UFUi_1 UFU_ UFUi_

RESUMO A obtenção de linhas de introgressão de tomateiro anão do tipo Saladete pode proporcionar vantagens em programas de melhoramento. Além do aumento de produtividade, a planta anã pode apresentar metabólitos para o estresse biótico. No entanto, não existe linhas de introgressão de tomateiro anão do tipo Saladete. O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar o potencial agronômico, qualidade de fruto e metabólitos secundários para resistência a pragas visando a obtenção de linhas de introgressão de tomateiro anão do tipo Saladete. Foram avaliados 23 tratamentos, sendo o genitor doador UFU MC TOM 1, genitor recorrente UFU TOM 5, cultivar comercial Pizzadoro (Testemunha), cinco populações provenientes do primeiro e 15 populações do segundo retrocruzanento. Foram avaliadas características agronômicas e nutraceuticas dos frutos, e acilaçúcares nos folíolos. A dissimilaridade genética foi calculada por meio da distância generalizada de Mahalanobis (D2) e as estimativas de ganhos genéticos a partir dos índices de soma de ranks e da distância genótipo-ideótipo. Foi possível afirmar a importância de se obter o segundo retrocruzamento. As populações UFU_13_1, UFU_17_1, UFU_10_1, UFUi_11_3, UFUi_10_3 e UFU_11_2 possuem potencial para obtenção de linhas de introgressão por apresentarem boas características agronômicas, qualidade de frutos e teores de acilaçúcar similares a UFU MC TOM 1. O germoplasma de tomateiro anão possui variabilidade genética e background do tipo Saladete com potencial para explorar linhas de introgressão. A cultivar UFU MC TOM 1 é promissora e pode superar o acesso silvestre Solanum pennellii para programas de melhoramento visando resistência a pragas, produtividade e frutos biofortificados para carotenoides. biótico entanto agronômico 2 tratamentos 5 Testemunha, Testemunha , (Testemunha) retrocruzanento folíolos D2 D (D2 genótipoideótipo. genótipoideótipo genótipo ideótipo. ideótipo genótipo-ideótipo retrocruzamento UFU131 13 UFU_13_1 UFU171 17 UFU_17_1 UFU101 10 UFU_10_1 UFUi113 UFUi 11 3 UFUi_11_3 UFUi103 UFUi_10_ UFU112 UFU_11_ carotenoides (Testemunha (D UFU13 UFU_13_ UFU17 UFU_17_ UFU10 UFU_10_ UFUi11 UFUi_11_ UFUi10 UFUi_10 UFU11 UFU_11 UFU1 UFU_13 UFU_17 UFU_10 UFUi1 UFUi_11 UFUi_1 UFU_1 UFUi_ UFU_

ABSTRACT Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.), a globally significant species, faces substantial economic losses due to pest insects. However, exploiting dwarf germplasm for pest resistance, particularly the UFU MC TOM1 lineage, remains underexplored. The objectives of this study were to select backcross populations from dwarf tomato plants through direct and indirect selection and to elucidate whether there are consequences in resistance level as backcross generations progress aiming at a genetic background of interest. Backcross populations 1, 2, and 3 of dwarf tomato plants were obtained. In the conducted experiment, featuring 20 treatments and four repetitions in a randomized block design, we assessed foliar injuries and herbivory through image analysis. Additionally, we quantified the content of acylsugars, conducted chromatographic analysis, and analyzed the metabolomic profile in the leaflets. Promisingly, the UFU 13_1 dwarf plant population showed potential for enhancing genetic improvement programs targeting pest insect resistance. Moreover, the progression of backcross generations yielded varied resistance levels, likely influenced by inheritance patterns and acylsugar content. The UFU MC TOM1 line, distinguished by its high acylsugar content, exhibited robust resistance against both the tomato leafminer (Tuta absoluta Meyrick 1917) and the leafminer (Liriomyza huidobrensis Blanchard). Furthermore, our analysis revealed the expression of metabolites in the UFU MC TOM1 lineage, potentially linked to various biotic and abiotic stress responses. These findings offer promising prospects for leveraging the dwarf tomato variety, UFU MC TOM1, in genetic improvement programs aimed at combating pest insects in tomatoes. Solanum L., L L. , L.) species However TOM lineage underexplored interest 1 2 obtained experiment design Additionally acylsugars leaflets Promisingly 131 13 13_ Moreover levels line Tuta 1917 Liriomyza Blanchard. Blanchard . Blanchard) Furthermore responses variety tomatoes 191 19

