RESUMO Trabalho e atividade podem ser importantes fontes de enriquecimento cognitivo. Atividades que são mais desafiadoras quanto às funções cognitivas postas em prática se associam a menor risco de declínio cognitivo em idade avançada. Objetivo: O objetivo do presente estudo é avaliar o impacto da complexidade ocupacional e das tarefas domésticas em três domínio cognitivos (memória episódica verbal, linguagem e funções executivas) em idosos residentes na comunidade. Métodos: Foi realizada uma análise de trilha com o uso de procedimento de equações estruturais em 120 participantes, avaliados por meio de: questionário das principais atividades ocupacionais e tarefas domésticas da vida, bem como bateria de avaliação neuropsicológica para memória, linguagem e funções executivas. Resultados: A análise dos pesos de regressou mostrou que a complexidade nas tarefas domésticas apresenta efeitos moderados nas funções executivas (β=0,19; p=0,027) e que a complexidade ocupacional do trabalho remunerado teve efeitos sobre a memória (β=0,26; p=0,008), linguagem (β=0,38; p<0,001) e funções executivas (β=0,55; p<0,001). Conclusão: O trabalho remunerado promove a reserva cognitiva, em contraste com as atividades domésticas, que parecem ter impacto moderado na cognição. As diferenças na complexidade das atividades não apenas impactam o status econômico e social e as possibilidades das pessoas, mas também podem determinar diferentes cursos de envelhecimento e risco cognitivo. avançada Objetivo verbal comunidade Métodos 12 participantes vida Resultados β=0,19 β019 β 0 19 (β=0,19 p=0,027 p0027 p 027 β=0,26 β026 26 (β=0,26 p=0,008, p0008 p=0,008 , 008 p=0,008) β=0,38 β038 38 (β=0,38 p<0,001 p0001 001 β=0,55 β055 55 (β=0,55 p<0,001. . Conclusão cognitiva cognição pessoas 1 β=0,1 β01 (β=0,1 p=0,02 p002 02 β=0,2 β02 2 (β=0,2 p000 p=0,00 00 β=0,3 β03 3 (β=0,3 p<0,00 β=0,5 β05 5 (β=0,5 β=0, β0 (β=0, p=0,0 p00 p<0,0 β=0 (β=0 p=0, p0 p<0, β= (β= p=0 p<0 (β p= p<

ABSTRACT Work and activity could be an important source of cognitive enrichment. Activities that are more challenging concerning the cognitive functions that are put into practice are associated with lower risk of cognitive decline in old age. Objective: The present study aimed to assess the impact of occupational complexity and household tasks in three cognitive domains (verbal episodic memory, language, and executive functions) in older adults residing within the community. Methods: A trail analysis was executed, using the structural equations procedure in 120 participants assessed with main lifetime occupational activity and household tasks questionnaire, as well as a neuropsychological assessment battery for memory, language, and executive functions. Results: The regression weights analysis indicated that complexity in household chores showed moderate effects on executive functions (β=0.19; p=0.027) and that occupational complexity of paid work showed effects on memory (β=0.26; p=0.008), language (β=0.38; p<0.001), and executive functions (β=0.55; p<0.001). Conclusion: Paid work promotes cognitive reserve, contrary to household activities which seem to have a moderate impact on cognition. Differences in activity complexity not only impact people´s economic and social status and possibilities but can also determine different courses of aging and cognitive risk. enrichment age Objective verbal community Methods executed 12 questionnaire Results β=0.19 β019 β 0 19 (β=0.19 p=0.027 p0027 p 027 β=0.26 β026 26 (β=0.26 p=0.008, p0008 p=0.008 , 008 p=0.008) β=0.38 β038 38 (β=0.38 p<0.001, p0001 p<0.001 001 p<0.001) β=0.55 β055 55 (β=0.55 p<0.001. . Conclusion reserve cognition peoples people s 1 β=0.1 β01 (β=0.1 p=0.02 p002 02 β=0.2 β02 2 (β=0.2 p000 p=0.00 00 β=0.3 β03 3 (β=0.3 p<0.00 β=0.5 β05 5 (β=0.5 β=0. β0 (β=0. p=0.0 p00 p<0.0 β=0 (β=0 p=0. p0 p<0. β= (β= p=0 p<0 (β p= p<

