ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the effect of early active mobilization (EAM) compared to active usual care (AUC) in critically ill adult subjects regarding muscle strength and functional status. Materials and methods: A systematic review with meta-analysis were conducted. Randomized clinical trials comparing EAM with AUC in subjects >18 years of age, of both sexes, in critical condition during or after the period of mechanical ventilation in the intensive care unit (ICU) were included. The search was performed in the Cochrane, Medline/Pubmed, Embase (Elsevier), SciELO, LILACS/BVS, www.controlled-trials.com/, clinicaltrials.gov/, and www.who.int/ictrp/en/ databases. Bias risk was assessed using the RoB 1 tool. A qualitative and quantitative synthesis (meta-analysis) of the results was generated. Registration: OSF: https://bit.ly/430fF72. Results: Seven studies were included in this review, comprising a total of 1905 subjects. The majority of subjects were male (57 %) and aged between 54 and 66 years. The reported outcomes showed low certainty of evidence, according to the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) system. In the meta-analysis of functional status at hospital discharge, a favorable effect was observed in the EAM group, with a standardized mean difference of 0.26 (95 % CI 0.11 - 0.41) and low heterogeneity (I2 = 0 %). Conclusion: With low certainty of evidence, the effect of EAM on critically ill adult subjects in the ICU may improve functional status at hospital discharge compared to AUC.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Evaluar el efecto de la movilización activa temprana (MAT) en comparación con el cuidado habitual activo (CHA) en sujetos adultos críticamente enfermos respecto de la fuerza muscular y del estado funcional. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó una revisión sistemática con metaanálisis. Se incluyeron ensayos clínicos aleatorizados que compararon la MAT con el CHA en sujetos >18 años, de ambos sexos, en estado crítico durante o después del período de ventilación mecánica en la unidad de cuidados intensivos (UCI). La búsqueda se realizó en las bases de datos Cochrane, Medline/Pubmed, Embase (Elsevier), SciELO, LILACS/BVS, www.controlled-trials.com/, clinicaltrials.gov/ y www.who.int/ictrp/en/. Se analizó el riesgo de sesgo mediante la herramienta RoB 1. Se generó una síntesis cualitativa y cuantitativa (metaanálisis) de los resultados. Registro: OSF: https://bit.ly/430fF72. Resultados: Se incluyeron siete estudios, con un total de 1905 sujetos. La mayoría de los sujetos eran del sexo masculino (57 %) y tenían entre 54 y 66 años. Los desenlaces reportados mostraron baja certeza de evidencia, según la Clasificación de la valoración, desarrollo y evaluación de las recomendaciones (GRADE, por sus siglas en inglés). En el metaanálisis del estado funcional al alta hospitalaria, se observó un efecto a favor del grupo MAT, con una diferencia de medias estandarizada de 0,26 (IC 95 % 0,11 - 0,41) y baja heterogeneidad (I2 = 0 %). Conclusión: Con una baja certeza de evidencia, el efecto de la MAT en sujetos adultos críticamente enfermos en la UCI podría mejorar el estado funcional al alta hospitalaria en comparación con el CHA.