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the spatiotemporal epidemiological dynamics of meningitis in Brazil, between 2010 and 2019. Methods: Descriptive ecological study with cases and deaths due to meningitis in Brazil (2010-2019) in the National Notifiable Diseases Information System (Sistema de Informações de Agravos de Notificação – SINAN). The following analyses were performed: (I) frequency analyses of cases and deaths, prevalence rates, mortality, lethality, Fisher's exact test, and chi-square test; (II) Prais-Winstein regression; and (III) Global, Local Moran's index, and Kernel density. Results: 182,126 cases of meningitis were reported in Brazil, of which 16,866 (9.26%) resulted in death, with prevalence rates of 9.03/100,000 inhabitants, mortality of 0.84/100,000 inhabitants, and lethality of 9.26%. There was a noted trend of decreasing prevalence rates (−9.5%, 95% confidence interval — 95%CI −13.92; −4.96, p<0.01) and mortality (−11.74%, 95%CI −13.92; −9.48, p<0.01), while lethality remained stable (−2.08%, 95%CI −4.9; 0.8; p<0.1941). The majority of cases were viral meningitis (45.7%), among 1-9 years old (32.2%), while the highest proportion of deaths was due to bacterial meningitis (68%), among 40-59 years old (26.3%). In the Moran and Kernel maps of prevalence and mortality rates, municipalities in the South, Southeast, and the capital of Pernambuco in the Northeast stood out with high rates; as for lethality, the North, Northeast, and Southeast coastal areas were highlighted. Conclusion: A decrease in meningitis cases and deaths was found in this study; however, the lethality rate was higher in areas with lower prevalence, emphasizing the need to enhance actions for identifying, monitoring, and providing health care for cases, as well as expanding vaccination coverage.

RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar a dinâmica epidemiológica espaçotemporal das meningites no Brasil, entre os anos de 2010 e 2019. Métodos: Estudo ecológico descritivo com os casos e óbitos por meningites no Brasil (2010–2019) no Sistema de Informações de Agravos de Notificação. Realizaram-se (I) análises de frequências dos casos e óbitos, taxas de prevalência, mortalidade, letalidade, testes de exato de Fisher e qui-quadrado; (II) regressão de Prais-Winsten; e (III) índice de Moran global, local e densidade de Kernel. Resultados: Notificaram-se 182.126 casos de meningites no Brasil, dos quais 16.866 (9,26%) evoluíram para óbito, com taxas de prevalência de 9,03/100.000/habitantes, mortalidade de 0,84/100.000/habitantes e letalidade de 9,26%. Destaca-se a tendência de decrescimento das taxas de prevalência (−9,5%, intervalo de confiança de 95% — IC95% −13,92; −4,96, p<0,01) e mortalidade (−11,74%, IC95% −13,92; −9,48, p<01,01), enquanto a letalidade se manteve estacionária (−2,08%, IC95% −4,9; 0,8; p<0,1941). A maioria dos casos foi de meningites virais (45,7%), entre 1 e 9 anos (32,2%), enquanto a maior parcela dos óbitos foi por meningites bacterianas (68%), entre 40 e 59 anos (26,3%). Nos mapas de Moran e Kernel das taxas de prevalência e mortalidade, destacaram-se com altas taxas os municípios do sul, sudeste e a capital de Pernambuco, no nordeste; já na letalidade, evidenciaram-se o norte, o nordeste e o litoral do sudeste. Conclusão: Encontrou-se decréscimo dos casos e óbitos por meningites neste estudo, entretanto a taxa de letalidade foi maior em áreas com menor prevalência, reforçando a necessidade do aprimoramento das ações de identificação, vigilância e assistência em saúde dos casos, bem como da ampliação da cobertura vacinal.