Resumen: Desde una perspectiva sociocultural, caracterizamos prácticas de escritura, lectura y entornos de realización de primeras publicaciones de autoras(es) noveles, con al menos una publicación. Realizamos entrevistas semiestructuradas a 11 investigadoras(es) recientemente doctorados de diferentes instituciones. Analizamos y describimos las prácticas letradas orientadas a publicar, el apoyo de mentoras(es) y los géneros de publicación, interpretándolos como parte de la experiencia autoral y disciplinar, a través de una trayectoria académica, antes y después del doctorado. Estas autoras(es) siguieron distintas vías para desarrollar su escritura disciplinar y aprender a publicar. Considerando el número de sus publicaciones y las formas de autoría reportadas, describimos tres momentos de su desarrollo autoral: principiantes, aprendices y practicantes. Mostramos que la mayoría sostiene colaboraciones y trabaja en coautoría.

Abstract: From a sociocultural perspective, we characterize the writing, reading practices, and early publishing environments of new authors, with at least one publication. We carried out semi-structured interviews with eleven researchers who had recently received doctoral degrees from various institutions. Subsequently, we analyzed and described literacy practices aimed at publishing, the support of mentors, and publication genres, interpreting them as part of the authors' disciplinary experience during their academic trajectory, before and after receiving their doctoral degree. The authors under study followed different paths for developing their disciplinary writing and learning to publish. Considering the number of their publications and the reported forms of authorship, we describe three moments in their development as authors: beginners, apprentices, and practitioners. We show that most of them produce co-authored collaborations and work.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Evidence indicates that the splenic artery presents a common pattern taking into account: origin, route and termination, however, sometimes anatomical variants of elementary importance for surgical specialties may appear. Objective: To describe the common pattern and the anatomical variants of the splenic arterial system in the adult man. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study with a universe made up of all the anatomical blocks existing in the department was carried out, whose noon-probabilistic sample at the authors discretion was made up of 25 anatomical blocks. The information was collected in a form containing the variables under study. The common pattern and the anatomical variants of the splenic artery were characterized considering the origin, route, collateral branches and terminal branches. The length and external diameter at the origin and termination of the splenic artery were determined. The anatomical pieces were acquired by agreement complying with the established ethical aspects. For the collection of information, a form containing the variables under study and the results processed in Excel using the statistical software SPSS 25.0 was prepared. Results: In most of the anatomical pieces, the common pattern of the splenic artery prevailed, corresponding to 88% and only variants of the norm were observed in 3 blocks, representing 12 %. The winding path predominated in 22 pieces, while in 2 pieces presented a serpentine path was observed and in 1 piece rectilinear one. The maximum length found of the splenic artery was 205 mm while the minimum length was 102 mm. Conclusions : The common pattern prevailed according to origin, route and termination of the splenic artery prevailed over the anatomical variants.

RESUMEN Introducción: Evidencias indican que la arteria esplénica presenta un patrón común al tener en cuenta: origen, trayecto y terminación; sin embargo, en ocasiones pueden aparecer variantes anatómicas de importancia elemental para las especialidades quirúrgicas. Objetivo: Describir el patrón común y las variantes anatómicas del sistema arterial esplénico en el hombre adulto. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, transversal con un universo conformado por todos los bloques anatómicos existentes en el departamento, cuya muestra no probabilística a criterio de los autores quedó constituida por 25 bloques anatómicos. La información fue recogida en un formulario contentivo de las variables objeto de estudio. Se caracterizó el patrón común y las variantes anatómicas de la arteria esplénica considerando el origen, trayecto, ramas colaterales y ramas terminales. Se determinó la longitud y el diámetro externo en el origen y terminación de la arteria esplénica. Las piezas anatómicas fueron adquiridas mediante convenio cumpliendo los aspectos éticos establecidos. Para la recolección de la información se confeccionó un formulario contentivo de las variables que fueron objeto de estudio y los resultados procesados en Excel mediante el software estadístico SPSS 25.0. Resultados: En la mayoría de las piezas anatómicas predominó el patrón común de la arteria esplénica correspondiente al 88 % y solo se observaron variantes de la norma en tres bloques representando el 12 %. Prevaleció el trayecto sinuoso en 22 piezas, mientras que en dos se observó el serpenteado y en una pieza el rectilíneo. La longitud máxima encontrada de la arteria esplénica fue de 205 mm mientras que la longitud mínima de 102 mm. Conclusiones: Se observó el patrón común según origen, trayecto y terminación de la arteria esplénica sobre las variantes anatómicas.