ABSTRACT Objective: To perform a cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the Fear and Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire (FABQ) for Argentine subjects with low back pain (LBP) and to report the psychometric properties of reliability, validity, and interpretability. Materials and method: An observational, prospective, and longitudinal study was conducted. Spanish-speaking Argentine residents aged 18 years or older with LBP were consecutively included. The study comprised an adaptation phase followed by a validation phase. Subjects were evaluated on the day of study admission (T1) and 48 to 72 hours later (T2). A global change scale was used as an external anchor to assess clinical stability. Results: Seventy-four subjects were eligible. The mean FABQ total score was 50.24 (SD 20.64). The internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha) was 0.85 (95 % CI 0.79 - 0.91). Test-retest reliability was acceptable, with an intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.765 (95 % CI 0.61 - 0.86). The standard error of measurement was 4.85 points, and the minimum detectable change (95 %) was 13.45. The median time for subjects to complete the questionnaire was 3.86 minutes (IQR 3.44 - 4.85), and the mean time to score it was 24.40 seconds (SD 13.77). No floor or ceiling effect was found. Conclusion: The Argentine version of the FABQ is a valid, reliable, and feasible questionnaire for assessing fear and avoidance beliefs in subjects with LBP.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Realizar una adaptación transcultural y validación del cuestionario de creencias de miedo y evitación (FABQ, por sus siglas en inglés) para sujetos argentinos con dolor lumbar (DL) y reportar las propiedades psicométricas de confiabilidad, validez e interpretabilidad. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional, prospectivo y longitudinal. Se incluyeron de forma consecutiva residentes argentinos hispanohablantes mayores de 18 años con DL. El estudio comprendió una fase de adaptación, seguida de una fase de validación. Los sujetos fueron evaluados el día de su admisión al estudio (T1) y 48 a 72 horas después (T2). Se utilizó una escala global de cambio como anclaje externo para evaluar la estabilidad clínica. Resultados: Fueron elegibles 74 sujetos. La media de la puntuación total del FABQ fue de 50,24 (DE 20,64). La consistencia interna (alfa de Cronbach) fue de 0,85 (IC 95 % 0,79 - 0,91). La confiabilidad test-retest fue aceptable, con un coeficiente de correlación intraclase de 0,765 (IC 95 % 0,61 - 0,86). El error estándar de medición fue de 4,85 puntos, y el cambio mínimo detectable (95 %) fue de 13,45. La mediana de tiempo para que los sujetos completen el cuestionario fue de 3,86 minutos (RIQ 3,44 - 4,85), y la media de tiempo para puntuarlo fue de 24,40 segundos (DE 13,77). No se observó efecto suelo o techo. Conclusión: El FABQ en su versión argentina es un cuestionario válido, confiable y viable para evaluar las creencias de miedo y evitación en sujetos con DL.

ABSTRACT This study aimed to calibrate and test the SARRA-H (Système d’Analyse Régionale des Risques Agroclimatologiques) crop model for cowpea, as well as conducting a climate risk zoning for this crop in a region located in Eastern Amazon, allowing the identification of locations and sowing dates that favor the production considering both the water deficit and the probability of occurrence of severe rains during the harvest period. The model was calibrated and validated with data from experiments conducted between 2013 and 2016 in the municipality of Castanhal, PA, Brazil. Low climate risk areas were defined as those that had a water requirement satisfaction index (WRSI) greater than or equal to 0.5 in the reproductive phase combined with the occurrence of rainfall below 20 mm at the harvest for, at least, 80% of the years for which planting was simulated. The model was able to simulate the water balance, growth and development of cowpea under the climate and soil conditions of the studied location with high precision and accuracy. The optimal period for sowing cowpea comprises the interval between June 5th and 25th for regions located above 2° S and between March 25th and April 15th for regions below 2º S. SARRAH SARRA H Système dAnalyse d Analyse Agroclimatologiques Amazon 201 Castanhal PA Brazil WRSI (WRSI 05 0 5 0. 2 least 80 simulated balance accuracy th º 8

RESUMO Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo calibrar e testar o modelo de cultura SARRA-H (Système d’Analyse Régionale des Risques Agroclimatologiques) para o caupi, bem como realizar o zoneamento de risco climático para esta cultura em uma região localizada na Amazônia Oriental, a fim de permitir a identificação de locais e datas de semeadura que favoreçam a produção considerando tanto o déficit hídrico como a probabilidade de ocorrência de chuvas severas durante o período da colheita. O modelo foi calibrado e validado com dados de experimentos realizados entre 2013 e 2016 no município de Castanhal, PA. As áreas de baixo risco climático foram definidas como aquelas que apresentaram índice de satisfação da necessidade hídrica (WRSI) maior ou igual a 0,5 na fase reprodutiva combinado com a ocorrência de chuvas abaixo de 20 mm na colheita por, pelo menos, 80% dos anos onde foi simulado o plantio. O modelo foi capaz de simular o balanço hídrico, crescimento e desenvolvimento do feijão-caupi nas condições climáticas e de solo da região estudada com boa precisão e exatidão. O período de ótima semeadura para o feijão-caupi compreende o intervalo entre 5 e 25 de junho para regiões localizadas acima de 2° S, e entre 25 de março e 15 de abril para regiões abaixo de 2º S. SARRAH SARRA H Système dAnalyse d Analyse Agroclimatologiques caupi Oriental 201 Castanhal PA WRSI (WRSI 05 0 0, 2 por menos 80 plantio feijãocaupi feijão exatidão S 1 º 8

