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ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: Viral hepatitis and sexually transmitted infections disproportionally affect men who have sex with men (MSM) and transgender women (TGW). However, only a few studies have evaluated the prevalence of hepatitis in these populations, especially in youths and adolescents. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of biomarkers for hepatitis A, B, and C among young and adolescent MSM and TGW in three Brazilian municipalities. METHODS: Baseline data were collected from a combination of HIV prevention cohort of young and adolescent MSM (AMSM) and TGW (ATGW) aged 15-19 years in three Brazilian municipalities. A social behavioral questionnaire was applied, and immunoassays were performed to detect antibodies against hepatitis A (anti- HAV IgG and IgM), hepatitis B (anti-HBc and anti-HBs), and hepatitis C virus (anti-HCV); testing for the active hepatitis B marker, HBsAg, was also performed. The prevalence of reactive tests and 95% confidence interval (CI) for proportions were measured. RESULTS: The prevalence of naturally or artificially acquired immunity for hepatitis A totaled 17.7% (95%CI: 15.4-20.4), whereas that of acute infection, 0.4% (95%CI: 0.2-1.2). For hepatitis B and C, prevalence rates totaled 2.8% (95%CI: 1.8-4.4) and 0.2% (95%CI: 0.1-1.1), respectively. About 25.7% (95%CI: 22.4-29.4) of participants were non-reactive for anti-HBc and reactive for anti-HBs, the latter being a vaccine marker for hepatitis B. CONCLUSIONS: The investigation of viral hepatitis biomarkers among vulnerable populations enables the early identification of infections, the provision of timely treatment, and an opportunity to point out the need to expand vaccination coverage. OBJECTIVE (MSM TGW. . (TGW) However adolescents municipalities METHODS AMSM (AMSM ATGW (ATGW 1519 15 19 15-1 applied anti (anti IgM, IgM , IgM) antiHBc HBc antiHBs, antiHBs HBs anti-HBs) antiHCV HCV (anti-HCV) HBsAg 95 CI (CI measured RESULTS 177 17 7 17.7 95%CI 95CI (95%CI 15.420.4, 154204 15.4 20.4 4 20 15.4-20.4) infection 04 0 0.4 0.21.2. 0212 0.2 1.2 2 1 0.2-1.2) 28 8 2.8 1.84.4 1844 1.8 4.4 1.8-4.4 02 0.11.1, 0111 0.1 1.1 0.1-1.1) respectively 257 25 25.7 22.429.4 224294 22.4 29.4 22 29 22.4-29.4 nonreactive non HBs, anti-HBs CONCLUSIONS treatment coverage (TGW 151 15- (anti-HCV 9 17. 420 15.420.4 15420 154 15. 204 20. 15.4-20.4 0. 21 0.21.2 021 12 1. 0.2-1.2 2. 84 1.84. 184 18 44 4. 1.8-4. 11 0.11.1 011 01 0.1-1.1 25. 429 22.429. 22429 224 22. 294 29. 22.4-29. 42 15.420. 1542 15.4-20. 0.21. 0.2-1. 1.84 1.8-4 0.11. 0.1-1. 22.429 2242 22.4-29 15.420 15.4-20 0.21 0.2-1 1.8- 0.11 0.1-1 22.42 22.4-2 15.42 15.4-2 0.2- 0.1- 22.4- 15.4-

https://doi.org/10.11606/s1518-8787.2020054005555

O Uso Varfarina na Terapia de Anticoagulação Oral: Desafios e Estratégia EmpoderACO para a Promoção do Empoderamento do Paciente no Autocuidado Oral
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Silvestre, Carina Carvalho

; Cerqueira-Santos, Sabrina

Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia

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2023, Volume 120 Nº 6 elocation e20230335

Resumo: Pt | Texto: Pt | PDF: Pt

https://doi.org/10.36660/abc.20230335

Continuing breastfeeding upon returning to work: feelings, challenges and strategies of breastfeeding nurses work feelings
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Almeida, Lourdes Maria Nunes