ABSTARCT The current development of science and technology constitutes a challenge for medical universities, as training centers in order to guarantee a graduate capable of managing the necessary knowledge to fulfill their social mission. An adequate ability to search for information is required, which allows for proper knowledge management and better teaching results; but the teaching staff must plan strategic actions with a view to achieving the formation of this research skill. Actions are suggested to work on the formation of the aforementioned skill, based on workshops that address the essentials for its operationalization through the contents that are taught; and tax the execution of student research. The search for information not only provides tools for the development of research, but also constitutes an instrument to promote logical thinking skills, with a high impact when the student, independently, faces larger tasks, for which it is suggested develop a system of workshops for teacher preparation.

RESUMEN El actual desarrollo de la ciencia y la técnica constituye un reto para las universidades médicas, como centros de formación en pos de garantizar un egresado capaz de gestionar el conocimiento necesario para cumplimentar su encargo social. Se precisa de una adecuada habilidad para la búsqueda de la información, la cual permita una apropiada gestión del conocimiento y mejores resultados docentes; pero el claustro profesoral debe planificar acciones estratégicas con vistas a alcanzar la formación de esta habilidad de investigación. Se sugieren acciones para trabajar en la formación de la habilidad antes mencionada, sobre la base de talleres que aborden las esencialidades para su operacionalización a través de contenidos que se imparten; y tributen a la ejecución de investigaciones estudiantiles. La búsqueda de información no solo brinda herramientas para el desarrollo de las investigaciones, sino también constituye un instrumento para fomentar las habilidades lógicas del pensamiento, con elevado impacto cuando el estudiante, de forma independiente, enfrenta tareas de mayor envergadura, por lo que se sugiere desarrollar un sistema de talleres para la preparación profesoral.

RESUMO. A versão de 12 itens do Teste de Nomeação de Boston (TNB) foi adaptada para a Argentina para a detecção de demência por doença de Alzheimer (DA), com escores semelhantes à versão original de 60 itens (sensibilidade e especificidade de 85 e 94%, respectivamente) sem influência demográfica (idade e escolaridade). Até o momento, não foram relatadas publicações sobre o uso do TNB abreviado em outras patologias degenerativas com comprometimento da linguagem. Objetivo: avaliar a utilidade do TNB de 12 itens na afasia progressiva primária (APP), na variante comportamental da demência frontotemporal (DFT) e na doença de Alzheimer (DA). Métodos: 47 prováveis DA (NIA-AA 2011) — CDR 0,5–1, 55 DFT, 17 APP e 46 controles foram avaliados e pareados por idade e escolaridade. Critérios de exclusão: alcoolismo, outras doenças neurológicas ou psiquiátricas prévias e escolaridade <4 anos. Todos foram avaliados com uma bateria neuropsicológica completa e versão de 12 itens do TNB. Resultados: medianas das pontuações de 12 itens TNB: APP: 3,87 (DP=2,99), DA: 6,13 (DP=3,03); DFT: 8,41 (DP=2,53) e Controles: 10,22 (DP=1,82). As curvas ROC foram traçadas. Conclusões: O TNB de 12 itens pode ser útil, simples e rápido para identificar e diferenciar APP, DFT e DA nos controles, mantendo a capacidade discriminativa da versão original.