ABSTRACT Background Ventilator-associated tracheobronchitis is a common condition among invasively ventilated patients in intensive care units, for which the best treatment strategy is currently unknown. We designed the VATICAN (Ventilator-Associated Tracheobronchitis Initiative to Conduct Antibiotic Evaluation) trial to assess whether a watchful waiting antibiotic treatment strategy is noninferior to routine antibiotic treatment for ventilator-associated tracheobronchitis regarding days free of mechanical ventilation. Methods VATICAN is a randomized, controlled, open-label, multicenter noninferiority trial. Patients with suspected ventilator-associated tracheobronchitis without evidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia or hemodynamic instability due to probable infection will be assigned to either a watchful waiting strategy, without antimicrobial administration for ventilator-associated tracheobronchitis and prescription of antimicrobials only in cases of ventilator-associated pneumonia, sepsis or septic shock, or another infectious diagnosis, or to a routine antimicrobial treatment strategy for seven days. The primary outcome will be mechanical ventilation-free days at 28 days, and a key secondary outcome will be ventilator-associated pneumonia-free survival. Through an intention-to-treat framework with a per-protocol sensitivity analysis, the primary outcome analysis will address noninferiority with a 20% margin, which translates to a 1.5 difference in ventilator-free days. Other analyses will follow a superiority analysis framework. Conclusion The VATICAN trial will follow all national and international ethical standards. We aim to publish the trial in a high-visibility general journal and present it at critical care and infectious disease conferences for dissemination. These results will likely be immediately applicable to the bedside upon trial completion and will provide information with a low risk of bias for guideline development. Ventilatorassociated Ventilator associated units unknown VentilatorAssociated Associated Evaluation ventilatorassociated ventilator ventilation randomized controlled openlabel, openlabel open label, label open-label shock diagnosis ventilationfree 2 pneumoniafree survival intentiontotreat intention treat perprotocol per protocol 20 margin 15 1 5 1. ventilatorfree standards highvisibility high visibility dissemination development

RESUMO Contexto A traqueobronquite associada ao ventilador é uma condição comum entre pacientes ventilados invasivamente em unidades de terapia intensiva, para a qual se desconhece atualmente a melhor estratégia de tratamento. Desenhamos o estudo VATICAN (Ventilator-Associated Tracheobronchitis Initiative to Conduct Antibiotic Evaluation) para avaliar se uma estratégia de tratamento antibiótico de espera vigilante não é inferior ao tratamento antibiótico de rotina para traqueobronquite associada ao ventilador em relação aos dias sem ventilador mecânico. Métodos O VATICAN é um estudo randomizado, controlado, aberto e multicêntrico de não inferioridade. Os pacientes com suspeita de traqueobronquite associada ao ventilador sem evidência de pneumonia associada ao ventilador ou instabilidade hemodinâmica devido a uma provável infecção serão designados para uma estratégia de espera vigilante, sem administração profilática de antimicrobianos contra traqueobronquite associada ao ventilador e prescrição de antimicrobianos somente em casos de pneumonia associada ao ventilador, sepse ou choque séptico, ou outro diagnóstico infeccioso, ou para uma estratégia de tratamento antimicrobiano de rotina por 7 dias. O desfecho primário será o número de dias sem ventilador mecânico em 28 dias, e um desfecho secundário importante será a sobrevida sem pneumonia associada ao ventilador. Por meio de uma estrutura de intenção de tratar com análise de sensibilidade por protocolo, a análise do desfecho primário abordará a não inferioridade com margem de 20%, o que se traduz em uma diferença de 1,5 dia sem ventilador. Outras análises seguirão uma estrutura de análise de superioridade. Conclusão O VATICAN seguirá todos os padrões éticos nacionais e internacionais. O objetivo é publicar o estudo em um periódico geral de alta visibilidade e apresentá-lo em conferências de cuidados intensivos e doenças infecciosas para divulgação. Estes resultados provavelmente serão imediatamente aplicáveis à beira do leito após a conclusão do estudo e fornecerão informações com baixo risco de viés para o desenvolvimento de diretrizes. intensiva VentilatorAssociated Ventilator Associated Evaluation randomizado controlado séptico infeccioso 2 protocolo 20 20% 15 1 5 1, superioridade internacionais apresentálo apresentá lo divulgação diretrizes

