The emergence of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) stands for being the most serious epidemic (so far) of the 21st century. However, only a few computational studies have investigated the molecular mechanisms underlying the neutralization of the spike protein by antibodies of different classes. Hence, bioinformatic methods were employed to unravel the factors contributing to the remarkable neutralization capacity exhibited by specific antibodies. Initially, crystallographic structures of IgA monomeric / dimeric, IgG, and IgM antibodies binding with the receptor-binding domain region of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein were retrieved. Subsequently, rigid molecular docking and molecular dynamic simulations were performed over 100 ns with explicit water solvation. Lastly, an energy decomposition was conducted to estimate the binding affinity using the last frames from molecular dynamics. The results revealed a higher binding affinity for both monomeric and dimeric forms of IgA antibodies against the spike protein. Additionally, a greater number of hydrogen bonds were observed during their interaction with the spike protein, as well as greater structural instability along the time and especially a more thermodynamically favorable interaction affinity. In this way, the research contributes a small piece to the complex puzzle of understanding the humoral immune response induced by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. SARSCoV2 SARSCoV SARS CoV (SARS-CoV-2 so far st century However classes Hence Initially IgG receptorbinding receptor SARS-CoV- retrieved Subsequently 10 solvation Lastly dynamics Additionally way virus (SARS-CoV- SARS-CoV 1 (SARS-CoV

Abstract The objective of this research was to evaluate the quality of panels produced with different proportions of Pinus oocarpa wood particles and industrial cigarette waste. The wood came from an experimental field and the cigarette waste was obtained through a donation. The particles were mixed in different proportions (100% pine particles, 90% pine particles and 10% cigarette particles, 80% pine particles and 20% cigarette particles, 70% pine particles and 30% cigarette particles). The results showed that all particleboards reached the minimum value specified by NBR 14810-2 (ABNT, 2018) for Thickness Swelling (TS). All mechanical properties evaluated showed a reduction in values with the addition of cigarette residue particles and the values obtained did not meet the minimum specified by the standard used for the modulus of rupture and modulus of elasticity. Regarding internal adhesion, the panels for T3 and T4 treatments reached the minimum value required by Brazilian standards. The thermal resistance of the panels increased with the inclusion of cigarette residue particles, but the effect was low depending on R 2 . donation 100% 100 (100 90 10 80 20 70 30 particles. particles) 148102 14810 14810- ABNT, ABNT (ABNT 2018 TS. TS (TS) elasticity adhesion T standards (10 9 1 8 7 3 1481 201 (TS (1 148 ( 14

Resumo O objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar a qualidade de painéis produzidos com diferentes proporções de partículas de madeira de Pinus oocarpa e resíduos de cigarro industrializado. As partículas foram misturadas em diferentes proporções (100% de partículas de pinus, 90% de partículas de pinus e 10% de partículas de cigarro, 80% de partículas de pinus e 20% de partículas de cigarro, 70% de partículas de pinus e 30% de partículas de cigarro). Os resultados evidenciaram que todos os painéis aglomerados atingiram o valor mínimo especificado pela NBR 14810-2 (ABNT, 2018) para o Inchamento em Espessura (IE). Todas as propriedades mecânicas avaliadas evidenciaram redução nos valores com a adição das partículas de resíduos de cigarro e os valores obtidos não atenderam ao mínimo especificado pela norma utilizada para o módulo de ruptura e módulo de elasticidade. Em relação a ligação interna os painéis dos tratamentos T3 e T4 atingiram o valor mínimo requerido pela norma brasileira. A resistência térmica dos painéis aumentou com a inclusão das partículas de resíduos de cigarro, porém o efeito foi baixo em função do R2. industrializado 100% 100 (100 90 10 80 20 70 30 cigarro. . cigarro) 148102 14810 2 14810- ABNT, ABNT (ABNT 2018 IE. IE (IE) elasticidade T brasileira R2 R (10 9 1 8 7 3 1481 201 (IE (1 148 ( 14

Resumo: Chatbots podem utilizar-se de interações rápidas, e por vezes, especializada em diferentes situações, tornando-os uma opção na escolha de ferramentas para coletar informações. Na avaliação psicológica de crianças e adolescentes, podem atuar como fontes complementares, e auxiliar a descrever, qualificar e mensurar características psicológicas e comportamentais, nas suas diversas formas de expressão, em diferentes contextos. Este estudo objetivou apresentar o Psico Bot, um chatbot desenvolvido para avaliar sintomas de ansiedade e depressão em crianças e adolescentes. Composto por 20 questões que mapeiam sintomas físicos e psicológicos dos constructos selecionados, sendo desenvolvido por meio da linguagem natural Dialogflow para uso na plataforma de conversação Google Assistente, o design do Psico Bot pauta-se em representação neutra, sem sexo ou idade determinados, facilitando a rápida identificação do usuário. Respaldando-se na utilização de multimétodos avaliativos, o Psico Bot pode oferecer informações relevantes sobre a saúde mental de crianças e adolescentes utilizando linguagem e dispositivos de fácil compreensão e manuseio por essa população. Para o avaliador, a ferramenta oferece resposta rápida e informações específicas sobre cada constructo, possibilitando intervenções mais efetivas em elementos de maior necessidade.