ABSTRACT. The 12-item version of the Boston Naming Test (BNT) was adapted to Argentina for the detection of dementia due to Alzheimer's disease (AD), with scores similar to the original 60-item version (sensitivity and specificity of 85 and 94%, respectively) without demographic influence (age and educational level). To date, no publications on the use of abbreviated BNT in other degenerative pathologies with language impairment have been reported. Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of 12-item BNT in primary progressive aphasia (PPA), the behavioral variant of frontotemporal dementia (FTDbv), and AD. Methods: Notably, 47 patients with probable AD (NIA-AA 2011) — clinical dementia rating (CDR) 0.5–1, 55 with FTDbv, 17 with PPA, and 46 controls were evaluated and matched for age and education. Exclusion criteria were as follows: alcoholism, other previous neurological or psychiatric illnesses, and education <4 years. All were assessed with a full neuropsychological battery and a 12-item version of BNT. Results: Median scores of 12-item BNT were as follows: PPA: 3.87 (SD=2.99), AD: 6.13 (SD=3.03); FTDbv: 8.41 (SD=2.53); and controls: 10.22 (SD=1.82). Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves were plotted. Conclusions: The 12-item version of BNT can be useful, simple, and fast to identify and differentiate PPA, FTDbv, and AD from controls while retaining the discriminative ability of the original version.

Abstract This research evaluated the color fastness of natural dyes extracted from native plants and animals in the province of Azuay, southern Ecuador, on knitted fabrics made from wool and alpaca yarns. Native plants dye was made from: Lomatia hirsute (garau), Baccharis latifolia (chilca), Junglas neotrópica (nogal) Brachyotum confertum (killuyuyo) while an animal-based dye was also extracted from Dactilopius coccus (cochinilla). Traditional ancestral methods of dyeing the yarn were used. Samples of knitted fabric were prepared to perform the tests of color fastness with artificial light, manual washing with neutral and alkaline soap, and a wet and dry rub test. The evaluation of the color loss of the fabrics was made by means of a colorimeter, the color was measured before and after the tests and the total color difference (ΔE) was calculated. A greater color variation was found in the washing treatment of the samples with alkaline soap (highest value = 32) and a minimum color difference in the other tests (mean = 1.4). In correlation with the grayscale, these results suggest an ideal rating. Which demonstrates that the color of the fabrics when using garau, chilca, nogal, killuyuyo and cochinilla is stable to most of factors tested. These results are important because they serve as a baseline for the application of further processes to obtain greater color resistance in clothing made with yarn dyed with biocolorants.

Resumen Esta investigación consistió en evaluar la solidez del color de tejidos de lana y alpaca tinturados con colorantes extraídos de plantas nativas de la provincia del Azuay en el sur ecuatoriano. Las plantas tintóreas que se utilizaron fueron: Lomatia hirsuta (garau), Baccharis latifolia (chilca), Juglans neotropica (nogal), Brachyotum confertum (killuyuyo) y además se empleó el colorante de origen animal Dactilopius coccus (cochinilla). Se utilizó la metodología ancestral para el teñido de los hilos, con los que se prepararon muestras de tejido de punto que sirvieron para realizar las pruebas de solidez del color a la luz artificial, lavado manual con jabón neutro y alcalino, y la prueba de frote en húmedo y en seco. La evaluación de la pérdida de color de los tejidos se realizó mediante un colorímetro, se midió el color antes y después de las pruebas y se calculó la diferencia total de color (ΔE). Se encontró una mayor variación del color en el tratamiento de lavado de las muestras con jabón alcalino (el valor más alto fue 32) y en el resto de las pruebas se observó una mínima diferencia de color (1,4 en promedio). Haciendo la relación con la escala de grises los resultados corresponden a la calificación de satisfactorio para la mayor parte de muestras, por lo que se demostró que el color de los tejidos al utilizar garau, chilca, nogal, killuyuyo y cochinilla, es estable a la mayoría de los factores ensayados. Estos resultados son importantes porque sirven de base para la aplicación de algunos procesos para obtener una mayor resistencia del color en indumentaria elaborada con hilos teñidos con biocolorantes.

ABSTRACT The disease caused by the coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), which causes COVID-19, has generated a movement towards a review of the entire approach of medical sciences and to delve into all the mechanisms inherent to the immune response associated with this disease. The necessary clinical epidemiological thinking declared in the study plan of the Medicine career is evidenced; research training from the early years. The subject Blood-Immune System includes in its content a large number of health problems due to imbalance in the immune response, which constitutes a clear justification for resizing the scientific training process. The objective of this work is to assess the significance of the subject for the interpretation of the deviations of the immune response and to make suggestions to enhance the research work in it.