Abstract The aim of the present study was to analyze the management organization of food and nutrition actions in the municipalities of Mato Grosso do Sul. This is a descriptive-exploratory study carried out in Mato Grosso do Sul, in which each municipal food and nutrition manager answered questions about performance, governance and financing profile. Data analysis applied frequency, chi-square test and decision tree tools. All cities were included (n=79). Most of the participants were female (92.4%), white (62%), nurses (45.6%) or nutritionists (36.7%). Financial management proved to be so incipient in the state since specific food and nutrition funding was neglected. The absence of a technical area in the municipality’s organizational chart was consistent with the lack of knowledge of actions, goals and resource allocation. Their presence coincided with having formally appointed technical managers, municipal food and nutrition policy, goals and elaboration of specialized materials. The present study also proposed a decision tree pointing that having a nutritionist in the team led to a positive result. The failures found in this study partly clarify the causes of the unsettling situation in the state. Our findings can support the creation of intervention strategies. Sul descriptiveexploratory descriptive exploratory performance profile frequency chisquare chi square tools n=79. n79 n n=79 . 79 (n=79) 92.4%, 924 92.4% , 92 4 (92.4%) 62%, 62 62% (62%) 45.6% 456 45 6 (45.6% 36.7%. 367 36.7% 36 7 (36.7%) neglected municipalitys municipality s allocation managers policy materials result strategies n7 n=7 (n=79 92.4 9 (92.4% (62% 45.6 (45.6 36.7 3 (36.7% n= (n=7 92. (92.4 (62 45. (45. 36. (36.7 (n= (92. (6 (45 (36. (n (92 ( (4 (36 (9 (3

Resumo Mato Grosso do Sul é líder nacional em mortes atribuíveis ao excesso de peso. O objetivo foi analisar a organização da gestão das ações da área de alimentação e nutrição dos municípios de MS. Estudo descritivo-exploratório realizado em MS, no qual cada gestor municipal de alimentação e nutrição respondeu sobre seu perfil, atuação, governança e financiamento. A análise de dados valeu-se de frequência, teste qui-quadrado e árvore de decisão. Todos participaram (n=79), a maioria era do sexo feminino (92,4%), raça/cor branca (62%), enfermeiros (45,6%) ou nutricionistas (36,7%). A gestão financeira mostrou-se tão incipiente no estado, que financiamentos específicos da área foram desprezados. A ausência de área técnica no organograma do município foi congruente com o desconhecimento de ações, metas e alocação de recursos; sua presença coincidiu com haver responsáveis técnicos formalmente indicados, política de alimentação e nutrição municipal, metas e elaboração de materiais. A árvore de decisão mostra que ter nutricionista na equipe traz efeitos positivos, como mais participação em processos decisórios. Falhas encontradas esclarecem, em parte, causas da grave situação do estado, e podem apoiar a criação de estratégias de intervenção. peso MS descritivoexploratório descritivo exploratório perfil atuação financiamento valeuse valeu se frequência quiquadrado qui quadrado n=79, n79 n n=79 , 79 (n=79) 92,4%, 924 92,4% 92 4 (92,4%) raçacor raça cor 62%, 62 62% (62%) 45,6% 456 45 6 (45,6% 36,7%. 367 36,7% . 36 7 (36,7%) mostrouse mostrou estado desprezados recursos indicados materiais positivos decisórios esclarecem parte intervenção n7 n=7 (n=79 92,4 9 (92,4% (62% 45,6 (45,6 36,7 3 (36,7% n= (n=7 92, (92,4 (62 45, (45, 36, (36,7 (n= (92, (6 (45 (36, (n (92 ( (4 (36 (9 (3

Abstract The aim of the present study was to analyze the management organization of food and nutrition actions in the municipalities of Mato Grosso do Sul. This is a descriptive-exploratory study carried out in Mato Grosso do Sul, in which each municipal food and nutrition manager answered questions about performance, governance and financing profile. Data analysis applied frequency, chi-square test and decision tree tools. All cities were included (n=79). Most of the participants were female (92.4%), white (62%), nurses (45.6%) or nutritionists (36.7%). Financial management proved to be so incipient in the state since specific food and nutrition funding was neglected. The absence of a technical area in the municipality’s organizational chart was consistent with the lack of knowledge of actions, goals and resource allocation. Their presence coincided with having formally appointed technical managers, municipal food and nutrition policy, goals and elaboration of specialized materials. The present study also proposed a decision tree pointing that having a nutritionist in the team led to a positive result. The failures found in this study partly clarify the causes of the unsettling situation in the state. Our findings can support the creation of intervention strategies.