Abstract: Chatbots can use fast, and sometimes specialized interactions in different situations, making them an option in the choice of tools to collect information. In the psychological assessment of children and adolescents, they can act as complementary sources, and help to describe, qualify and measure psychological and behavioral characteristics, in its various forms of expression, in different contexts. This study aimed to present Psico Bot, a chatbot developed to assess symptoms of anxiety and depression in children and adolescents. Consisting of 20 questions that map physical and psychological symptoms of the selected constructs, it was developed through the natural language Dialogflow for use in the Google Assistant conversation platform. The design of Psico Bot is based on a neutral representation, with no determined gender or age, facilitating quick identification by the user. Based on the use of multimethod evaluations, the Psico Bot can offer relevant information about the mental health of children and adolescents using language and devices that are easy to understand and handle by this population. For the evaluator, the tool offers quick response and specific information about each construct, enabling more effective interventions in elements of greatest need.

Resumen: Los chatbots pueden utilizar interacciones rápidas y, a veces especializadas, en diferentes situaciones, lo que los convierte en una opción en la elección de herramientas para recopilar información. En la evaluación psicológica de niños y adolescentes pueden actuar como fuentes complementarias y ayudar a describir, calificar y medir las características psicológicas y de comportamiento en sus diversas formas de expresión en diferentes contextos. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo presentar Psico Bot, un chatbot desarrollado para evaluar síntomas de ansiedad y depresión en niños y adolescentes. Compuesto por 20 preguntas que mapean síntomas físicos y psicológicos de los constructos seleccionados, fue desarrollado mediante el lenguaje natural Dialogflow para su uso en la plataforma de conversación Google Assistant. El diseño de Psico Bot se basa en una representación neutra, sin género ni edad determinados, lo que facilita la rápida identificación por parte del usuario. A partir del uso de evaluaciones multimétodo, Psico Bot puede ofrecer información relevante sobre la salud mental de niños y adolescentes utilizando un lenguaje y dispositivos de fácil comprensión y manejo para esta población. Para el evaluador, la herramienta ofrece una respuesta rápida e información específica sobre cada constructo, lo que permite intervenciones más eficaces en los elementos de mayor necesidad.

Aim This study aimed to evaluate the millimeter distances and active tip diameters of different periodontal probes. Methods Two types of periodontal probes were analyzed (North Carolina (15-UNC) and PCP-12). Two manufacturers were selected for each probe type. Digital images of the probes were obtained and the distances were measured using a software program. The diameter of the active tip was measured using a digital caliper. Both variables were measured by two trained and calibrated examiners. The data were analyzed using the Bland-Altman method and two-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post-hoc test. Statistical significance was set at p<0.05. Results A comparison of measurements between the 15-UNC and PCP-12 probes showed a significant difference in all millimeter markings. The 15-UNC probe showed differences between the 3 and 12 mm markings. The PCP-12 probe only showed differences between the marks at the 12 mm mark. The 15-UNC probe had a similar active tip diameter between the two manufacturers. The PCP-12 probe showed a significant difference between the two manufacturers. Both types of probes had similar active tip diameters when compared by the two manufacturers. Conclusion There was no standardization in relation to millimeter marks and tip diameters of the two types of periodontal probes produced by the two different manufacturers. The probe types exhibited little variability. North 15UNC UNC 15 (15-UNC PCP12. PCP12 PCP . PCP-12) type program caliper examiners BlandAltman Bland Altman twoway way Tukeys Tukey s posthoc post hoc test p005 p 0 05 p<0.05 PCP-1 markings 1 mark variability PCP1 p00 p<0.0 PCP- p0 p<0. p<0 p<