RESUMEN La enfermedad provocada por el coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), causante de la COVID-19, ha generado un movimiento hacia una revisión de todo el enfoque de las ciencias médicas y a profundizar en todos los mecanismos inherentes a la respuesta inmune asociados a esta enfermedad. Se pone en evidencia el necesario pensamiento clínico epidemiológico declarado en el plan de estudio de la carrera de Medicina; la formación investigativa desde los primeros años. La asignatura Sangre-Sistema Inmune incluye en su contenido un gran número de problemas de salud por desequilibrio en la respuesta inmune, lo que constituye una clara justificación para redimensionar el proceso de formación científica. El objetivo de este trabajo es valorar la significación de la asignatura para la interpretación de las desviaciones de la respuesta inmune y emitir sugerencias para potenciar el trabajo investigativo en ella.

Abstract Objective: To describe the mental health state of Ecuadorian adults during the COVID-19 pandemic from March to August 2020. Data from a larger study involving several Spanish-speaking countries were analyzed. This research was non-experimental, quantitative, and cross-sectional, conducted through an anonymous online survey used as the collection tool. Results: A total of 766 people participated, 64.23% were women and the mean age was 32.35 (SD = 12.54). Around 8% of the participants declared having presented a diagnosis of COVID-19, and 12.9% having experienced associated symptoms. Most participants (77.4%) indicated not having had mental health problems in the past, and 87.6% did not have these problems during the pandemic. However, 41% acknowledged having experienced greater psychological distress. Participants presented low levels of symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress. Women and young adults were the most affected groups by the assessed symptoms. Conclusions: In pandemic and confinement situations, providing mental health care services for the general population is essential, especially for women and young adults.

Resumen Objetivo: Describir el estado de la salud mental de los adultos ecuatorianos durante la pandemia por COVID-19 de marzo a agosto de 2020. Para este fin, se analizaron los datos de un estudio más amplio que involucró varios países hispanohablantes. La investigación tuvo un diseño no experimental, cuantitativo, transversal de tipo descriptivo donde se aplicó una encuesta anónima en línea. Resultados: En total participaron 766 personas, 64.23% fueron mujeres y la edad media fue de 32.35 (DT = 12.54). Alrededor del 8% de los participantes declararon haber tenido diagnóstico de COVID-19 y un 12.9% haber experimentado síntomas relacionados. La mayor parte de los participantes (77.4%) indicaron no haber tenido problemas de salud mental en el pasado y el 87.6% no tener estos problemas durante la pandemia. Sin embargo, el 41% reconoció tener mayor malestar psicológico. Los participantes presentaron niveles bajos de síntomas (depresión, ansiedad y estrés). Las mujeres y los adultos jóvenes fueron los grupos más afectados por los síntomas evaluados. Conclusiones: En situaciones de confinamiento y pandemia es necesaria la atención de la salud mental de la población general y, en especial, la de las mujeres y los adultos jóvenes.

Abstract: Urban projects take into account different aspects of a city, which involve multiple actors and disciplines with different objectives. The purpose of the paper is to identify and characterize a multi-criteria method that allows the improvement of the decision-making process in urban projects, such as the location of intermodal transfer stations in the Colima-Villa de Alvarez conurbation. The results show the AHP as the optimal method, since it offers the necessary characteristics to be able to evaluate, analyze and solve the variables the project needs.

Resumen: Los proyectos urbanos toman en cuenta diferentes aspectos de una ciudad e involucran múltiples actores y disciplinas con diferentes objetivos. El propósito de esta investigación es identificar y caracterizar un método multicriterio que permita el mejoramiento del proceso de toma de decisiones respecto a proyectos urbanos, tal como la localización de estaciones de transferencia intermodal en la conurbación Colima-Villa de Álvarez. Los resultados muestran al Proceso Analítico Jerárquico (AHP) como método óptimo, ya que ofrece las características necesarias para poder evaluar, analizar y dar solución a las variables que requieren ser resueltas.

