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ABSTRACT Chemical acaricides are used as the primary method for controlling Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus. However, the incorrect use of these compounds over the years has led to the emergence of resistant tick populations. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of different combinations of synthetic acaricides and the essential oil of Plectranthus amboinicus on engorged females of R. (B.) microplus. Engorged females were obtained from infested bovines in dairy farms in the Agreste mesoregion of Pernambuco, Brazil. Five different combinations of commercial synthetic acaricides: I) Chlorpyrifos 30.0g + Cypermethrin 15.0g + Fenthion 15.0g; II) Chlorpyrifos 8.5g + Cypermethrin 15.0g + Ethion 16.0g; III) Deltamethrin 50.0g; IV) Amitraz 12.5g; V) Chlorpyrifos 15.0g + Cypermethrin 25.0g + Piperonyl butoxide 50.0g, and the 1% essential oil of P. amboinicus were used for the Adult Immersion Test. Only the combinations I and V of synthetic acaricides and essential oil showed efficacy over 95%. The findings of this study demonstrate that ticks’ resistant populations are present in the study area, and the essential oil of P. amboinicus is a promising compound for developing products used for tick control. Finally, it is paramount to implement educational activities to improve farmers' awareness of the rational use of acaricides. Boophilus (Boophilus microplus However R B. B (B. Pernambuco Brazil 300g g 30 0g 150g 15 II 85g 8 5g 16.0g 160g 16 III 50.0g 500g 50 IV 12.5g 125g 12 250g 25 1 P Test 95 95% ticks area control Finally farmers (B 3 5 2 9

RESUMO Os acaricidas químicos são utilizados como o principal método para controlar Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus. No entanto, o uso incorreto desses compostos ao longo dos anos levou ao surgimento de populações de carrapatos resistentes. Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar in vitro a eficácia de diferentes combinações de acaricidas sintéticos e do óleo essencial de Plectranthus amboinicus em fêmeas ingurgitadas de R. (B.) microplus. Fêmeas ingurgitadas foram obtidas de bovinos infestados, criados em fazendas leiteiras localizadas na mesorregião do Agreste do estado de Pernambuco, Brasil. Foram utilizadas cinco combinações diferentes de acaricidas sintéticos comerciais: I) Clorpirifós 30,0g + Cipermetrina 15,0g + Fention 15,0g; II) Clorpirifós 8,5g + Cipermetrina 15,0g + Etion 16,0g; III) Deltametrina 50,0g; IV) Amitraz 12,5g; V) Clorpirifós 15,0g + Cipermetrina 25,0g + Butóxido de piperonila 50,0g, e o óleo essencial de P. amboinicus a 1% para o teste de imersão de adultos. Apenas as combinações I e V de acaricidas sintéticos, juntamente com o óleo essencial, mostraram eficácia superior a 95%. Os resultados deste estudo demonstram que populações de carrapatos resistentes estão presentes na área de estudo, e o óleo essencial de P. amboinicus é uma substância promissora para o desenvolvimento de produtos utilizados no controle de carrapatos. Por fim, é fundamental a implementação de atividades educacionais para melhorar a conscientização dos produtores quanto ao uso racional de acaricidas. Boophilus (Boophilus microplus entanto R B. B (B. infestados Pernambuco Brasil comerciais 300g g 30 0g 150g 15 II 85g 8 5g 16,0g 160g 16 III 50,0g 500g 50 IV 12,5g 125g 12 250g 25 P 1 adultos 95 95% fim (B 3 5 2 9

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4162-13160

Extraction and characterization of collagen from the skin of Amazonian freshwater fish pirarucu
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Carpio, K.C.R.

; Bezerra, R.S.

; Cahú, T.B.

; Monte, F.T.D. do

; Neri, R.C.A.

; Silva, J.F. da

; Santos, P.R. dos

; Carvalho, R.P.

; Galeno, D.M.L.

; Inhamuns, A.J.

Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research

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2023, Volume 56 elocation e12564

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

The need to fully exploit fishing resources due to increasing production and consequent waste generation requires research to promote the sustainability of the fishing industry. Fish waste from the industry is responsible for relevant environmental contamination. However, these raw materials contain high amounts of collagen and other biomolecules, being attractive due to their industrial and biotechnological applicability. Thus, to reduce the waste from pirarucu (Arapaima gigas) processing, this study aimed to obtain collagen from pirarucu skin tissue. The extraction process used 0.05 M sodium hydroxide, 10% butyl alcohol, and 0.5 M acetic acid, with extraction temperature of 20°C. The obtained yield was 27.8%, and through sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), it was determined that the collagen obtained was type I. This study showed that collagen solubility was highest at pH 3 and the lowest solubility was at concentrations of 3% sodium chloride. The denaturation temperature of collagen was 38.1°C, and its intact molecular structure was observed using the Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometry technique with an absorption radius of 1. The results showed that it was possible to obtain collagen from pirarucu skin at 20°C, which has the typical characteristics of commercial type I collagen. In conclusion, the procedures used may be considered to be an interesting alternative for collagen extraction, a new product obtained from the processing of fish waste. contamination However biomolecules applicability Thus Arapaima gigas tissue 005 0 05 0.0 hydroxide 10 alcohol 5 0. acid 20C C 20 20°C 278 27 8 27.8% SDSPAGE, SDSPAGE SDS PAGE , (SDS-PAGE) chloride 381C 38 1 38.1°C conclusion 00 2 27.8 (SDS-PAGE 27.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1414-431x2023e12564