Resumo Mato Grosso do Sul é líder nacional em mortes atribuíveis ao excesso de peso. O objetivo foi analisar a organização da gestão das ações da área de alimentação e nutrição dos municípios de MS. Estudo descritivo-exploratório realizado em MS, no qual cada gestor municipal de alimentação e nutrição respondeu sobre seu perfil, atuação, governança e financiamento. A análise de dados valeu-se de frequência, teste qui-quadrado e árvore de decisão. Todos participaram (n=79), a maioria era do sexo feminino (92,4%), raça/cor branca (62%), enfermeiros (45,6%) ou nutricionistas (36,7%). A gestão financeira mostrou-se tão incipiente no estado, que financiamentos específicos da área foram desprezados. A ausência de área técnica no organograma do município foi congruente com o desconhecimento de ações, metas e alocação de recursos; sua presença coincidiu com haver responsáveis técnicos formalmente indicados, política de alimentação e nutrição municipal, metas e elaboração de materiais. A árvore de decisão mostra que ter nutricionista na equipe traz efeitos positivos, como mais participação em processos decisórios. Falhas encontradas esclarecem, em parte, causas da grave situação do estado, e podem apoiar a criação de estratégias de intervenção.

ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the prevalence of total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) alterations in children and adolescents in Brazil. Materials and methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis of prevalence. The search for articles was carried out in the databases: Medline (PubMed), Embase, Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences (Lilacs). The meta-analysis was performed using the random effects model. The I² test was used to identify heterogeneity. Results: The present metanalysis revealed a significant prevalence of altered lipid profile in children and adolescents in Brazil. Regarding lipoprotein fractions, the prevalence of altered TC level was 27.47% (95% CI 24.36-30.82), and a smaller prevalence was observed for LDL cholesterol (19.29% – 95% CI 15.21-24.16). The models revealed high heterogeneity (I² = 99%; p < 0.01), however the precise source of it was not identified; although type of school, age group, year and the region of Brazil appeared to influence the estimations of altered lipid profiles. Conclusion: An important prevalence of lipid alterations was observed among Brazilian children and adolescents. Those results reinforce the importance of knowing the lipid profile of children and adolescents to perform early interventions for this public. Objective (TC lowdensity low density (LDL methods metaanalysis meta analysis databases PubMed, PubMed , (PubMed) Embase SciELO, SciELO (SciELO) Lilacs. Lilacs . (Lilacs) model I Results fractions 2747 27 47 27.47 95 (95 24.3630.82, 24363082 24.36 30.82 24 36 30 82 24.36-30.82) 19.29% 1929 19 29 (19.29 15.2124.16. 15212416 15.21 24.16 15 21 16 15.21-24.16) (I 99% 99 0.01, 001 0.01 0 01 0.01) identified school group profiles Conclusion public (PubMed (SciELO (Lilacs 274 2 4 27.4 9 (9 3630 24.3630.82 2436308 2436 24.3 3082 30.8 3 8 24.36-30.82 19.29 192 1 (19.2 2124 15.2124.16 1521241 1521 15.2 2416 24.1 15.21-24.16 00 0.0 27. ( 363 24.3630.8 243630 243 24. 308 30. 24.36-30.8 19.2 (19. 212 15.2124.1 152124 152 15. 241 15.21-24.1 0. 24.3630. 24363 24.36-30. 19. (19 15.2124. 15212 15.21-24. 24.3630 24.36-30 (1 15.2124 15.21-24 24.363 24.36-3 15.212 15.21-2 24.36- 15.21-

Resumo O objetivo é examinar sistematicamente as evidências científicas que associam fatores ambientais (meio ambiente, meio ambiente social, planejamento ambiental e distribuição espacial da população) com o excessivo ganho de peso gestacional. Trata-se de uma revisão sistemática e meta-análise realizada seguindo os passos recomendados pelo Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyzes. Os estudos de incluídos basearam-se nos seguintes critérios PECO: P-gestantes, E-fatores ambientais, O-ganho de peso gestacional. O procedimento de pesquisa foi conduzido nas bases de dados EMBASE, Web of Science, Cinahl, LILACS e MEDLINE (PubMed). A relação entre os fatores socioeconômicos da microrregião de residência e o ganho de peso gestacional foi evidenciada pela ligação entre a residência em bairros de alta pobreza e o ganho de peso gestacional inadequado. Este estudo revelou a maior prevalência de ganho de peso gestacional excessivo em gestantes que vivem em áreas urbanas. Fatores ambientais da área de residência das gestantes implicados no ganho de peso gestacional excessivo. As descobertas desse estudo podem, portanto, contribuir para o desenvolvimento de políticas públicas para evitar o ganho de peso gestacional inadequado.