; Goulart, Maithê de Carvalho e Lemos

; Góes, Fernanda Garcia Bezerra

; Pereira-Ávila, Fernanda Maria Vieira

; Pinto, Carina Bulcão

; Silva, Aline Cerqueira Santos Santana da

; Garcia, Luana Ramos

; Brun, Larissa Sousa Oliva

Revista Gaúcha de Enfermagem

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2023, Volume 44 elocation e20230075

Resumo: Es En Pt | Texto: Es En Pt | PDF: Es | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

RESUMEN Objetivo: Describir sentimientos, desafíos y estrategias relacionados con la lactancia materna al regresar al trabajo, según la percepción de enfermeras lactantes. Método: Estudio descriptivo, exploratorio y cualitativo con muestreo de bola de nieve. La recolección de datos se llevó a cabo virtualmente entre agosto y septiembre de 2020 en el estado de Río de Janeiro. Se utilizaron el software IRAMUTEQ y una Revisión Temática. Resultados: Participaron 42 enfermeras lactantes que mencionaron sentimientos como miedo, nostalgia, angustia y placer al volver al trabajo. Los desafíos incluyeron falta de infraestructura para extracción de leche en los servicios de salud, horarios desfavorables y múltiples compromisos. Estrategias mencionadas incluyeron redes de apoyo, espacios de escucha y momentos y lugares adecuados para la extracción de leche. Conclusión: Se identificaron diferentes sentimientos y desafíos relacionados con la lactancia materna al regresar al trabajo, con estrategias comunes a otras mujeres trabajadoras y otras específicas del contexto de enfermería. Objetivo trabajo Método descriptivo nieve 202 Janeiro Temática Resultados 4 miedo nostalgia salud compromisos apoyo Conclusión enfermería 20 2

ABSTRACT Objective: To describe feelings, challenges and strategies related to the continuity of breastfeeding after returning to work in the perception of lactating nurses. Method: Descriptive, exploratory, qualitative study, with snowball sampling. Data collection occurred virtually between August and September 2020 in the State of Rio de Janeiro. Interface de R pour les Analyses Multidimensionnelles de Textes et de Questionnaires software and a thematic analysis were used. Results: 42 breastfeeding nurses participated and cited fear, missing the child, anguish, and pleasure in returning to work. Challenges such as lack of infrastructure for pumping the breast in health services, unfavorable scales, and multiple jobs were reported. Support networks, listening spaces, and appropriate times and places for breast milk pumping were mentioned as strategies. Conclusion: Different feelings and challenges for the continuity of breastfeeding upon returning to work were identified; some strategies found were common to other working women while others related to the specific nursing work context. Objective Method Descriptive exploratory study sampling 202 Janeiro used Results 4 fear child anguish services scales reported networks spaces Conclusion identified context 20 2

RESUMO Objetivo: Descrever sentimentos, desafios e estratégias relacionados à continuidade do aleitamento materno no retorno ao trabalho na percepção de enfermeiras nutrizes. Método: Estudo descritivo, exploratório, qualitativo, com amostragem por bola de neve. A coleta de dados ocorreu virtualmente entre agosto e setembro de 2020 no Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Utilizou-se o software Interface de R pour les Analyses Multidimensionnelles de Textes et de Questionnaires e a Análise Temática. Resultados: Participaram 42 enfermeiras que citaram medo, saudade, angústia e prazer no retorno ao trabalho. Foram relatados desafios como falta de infraestrutura para ordenha nos serviços de saúde, escalas desfavoráveis e múltiplos vínculos. Foram mencionadas como estratégias redes de apoio, espaços de escuta, horários e locais adequados para ordenha. Conclusão: Foram identificados distintos sentimentos e desafios para a continuidade da amamentação no retorno ao trabalho; algumas estratégias encontradas foram comuns às mulheres trabalhadoras e outras relacionadas ao contexto laboral da enfermagem. Objetivo nutrizes Método descritivo exploratório qualitativo neve 202 Janeiro Utilizouse Utilizou se Temática Resultados 4 medo saudade saúde vínculos apoio escuta Conclusão enfermagem 20 2

https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-1447.2023.20230075.en

Serological exposure of spotted fever group Rickettsia in capybaras (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris) from urban parks in Campo Grande, Brazilian Midwest
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Campos, João Bosco Vilela