How many species of Mollusca are there in Brazil? A collective taxonomic effort to reveal this still unknown diversity Brazil
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Machado, Fabrizio M.

; Miranda, Marcel S.

; Salvador, Rodrigo B.

; Pimenta, Alexandre D.

; Côrtes, Mariana O.

; Gomes, Jaime A.J.

; Miyahira, Igor C.

; Agudo-Padrón, Ignacio

; Oliveira, Cléo D.C.

; Caetano, Carlos H.S.

; Coelho, Paulo R.S.

; D’Ávila, Sthefane

; Arruda, Eliane P. de

; Almeida, Sérgio M. de

; Gomes, Suzete R.

; Alvim, Juliana

; Galvão-Filho, Hilton

; L. Ferreira-Júnior, Augusto

; Marques, Rodrigo C.

; Martins, Inês

; Souza, Leonardo S. de

; Arruda, Janine O.

; Cavallari, Daniel C.

; Santos, Sonia B. dos

; Pedro, Natan C.

; Salles, Anna C. de A.

; Dornellas, Ana P.S.

; Lima, Tarcilla C. de

; Amaral, Vanessa S. do

; Silva, Fernanda S.

; Passos, Flávio D.

; Thiengo, Silvana S.

; Leite, Tatiana S.

; Simone, Luiz R.L.

Zoologia (Curitiba)

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2023, Volume 40 elocation e23026

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT The expression ‘you need to know to conserve’ is a well-known cliche among biologists. Documenting the richness of a group of organisms is the first step towards understanding biodiversity and preparing efficient conservation plans. In this context, many efforts have been made to quantify the number of species on Earth and estimate the number of species still unknown to science. A few countries have complete and integrated databases estimating the approximate number of species recorded for their territory, particularly in the Global South. In Brazil, a country of continental dimensions, revealing the richness of the second most diverse clade of invertebrates (=Mollusca) has been a goal of taxonomists. Recently, in an unprecedented, collective, and integrated effort among Brazilian malacologists, it was possible to estimate how many valid species of molluscs are there in Brazil. In this effort, more than 30 mollusc experts joined together to update the Taxonomic Catalogue of the Brazilian Fauna (TCBF), a governmental website that allows a quick and real-time updating of all Metazoan. So far, more than 5,000 updates have been made in TCBF, indicating the presence of 3,552 valid species of molluscs in Brazil, distributed among the main clades as follows: Caudofoveata (10 spp.), Solenogastres (6 spp.), Polyplacophora (35 spp.), Scaphopoda (43 spp.), Cephalopoda (92 spp.), Bivalvia (629 spp.) and Gastropoda (2,737 spp.). The present study, in addition to demonstrating for the first time the richness of Brazilian molluscs, also presents the state of the art of this important phylum of invertebrates highlighting its most representative and neglected groups. you conserve wellknown well known biologists plans context science territory South Brazil dimensions =Mollusca Mollusca (=Mollusca taxonomists Recently unprecedented collective malacologists 3 TCBF , (TCBF) realtime real Metazoan far 5000 5 000 5,00 3552 552 3,55 follows 10 (1 spp., spp spp. 6 ( 35 (3 43 (4 92 (9 629 (62 2,737 2737 2 737 (2,73 spp.. . study groups (TCBF 500 00 5,0 355 55 3,5 1 4 9 62 2,73 273 73 (2,7 50 0 5, 3, 2,7 27 7 (2, 2, (2

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1984-4689.v40.e23026

Prediction of live weight in beef heifers using a body volume formula
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Castillo-Sanchez, L.E.

; Canul-Solís, J.R.

; Pozo-Leyva, D.

; Camacho-Perez, E.

; Lugo-Quintal, J.M.

; Chaves-Gurgel, A.L.

; Santos, G.T.

; Ítavo, L.C.V.

; Chay-Canul, A.J.

Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia

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Dez 2022, Volume 74 Nº 6 Páginas 1127 - 1133

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO O objetivo deste estudo foi desenvolver e avaliar os modelos linear, quadrático e alométrico para predizer o peso vivo (PV), usando-se a fórmula do volume corporal (VC) em novilhas mestiças criadas no sudeste do México. O PV (426,25±117,49kg) e o VC (338,05±95,38dm3) foram medidos em 360 novilhas, com idade entre três e 30 meses. Regressões lineares e não lineares foram utilizadas para construir os modelos de predição. A adequação dos modelos foi avaliada utilizando-se o critério de informação de Akaike (AIC), o critério de informação bayesiano (BIC), o coeficiente de determinação (R2), o quadrado médio do erro (QME) e a raiz do QME (RQME). Além disso, os modelos desenvolvidos foram avaliados por meio de validação cruzada (k-folds). A capacidade dos modelos ajustados em prever os valores observados foi avaliada com base no RQME, no R2 e no erro médio absoluto (EMA). O modelo quadrático apresentou os menores valores de AIC (2688,39) e de BIC (2700,05). Por outro lado, o modelo linear apresentou os menores valores de QME (7954,74) e de RQME (89,19); esse modelo apresentou os maiores valores de AIC (2709,70) e de BIC (2717,51). Apesar disso, todos os modelos apresentaram o mesmo valor para o R2 (0,87). A avaliação de ajuste por validação cruzada (k-folds) mostrou que o modelo quadrático teve melhores valores de RQME (41,49), R2 (0,85) e EMA (31,95). Recomenda-se o modelo quadrático para predição do peso vivo de novilhas de corte mestiças utilizando-se o volume corporal como preditor.

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to develop and evaluate linear, quadratic, and allometric models to predict live weight (LW) using the body volume formula (BV) in crossbred heifers raised in southeastern Mexico. The LW (426.25±117.49kg) and BV (338.05±95.38 dm3) were measured in 360 heifers aged between 3 and 30 months. Linear and non-linear regression were used to construct prediction models. The goodness-of-fit of the models was evaluated using the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC), Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC), coefficient of determination (R2), mean squared error (MSE), and root MSE (RMSE). In addition, the developed models were evaluated through cross-validation (k-folds). The ability of the fitted models to predict the observed values was evaluated based on the RMSEP, R2, and mean absolute error (MAE). The quadratic model had the lowest values of AIC (2688.39) and BIC (2700.05). On the other hand, the linear model showed the lowest values of MSE (7954.74) and RMSE (89.19), and the highest values of AIC (2709.70) and BIC (2717.51). Despite this, all models presented the same R2 value (0.87). The cross-validation (k-folds) evaluation of fit showed that the quadratic model had better values of MSEP (41.49), R2 (0.85), and MAE (31.95). We recommend the quadratic model to predictive of the crossbred beef heifers' live weight using the body volume as the predictor.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4162-12886

The influence of season, environment, sex, and body mass on biochemical profile of the freshwater turtle Phrynops geoffroanus (Schweigger, 1812)
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Pulcherio, R.S.L.

; Rocha, M.N.A.

; Barros, R.V.P. de

; Brito, E.S.

; Santos, D.P.

; Mendonça, A.J.

; Strüssmann, C.

; Ferraz, R.H.S.

Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia

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Out 2022, Volume 74 Nº 5 Páginas 841 - 852

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Analisou-se a influência da estação, do ambiente e do sexo, assim como a relação da massa corporal (BM) nos níveis sorológicos de albumina (ALB), aspartato aminotransferase (AST), creatinina (C), creatina quinase (CK), fósforo (P), cálcio total (tCa), sólidos totais (TS), ureia (U), ácido úrico (UA), relação cálcio:fósforo (Ca:P), e do valor da globulina (GV) de Phrynops geoffroanus da área urbana de Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brasil. A modelagem dos parâmetros bioquímicos foi realizada utilizando-se os modelos aditivos generalizados para locação, escala e forma (GAMLSS) para verificar a influência das variáveis consideradas neste estudo em cada um dos parâmetros bioquímicos analisados. A estação sazonal influenciou os níveis de AST, CK, C, tCa, Ca:P e UA. O ambiente foi capaz de influenciar tCa, Ca:P, U e UA. Por outro lado, CK, tCa, P, Ca:P e U diferiram significativamente entre machos e fêmeas. Em relação à BM, observou-se relação dessa variável com CK, C, tCa, P, U, UA e Ca:P. Concluiu-se que a estação sazonal, o ambiente, o sexo e a massa corporal são capazes de influenciar os parâmetros bioquímicos de P. geoffroanus e que esses fatores devem ser rotineiramente considerados na interpretação dos resultados laboratoriais.