Abstract The aim is, systematically examine the scientific evidences that associated environmental factors (environment, social environment, environmental planning and spatial population distribution) with the excessive gestational weight gain. A meta-analysis and systematic review carried out as per the Cochrane Handbook recommendations and following the steps recommended by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyzes. The inclusion studies were done with the following PECO criteria: P-pregnant women, E-environmental factors, O-weight gain. The search procedure was conducted on the databases EMBASE, Web of Science, Cinahl, LILACS and MEDLINE (PubMed). The relationship between the socioeconomic factors of the micro-region of residence and gestational weight gain was evidenced by the linkage between residing in high-poverty neighborhoods and inadequate gestational weight gain. This study revealed the higher prevalence of excessive gestational weight gain in pregnant women those lives in urban areas. Environmental factors of the pregnant women’s residence area implicated in the excessive gestational weight gain. Our findings can therefore contribute to the development of public policies to prevent inadequate gestational weight gain.

Resumo O objetivo é examinar sistematicamente as evidências científicas que associam fatores ambientais (meio ambiente, meio ambiente social, planejamento ambiental e distribuição espacial da população) com o excessivo ganho de peso gestacional. Trata-se de uma revisão sistemática e meta-análise realizada seguindo os passos recomendados pelo Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyzes. Os estudos de incluídos basearam-se nos seguintes critérios PECO: P-gestantes, E-fatores ambientais, O-ganho de peso gestacional. O procedimento de pesquisa foi conduzido nas bases de dados EMBASE, Web of Science, Cinahl, LILACS e MEDLINE (PubMed). A relação entre os fatores socioeconômicos da microrregião de residência e o ganho de peso gestacional foi evidenciada pela ligação entre a residência em bairros de alta pobreza e o ganho de peso gestacional inadequado. Este estudo revelou a maior prevalência de ganho de peso gestacional excessivo em gestantes que vivem em áreas urbanas. Fatores ambientais da área de residência das gestantes implicados no ganho de peso gestacional excessivo. As descobertas desse estudo podem, portanto, contribuir para o desenvolvimento de políticas públicas para evitar o ganho de peso gestacional inadequado.

Abstract The aim is, systematically examine the scientific evidences that associated environmental factors (environment, social environment, environmental planning and spatial population distribution) with the excessive gestational weight gain. A meta-analysis and systematic review carried out as per the Cochrane Handbook recommendations and following the steps recommended by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyzes. The inclusion studies were done with the following PECO criteria: P-pregnant women, E-environmental factors, O-weight gain. The search procedure was conducted on the databases EMBASE, Web of Science, Cinahl, LILACS and MEDLINE (PubMed). The relationship between the socioeconomic factors of the micro-region of residence and gestational weight gain was evidenced by the linkage between residing in high-poverty neighborhoods and inadequate gestational weight gain. This study revealed the higher prevalence of excessive gestational weight gain in pregnant women those lives in urban areas. Environmental factors of the pregnant women’s residence area implicated in the excessive gestational weight gain. Our findings can therefore contribute to the development of public policies to prevent inadequate gestational weight gain.