Abstract We hypothesized that the hCG modulates the expression of IFNT-pathway and ISGs in bovine endometrium during early pregnancy. The aim of the current study is to evaluate the effect of hCG on IFNT-pathway signals and ISGs expression in endometrial cells. For this, 29 non-lactating cross-bread cows were used in the study and submitted to a 9-day fixed-time artificial insemination (FTAI) protocol. The day of the AI was considered Day 0 (D0), and five days (D5) after the FTAI, the cows were allocated into two groups: Control and hCG group, when a hCG group received a single dose of 2.500UI of hCG. On day 18 after FTAI (D18) cows were slaughtered and endometrial tissue samples were collected. There was no difference between the embryo recovery rate of the cows in C compared to the hCG. The hCG group increased the accessory corpus luteum formation rate. The hCG resulted in greater serum progesterone concentration in the hCG group compared to the C on Day 14. Only the expression of IFNAR2 and STAT1 were upregulated on pregnant cows of the hCG group compared to the C group. The pathway genes (JAK1, STAT2, and IRF9) were not regulated. The mRNA abundance of ISG15, MX1, MX2, and OAS1 was upregulated in pregnant cows for hCG group, compared to C group. The results show that the administration of hCG, 5 days after AI, in addition to increasing the serum progesterone, modulates the expression of IFNT-pathway and ISGs on bovine endometrium on Day 18 of pregnancy. IFNTpathway IFNT pregnancy cells this 2 nonlactating non lactating crossbread cross bread 9day 9 fixedtime fixed time (FTAI protocol D0, D0 D , (D0) D5 (D5 groups 2500UI UI 500UI 1 D18 (D18 collected 14 IFNAR STAT JAK1, JAK1 JAK (JAK1 STAT2 IRF9 IRF regulated ISG15 ISG MX1 MX MX2 OAS (D0 (D D1 (D1 (JAK ISG1

This study presents the synthesis and characterization of five Schiff bases derived from the reaction of 4-(2-aminoethyl)-benzenesulfonamide (compound 1) with corresponding aldehydes, (benzaldehyde, 2-pyridinecarboxaldehyde, 2-quinolinecarboxaldehyde, 8-hydroxy2-quinolinecarboxaldehyde and 4-imidazolecarboxaldehyde, for compounds 2-6, respectively). Characterization was performed by various spectroscopic techniques and supported by density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The crystal structures revealed how the substituent groups influenced the present supramolecular interactions. Compounds 1-4 and 6 showed no cytotoxicity to BHK-21 and VERO E6 cells at the highest concentration of 50 µmol L-1, while compound 5 was cytotoxic at this concentration. Compound 5 was active against the Chikungunya virus at the concentration of 10 µmol L-1, highlighting the effect of the 8-hydroxyquinoline substituent for the antiviral activity. For Zika virus, compound 6 was the only one active at 50 µmol L-1. The results suggest the potential of combining sulfonamides with other chemotypes for further development of antiviral agents, especially in the treatment of arboviral diseases. 42aminoethylbenzenesulfonamide aminoethylbenzenesulfonamide 4 2 aminoethyl benzenesulfonamide 1 aldehydes benzaldehyde, benzaldehyde (benzaldehyde 2pyridinecarboxaldehyde, 2pyridinecarboxaldehyde pyridinecarboxaldehyde pyridinecarboxaldehyde, 2-pyridinecarboxaldehyde 2quinolinecarboxaldehyde, 2quinolinecarboxaldehyde quinolinecarboxaldehyde quinolinecarboxaldehyde, 2-quinolinecarboxaldehyde 8hydroxy2quinolinecarboxaldehyde hydroxyquinolinecarboxaldehyde 8 hydroxy2 hydroxy 4imidazolecarboxaldehyde, 4imidazolecarboxaldehyde imidazolecarboxaldehyde imidazolecarboxaldehyde, 4-imidazolecarboxaldehyde 26, 26 6, 2-6 respectively. respectively . respectively) DFT (DFT calculations interactions 14 1- BHK21 BHK 21 BHK-2 E L1, L1 L 1, L-1 8hydroxyquinoline hydroxyquinoline activity L1. 1. agents diseases 2- BHK2 BHK- L-

RESUMEN Objetivo: Comprender el papel del enfermero de Atención Primaria de Salud en el tratamiento de la Disfunción del Tracto Urinario Inferior. Método: Investigación transversal multimetodológica, compuesta por etapas cuantitativas y cualitativas, de forma independiente y secuencial. Datos recopilados de forma remota, a través de un cuestionario y un grupo focal, analizados mediante estadística descriptiva y análisis temático de Braun y Clarke, respectivamente. El proyecto fue aprobado bajo Opinión 22691119.0.0000.0030. Resultados: Participaron del estudio 145 enfermeros en la etapa cuantitativa y 20 en la cualitativa, actuando en la Atención Primaria de Salud en Brasil. Del 93,1% de los enfermeros que afirmaron haber atendido ya a personas con Disfunción del Tracto Urinario, sólo el 54,4% brindó orientación, principalmente para el entrenamiento de los músculos del suelo pélvico. Conclusión: Incluso con apoyo legal y acceso a la demanda, los enfermeros no tienen el conocimiento para ofrecer tratamiento conservador para la Disfunción del Tracto Urinario Inferior. Pese a ello, estaban motivados para hacerlo siempre que recibieran una formación específica. Objetivo Inferior Método multimetodológica cualitativas secuencial remota focal Clarke respectivamente 22691119000000030 22691119 0 0000 0030 22691119.0.0000.0030 Resultados 14 2 cualitativa Brasil 931 93 1 93,1 544 54 4 54,4 orientación pélvico Conclusión demanda ello específica 2269111900000003 2269111 000 003 22691119.0.0000.003 9 93, 5 54, 226911190000000 226911 00 22691119.0.0000.00 22691119000000 22691 22691119.0.0000.0 2269111900000 2269 22691119.0.0000. 226911190000 226 22691119.0.0000 22691119000 22 22691119.0.000 2269111900 22691119.0.00 226911190 22691119.0.0 22691119.0. 22691119.0 22691119.