ABSTRACT We analyzed the influence of the season, the environment, and the sex, as well as the relation of body mass (BM) in the serum albumin (ALB), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), creatinine (C), creatine kinase (CK), phosphorus (P), total calcium (tCa), total protein (TP), urea (U), uric acid (UA), calcium:phosphorus ratio (Ca:P), and the globulin value (GV) of thirty individuals of Phrynops geoffroanus of the urban area of Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, Brazil. The modeling of biochemical parameters was performed using the Generalized Additive Models for Location, Scale and Shape (GAMLSS) to verify the influence of variables considered in this study on each of the biochemical parameters analyzed. The season influenced AST, CK, C, tCa, Ca:P and UA. The environment influenced tCa, Ca:P, U and UA. On the other hand, CK, tCa, P, Ca:P and U differed significantly between males and females. Regarding the BM, a relationship of this variable was observed with CK, C, tCa, P, U, UA and Ca:P. We concluded that the season, environment, sex, and body mass can influence the biochemical parameters of P. geoffroanus, and these factors should be routinely considered in the interpretation of laboratory results.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4162-12726

The use of Enzymes in Meat Quail Diets Containing Sunflower Seed Cake
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CORDEIRO, CARLA N.

; FREITAS, EDNARDO R.

; NEPOMUCENO, RAFAEL C.

; PINHEIRO, SARAH G.

; SOUZA, DAVYD H.

; SANTOS, EDIBERGUE O.

; MELO, MARCELLE C.A. DE

; SILVA, ANNA KAYLLYNY O.

; NASCIMENTO, GERMANO A.J. DO

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2022, Volume 94 Nº 4 elocation e20200138

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract We examined the effects of including sunflower cake (SC) associated with an enzyme complex (EC) in the diet of meat quails on nutrient metabolism, performance, carcass characteristics, bone parameters and economic viability. In total, 432 meat quails (7 to 42 days old) were assigned to six treatments in a completely randomised design with 6 replicates with 12 birds each. A 2 × 3 factorial arrangement was adopted (two levels of SC: 10 and 20%; three diet formulation strategies: normal, reduction in the nutrient and energy matrix considering the enzymatic contribution and reduced diet with EC). No interaction effect was observed. The increased levels of SC from 10% to 20% promoted in decrease in the metabolisability coefficients of dry matter and gross energy and in the value of AMEn and increased relative weight of gizzard. The addition of EC in diets containing SC allows a better metabolization of nitrogen and energy, equalize to the normal diet. The best breast yield was obtained in the birds fed the reduced diet with EC, in relation to normal diet. The reduced diet and the reduced diet with EC provided the lowest cost of food and the best economic efficiency index. Up to 20% of the sunflower cake can be included in the diet of cut quail, with or without enzyme supplementation. However, the use of the enzyme complex composed of carbohydrases, proteases and phytase can favor the metabolization of nitrogen and energy from the diet containing sunflower cake.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202220200138

Calcium anacardate as source of anacardic acid in laying Japanese quail diet
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DOS SANTOS, REBECA C.

; FREITAS, EDNARDO R.

; NEPOMUCENO, RAFAEL C.

; LIMA, RAFFAELLA C.

; MONTEIRO, NAYANNA C.

; DA SILVA, CLEANE P.

; DO NASCIMENTO, GERMANO A.J.

; WATANABE, PEDRO H.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2022, Volume 94 Nº 1 elocation e20190410

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Anacardic acid is naturally found in various parts of the cashew tree (Anacardium occidentale L.) and marketed as calcium anacardate. This product has antibacterial, antifungal and antioxidant activity, and has been used in humans in the treatment and prevention of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and tumors. In meat and egg production systems, anacardic acid is used as a substitute for growth-promoting antibiotics. The study objective was to evaluate effects of adding calcium anacardate as source of anacardic acid in laying Japanese quail diet on bird performance and eggs quality. A total of 252 Japanese quail with 22 week-old were studied, using a completely randomized design composed of six treatments with six replicates and seven quails per experimental unit. Treatments applied were: diet without growth promoter; diet with 0,1% growth promoter; and four diets without growth promoter and addition of 0.25; 0.50; 0.75 and 1.0% calcium anacardate (CA), respectively. The data were submitted to analysis of variance and treatment means compared with a SNK test (5%). The data from treatments containing CA were submitted to regression analysis. Treatments did not influence feed intake, egg production, egg weight, egg volume, feed conversion ratio and eggs quality parameters. The addition up to 1% of calcium anacardate in laying Japanese quail diet, does not influence their performance and egg quality.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202220190410

Influência da adiposidade durante a gestação de éguas da raça Crioula sobre o acúmulo de gordura em seus potros
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Kasinger, S.

; Brasil, C.L.

; Santos, A.C.

; Vieira, P.S.

; Torres, A.J.

; Nogueira, C.E.W.

; Roll, V.F.B.

Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia

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Abr 2020, Volume 72 Nº 2 Páginas 411 - 418

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Este trabalho investigou a influência da adiposidade em éguas Crioulas gestantes sobre o peso e o acúmulo de gordura de seus potros do nascimento aos quatro meses de vida. Foram avaliadas 28 éguas Crioulas no terço final de gestação, divididas em dois grupos (normais e obesas) quanto ao peso, à circunferência de pescoço, à altura da crista do pescoço e à gordura subcutânea na base da cauda, bem como quanto à relação dessas medidas com as de seus potros, do parto aos 120 dias de idade. Os filhos de éguas obesas apresentaram maior deposição de gordura na base da cauda, no segundo mês (P<0,05), e na crista do pescoço (P=0,0022), no quarto mês de idade. Houve correlação positiva da altura da crista do pescoço da égua com o peso dos potros ao nascer (P=0,01; r= 0,54) e do peso corporal das éguas com gordura na base da cauda dos potros ao nascimento (P=0,03; r=0,49), além de forte associação entre gordura na base da cauda das éguas obesas com essa medida nos seus potros aos quatro meses (P=0,01; r=0,71). Essa diferença entre os grupos de potros quanto à adiposidade sugere que filhos de éguas obesas são mais propensos a acumular mais gordura já nos primeiros meses de vida.

ABSTRACT This work investigated the influence of adiposity on pregnant Crioulo mares on the weight and fat deposition of their foals from birth to four months of life. Twenty-eight Crioulo mares were evaluated during the final third of gestation, divided into two groups (normal and obese) regarding weight, neck circumference, neck crest height and fat at the tail base, and the relation of these measurements with those of their foals from birth to 120 days old. The obese mares presented higher fat deposition at the tail base in the 2nd month (P< 0.05) and crest of the neck (P= 0.0022) in the 4th month of age. There was positive correlation between height of mare's neck crest and foal weight at birth (P= 0.01, r= 0.54) and body weight of mares between the fat at tail base of foals at birth (P= 0.03, r= 0.49), as well as strong association between fat at the tail base in obese mares with this measurement in their foals at 4 months (P= 0.01, r= 0.71). This difference of adiposity between groups suggests that obese mare’s offspring are more likely to accumulate more fat in the first months of life.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4162-11194 745 downloads

Treatment with zolpidem after ethanol administration potentiates the expression of ethanol-induced behavioral sensitization in mice
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Brandão, N.R.N.

; Libarino-Santos, M.

; Marinho, E.A.V.

; Oliveira, T.S.

; Borges, A.L.N.

; Oliveira, A.P.

; Oliveira-Campos, D.

; Azevedo-Souza, N.

; Santos, V.F.L.

; Berro, L.F.

; Oliveira-Lima, A.J.

Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research

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2020, Volume 53 Nº 8 elocation e10034

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Contradictory findings suggest that the behavioral and abuse-related effects of ethanol are mediated by its action at α1 subunit-containing GABAA (α1GABAA) receptors. In the present study, we investigated the effects of a sub-chronic post-ethanol administration treatment with zolpidem, an α1-preferring positive allosteric modulator at GABAA receptors, on the subsequent expression of ethanol-induced behavioral sensitization in mice. Animals received ethanol (1.8 g/kg, ip) or saline treatments every other day for 15 days (8 treatment sessions) and were subsequently treated with zolpidem (0.5 mg/kg, ip) or vehicle 4 times on alternate days. At the end of the treatment phase, animals were challenged with saline or ethanol on separate days for the evaluation of the expression of conditioned locomotion and behavioral sensitization. Eight-day treatment with ethanol did not lead to the development of ethanol-induced behavioral sensitization. Animals treated with ethanol and subsequently administered vehicle showed similar locomotion frequencies during the last ethanol challenge compared to the control group receiving ethanol for the first time. Animals treated with ethanol and subsequently administered zolpidem expressed behavioral sensitization to ethanol during the ethanol challenge. The present study adds to the literature by providing further evidence of a role of α1GABAA receptors on the behavioral effects of ethanol. Because of the current highly prevalent co-abuse of ethanol and benzodiazepine drugs in humans, the use of zolpidem and other α1GABAA receptor ligands during ethanol withdrawal should be monitored carefully.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1414-431x202010034 660 downloads

10.

Phytochemical Profile of Pasture Weeds from the Brazilian Cerrado
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RODRIGUES, D.A.

; PEREIRA, G.A.M.

; SILVA, A.A.

; SANTOS, M.H.

; DEMUNER, A.J.

; OLIVEIRA, P.M.