; Martins, Filipe Santos

; Macedo, Gabriel Carvalho de

; Barreto, Wanessa Teixeira Gomes

; Oliveira, Carina Elisei de

; Barbieri, Amália Regina Mar

; Labruna, Marcelo Bahia

; Oliveira-Santos, Luiz Gustavo Rodrigues

; Herrera, Heitor Miraglia

Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical

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2022, Volume 55 elocation e0192-2022

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Background: Rickettsia of the spotted fever group (SFG) has been reported in ticks and domestic animals in Campo Grande (CG), Midwest Brazil. Methods: We searched for Rickettsia in the SFG in capybaras and their ticks in an urban park in the CG. Results: The seropositivity rate was 88.2% (15/17). Although 87.7% of the capybaras sampled showed infestations with Amblyomma sculptum, A. dubitatum, and Amblyomma spp., no molecular results were detected in ticks. Conclusions: Since Rickettsia from the SFG circulates among capybaras in the urban parks of Campo Grande, this large rodent species should be monitored within the One Health Agenda.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0037-8682-0192-2022

Detection of acid neutralizers in fraudulent milk: full validation of a classical qualitative method
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Gondim, Carina de Souza

; Palhares, Marina Penna e

; Santos, Pedro Paulo Borges dos

; Sousa, Roberto Cesar de

; Junqueira, Roberto Gonçalves

; Souza, Scheilla Vitorino Carvalho de

Química Nova

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2021, Volume 44 Nº 5 Páginas 625 - 635

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Neutralization with alkaline compounds is one of the most common adulterations in milk. The rosolic acid method is a classical test widely used in different countries for detection of neutralizers in milk. The official and a modified version were validated in a single laboratory validation process considering four adulterants: sodium bicarbonate(BI), sodium carbonate(CA), sodium hydroxide(HY) and sodium citrate(CI). The modified version, which presented better performance was selected for interlaboratory validation. In this process, samples of raw milk with acidities of 0.19% were neutralized with different concentrations of BI, CA, HY and C and tested for homogeneity and stability. Eight laboratories, which represented different sectors of the milk production chain, received and analysed these samples. The collaborative trial results confirmed the method performance, although sensitivity and precision were inferior to those obtained in the intralaboratory process, demonstrating its applications and limitations.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0100-4042.20170703 64 downloads

Differences in children and adolescents with SARS-CoV-2 infection: a cohort study in a Brazilian tertiary referral hospital
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Marques, Heloisa Helena de Sousa