Abstract Objective: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. Diagnosis is based on the Mc-Donalds criteria, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies, and the expanded disability status scale (EDSS) which assesses disease progression. These criteria do not include the recently described cortical lesions. The aim of the study was to describe the most frequent location and morphology of cortical lesions in patients with MS in Puebla, Mexico. Methods: A descriptive, retrospective, cross-sectional, and analytical study was conducted on patients with MS at a tertiary care hospital. Patients diagnosed with relapsing-remitting, secondary-progressive, and progressive-relapsing MS variants with cranial magnetic resonance imaging were included in the study. Age, sex, MS variant, EDSS score, cognitive impairment, annual relapse rate, morphology, location, and number of cortical lesions were evaluated. Descriptive statistics were used. To compare features between groups, the χ2 test was used, and for correlations, the Spearman's Correlation Coefficient was used. A p ≤ 0.05 was considered significant. Results: Twenty-five patients met the selection criteria. The most frequent location of cortical lesions was the parietal region 84%, and the second was the temporal region 16%. The most common morphology was juxtacortical at 64% and mixed at 36%. The most frequent variant of MS was relapsing-remitting, present in 92%, and 8% had the secondary progressive variant. In the EDSS scale, the scores most frequently observed were 0.0 and 3.5. Conclusions: The most frequent location of cortical lesions was in the parietal region, and the most common morphology was juxtacortical.

Resumen Objetivo: La esclerosis múltiple es una enfermedad desmielinizante inflamatoria crónica del sistema nervioso central. El diagnóstico se basa en los criterios de Mc-Donalds, los estudios de Resonancia Magnética y la Escala Expandida del Estado de Discapacidad (EDSS) que evalúa la progresión de la enfermedad. Estos criterios no incluyen las lesiones corticales descritas recientemente. Describir la localización y morfología más frecuente de lesiones corticales en pacientes con esclerosis múltiple en Puebla, México. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo, transversal y analítico en pacientes con esclerosis múltiple en un hospital de tercer nivel de atención. Se incluyeron pacientes con diagnóstico de Esclerosis Múltiple con variantes Remitente-Recurrente, Secundaria-Progresiva y Progresiva-Recurrente con resonancia magnética de cráneo. Se evaluó edad, sexo, variante de esclerosis múltiple, puntaje de EDSS, deterioro cognitivo, tasa de recaída anual, morfología, ubicación y numero de lesiones corticales. Se utilizó estadística descriptiva. Para comparar características entre grupos se utilizó χ2, para correlaciones se utilizó Coeficiente de Correlación de Spearman. Una p ≤ 0.05 se consideró significativa. Resultados: 25 pacientes cumplieron con criterios de selección. La localización más frecuente de lesiones corticales fue la región parietal 84% y la segunda temporal 16%. La morfología más frecuente fue la yuxtacortical en un 64%, y la mixta en 36%. La variante más frecuente de esclerosis múltiple fue Remitente-Recurrente presente en 92%, y 8% la variante Secundaria Progresiva. En la escala de EDDS la puntuación con mayor frecuencia fue 0.0 y 3.5. Conclusiones: La localización más frecuente de las lesiones corticales fue en región parietal y la morfología más frecuente la yuxtacortical.