Planta Daninha

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2019, Volume 37 elocation e019181108

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO: A grande diversidade de espécies vegetais nas pastagens do cerrado brasileiro com características ecofisilógicas diferenciadas indica a possibilidade de encontrar no conteúdo celular dessa flora compostos químicos com potencial para uso na agricultura, saúde humana e animal. Para comprovação dessa hipótese, serão necessárias três etapas: a prospecção fitoquímica, a caracterização dos metabólitos secundários e os estudos sobre as atividades biológicas desses metabólitos presentes nessas plantas. Nesta pesquisa foi traçado o perfil químico dos metabólitos secundários presentes em cinco espécies do cerrado brasileiro (Davilla elliptica, Remijia ferrugínea, Luehea paniculata, Anacardium occidentale e Acosmium dasycarpum). A coleta das plantas foi realizada em áreas de pastagem do município de Felício dos Santos, Minas Gerais. As amostras foram secas e submetidas a dois tipos de extrato (etanólico e hexânico). Empregando reações químicas específicas, constatou-se nos extratos hexânicos a presença de cumarinas, triterpenos/esteroides, e antracenosídeos e, nos extratos etanólicos, de alcaloides, triterpenos/esteroides, flavonoides, taninos, compostos redutores e antocianinas. As espécies apresentaram diversificadas classes de compostos. Entretanto, em todas as espécies foram encontrados triterpenos/esteroides, taninos, compostos redutores e antocianinas, sendo o emprego do solvente etanol o mais eficiente na extração dos compostos. A espécie D. elliptica foi a que apresentou o maior número de classes de compostos. Considerando a sua ampla aplicação na medicina popular, justificam-se novos estudos sobre atividade biológica dos diferentes metabólitos nas áreas agrícola e da saúde.

ABSTRACT: The great diversity of plant species in pastures of the Brazilian Cerrado with distinct ecophysiological characteristics indicates the possibility of finding, in the cellular content of this flora, chemical compounds with potential for use in agriculture and human and animal health. Three steps are necessary to prove this hypothesis: phytochemical prospecting, characterization of secondary metabolites, and studies on the biological activities of these metabolites present in these plants. The chemical profile of secondary metabolites present in five species of the Brazilian Cerrado (Davilla elliptica, Remijia ferruginea, Luehea paniculata, Anacardium occidentale, and Acosmium dasycarpum) was traced in this research. These plant species were collected in pasture areas of Felício dos Santos, Minas Gerais. The samples were dried and submitted to two types of extract (ethanolic and hexanic). By using specific chemical reactions, the presence of coumarins, triterpenes/steroids, and anthracenosides was observed in the hexanic extracts, while the presence of alkaloids, triterpenes/steroids, flavonoids, tannins, reducing compounds, and anthocyanins was observed in the ethanolic extracts. The species presented diverse classes of compounds. However, triterpenes/steroids, tannins, reducing compounds and anthocyanins were found in all species, being the use of the solvent ethanol the most efficient in extracting the compounds. The species D. elliptica presented the highest number of classes of compounds. The widespread application in folk medicine justifies further studies on the biological activity of different metabolites in agriculture and health areas.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s0100-83582019370100028 1636 downloads

11.

BEEF TALLOW AND EMULSIFIER IN GROWING-FINISHING PIG DIETS
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SANTOS, KASSIA M.

; WATANABE, PEDRO H.

; FREITAS, EDNARDO R.

; NEPOMUCENO, RAFAEL C.

; OLIVEIRA, PAULA J.D.

; LIMA, VIRGÍNIA M.

; RODRIGUES, BÁRBARA B.V.

; NASCIMENTO, GERMANO A.J. DO

; CARVALHO, LUIZ E. DE

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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Jun 2017, Volume 89 Nº 2 Páginas 1221 - 1230

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Two trials were aimed to evaluate beef tallow in diets with and without emulsifier on performance of pigs at growing-finishing phases. In the first trial, 15 barrows (22.03±0.62 kg) were distributed among three treatments: reference diet; test diet 1 (5% beef tallow) and test diet 2 (10% beef tallow). Beef tallow presented average value of 7130.97 kcal ME/kg. For the performance trail, 30 barrows (24.85±1.18 kg) were distributed among five treatments: T1 - diet with soybean oil and 3230 kcal ME /kg; T2 - diet with beef tallow and 3230 kcal ME/kg; T3 - diet with beef tallow and 3080 kcal ME/kg; T4 - diet with beef tallow, 3080 kcal/kg and 0.1% emulsifier; T5 - diet with beef tallow, 2930 kcal ME/kg and 0.1% emulsifier. Feed conversion was worse in animals fed diet with 3080 kcal ME/kg containing beef tallow and with 2930 kcal ME/kg with beef tallow and emulsifier. For economic availability, animals fed diet with beef tallow and 3230 kcal ME/kg and those fed diet with 3080 kcal ME/kg containing beef tallow and emulsifier, did not differ from animals fed diet with soybean oil, which enables the reduction up to 150 kcal ME/kg be compensated by emulsifier addition.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765201720160500 1700 downloads

12.

Effect of Syzygium cumini leaves on laying hens performance and egg quality
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FREITAS, EDNARDO R.

; FERNANDES, DANILO R.

; SOUZA, DAVYD H.