ABSTRACT Objective: To understand Primary Health Care nurses’ role in treating Lower Urinary Tract Dysfunction. Method: Cross-sectional multi-methodological research, composed of quantitative and qualitative steps, independently and sequentially. Data collected remotely, through a questionnaire and focus group, analyzed using descriptive statistics and thematic analysis by Braun and Clarke, respectively. The project was approved under Opinion 22691119.0.0000.0030. Results: A total of 145 nurses participated in the study in the quantitative step and 20 in the qualitative step, working in Primary Health Care in Brazil. Of the 93.1% nurses who reported having already cared for people with Urinary Tract Dysfunction, only 54.4% provided guidance, mainly for training the pelvic floor muscles. Conclusion: Even though they have legal support and access to demand, nurses do not have the knowledge to offer conservative treatment for Lower Urinary Tract Dysfunction. Despite this, they were motivated to do so as long as they received specific training. Objective Dysfunction Method Crosssectional Cross sectional multimethodological multi methodological research steps sequentially remotely group Clarke respectively 22691119000000030 22691119 0 0000 0030 22691119.0.0000.0030 Results 14 2 Brazil 931 93 1 93.1 544 54 4 54.4 guidance muscles Conclusion demand this 2269111900000003 2269111 000 003 22691119.0.0000.003 9 93. 5 54. 226911190000000 226911 00 22691119.0.0000.00 22691119000000 22691 22691119.0.0000.0 2269111900000 2269 22691119.0.0000. 226911190000 226 22691119.0.0000 22691119000 22 22691119.0.000 2269111900 22691119.0.00 226911190 22691119.0.0 22691119.0. 22691119.0 22691119.

RESUMO Objetivo: Compreender a atuação dos enfermeiros da Atenção Primaria à Saúde no tratamento da Disfunção do Trato Urinário Inferior. Método: Pesquisa transversal multi-metodológica, composta por etapas quantitativa e qualitativa, de forma independente e sequencial. Dados coletados de forma remota, por meio de questionário e grupo focal, analisados por estatística descritiva e análise temática de Braun e Clarke, respectivamente. O projeto foi aprovado sob Parecer no. 22691119.0.0000.0030. Resultados: Participaram do estudo 145 enfermeiros na etapa quantitativa e 20 na qualitativa, atuantes na Atenção Primária à Saúde do Brasil. Dos 93,1% enfermeiros que referiram já terem atendido pessoas com Disfunção do Trato Urinário, apenas 54,4% prestaram orientações, sendo principalmente para treinamento da musculatura do assoalho pélvico. Conclusão: Mesmo possuindo respaldo legal e acesso à demanda, os enfermeiros não têm conhecimento para oferecer tratamento conservador para Disfunção do Trato Urinário Inferior. Apesar disso, mostraram-se motivados para tal atuação desde que recebam capacitação específica. Objetivo Inferior Método multimetodológica, multimetodológica multi metodológica, metodológica multi-metodológica qualitativa sequencial remota focal Clarke respectivamente 22691119000000030 22691119 0 0000 0030 22691119.0.0000.0030 Resultados 14 2 Brasil 931 93 1 93,1 544 54 4 54,4 orientações pélvico Conclusão demanda disso mostraramse mostraram se específica 2269111900000003 2269111 000 003 22691119.0.0000.003 9 93, 5 54, 226911190000000 226911 00 22691119.0.0000.00 22691119000000 22691 22691119.0.0000.0 2269111900000 2269 22691119.0.0000. 226911190000 226 22691119.0.0000 22691119000 22 22691119.0.000 2269111900 22691119.0.00 226911190 22691119.0.0 22691119.0. 22691119.0 22691119.

Three-dimensional structures of proteins are intimately linked to their functions, therefore understanding their conformation in solution is essential. While nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and X-ray crystallography are widely employed for protein structural determination, their limitations make the process challenging and expensive. Theoretical calculations of chemical shifts present a potential complement to experimental techniques, facilitating the study of protein structures. This investigation aims to assess the applicability of chemical shift calculations in analyzing three-dimensional structures of peptides, focusing on the tryptophan zipper 1 peptide as a model. Furthermore, a mutated variant of this peptide was proposed to evaluate the stability of its structural elements under sequence modifcations. Through calculations, a potential structural alteration in the β-turn region of the mutant peptide compared to tryptophan zipper 1 was identifed. This research demonstrates the potential of using computational approaches to complement experimental methods in studying protein structures and their functional implications. Threedimensional Three dimensional functions essential Xray X ray determination expensive techniques threedimensional three peptides model Furthermore modifcations βturn β turn identifed implications