Resumen Introducción: La cirugía mínimamente invasiva de columna se ha vuelto cada vez más popular en los últimos años. Se han desarrollado técnicas nuevas y menos invasivas que se han convertido en procedimientos de elección para determinadas enfermedades. El tamaño del corredor aorto-psoas es un factor determinante al elegir la técnica oblicua de fusión intersomática. Objetivos: Describir las modificaciones en el tamaño del corredor aorto-psoas en decúbito lateral derecho y decúbito supino mediante resonancia magnética y su asociación con el índice de masa corporal. Materiales y Métodos: Se realizó una resonancia magnética de los espacios discales de L1-L2 a L4-L5 a 13 voluntarios en decúbito supino y decúbito lateral derecho. Se midió el corredor y se comparó el tamaño en cada nivel. Resultados: El tamaño del corredor aorto-psoas y de la distancia arteria-disco tuvo un aumento estadísticamente significativo al posicionar al paciente en decúbito lateral derecho. Conclusiones: La resonancia magnética es de suma importancia en la planificación prequirúrgica, pues deja en evidencia la movilidad de las estructuras abdominales. Se producen cambios significativos en el corredor aorto-psoas y la distancia arteria-disco al ubicar al paciente en decúbito lateral derecho. Sin embargo, estos cambios no tienen una relación significativa con el índice de masa corporal.

Abstract Introduction: Minimally invasive spine surgery (MISS) has gained popularity in recent years. New and less invasive techniques have emerged as the preferred procedures for certain pathologies. The size of the aorta-psoas corridor is decisive when choosing the oblique interbody fusion technique. Objectives: To describe the changes in the size of the aorta-psoas corridor in the right lateral decubitus and supine decubitus positions by magnetic resonance imaging and their association with body mass index. Materials and Methods: 13 volunteers underwent MRI of the disc spaces from L1-L2 to L4-L5 in the supine and right lateral decubitus positions. The corridor was measured, and the sizes at each level were compared. Results: A statistically significant increase in the size of the aorta-psoas corridor and the artery-disc distance was obtained when positioning the patient in the right lateral decubitus position. However, these have no significant relationship with BMI. Conclusions: The use of MRI in pre-surgical planning is extremely important. This study reveals the mobility of the abdominal structures. We can conclude that, as stated in the objective of the study, significant changes occur in the aorta-psoas corridor and the artery-disc distance when the patient is positioned in the right lateral decubitus position.

ABSTRACT The study aimed to calibrate and evaluate the DSSAT CSM-CROPGRO-Soybean model to simulate soybean grain yields in the Cerrado of the Southwestern region of Piaui. To parameterize the model, data from the 2019-2020 crop season was used from an experiment installed in the Serra do Quilombo, in Bom Jesus-PI (9º16'20.3'' S, 44º44'56.9'' O, and altitude 620 m). The BRS 8980 IPRO (BRS 8980), BMX 84I86 (Domínio), BMX 81I81RSF IPRO (Extrema), and BMX 8579 IPRO (Bonus) cultivars were evaluated on three sowing dates (11/29/2019, 01/14/2020, and 01/30/2020). The evaluation was conducted using soybean yield data collected in value for cultivation and use (VCU) experiments conducted by Embrapa Meio-Norte at Celeiro farm, Serra do Quilombo, Bom Jesus, PI, during four harvests and involving 61 genotypes. The best statistical indexes showing the efficiency of the calibration process were observed for the BRS 8980 (first sowing season) and Bônus (third sowing season) cultivars, with R2 and D indexes above 0.90. The total biomass production showed high agreement with the measured values, capturing the decrease in production due to the sowing date. The model captured the variability depending on the sowing dates and the yield for simulations of four other agricultural seasons, independent of the season in which the model was calibrated. It was concluded that the model satisfactorily simulated plant growth and soybean grain yield for the conditions of the Cerrado of the Southwestern region of Piaui. CSMCROPGROSoybean CSM CROPGRO Soybean Piaui 20192020 2019 2020 2019-202 Quilombo JesusPI Jesus PI 9º1620.3 9º16203 º 9º16 20.3 20 3 (9º16'20.3' S 44º4456.9 44º44569 44º44 56.9 56 9 44º44'56.9' O 62 m. m . m) 898 8980, , 8980) I 84I8 Domínio, Domínio (Domínio) IRSF RSF Extrema, Extrema (Extrema) 857 Bonus (Bonus 11/29/2019, 11292019 11 29 (11/29/2019 01142020 01 14 01/14/2020 01/30/2020. 01302020 01/30/2020 30 01/30/2020) VCU (VCU MeioNorte Meio Norte farm 6 genotypes first third R 090 0 90 0.90 values date seasons calibrated 2019202 201 202 2019-20 9º1620 9º1620. 9º1 203 20. 2 (9º16'20.3 44º4456 44º4456. 44º4 569 56. 5 44º44'56.9 89 84I (Domínio (Extrema 85 11/29/2019 1129201 1 (11/29/201 0114202 01/14/202 0130202 01/30/202 09 0.9 201920 2019-2 9º162 9º (9º16'20. 44º445 44º 44º44'56. 8 11/29/201 112920 (11/29/20 011420 01/14/20 013020 01/30/20 0. 20192 2019- (9º16'20 44º44'56 11/29/20 11292 (11/29/2 01142 01/14/2 01302 01/30/2 (9º16'2 44º44'5 11/29/2 1129 (11/29/ 0114 01/14/ 0130 01/30/ (9º16' 44º44' 11/29/ 112 (11/29 011 01/14 013 01/30 (9º16 11/29 (11/2 01/1 01/3 (9º1 11/2 (11/ 01/ (9º 11/ (11 (1 (