; DANTAS, FRANCISCO D.T.

; SANTOS, REBECA C.

; OLIVEIRA, GILSON B.

; CRUZ, CARLOS EDUARDO B.

; BRAZ, NÁDIA M.

; CÂMARA, LORENA F.

; NASCIMENTO, GERMANO A.J.

; WATANABE, PEDRO H.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2017, Volume 89 Nº 3 Páginas 2479 - 2484

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of Syzygium cumini leaves (SCL) in laying hens diets on productive performance, egg quality and lipid oxidation of yolk. A total of 108 Hysex White laying hens were distributed in a completely randomized design with three treatments and six replicates of six birds each. The treatments consisted of SCL inclusion at dietary levels of 0, 5 and 10 g/kg. There was no significant effect of SCL inclusion on feed intake, laying percentage, weight and egg mass, feed conversion ratio, Haugh units, specific gravity, percentage of yolk, albumen and egg shells and shell thickness. However, the inclusion of SCL significantly influenced the yolk color and yolk lipid oxidation measured by TBARS values. Yolk color increased and TBARS values decreased with the inclusion of SCL. The inclusion of SCL in laying hens diets improves pigmentation and lipid stability of yolk.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765201720150317 1417 downloads

13.

Osteoblastoma del hueso ganchoso
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Repáraz Padrós, F.J.

; Eraso Lara, I.

; Garbayo Marturet, A.J.

; Tejero Ibáñez, A.

; Castaño Serrano, A.

; Panizo Santos, A.

Anales del Sistema Sanitario de Navarra

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Dez 2016, Volume 39 Nº 3 Páginas 433 - 437

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Osteoblastoma is an infrequent primary osseous tumour. Its presentation in the upper extremities and more specifically in the carpal bones is unusual. We present a case of osteoblastoma localized in the hamate bone and review the treatment realized in this infrequent localization. A young male patient with pain and swelling in the back of his hand of one year's evolution, resistant to medical treatment. Complementary tests showed lytic tumefaction in the hamate bone with non-aggressive characteristics. It was treated by curettage and filling the iliac crest with autologous graft. The pathological anatomical study diagnosed that it was a case of osteoblastoma. The result was satisfactory, with total disappearance of the pain and a radiological image of complete restitution of the osseous defect, with no signs of recurrence after 4 years. The treatment should be curettage plus autologous graft. Conversely, resection of the affected bone can be considered in cases with aggressive data.

El osteoblastoma es un tumor óseo primario poco frecuente. Su presentación en la extremidad superior y más específicamente en los huesos carpianos es inusual. Se presenta un caso de osteoblastoma localizado en el hueso ganchoso y ser revisa el tratamiento realizado en esta infrecuente localización. Paciente varón joven con dolor y tumefacción en el dorso de la mano de un año de evolución, refractario al tratamiento médico. Las pruebas complementarias mostraron una tumoración lítica en el hueso ganchoso con características no agresivas. Fue tratado mediante curetaje y relleno con injerto autólogo de cresta ilíaca. El estudio de anatomía patológica diagnosticó que se trataba de un osteoblastoma. El resultado fue satisfactorio, con desaparición total del dolor e imagen radiológica de restitución completa del defecto óseo, sin signos de recidiva a los 4 años. El tratamiento debe ser el curetaje más injerto autólogo. En cambio, en los casos con datos agresivos se puede plantear la resección del hueso afectado.

3080 downloads

14.

Vernonanthura polyanthes leaves aqueous extract enhances doxorubicin genotoxicity in somatic cells of Drosophila melanogaster and presents no antifungal activity against Candida spp.
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Guerra-Santos, I. J.

; Rocha, J. D.

; Vale, C. R.

; Sousa, W. C.

; Teles, A. M.

; Chen-Chen, L.

; Carvalho, S.

; Bailão, E. F. L. C.

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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Dez 2016, Volume 76 Nº 4 Páginas 928 - 936

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Vernonanthura polyanthes (Spreng.) A.J. Vega & Dematt. (Asteraceae), conhecida como “assa-peixe”, tem sido utilizada na medicina popular para o tratamento de várias doenças, como bronquite, pneumonia, hemoptise, tosse persistente, abcessos internos, afecções gástricas e cálculo renal. Além disso, alguns estudos já demonstraram que espécies do Gênero Vernonia apresentam atividade antifúngica. Devido à relevância biológica dessa espécie, o objetivo deste estudo foi investigar os efeitos citotóxico, genotóxico, antigenotóxico e antifúngico do extrato aquoso das folhas de V. polyanthes em células somáticas de Drosophila melanogaster ou contra Candida spp. O extrato aquoso da planta não apresentou atividade citotóxica, genotóxica e antigenotóxica nas condições experimentais testadas usando o teste de recombinação e mutação somática em asa (SMART-asa). No entanto, quando o extrato foi associado com a doxorrubicina, utilizada neste trabalho como controle positivo, o potencial mutagênico da doxorrubicina foi potencializado, aumentando o número de mutações em células somáticas de D. melanogaster. Por outro lado, nenhuma atividade inibitória contra Candida spp. foi observada utilizando o extrato aquoso das folhas de V. polyanthes por meio do método de difusão em ágar. Mais estudos são necessários para desvendar os componentes presentes no extrato aquoso das folhas de V. polyanthes que possam contribuir para potencializar a genotoxicidade da doxorrubicina.