ABSTRACT Objective: To examine the physical function and respiratory muscle strength of patients - who recovered from critical COVID-19 – after intensive care unit discharge to the ward on Days one (D1) and seven (D7), and to investigate variables associated with functional impairment. Methods: This was a prospective cohort study of adult patients with COVID-19 who needed invasive mechanical ventilation, non-invasive ventilation or high-flow nasal cannula and were discharged from the intensive care unit to the ward. Participants were submitted to Medical Research Council sum-score, handgrip strength, maximal inspiratory pressure, maximal expiratory pressure, and short physical performance battery tests. Participants were grouped into two groups according to their need for invasive ventilation: the Invasive Mechanical Ventilation Group (IMV Group) and the Non-Invasive Mechanical Ventilation Group (Non-IMV Group). Results: Patients in the IMV Group (n = 31) were younger and had higher Sequential Organ Failure Assessment scores than those in the Non-IMV Group (n = 33). The short physical performance battery scores (range 0 - 12) on D1 and D7 were 6.1 ± 4.3 and 7.3 ± 3.8, respectively for the Non-Invasive Mechanical Ventilation Group, and 1.3 ± 2.5 and 2.6 ± 3.7, respectively for the IMV Group. The prevalence of intensive care unit-acquired weakness on D7 was 13% for the Non-IMV Group and 72% for the IMV Group. The maximal inspiratory pressure, maximal expiratory pressure, and handgrip strength increased on D7 in both groups, but the maximal expiratory pressure and handgrip strength were still weak. Only maximal inspiratory pressure was recovered (i.e., > 80% of the predicted value) in the Non-IMV Group. Female sex, and the need and duration of invasive mechanical were independently and negatively associated with the short physical performance battery score and handgrip strength. Conclusion: Patients who recovered from critical COVID-19 and who received invasive mechanical ventilation presented greater disability than those who were not invasively ventilated. However, they both showed marginal functional improvement during early recovery, regardless of the need for invasive mechanical ventilation. This might highlight the severity of disability caused by SARS-CoV-2. Objective COVID19 COVID 19 COVID-1 D (D1 D7, , (D7) impairment Methods noninvasive non highflow high flow sumscore, sumscore sum score, sum-score tests NonInvasive Non NonIMV . Results n 31 33. 33 33) range 12 61 6 1 6. 43 4 3 4. 73 7 7. 38 8 3.8 13 1. 25 2 5 2. 26 37 3.7 unitacquired acquired 72 weak i.e., ie i e (i.e. 80 value sex Conclusion ventilated However recovery SARSCoV2. SARSCoV2 SARSCoV SARS CoV SARS-CoV-2 COVID1 COVID- (D (D7 3. i.e. (i.e SARS-CoV- i.e SARS-CoV

RESUMO Objetivo: Examinar a função física e a força muscular respiratória de pacientes que se recuperaram da COVID-19 grave após a alta da unidade de terapia intensiva para a enfermaria nos Dias 1 e 7 e investigar as variáveis associadas ao comprometimento funcional. Métodos: Trata-se de estudo de coorte prospectivo de pacientes adultos com COVID-19 que necessitaram de ventilação mecânica invasiva, ventilação mecânica não invasiva ou cânula nasal de alto fluxo e tiveram alta da unidade de terapia intensiva para a enfermaria. Os participantes foram submetidos aos testes Medical Research Council sum-score, força de preensão manual, pressão inspiratória máxima, pressão expiratória máxima e short physical performance battery. Os participantes foram agrupados em dois grupos conforme a necessidade de ventilação mecânica invasiva: o Grupo Ventilação Mecânica Invasiva (Grupo VMI) e o Grupo Não Ventilação Mecânica Invasiva (Grupo Não VMI). Resultados: Os pacientes do Grupo VMI (n = 31) eram mais jovens e tinham pontuações do Sequential Organ Failure Assessment mais altas do que os do Grupo VMI (n = 33). As pontuações do short physical performance battery (intervalo de zero a 12) nos Dias 1 e 7 foram 6,1 ± 4,3 e 7,3 ± 3,8, respectivamente para o Grupo Não VMI, e 1,3 ± 2,5 e 2,6 ± 3,7, respectivamente para o Grupo VMI. A prevalência de fraqueza adquirida na unidade de terapia intensiva no Dia 7 foi de 13% para o Grupo Não VMI e de 72% para o Grupo VMI. A pressão inspiratória máxima, a pressão expiratória máxima e a força de preensão manual aumentaram no Dia 7 em ambos os grupos, porém a pressão expiratória máxima e a força de preensão manual ainda eram fracas. Apenas a pressão inspiratória máxima foi recuperada (ou seja, > 80% do valor previsto) no Grupo Não VMI. As variáveis sexo feminino, e necessidade e duração da ventilação mecânica invasiva foram associadas de forma independente e negativa à pontuação do short physical performance battery e à força de preensão manual. Conclusão: Os pacientes que se recuperaram da COVID-19 grave e receberam ventilação mecânica invasiva apresentaram maior incapacidade do que aqueles que não foram ventilados invasivamente. No entanto, os dois grupos de pacientes apresentaram melhora funcional marginal durante a fase inicial de recuperação, independentemente da necessidade de ventilação mecânica invasiva. Esse resultado pode evidenciar a gravidade da incapacidade causada pelo SARS-CoV-2. Objetivo COVID19 COVID 19 COVID-1 Métodos Tratase Trata sumscore, sumscore sum score, score sum-score . Resultados n 31 33. 33 33) intervalo 12 61 6 6, 43 4 3 4, 73 7, 38 8 3,8 13 1, 25 2 5 2, 26 37 3,7 72 fracas seja 80 previsto feminino Conclusão invasivamente entanto recuperação SARSCoV2. SARSCoV2 SARSCoV SARS CoV 2. SARS-CoV-2 COVID1 COVID- 3, SARS-CoV- SARS-CoV