Abstract The objective of the research is to identify the zoning of the highest production of Banana, Coffee and Cacao and its economic impact in Ecuador, period 2013-2016. The zonal planning is a management model with development proposals for the different sectors, mainly productive due to the binding effect, allowing the decentralization of functions and the specialization of areas of influence for the respective territorial strengthening. The data were obtained from the Central Bank of Ecuador proposing the study with a quantitative and descriptive approach, the values were statistically processed, obtaining the main results when determining that zone 5 comprised of Santa Elena, Guayas, Bolívar, Los Ríos and Galápagos are the of greater production followed by zone 7 with a lower percentage, representing being the second largest item in the national economy, therefore, the main conclusions determine an economy dependent on the agricultural sector due to the economic contribution provided in the levels of production and exports in the Gross Domestic Product through the consolidation of economic and public policies for the Ecuadorian zones.

Resumen El objetivo de la investigación consiste en identificar la zonificación de mayor producción de Banano, Café y Cacao y su impacto económico en el Ecuador, período 2013-2016. La planificación zonal es un modelo de gestión con propuestas de desarrollo para los diferentes sectores, principalmente el productivo por el efecto vinculante, permitiendo la descentralización de funciones y la especialización de áreas de influencia para el respectivo fortalecimiento territorial. Los datos fueron obtenidos del Banco Central del Ecuador planteando el estudio con un enfoque cuantitativo y descriptivo, los valores fueron procesados estadísticamente, obteniendo como principales resultados que la zona 5 comprendido por Santa Elena, Guayas, Bolívar, Los Ríos y Galápagos son las de mayor producción seguido de la zona 7 con menor porcentaje, representando ser el segundo rubro de la economía nacional, por lo tanto, las principales conclusiones determinan a una economía dependiente del sector agropecuario por el aporte económico brindado en los niveles de producción y exportaciones en el Producto Interno Bruto mediante la consolidación de políticas económicas y públicas para las zonas ecuatorianas.

Abstract:Xenobalanus globicipitis is a commensal barnacle located on cetacean fin edges. The commensal-host interaction between Xenobalanus globicipitis and the bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) has been poorly studied in Mexico. The main objective was to estimate the relative barnacle prevalence and abundance in bottlenose dolphins in three areas and seasons of the Gulf of Mexico. Tamiahua zone showed the higher prevalence (42.4%) and relative abundance (0.60 barnacles/individual/hr-1) compared to Tuxpan and Nautla zones. Whereas, in dry season there were higher prevalence (55.6%) and relative abundance (0.53 barnacles/individual/hr-1) than rainy and winter storm seasons. Therefore, zones and seasons of the Gulf of Mexico influence the barnacle-dolphin interactions.

Resumen Introducción: En el estudio del comportamiento organizacional se destaca con más frecuencia la importancia del proceso de socialización organizacional, relacionado con la adaptación al trabajo y el desarrollo de las competencias para el rol laboral; así como un interés creciente por los estados positivos en el trabajo como el work engagement (caracterizado por el vigor, dedicación y absorción) y que puede evidenciar la identificación del trabajador con la cultura de la organización. Objetivo: Examinar el efecto de los dominios de la socialización organizacional sobre el work engagement que reportan tener los trabajadores mexicanos de la muestra. Método: Estudio transversal-correlacional analítico, mediante análisis de regresión con los datos del Inventario de Socialización Organizacional de Taormina (1994), y el Utrecht Work Engagement Scale, en su versión al español por Schaufeli, Bakker y Salanova (2006), en 187 trabajadores mexicanos. Resultados: Los análisis de regresión mostraron que la combinación de la comprensión funcional y las perspectivas de futuro se combinan para la aparición del vigor (Beta .29, .21), la absorción (Beta .23, .23) y la dedicación al trabajo (Beta .34, .25) en los trabajadores de la muestra. Se encontró que los cuatro factores de la socialización organizacional correlacionan con el vigor (.35), la absorción (.34) y la dedicación (.47). Conclusiones: En los trabajadores de la muestra la comprensión y las perspectivas de beneficios, generan efectos en el vigor, la absorción y la dedicación al trabajo. Se señala la importancia de la socialización en la aparición de engagement como antecedente y componente de la productividad y el bienestar en el trabajo.