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Social distancing has led to lifestyle changes among older adults during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to estimate the prevalence risk of sarcopenia (RS) and investigate its associated factors during the COVID-19 pandemic in older Brazilian adults. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional observational analysis of baseline data as part of the Remobilize Study. METHODS: Participants in the study were older adults (≥ 60 years), excluding those who were bedridden or institutionalized. The data collected consisted of answers about the RS (SARC-F), functional status, walking, sedentary behavior (SB), pain, comorbidity, and life space mobility. RESULTS: A total of 1,482 older adults (70 ± 8.14 years, 74% women) participated in the study, and an RS prevalence of 17.1% was found. (95% confidence interval [CI] 15.25–19.15%). The adjusted multivariate model showed a significant association between RS and functional limitation (odds ratio [OR]: 19.05; CI 13.00–28.32), comorbidity (OR: 5.11; CI 3.44–7.81), pain (OR: 4.56; CI 3.33–6.28), total walking (OR: 0.99; CI 0.99–1.00), SB of 8–10 hours (OR: 1.85; CI 1.15–2.93), and SB of > 10 hours (OR: 3.93; CI 2.48–6.22). RS was associated with mobility during the pandemic (OR: 0.97; CI 0.96–0.98). P < 0.05. CONCLUSIONS: During the pandemic, the prevalence of RS in older Brazilians was estimated at 17.1%. Moderate to severe functional limitation, comorbidities, presence of pain, walking, longer SB period, and reduced life space mobility significantly contributed to RS in older adults during the pandemic. BACKGROUND 201 COVID19 COVID 19 (COVID-19 OBJECTIVES (RS COVID-1 SETTING Crosssectional Cross sectional Study METHODS ≥ ( 6 years , years) institutionalized SARCF, SARCF SARC F (SARC-F) status SB, (SB) RESULTS 1482 1 482 1,48 70 (7 814 8 14 8.1 74 women 171 17 17.1 found 95% 95 (95 [CI 15.25–19.15%. 15251915 15.25–19.15% . 15 25 15.25–19.15%) odds OR [OR] 19.05 1905 05 13.00–28.32, 13002832 13.00–28.32 13 00 28 32 13.00–28.32) (OR 5.11 511 5 11 3.44–7.81, 344781 3.44–7.81 3 44 7 81 3.44–7.81) 4.56 456 4 56 3.33–6.28, 333628 3.33–6.28 33 3.33–6.28) 0.99 099 0 99 0.99–1.00, 099100 0.99–1.00 0.99–1.00) 810 8–1 1.85 185 85 1.15–2.93, 115293 1.15–2.93 2 93 1.15–2.93) 3.93 393 2.48–6.22. 248622 2.48–6.22 48 22 2.48–6.22) 0.97 097 97 0.96–0.98. 096098 0.96–0.98 96 98 0.96–0.98) 005 0.05 CONCLUSIONS comorbidities period 20 COVID1 (COVID-1 COVID- (SARC-F (SB 148 1,4 8. 17. 9 (9 1525191 15.25–19.15 [OR 19.0 190 1300283 13.00–28.3 5.1 51 34478 3.44–7.8 4.5 45 33362 3.33–6.2 0.9 09 09910 0.99–1.0 8– 1.8 18 11529 1.15–2.9 3.9 39 24862 2.48–6.2 09609 0.96–0.9 0.0 (COVID- 1, 152519 15.25–19.1 19. 130028 13.00–28. 5. 3447 3.44–7. 4. 3336 3.33–6. 0. 0991 0.99–1. 1. 1152 1.15–2. 3. 2486 2.48–6. 0960 0.96–0. (COVID 15251 15.25–19. 13002 13.00–28 344 3.44–7 333 3.33–6 0.99–1 115 1.15–2 248 2.48–6 096 0.96–0 1525 15.25–19 1300 13.00–2 34 3.44– 3.33– 0.99– 1.15– 24 2.48– 0.96– 152 15.25–1 130 13.00– 3.44 3.33 1.15 2.48 0.96 15.25– 13.00 3.4 3.3 1.1 2.4 15.25 13.0 2. 15.2 13. 15.

Abstract Considering the relevance of establishing biodiversity conservation tools, the study aimed to investigate the TCM199 supplemented with different follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) concentrations on survival and development of fresh and vitrified preantral follicles enclosed in red-rumped agouti ovarian tissues cultured in vitro. In the first experiment, six pairs of ovaries were fragmented and cultured for 6 days according to groups: 10 ng/mL pFSH (FSH10 group) and 50 ng/mL (FSH50 group). Non-cultured tissues were considered as a control. In the second experiment, vitrified/warmed fragments of four pairs of ovaries were cultured with the best concentration of FSH established (cryopreserved and cultured group). Non-cryopreserved (fresh control group) and cryopreserved but non-cultured (non-cultured group) tissues were used as controls. For both experiments, preantral follicles were evaluated for survival and development using morphological and viability analysis by trypan blue staining. After culturing fresh samples, FSH50 showed a higher percentage of morphologically normal follicles when compared to FSH10 (P < 0.05). This same response was observed for primordial follicles. Regardless of the concentrations of FSH used during in vitro culture, no difference was observed regarding the percentage of viable follicles and diameters (P > 0.05). Thus, the FSH50 group was used for second experiment, in which 76.2 ± 7.2% normal preantral follicles previously vitrified was found after 6-day culture, also presenting the highest values (P < 0.05) for morphology of primordial follicles (95.2 ± 4.7%). Nevertheless, in vitro culture did not affect the viability and diameter of preantral follicles of cryopreserved tissues (P > 0.05). In conclusion, TCM199 supplemented with 50 ng/mL FSH was efficient in maintaining the in vitro survival of fresh and vitrified red-rumped agouti preantral follicles. This was the first study related to the in vitro culture of ovarian preantral follicles in this species, aiming to contribute to its conservation. tools TCM TCM19 folliclestimulating follicle stimulating (FSH redrumped red rumped experiment groups 1 ngmL ng mL (FSH1 5 (FSH5 group. . Noncultured Non vitrifiedwarmed warmed Noncryopreserved noncultured non controls experiments staining samples FSH5 FSH1 P 0.05. 005 0.05 0 05 Thus 762 76 2 76. 72 7 7.2 6day day 95.2 952 95 (95. 4.7%. 47 4.7% 4 4.7%) Nevertheless conclusion species TCM1 00 0.0 7. 95. 9 (95 4.7 0. (9 4. (