ABSTRACT Introduction: Cardiac surgery is a frequent surgical procedure and may present a high risk of complications. Among the prophylactic strategies studied to decrease the rates of negative outcomes, respiratory care seems to reduce pulmonary complications. Incentive spirometry (IS) is a low-cost, respiratory exercise technique, used for the prevention and treatment of postoperative pulmonary complications (PPC). The aim of this review was to evaluate whether IS is superior to respiratory care, mobilization exercises, and noninvasive ventilation on PPC, and clinical outcomes. Methods: Systematic review. Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (or MEDLINE®), Embase®, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (or CENTRAL), Physiotherapy Evidence Database (or PEDro), Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health (or CINAHL®), Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature (or LILACS), Scientific Electronic Library Online (or SciELO), Allied, Scopus®, and OpenGrey databases, clinical trial registration sites, conferences, congresses, and symposiums were searched. Results: Twenty-one randomized trials and one quasi-randomized trial (1,677 participants) were included. For partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2), IS was inferior to respiratory care (mean difference [MD] -4.48; 95% confidence interval [CI] -8.32 to -0.63). Flow-oriented IS was inferior to respiratory care on PaO2 (MD -4.53; 95% CI -8.88 to -0.18). However, compared to respiratory care, flow-oriented IS was superior on recovery vital capacity. Conclusions: This meta-analysis revealed that IS was not superior to standard respiratory care for PPCs and clinical outcomes, therefore its use should not be widely recommended until further studies with high quality be performed to ensure this clinical guidance. Introduction outcomes (IS lowcost, lowcost low cost, cost low-cost technique PPC. PPC . (PPC) exercises Methods or MEDLINE®, MEDLINE MEDLINE® , MEDLINE®) Embase Embase® CENTRAL, CENTRAL CENTRAL) PEDro, PEDro PEDro) CINAHL®, CINAHL CINAHL® CINAHL®) LILACS, LILACS LILACS) SciELO, SciELO SciELO) Scopus Scopus® databases sites conferences congresses searched Results Twentyone Twenty quasirandomized quasi 1,677 1677 1 677 (1,67 participants included PaO2, PaO (PaO2) mean MD [MD 4.48 448 4 48 -4.48 95 [CI 8.32 832 8 32 -8.3 0.63. 063 0.63 0 63 -0.63) Floworiented Flow oriented 4.53 453 53 -4.53 8.88 888 88 -8.8 0.18. 018 0.18 18 -0.18) However floworiented flow capacity Conclusions metaanalysis meta analysis guidance (PPC 1,67 167 67 (1,6 (PaO2 4.4 44 -4.4 9 8.3 83 3 -8. 06 0.6 6 -0.63 4.5 45 5 -4.5 8.8 01 0.1 -0.18 1,6 16 (1, (PaO 4. -4. 8. -8 0. -0.6 -0.1 1, (1 -4 - -0. ( -0