Abstract Introduction: not only the importance of the process of organizational socialization related to work adaptability and the development of competencies for the job role, has recently been highlighted more frequently in organizational behavior studies, but also a growing interest in positive states of work such as work engagement (characterized by vigor, dedication and absorption) and which can demonstrate the identification of the worker with the culture of the organization. Objective: to examine the effect of the domains of organizational socialization on the work engagement reported by the Mexican workers in the sample. Method: A transversal-correlational analytical study through a regression analysis with the data of the Inventory of Organizational Socialization of Taormina (1994), and the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale, in its Spanish version by Wilmar Schaufeli, Arnold Bakker and Salanova (2006), in 187 Mexican workers, was conducted. Results: Regression analysis showed that the combination of understanding and future prospects were integrated for the display of vigor (Beta .29, .21), absorption (Beta .23, .23) and dedication to work (Beta .34, .25) in the sample workers. It was found that the four factors of organizational socialization correlate with vigor (.35), absorption (.34) and dedication (.47).dedication. Conclusions: In the workers of the sample the understanding and the perspectives of benefits, generate effects in the vigor, the absorption and the dedication to the work. The importance of socialization in the appearance of engagement as a psychological state related to productivity and well-being at work is pointed out.

RESUMO. O MoCA é um teste breve e útil para diagnosticar comprometimento cognitivo leve (CCL) e demência leve. Até o momento, nenhuma validação argentina com adaptação transcultural da versão em espanhol havia sido relatada. Objetivo: Validar o MoCA em idosos e estudar sua utilidade no CCL e demência leve. Métodos: Este estudo incluiu 399 indivíduos acima de 60 anos avaliados no departamento cognitivo-comportamental (2017-2018). Foram excluídos pacientes com menos de 3 anos de escolaridade, com distúrbios sensoriais, distúrbios psiquiátricos e demência moderada a grave. O grupo controle foi cognitivamente normal. Eles foram classificados de acordo com a avaliação neuropsicológica e os critérios clínicos padrão em Controles, MCI e demência leve. A versão adaptada do MoCA (MOCA-A) foi administrado aos pacientes e controles. Resultados: Média de escolaridade: 10,34 anos (DP: 3,5). O escore MoCA-A foi significativamente diferente entre os grupos (p<0,0001). O MoCA-A correlacionou-se com a escolaridade (r=0,406 p<0,00001). Com uma pontuação de corte ≥25 (IY=0,55), a sensibilidade para CCL foi de 84,8% e para demência leve 100%, com especificidade de 69,7%. Adicionando um ponto único à pontuação em pacientes com menos de 12 anos de escolaridade, a especificidade do teste atingiu 81%. Conclusão: O MoCA-A é um teste de rastreamento preciso e confiável para MCI e demência leve na Argentina.

ABSTRACT. The MoCA is a brief useful test to diagnose mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and mild dementia (MD). To date, no Argentine cross-cultural adapted validations of the Spanish version have been reported. Objective: To validate the MoCA in the elderly and study its usefulness in MCI and MD. Methods: This study included 399 individuals over 60 years old evaluated in the Cognitive-Behavioral Department (2017-2018). Patients with<3 years of education, sensory disturbances, psychiatric disorders, or moderate-severe dementia were excluded. The control group comprised cognitively normal subjects. Participants were classified according to neuropsychological assessment and clinical standard criteria into Control, MCI or MD groups. A locally adapted MoCA (MOCA-A) was administered to the patients and controls. Results: Mean educational level was 10.34 years (SD 3.5 years). MoCA-A score differed significantly among groups (p<0.0001). MoCA-A performance correlated with educational level (r: 0.406 p<0.00001). Adopting a cut-off score ≥25 (YI=0.55), the sensitivity for MCI was 84.8% and for MD 100%, with specificity of 69.7%. When adding a single point to the score in patients with ≤12 years of education, the specificity of the test reached 81%. Conclusion: The MoCA-A is an accurate reliable screening test for MCI and MD in Argentina.