; Pereira, Maria Fernanda Badue

; Santos, Angélica Carreira dos

; Fink, Thais Toledo

; Paula, Camila Sanson Yoshino de

; Litvinov, Nadia

; Schvartsman, Claudio

; Delgado, Artur Figueiredo

; Gibelli, Maria Augusta Bento Cicaroni

; Carvalho, Werther Brunow de

; Odone Filho, Vicente

; Tannuri, Uenis

; Carneiro-Sampaio, Magda

; Grisi, Sandra

; Duarte, Alberto José da Silva

; Antonangelo, Leila

; Francisco, Rossana Pucineli Vieira

; Okay, Thelma Suely

; Batisttella, Linamara Rizzo

; Carvalho, Carlos Roberto Ribeiro de

; Brentani, Alexandra Valéria Maria

; Silva, Clovis Artur

; Eisencraft, Adriana Pasmanik

; Rossi Junior, Alfio

; Fante, Alice Lima

; Cora, Aline Pivetta

; Reis, Amelia Gorete A. de Costa

; Ferrer, Ana Paula Scoleze

; Andrade, Anarella Penha Meirelles de

; Watanabe, Andreia

; Gonçalves, Angelina Maria Freire

; Waetge, Aurora Rosaria Pagliara

; Silva, Camila Altenfelder

; Ceneviva, Carina

; Lazari, Carolina dos Santos

; Abellan, Deipara Monteiro

; Santos, Emilly Henrique dos

; Sabino, Ester Cerdeira

; Bianchini, Fabíola Roberta Marim

; Alcantara, Flávio Ferraz de Paes

; Ramos, Gabriel Frizzo

; Leal, Gabriela Nunes

; Rodriguez, Isadora Souza

; Pinho, João Renato Rebello

; Carneiro, Jorge David Avaizoglou

; Paz, Jose Albino

; Ferreira, Juliana Carvalho

; Ferranti, Juliana Ferreira

; Ferreira, Juliana de Oliveira Achili

; Framil, Juliana Valéria de Souza

; Silva, Katia Regina da

; Kanunfre, Kelly Aparecida

; Bastos, Karina Lucio de Medeiros

; Galleti, Karine Vusberg

; Cristofani, Lilian Maria

; Suzuki, Lisa

; Campos, Lucia Maria Arruda

; Perondi, Maria Beatriz de Moliterno

; Diniz, Maria de Fatima Rodrigues

; Fonseca, Maria Fernanda Mota

; Cordon, Mariana Nutti de Almeida

; Pissolato, Mariana

; Peres, Marina Silva

; Garanito, Marlene Pereira

; Imamura, Marta

; Dorna, Mayra de Barros

; Luglio, Michele

; Rocha, Mussya Cisotto

; Aikawa, Nadia Emi

; Degaspare, Natalia Viu

; Sakita, Neusa Keico

; Udsen, Nicole Lee

; Scudeller, Paula Gobi

; Gaiolla, Paula Vieira de Vincenzi

; Severini, Rafael da Silva Giannasi

; Rodrigues, Regina Maria

; Toma, Ricardo Katsuya

; Paula, Ricardo Iunis Citrangulo de

; Palmeira, Patricia

; Forsait, Silvana

; Farhat, Sylvia Costa Lima

; Sakano, Tânia Miyuki Shimoda

; Koch, Vera Hermina Kalika

; Cobello Junior, Vilson

Clinics

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2021, Volume 76 elocation e3488

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

OBJECTIVES: To compare demographic/clinical/laboratory/treatments and outcomes among children and adolescents with laboratory-confirmed coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study that included patients diagnosed with pediatric COVID-19 (aged <18 years) between April 11, 2020 and April 22, 2021. During this period, 102/5,951 (1.7%) of all admissions occurred in neonates, children, and adolescents. Furthermore, 3,962 severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) detection samples were processed in patients aged <18 years, and laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 occurred in 155 (4%) inpatients and outpatients. Six/155 pediatric patients were excluded from the study. Therefore, the final group included 149 children and adolescents (n=97 inpatients and 52 outpatients) with positive SARS-CoV-2 results. RESULTS: The frequencies of sore throat, anosmia, dysgeusia, headache, myalgia, nausea, lymphopenia, pre-existing chronic conditions, immunosuppressive conditions, and autoimmune diseases were significantly reduced in children and adolescents (p<0.05). Likewise, the frequencies of enoxaparin use (p=0.037), current immunosuppressant use (p=0.008), vasoactive agents (p=0.045), arterial hypotension (p<0.001), and shock (p=0.024) were significantly lower in children than in adolescents. Logistic regression analysis showed that adolescents with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 had increased odds ratios (ORs) for sore throat (OR 13.054; 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.750-61.977; p=0.001), nausea (OR 8.875; 95% CI 1.660-47.446; p=0.011), and lymphopenia (OR 3.575; 95% CI 1.355-9.430; p=0.010), but also had less hospitalizations (OR 0.355; 95% CI 0.138-0.916; p=0.032). The additional logistic regression analysis on patients with preexisting chronic conditions (n=108) showed that death as an outcome was significantly associated with pediatric severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) (OR 22.300; 95% CI 2.341-212.421; p=0.007) and multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) (OR 11.261; 95% CI 1.189-106. 581; p=0.035). CONCLUSIONS: Half of the laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 cases occurred in adolescents. Individuals belonging to this age group had an acute systemic involvement of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Pediatric SARS and MIS-C were the most important factors associated with the mortality rate in pediatric chronic conditions with COVID-19.