ABSTRACT The constant monitoring of water quality is fundamental for the understanding of the aquatic environment, yet it demands great financial investments and is susceptible to inconsistencies and missing values. Using a database composed of 59 sampling campaigns, performed for 12 years, on 10 monitoring stations along the Iguassu River Basin (Southern Brazil), this study presents a model, based on feed-forward neural networks, which imputed 1,370 values for 11 traditional water quality parameters, as well as 3 contaminants of emerging concern (caffeine, estradiol and ethinylestradiol). The model validation errors varied from 0.978 mg L-1 and 0.017 mg L-1 for the traditional parameters, for caffeine the validation error was of 0.212 µg L-1 and for the hormones, the errors were of 0.04 µg L-1 (E1) and 0.044 µg L-1 (EE1). The models underwent two techniques to understand the operations performed within the model (isolation and nullification), which were consistent to those explained by natural processes. The results point to the validity of modeling water quality parameters (especially the concentrations of caffeine) through neural networks, which could lead to better resource allocation in environmental monitoring, as well as improving available datasets and valuing previous monitoring efforts. environment 5 campaigns 1 years Southern Brazil, Brazil , Brazil) feedforward feed forward networks 1370 370 1,37 caffeine, (caffeine ethinylestradiol. ethinylestradiol . ethinylestradiol) 0978 0 978 0.97 L1 L L- 0017 017 0.01 0212 212 0.21 hormones 004 04 0.0 E1 E (E1 0044 044 EE1. EE1 EE (EE1) isolation nullification, nullification nullification) processes especially efforts 137 37 1,3 097 97 0.9 001 01 021 21 0.2 00 0. (E (EE1 13 1, 09 9 02 2 (EE

RESUMO O monitoramento constante da qualidade da água é fundamental para o entendimento dos ambientes aquáticos, mas este esforço demanda grandes investimentos financeiros, além de estar suscetível a inconsistências e falhas na obtenção dos valores. Usando uma base de dados composta por 59 campanhas amostrais, realizadas durante um período de 12 anos, em 10 estações de monitoramento ao longo da bacia do rio Iguaçú, este trabalho apresentou um modelo baseado em redes neurais artificiais que preencheu 1.370 valores para onze parâmetros tradicionais de qualidade da água. Os erros de validação do modelo variaram de 0,978 mg L-1 a 0,017 mg L-1 para os parâmetros tradicionais, enquanto para a cafeína, este erro foi de 0,212 µg L-1 e para os hormônios de 0,04 µg L-1 (E1) e 0,044 µg L-1 (EE1). Duas técnicas (isolamento e anulação) foram aplicadas nos modelos para se entender o relacionamento treinado pelo modelo entre as variáveis de entrada e saída. Os resultados apontam para a viabilidade da aplicação de redes neurais para a modelagem de parâmetros de qualidade da água (em especial, a cafeína), o que poderia levar a uma melhor alocação de recursos no monitoramento ambiental, além de expandir os bancos de dados disponíveis e valorizar os esforços despendidos para este monitoramento. aquáticos financeiros 5 amostrais 1 anos Iguaçú 1370 370 1.37 0978 0 978 0,97 L1 L L- 0017 017 0,01 cafeína 0212 212 0,21 004 04 0,0 E1 E (E1 0044 044 EE1. EE1 EE . (EE1) isolamento anulação saída especial , cafeína) ambiental 137 37 1.3 097 97 0,9 001 01 021 21 0,2 00 0, (E (EE1 13 3 1. 09 9 02 2 (EE