Abstract The neotropical otter is a species of wide distribution in México. This species is classified as threatened in Mexico by NOM-059-Semarnat-2010; there are few studies on them. The goal of this study was to determine the neotropical otter feeding habits, its distribution and relative abundance in the Ramsar site 1602 Mangroves and Wetlands of Tuxpan. Spraints were collected to analyze their diet composition. Defecation rate, and kilometers monitored were used to determine the relative abundance of otters. Finally, latrines were georeferenced to recognize patterns of distribution of the otters at the study site. A total of 67 spraints were collected in which the following prey groups were identified: crustaceans (55%), fish (22%), mollusks (8%), birds (6%), insects (4%), amphibians (1%), and mammals (1%). Diet was found somewhat different to other diets reported from other areas of Mexico. Abundance and distribution were influenced by the degree of habitat conservation and by distance to human settlements.

Resumen La nutria neotropical (Lontra longicaudis annectens) es una especie de amplia distribución en México. Se encuentra catalogada como amenazada en México por la NOM-059-Semarnat-2010 y ha sido poco estudiada. El objetivo de este trabajo fue determinar los hábitos alimenticios de la nutria neotropical, su distribución y su abundancia relativa en el sitio Ramsar 1602 Manglares y Humedales de Tuxpan. Para ello se recolectaron heces con el fin de determinar la composición de la dieta de las nutrias. La tasa de defecación y los kilómetros muestreados se utilizaron para estimar la abundancia relativa de estos organismos. Finalmente, las letrinas se georreferenciaron para reconocer patrones de distribución de las nutrias en el sitio de estudio. Se recolectaron 67 heces en donde se identificaron los siguientes grupos alimenticios: crustáceos (55%), peces (22%), moluscos (8%), aves (6%), insectos (4%), anfibios (1%) y mamíferos (1%). La dieta de las nutrias mostró una composición diferente a lo reportado para otras zonas de México. La abundancia y la distribución estuvieron influidas por el grado de conservación del hábitat y por la lejanía con asentamientos humanos.

Resumen Introducción. Los biobancos con fines de investigación son un bien público que necesita de la participación activa de todas las partes interesadas, por lo cual es importante conocer la percepción que tiene el público general en Colombia sobre su intervención en un biobanco. Objetivo. Indagar en diferentes sectores sociales colombianos sobre su percepción en torno a la donación de material biológico humano para ser almacenado en biobancos con fines de investigación. Materiales y métodos. Se hizo un estudio exploratorio tanto cuantitativo como cualitativo, entre personas sanas de diferentes sectores del país mediante una encuesta anónima sobre su conocimiento y actitudes con respecto a los biobancos. Resultado. La encuesta fue respondida por 368 personas, que incluían investigadores en salud, abogados y miembros de comités de ética de la investigación. El 96 % de los sujetos expresó su voluntad de donar material biológico, aunque el 60 % manifestó tener desconfianza en que sus muestras fueran usadas en algunos tipos de investigación, especialmente en clonación humana. Cerca de la mitad de los participantes refirieron saber qué era un biobanco, sin embargo, menos del 3 % tenía claridad suficiente sobre el concepto. Conclusión. Los participantes expresaron su disposición a donar y almacenar material biológico con fines de investigación, así como su opinión sobre algunos aspectos de la gestión de los biobancos. Las opiniones del público general se deben tener en cuenta en el desarrollo de políticas que regulen la actividad de los biobancos con fines de investigación en Colombia.

Abstract Introduction: Biobanks for research purposes are public assets that require active participation from all interested parties; therefore, it is important to discern and investigate the perception that the general public in Colombia has with regards to their participation in a biobank. Objective: To question different healthy Colombian social agents about the perception they have on donating human biological material to be stored in a biobank for future research purposes. Materials and methods: We conducted an exploratory quantitative and qualitative research by means of an anonymous survey on healthy members of the Colombian community in order to evaluate their knowledge and stances related to biobanks. Results: Three hundred sixty-eight (368) individuals completed the survey, including health-care researchers, lawyers and members of research ethics committees. Ninety-six percent (96%) of the subjects stated their willingness to donate biological material to biobanks, although 60% expressed distress about their samples being used for certain research activities, mainly human cloning. Even though about half of the participants reported knowing what a biobank is, less than 3% of the individuals had a clear concept of them. Conclusion: Participants showed their willingness to donate and store their biological material for research purposes. Similarly, they expressed their opinion about issues related to the management of biobanks. It is necessary to take into account the opinions of the general public in the development of policies that regulate biobanks for research purposes in Colombia.