https://doi.org/10.6061/clinics/2021/e3488

Desafios e propostas para ampliação da testagem e diagnóstico para COVID-19 no Brasil
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Magno, Laio

; Rossi, Thais Aranha

; Mendonça-Lima, Fernanda Washington de

; Santos, Carina Carvalho dos

; Campos, Guilherme Barreto

; Marques, Lucas Miranda

; Pereira, Marcos

; Prado, Nilia Maria de Brito Lima

; Dourado, Inês

Ciência & Saúde Coletiva

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Set 2020, Volume 25 Nº 9 Páginas 3355 - 3364

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo O contexto brasileiro de desigualdades sociais e barreiras no acesso aos serviços de saúde pode agravar a situação da pandemia de COVID-19, que já afeta todos os estados da federação, com a curva crescente de aumento de casos confirmados e mortes. O governo dos países e os agentes do campo científico têm buscado evidências para as melhores práticas de prevenção e controle da transmissão, e cuidado da infecção e doença, incluindo medidas de diagnóstico, tratamento e de atenção à saúde. A estratégia de testagem em larga escala, visando o diagnóstico precoce, quarentena dos casos leves identificados, bem como dos contactantes, e cuidado adequado dos casos graves, tem sido revisada e indicada como uma das medidas eficientes para o controle da pandemia em vários países do mundo. O artigo tem como objetivo discutir os desafios da testagem e do diagnóstico de COVID-19 no Brasil.

Abstract The Brazilian context of social inequalities and barriers in accessing health services may deteriorate the situation of the COVID-19 pandemic, which already affects all Brazilian federative states, with the growing curve of increasing confirmed cases and deaths. National governments and scientific field agents have been looking for evidence for the best practices of prevention and control of transmission, and care of infection and disease, including diagnosis, treatment, and health care measures. The large-scale testing strategy, aimed at early diagnosis, quarantine of the mild cases identified, as well as those of the contacts, and adequate care of severe cases, has been revised and indicated as one of the efficient pandemic control measures in several countries in the world. This paper aims to discuss the challenges of COVID-19 testing and diagnosis in Brazil.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232020259.17812020 7330 downloads

Desafios e propostas para ampliação da testagem e diagnóstico para COVID-19 no Brasil
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Magno, Laio

; Rossi, Thais Aranha

; Mendonça-Lima, Fernanda Washington de

; Santos, Carina Carvalho dos

; Campos, Guilherme Barreto

; Marques, Lucas Miranda

; Pereira, Marcos

; Prado, Nilia Maria de Brito Lima

; Dourado, Inês

Ciência & Saúde Coletiva

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2020, Volume 25 Nº 9 Páginas 3355 - 3364

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232020259.17812020

10.

Lessons from the Field Beyond the Numbers: Narratives of Professionals on Women who Experienced Severe Maternal Morbidity
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Angelini, Carina Fernanda Robles

; Pacagnella, Rodolfo de Carvalho

; Silveira, Carla

; Andreucci, Carla Betina

; Ferreira, Elton Carlos

; Santos, Juliana Pereira

; Zanardi, Dulce Maria Toledo

; Parpinelli, Mary Angela

; Costa, Maria Laura

; Cecatti, José Guilherme

Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia

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Jun 2019, Volume 41 Nº 6 Páginas 379 - 386