Abstract In the modern world, cancer is a growing cause of mortality, but archeological studies have shown that it is not exclusive to modern populations. The aim of this study is to examine the epidemiologic, social, and clinicopathologic features of head and neck cancers in ancient populations. To do this, we extracted all records that described malignant lesions in the head and neck region available in the Cancer Research in Ancient Bodies Database (CRAB). The estimated age, sex, physical condition of the remains (skeletonized, mummified), anatomic location of tumors, geographic location, chronology, tumor type, and methods of tumor diagnosis were collected. One hundred and sixty-seven cases were found, mostly originating from Europe (51.5%). Most records were of adults between 35 and 49 years of age (37.7%). The most involved site was the skullcap (60.4%), and the most common malignancies were metastases to the bone (65.3%) and multiple myeloma (17.4%). No primary soft tissue malignancies were registered. The results of our study indicate that head and neck cancers were present in ancient civilizations, at least since 500,000 BCE. The available data can help to improve the current understanding of the global distribution of head and neck cancer and its multidimensional impacts on populations in the contemporary world. world mortality epidemiologic social CRAB. CRAB . (CRAB) sex skeletonized, skeletonized (skeletonized mummified, mummified , mummified) tumors chronology type collected sixtyseven sixty seven found 51.5%. 515 51.5% 51 5 (51.5%) 3 4 37.7%. 377 37.7% 37 7 (37.7%) 60.4%, 604 60.4% 60 (60.4%) 65.3% 653 65 (65.3% 17.4%. 174 17.4% 17 (17.4%) registered civilizations 500000 500 000 500,00 BCE (CRAB 51.5 (51.5% 37.7 (37.7% 60.4 6 (60.4% 65.3 (65.3 17.4 1 (17.4% 50000 50 00 500,0 51. (51.5 37. (37.7 60. (60.4 65. (65. 17. (17.4 5000 0 500, (51. (37. (60. (65 (17. (51 (37 (60 (6 (17 (5 (3 ( (1

Abstract Objective: To assess the rate of missed postpartum appointments at a referral center for high-risk pregnancy and compare puerperal women who did and did not attend these appointments to identify related factors. Methods: This was a retrospective cross-sectional study with all women scheduled for postpartum consultations at a high-risk obstetrics service in 2018. The variables selected to compare women were personal, obstetric, and perinatal. The variables of interest were obtained from the hospital's electronic medical records. Statistical analyses were performed using the Chi-square, Fisher's exact, or Mann–Whitney tests. For the variable of the interbirth interval, a receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was used to best discriminate whether or not patients attended the postpartum consultation. The significance level for the statistical tests was 5%. Results: A total of 1,629 women scheduled for postpartum consultations in 2018 were included. The rate of missing the postpartum consultation was 34.8%. A shorter interbirth interval (p = 0.039), previous use of psychoactive substances (p = 0.027), current or former smoking (p = 0.003), and multiparity (p < 0.001) were associated with non-attendance. Conclusion: This study showed a high rate of postpartum appointment non-attendance. This is particularly relevant because it was demonstrated in a high-risk obstetric service linked to clinical severity or social vulnerability cases. This highlights the need for new approaches to puerperal women before hospital discharge and new tools to increase adherence to postpartum consultations, especially for multiparous women. Objective highrisk risk factors Methods crosssectional cross sectional personal perinatal hospitals s records Chisquare, Chisquare Chi square, square Chi-square Fishers Fisher exact MannWhitney Mann Whitney ROC (ROC 5 5% Results 1629 1 629 1,62 201 included 348 34 8 34.8% p 0.039, 0039 0.039 , 0 039 0.039) 0.027, 0027 0.027 027 0.027) 0.003, 0003 0.003 003 0.003) 0.001 0001 001 nonattendance. nonattendance non attendance. attendance non-attendance Conclusion cases 162 62 1,6 20 3 34.8 0.03 03 002 0.02 02 000 0.00 00 16 6 1, 2 34. 0.0 0.

Abstract The objective of the present study was to investigate the frequency of oral leukoplakia and oral erythroplakia among young patients from three Brazilian reference centers in Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology. A retrospective study was carried out from 2011 to 2021 on 861 patients diagnosed with oral leukoplakia and oral erythroplakia. Demographic and clinicopathological data were evaluated. Fisher’s exact test was used to evaluate the association among sex, age, anatomical location, and histopathological diagnosis. A total of 83 (9.64%) cases involved young patients (aged <40 years). Among these, biopsy records were included in 31 (37.34%) cases, all of which received a clinical diagnosis of oral leukoplakia. Seventeen (54.84%) patients were female, mostly in their fourth decade of life (n = 22/70.97%), and their mean age at diagnosis was 32.61(± 5.21) years. Among informed cases, seven (22.58%) patients were smokers. The lateral border of the tongue (n = 9/29.03%) was the most affected site. In 13 (41.94%) cases, oral leukoplakias showed a homogeneous appearance. The mean size of the lesions was 1.47 cm (0.2–3.0 cm) and the mean time of disease progression was 64.37 (± 65.90) months. The histopathological analysis showed that 11 cases (35.48%) exhibited some degree of epithelial dysplasia. Acanthosis and/or hyperkeratosis were observed in 20 cases (64.52%). No significant associations were observed between sex and anatomical location, age and anatomical location, nor between sex and histological diagnosis (p > 0.05). Oral leukoplakia and oral erythroplakia are uncommon diseases in young patients. In this population, oral leukoplakia shows a slight predilection for women aged between 30 and 39 years. Pathology 201 202 86 evaluated Fishers Fisher s location 8 9.64% 964 9 64 (9.64% 40 <4 years . years) these 3 37.34% 3734 37 34 (37.34% 54.84% 5484 54 84 (54.84% female n 22/70.97%, 227097 22/70.97% , 22 70 97 22/70.97%) 32.61± 3261 32.61 ± 32 61 32.61( 5.21 521 5 21 22.58% 2258 58 (22.58% smokers 9/29.03% 92903 29 03 site 1 41.94% 4194 41 94 (41.94% appearance 147 47 1.4 0.2–3.0 0230 0 2 (0.2–3. 6437 64.3 ( 65.90 6590 65 90 months 35.48% 3548 35 48 (35.48% dysplasia andor or 64.52%. 6452 64.52% 52 (64.52%) p 0.05. 005 0.05 05 0.05) population 9.64 96 6 (9.64 4 < 37.34 373 (37.34 54.84 548 (54.84 22709 22/70.97 7 326 32.6 5.2 22.58 225 (22.58 9/29.03 9290 41.94 419 (41.94 14 1. 0.2–3. 023 (0.2–3 643 64. 65.9 659 35.48 354 (35.48 645 64.52 (64.52% 00 0.0 9.6 (9.6 37.3 (37.3 54.8 (54.8 2270 22/70.9 32. 5. 22.5 (22.5 9/29.0 929 41.9 (41.9 0.2–3 02 (0.2– 65. 35.4 (35.4 64.5 (64.52 0. 9. (9. 37. (37. 54. (54. 227 22/70. 22. (22. 9/29. 92 41. (41. 0.2– (0.2 35. (35. (64.5 (9 (37 (54 22/70 (22 9/29 (41 0.2 (0. (35 (64. (3 (5 22/7 (2 9/2 (4 (0 (64 22/ 9/ (6