Abstract Vernonanthura polyanthes (Spreng.) A.J. Vega & Dematt. (Asteraceae), known as “assa-peixe”, has been used in ethnomedicine for the treatment of various diseases such as bronchitis, pneumonia, hemoptysis, persistent cough, internal abscesses, gastric and kidney stone pain. Moreover, some studies demonstrated that species of Genus Vernonia present antifungal activity. Due to the biological relevance of this species, the aim of this study was to investigate the toxic, genotoxic, antigenotoxic and antifungal potential of V. polyanthes leaves aqueous extract in somatic cells of Drosophila melanogaster or against Candida spp. The aqueous extract of the plant showed no toxic, genotoxic and antigenotoxic activity in the experimental conditions tested using the wing somatic mutation and recombination test (SMART/wing). However, when the extract was associated with doxorubicin, used in this work as a positive control, the mutagenic potential of doxorubicin was enhanced, increasing the number of mutations in D. melanogaster somatic cells. In the other hand, no inhibitory activity against Candida spp. was observed for V. polyanthes leaves aqueous extract using agar-well diffusion assay. More studies are necessary to reveal the components present in the V. polyanthes leaves aqueous extract that could contribute to potentiate the doxorubicin genotoxicity.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.04615 1794 downloads

15.

Live performance, carcass quality, and economic assessment of over 100kg slaughtered pigs
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Oliveira, E.A.

; Bertol, T.M.

; Coldebela, A.

; Santos Filho, J.I.

; Scandolera, A.J.

; Warpechowski, M.B.

Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia

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Dez 2015, Volume 67 Nº 6 Páginas 1743 - 1750

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO A evolução das linhagens sintéticas de suínos propiciou a obtenção de animais com potencial máximo de deposição proteica em pesos superiores; entretanto o peso ótimo de abate dessas linhagens não é conhecido. O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar o desempenho, características de carcaça e avaliação econômica de 417 suínos da linhagem Agroceres PIC abatidos com 100, 115, 130 e 145kg de peso vivo. Os suínos foram criados em baias com 10-11 machos ou fêmeas, com fornecimento programado de 2,8kg de ração por animal, por dia, a partir de 80kg até os pesos de abate (PA) de 99.65±0.82kg, 118.53±0.98kg, 133.97±1.17kg, e 143.90±1.24. Não houve interação entre sexo e PA (P>0,05). A espessura de toucinho, área de gordura e área de olho de lombo aumentaram linearmente com o PA (P<0,001; R² entre 70,12 e 77,44%), e o rendimento de carcaça aumentou de forma quadrática (P<0,001; R²=24,66%). A porcentagem de carne magra não foi afetada (P>0.05) e a conversão alimentar (R²=43,29%) apresentou discreta piora linear com o PA (P<0,001), mas o efeito sobre o custo de produção (R$/Kg) foi quadrático, com ponto de mínima aos 134,85kg. Conclui-se que, com o manejo utilizado, a elevação do PA resulta em aumento na quantidade de carne produzida sem alteração no seu rendimento e apresenta pouco efeito sobre o desempenho.

Recent genetic improvement has developed pigs with maximum potential for protein deposit at higher weights; however, their optimal slaughter weight still needs to be determined. The objective of the study was to evaluate live performance, carcass traits, and economic viability of 417 Agroceres PIC pigs slaughtered with 100, 115, 130, and 145kg live weight. Pigs were reared in pens with 10-11 barrows and gilts each, offered a feed allowance of 2.8kg/pig/day until the following slaughter weights (SW): 99.65±0.82kg, 118.53±0.98kg, 133.97±1.17kg, and 143.90±1.24. There was no interaction between sex and SW (P>0.05). Backfat thickness, fat area, and loin eye area linearly increased with SW (P<0.001; R2: 70.12-77.44%), and carcass yield increased in a quadratic manner (P<0.001; R²=24.66%). Lean yield was not affected (P>0.05), and feed conversion ratio (R²=43.29%) linearly worsened with SW (P<0.001), but the effect of SW on live production cost (R$/kg) was quadratic, with the minimum point at 134.8kg. It was concluded that, under the applied management, increasing SW results in larger amount of lean tissue with no change in its yield and little effect on growth performance.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4162-7632 1965 downloads

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