RESUMO Um cão Yorkshire Terrier, de 10 meses de idade, foi avaliado por tomografia computadorizada, quatro meses após lesão encefálica de origem traumática. A tomografia da cabeça demonstrou dilatação dos ventrículos associada com coleção de sangue periférico, em formato crescente, próxima ao osso parietal direito, com uma área mineralizada interna. A camada visceral do hematoma era hiperatenuante no exame pré-contraste e demonstrou moderado aumento de atenuação radiográfica após a administração de contraste iodado intravenoso. Fraturas no calvário não foram identificadas. Esses achados foram compatíveis com agudização de hematoma subdural crônico calcificado, condição que tem sido descrita com mais detalhes em humanos. Este é o primeiro relato que descreve os achados de imagem, por tomografia computadorizada, em um cão, relacionados a essa condição.

ABSTRACT A ten-month-old male Yorkshire terrier dog was evaluated via CT four months after traumatic brain injury. The head CT scan showed dilated ventricles associated with a peripheral crescent-shaped collection of blood near the right parietal bone with a mineralized area. The visceral layer of the hematoma was hyperattenuating on the native scan and showed moderate contrast enhancement after administration of intravenous iodinated contrast medium. No fractures were identified in the calvarium. These findings were compatible with acute-on-chronic calcified subdural hematoma, which have been described with more detail in humans. This is the first report to include the description of the imaging findings related to this condition using computed tomography in a dog.

RESUMO Realizou-se o exame tomográfico do crânio de uma lontra com histórico de incoordenação, déficit visual e convulsões. Imagens intracranianas revelaram grande lesão cística não captante de contraste em região frontoparietal esquerda, apresentando comunicação com o ventrículo lateral esquerdo e espaço subaracnoidea. Esses achados foram consistentes com cavitação cerebral congênita preenchida por fluido cerebroespinhal, sendo porencefalia o diagnóstico de maior probabilidade com base nos achados clínicos e tomográficos. Destaca-se a raridade dessa condição em animais silvestres, sendo este o primeiro relato em lontras.

ABSTRACT Computed tomography of the head of an otter with a history of incoordination, visual deficits, and seizures was performed. Intracranial images revealed a large non-enhancing fluid attenuating cystic lesion in the left frontoparietal region communicating with the left lateral ventricle and subarachnoid space. These findings are consistent with a congenital brain cavity filled by cerebrospinal fluid, with porencephaly being the most probable diagnosis based on the clinical and tomographic findings. The authors highlight the rarity of such a cystic lesion in wild animals, with this being the first report in otters.

Freshwater crabs are important elements in the aquatic biota of brooks, rivers, lakes and ponds, from both ecological and the socio-economic aspects. Trichodactylidae comprises 51 endemic species from the Neotropical region. Among all the species of this family, Trichodactylus fluviatilis Latreille, 1828 has the widest geographic distribution throughout Brazil. Despite that, there are few published contributions on the biology of this species. The present study investigated the following aspects of T. fluviatilis: relative growth, mean size at onset of morphometric maturity, sexual dimorphism, laterality and heterochely. Specimens were collected monthly from September 2010 through August 2011, from the Velha Eugênia Brook, municipality of Santa Teresinha, State of Bahia. Carapace width (CW), carapace length (CL), major cheliped length (MaCL) and minor cheliped length (MiCL), major cheliped height (MaCH) and minor cheliped height (MiCH), and width of the fifth abdominal segment (5AB) were measured to evaluate the presence of sexual dimorphism; the major difference between the sexes was in the CW vs. 5AB ratio. Heterochely was observed in males and females,with the right cheliped larger than the left in 89% of males and 81% of females. Crab size at the onset of morphometric maturity (= puberty molt) was estimated based on the ratio between CL, cheliped dimensions, 5AB and CW (independent variable). Females were larger than males when they reached morphometric maturity in all studied relations. We recommend the use of chelipeds and abdominal width relationships to estimate the size at the morphometric maturity in males and females, respectively.

Ultrasound activated resorbable pin osteosynthesis (UARPO) has recently shown favourable results in operations on children suffering for craniosynostosis. However, data on complications coming with this new technique in children suffering from craniosynostoses are scarce and have only been assessed retrospectively so far. It has been the aim of the present study to prospectively follow up children undergoing craniosynostosis surgery with a focus on complications related to UARPO materials. Ten pediatric patients (3 female/7 male) were operated due to craniosynostosis at an average age of 9.1±3.8 months using UARPO (SonicWeld/Resorb-X, KLS Martin, Tuttlingen, Germany). Clinical followup evaluations were carried out 1, 3, 6, 9, 12 and 18 months after surgery according to signs of local infection, stability of the remodeled cranial vault and the palpability of the osteosynthesis material. If secondary surgery was necessary, the indication was documented and evaluated by histological and wound smear examinations. No intra-operative or postoperative complications during the inpatient period occurred. 3 patients needed secondary operation due to a localized chronic swelling at the former incision site which developed 3, 9 and 12 months after the operation. Histological examinations yielded a giant cell formation surrounding the resorbable materials in all cases. Additionally, the wound smear showed a bacterial infection in one site. The current prospective study is the first in the field. It reveals a high percentage of delayed foreign body reactions with UARPO, bearing the need of secondary surgery. It seems that this high complication rate found in the present prospective study may weigh out the advantages of UARPO.