Abstract Caffeine consumption by academics, especially those in medical school, is done indiscriminately due to the need to reduce fatigue during their activities and, consequently, increasing their performance. Although it seems to be a harmless practice, it can be related to some health problems. Among these other damages are: arrhythmias, urinary incontinence, loss of appetite, nausea, increased blood pressure, insomnia and sudden death. In this context, this work evaluated cardiovascular damage associated to long-term use of caffeine based on clinical evaluation of students aged 18 years or older in a private medical college in Espírito Santo. Analysis was performed through a brief questionnaire followed by assessment of heart rate and blood pressure. The work was performed with 26 men and 69 women and an average of 70% of the population claimed to consume caffeine. It was also seen that among the students who had the greatest changes in relation to blood pressure were those who were in the 1st and 3rd years of the course. In short, no significant changes were observed in relation to caffeine consumption throughout graduation or cardiovascular impacts associated with its use. However, the evaluated individuals are mostly young and the study follow-up time was short. academics school consequently performance practice problems arrhythmias incontinence appetite nausea death context longterm long term 1 Santo 2 6 70 st rd course short However followup follow up 7

Abstract Background There is a remarkable variability in the frequency of HLA-B27 positivity in patients with spondyloarthritis (SpA), which may be associated with different clinical presentations worldwide. However, there is a lack of data considering ethnicity and sex on the evaluation of the main clinical and prognostic outcomes in mixed-race populations. The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of HLA-B27 and its correlation with disease parameters in a large population of patients from the Brazilian Registry of Spondyloarthritis (RBE). Methods The RBE is a multicenter, observational, prospective cohort that enrolled patients with SpA from 46 centers representing all five geographic regions of Brazil. The inclusion criteria were as follow: (1) diagnosis of axSpA by an expert rheumatologist; (2) age ≥18 years; (3) classification according to ASAS axial. The following data were collected via a standardized protocol: demographic data, disease parameters and treatment historical. Results A total of 1096 patients were included, with 73.4% HLA-B27 positivity and a mean age of 44.4 (±13.2) years. Positive HLA-B27 was significantly associated with male sex, earlier age at disease onset and diagnosis, uveitis, and family history of SpA. Conversely, negative HLA-B27 was associated with psoriasis, higher peripheral involvement and disease activity, worse quality of life and mobility. Conclusions Our data showed that HLA-B27 positivity was associated with a classic axSpA pattern quite similar to that of Caucasian axSpA patients around the world. Furthermore, its absence was associated with peripheral manifestations and worse outcomes, suggesting a relevant phenotypic difference in a highly miscegenated population. HLAB27 HLAB HLA B27 B HLA-B2 SpA, , (SpA) worldwide However mixedrace mixed race populations RBE. . (RBE) multicenter observational 4 Brazil follow 1 (1 rheumatologist 2 (2 18 ≥1 years 3 (3 axial protocol historical 109 included 734 73 73.4 444 44 44. ±13.2 132 13 (±13.2 uveitis Conversely psoriasis activity mobility world Furthermore HLAB2 B2 HLA-B (SpA (RBE ( ≥ 10 7 73. ±13. (±13. ±13 (±13 ±1 (±1 ± (±