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Objetivo Diversos fatores podem afetar a saúde e a qualidade de vida das mulheres que tiveram um episódio de morbidade materna grave (MMG) ou near-miss materno (NMM). O objetivo do presente estudo foi explorar as perspectivas dos profissionais sobre as repercussões da MMG ou do NMM após terem entrevistados mulheres que sobreviveram a um desses episódios. Métodos Casos selecionados que chamaram a atenção dos profissionais foram relatados. Estes profissionais construíram individualmente 10 narrativas, que foram analisadas com a técnica de análise de conteúdo. Resultados Segundo as perspectivas dos profissionais, asmulheres que sobreviveram a uma condição materna grave e suas famílias vivenciaram consequências clínicas e psicológicas. Alguns casos relataram um intenso estresse psicológico no luto pela perda do feto ou de sua capacidade reprodutiva e de mudanças da dinâmica familiar, gerando sobrecarga emocional, depressão e violência de gênero. Conclusão A análise das narrativas pode oferecer uma ideia sobre a complexidade da percepção do cuidado de profissionais e sobre a necessidade de um seguimento interdisciplinar das mulheres sobreviventes de um episódio de MMG ou de NMM.

Abstract Objective Several factors might affect the health and the quality of life of women who had a severe maternal morbidity (SMM) or a maternal near-miss (MNM) episode. The objective of the present study was to explore the perspectives of the professionals on the repercussions of SMM or of MNM after interviewing women who survived such episodes. Method Selected cases that captured the attention of professionals were reported. The professionals built individually 10 narratives, which were analyzed with the technique of content analysis. Results According to the perspectives of the professionals, women surviving a severe maternal condition and their families experienced clinical and psychosocial consequences. Some cases portrayed the intense psychological distress in mourning for the loss of the fetus or of their reproductive capacity and changes in family dynamics generating emotional overload, depression, and gender violence. Conclusion The analysis of narratives may offer an idea on the complexity of the perception of care by professionals and on the need for an interdisciplinary follow-up of women surviving an SMM or an MNM episode.

https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1688833 709 downloads

11.

Avaliação in vitro da adsorção de aflatoxina B1 por produtos comerciais utilizados na alimentação animal
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Pinheiro, Raizza Eveline Escórcio

; Pereyra, Carina Maricel

; Neves, Josyanne Araújo

; Calvet, Rodrigo Maciel

; Santos, Julliet Teixeira de Oliveira

; Lima, Cristiane Evangelista

; Alves, Verbena Carvalho

; Pereira, Maria Marlucia Gomes

; Muratori, Maria Christina Sanches

Arquivos do Instituto Biológico

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2017, Volume 84 elocation e0072015

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO: Objetivou-se avaliar a capacidade de adsorção in vitro de aflatoxina B1 (AFB1) por produtos comerciais utilizados na alimentação animal. Muitas pesquisas estão sendo realizadas para a descontaminação de AFB1 em alimentos. Os produtos comerciais utilizados frequentemente na alimentação de peixes, disponíveis na forma de probióticos, são formados por cepas de bactérias e leveduras utilizadas na maioria dos ensaios de adsorção de micotoxinas. Foram utilizados três produtos comerciais: A, composto por Bacillus subtilis, Bifidobacterium bifidum, Enterococcus faecium e Lactobacillus acidophilus; B, por leveduras secas de Saccharomyces cerevisiae provenientes de cervejaria; e C, por Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis e Bacillus pumilus. Cinco suspensões da dose máxima recomendada pelo fabricante de cada produto (0; 25; 50; 75 e 100%) foram testadas contra AFB1 (1000 ng.mL-1) em microtubos para determinação da capacidade de adsorção. Para simular o pH do estômago e do intestino de tilápias do Nilo (Oreochromis niloticus) foram formuladas soluções tampão fosfato salino (PBS), com pH 1,5 e 7,5; respectivamente. Os microtubos foram introduzidos em uma centrífuga com agitação mecânica, a 37ºC por 1 h e depois centrifugados por 10 min a 14.000 rpm; os sobrenadantes foram quantificados por cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência. Os produtos comerciais, nas concentrações máximas, foram capazes de adsorver AFB1 em quantidades de 45,01 a 129,59; 123,90 a 215,59 e 209,98 a 370,73 ng.mL-1, respectivamente. Concluiu-se que todos os produtos comerciais analisados adsorvem AFB1 em condições simuladas de pH gastrointestinal e são candidatos potenciais para adsorção de AFB1 para futuros ensaios in vivo.

ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to evaluate the aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) adsorption capacity, in vitro, by commercial products used in animal feed. Many studies are being conducted for the decontamination of aflatoxins in feed. The commercial products destined to fish feed that are available as probiotics and are formed by strains of bacteria and yeasts used in most mycotoxins adsorption assays. Three commercial products were studied: A, consisting of Bacillus subtilis, Bifidobacterium bifidum, Enterococcus faecium and Lactobacillus acidophilus; B, consisting of dry yeast of Saccharomyces cerevisiae from brewery; and C, consisting of Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus pumilus. Five suspensions of the maximum dose recommended by the manufacturer of each product (0; 25; 50; 75 and 100%) were tested against AFB1 (1000 ng.mL-1) in microtubes to determine the adsorption capacity. To simulate the pH of the stomach and intestine of the Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), phosphate buffered saline solutions (PBS) at pH 1.5 and 7.5, respectively, were formulated. Microtubes were introduced into a centrifuge with mechanical agitation at 37ºC for 1 h and then centrifuged for 10 min at 14.000 rpm; the supernatants were quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography. The commercial products in the maximum concentration were capable of adsorbing AFB1 in amounts from 45.01 to 129.59; from 123.90 to 215.59; and from 209.98 to 370.73 (ng.mL-1), respectively. It was concluded that all commercial products, which are added to animal feed, adsorbed AFB1 under simulated gastrointestinal pH conditions and are potential candidates for AFB1 adsorption for future in vivo studies.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1808-1657000072015 2298 downloads

12.

Evaluation of the dentists’ knowledge on medical urgency and emergency
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STAFUZZA, Tássia Carina

; CARRARA, Cleide Felício Carvalho

; OLIVEIRA, Fernanda Veronese

; SANTOS, Carlos Ferreira

; OLIVEIRA, Thais Marchini

Brazilian Oral Research

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2014, Volume 28 Nº 1 Páginas 1 - 5

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

This study aimed at evaluating how well dentists understand medical emergency/urgency procedures and issues during dental treatment at a hospital specialized in cleft lip and palate. It comprised a hundred dentists from the Hospital for Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies, University of São Paulo (HRAC/USP), Brazil, from different dental specialties. A questionnaire was applied to evaluate their knowledge of medical emergencies/urgencies from June through September 2011. The questionnaire was anonymous, confidential and constructed with closed questions and either yes-no or multiple-choice responses. Results showed that most professionals (87%) were trained in basic life support (BLS), but only 43% considered themselves capable of providing first aid and performing the necessary maneuvers. Most participants (94%) claimed that they knew the difference between medical urgencies and emergencies, and 69% had BLS training in their undergraduate courses, as opposed to 37%, during their specialization. Some participants (23%) mentioned that they had received knowledge of the subject during extracurricular courses and/or graduate courses (12%). Only 9% had not been educated on the subject; however, all participants showed interest in attending a course in BLS. In regard to assessing training that dentists who attended BLS courses received, 49% were satisfied and 42% were dissatisfied. Results of the present study emphasize that dentists from HRAC/USP have little knowledge about BLS procedures to perform them. Dentists must gain adequate education and training to minimize possible technical, ethical and legal problems associated with dental practice. It is necessary to improve both knowledge and practice in order to become well-qualified practitioners.

https://doi.org/10.1590/10.1590/1807-3107BOR-2014.vol28.0029 5450 downloads

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