Recientemente, la osteosíntesis activada por ultrasonografía con clavos reabsorbibles (OAURC) ha demostrado resultados favorables con operaciones en niños que sufren de craneosinostosis. Sin embargo, los datos actuales sobre complicaciones provenientes con esta técnica nueva en niños que sufren de craneosinostosis son escasos, hasta ahora estos datos solamente han sido evaluados retrospectivamente. El propósito de este estudio, es el seguimiento prospectivo de aquellos niños sometidos a cirugía por craneosinostosis, enfocándose específicamente en complicaciones relacionadas con el uso de los materiales aplicando OAURC. Diez pacientes pediátricos (3 femeninos/7 masculinos) fueron operados utilizando OAURC (SonicWeld/ Resorb-X, KLS Martin, Tuttlingen, Alemania) debido a craneosinostosis; la edad promedio de esos pacientes fue de 9.1±3.8 meses. Se llevaron a cabo examinaciones clínicas de seguimiento 1, 3, 6, 9, 12 y 18 meses después de la cirugía buscando señas de infección local, estabilidad de la bóveda craneoencefálica y palpando la zona con osteosíntesis. En caso de que se requiriera una segunda operación quirúrgica, la indicación para ella se documentaba y se evaluaba por medio de exámenes histológicos y con laminillas citológicas de la herida. No hubo complicaciones intra - ni post operatorias durante el periodo de hospitalización. Tres pacientes necesitaron una segunda operación debido a una inflamación localizada en el área de la incisión quirúrgica, la cual se llevó a cabo 3, 9 y 12 meses después de la primera operación. En todos estos casos, los exámenes histológicos demostraron formación de granulomas con células gigantes rodeando el material reabsorbible. Además, en un caso, las laminillas citológicas obtenidas de la herida demostraron una infección por bacterias. Este estudio prospectivo es el primero en el uso de este procedimiento. Revela un porcentaje alto de reacción inflamatoria granulomatosa por cuerpo extraño con OAURC, llevando a la necesidad de proceder con una segunda operación quirúrgica. Sale que el alto porcentaje de complicaciones encontradas en este estudio prospectivo puede sobre pesar las ventajas que ofrece OAURC y que por lo tanto, el uso clínico de esta técnica, no sea recomendable hasta que haya más datos prospectivos utilizando una población con un número mayor de pacientes que demuestren un resultado más favorable.

There are over 120 species of freshwater decapod crustaceans in Brazil. This paper contributes to the knowledge of the species richness and distribution of decapod crustaceans from Jacupiranga State Park, South of São Paulo State. The main objectives were to investigate the geographical distribution of A. strinatii and to generate a checklist of the decapod species collected from the sampling sites. Sixteen sampling sites were investigated during the year of 2007 and four species were collected. The present report represents a new record of A. strinatii from São Paulo State and adds three more localities at Jacupiranga State Park where the occurrence of T. fluviatilis is confirmed.

This qualitative analysis explores the variables that impact on the evaluation of satisfaction levels by health-care users at the City of Buenos Aires Graphic Workers' Polyclinic. A non probabilistic sample of 25 patients (15 women, 10 men) was selected according to sex and length of affiliation. These patients were interviewed based on an open-ended questionnaire and the data obtained was processed with Atlas T software. Membership mediates users' vision of the institution, thus providing a strong emotional element in the evaluation of health-care services. The symbolic meaning of the labor institution is transferred onto the health-care provider. Thus, senior members assign meanings that transcend health-care services. These experiences shape affiliates' evaluations, which appear unaffected by "objective" quality standards. On the contrary, users evaluate an institution that is part of their lives, and personal biographies are interwoven with the history of the trade union and its health-care services.

El objetivo de este trabajo es indagar, desde una mirada cualitativa, las variables que influyen en la evaluación del nivel de satisfacción de los usuarios del Policlínico de la Obra Social del Personal Gráfico de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires, respecto de la atención de los servicios de salud. Se seleccionó una muestra no probabilística, por cuotas según sexo y antigüedad de afiliación, que abarcó a 25 usuarios (15 mujeres y 10 hombres), aplicando una guía de pautas que contenía preguntas abiertas. El corpus obtenido a través de las entrevistas fue procesado mediante la aplicación del programa informático Atlas T. La mirada con respecto a la institución está mediada por la pertenencia, lo cual otorga una fuerte carga afectiva a las evaluaciones sobre los servicios. La significación simbólica de la institución laboral se traslada a la institución sanitaria. En este sentido, los afiliados más antiguos le dan una significación que trasciende el tema de la atención. Estas vivencias moldean su evaluación, que no está afectada por estándares "objetivos" de la calidad de la atención que reciben; por el contrario, ellos están evaluando a una institución que forma parte de sus vidas, y la biografía personal se confunde con la historia del gremio y de la obra social.