RESUMO Objetivou-se, calibrar e avaliar o modelo DSSAT CSM-CROPGRO-Soybean na simulação do rendimento de grãos de soja na região do cerrado do Sudoeste Piauiense. Para a parametrização do modelo, foram utilizados dados do ano agrícola 2019-2020, de um experimento instalado na Serra do Quilombo, no município de Bom Jesus-PI (9º16'20,3'' S, 44º44'56,9'' O e altitude 620 m). Foram avaliadas as cultivares BRS 8980 IPRO (BRS 8980), BMX 84I86 (Domínio), BMX 81I81RSF IPRO (Extrema) e BMX 8579 IPRO (Bônus), em três datas de semeadura (29/11/2019, 14/01/2020 e 30/01/2020). A avaliação foi realizada com dados de rendimento de grãos de soja coletados em ensaios de valor de cultivo e uso (VCU) conduzido pela Embrapa Meio-Norte, na Fazenda Celeiro, Serra do Quilombo, Bom Jesus, PI, durante quatro safras e envolvendo 61 genótipos. Os melhores índices estatísticos que evidenciam a eficiência do processo de calibração foram observados para as cultivares BRS 8980 (1ª época de semeadura) e Bônus (3ª época de semeadura), com índices R2 e D superiores a 0,90. A produção de biomassa total apresentou alta concordância com os valores medidos, capturando bem o decréscimo da produção em fundação da data de semeadura. O modelo capturou bem a variabilidade em função das datas de plantio, assim como o rendimento para simulações de outras quatro safras agrícolas, independentes da safra onde o modelo foi calibrado. Concluiu-se que o modelo simulou satisfatoriamente o crescimento das plantas e o rendimento de grãos de soja para as condições da região do cerrado do Sudoeste Piauiense. Objetivouse, Objetivouse Objetivou se, se Objetivou-se CSMCROPGROSoybean CSM CROPGRO Soybean Piauiense 20192020, 20192020 2019 2020, 2020 2019-2020 Quilombo JesusPI Jesus PI 9º1620,3 9º16203 º 9º16 20,3 20 3 (9º16'20,3' S 44º4456,9 44º44569 44º44 56,9 56 9 44º44'56,9' 62 m. m . m) 898 8980, , 8980) I 84I8 Domínio, Domínio (Domínio) IRSF RSF Extrema (Extrema 857 Bônus, (Bônus) 29/11/2019, 29112019 29 11 (29/11/2019 14012020 14 01 14/01/202 30/01/2020. 30012020 30/01/2020 30 30/01/2020) VCU (VCU MeioNorte, MeioNorte Meio Norte, Norte Meio-Norte Celeiro 6 genótipos 1ª ª 3ª semeadura, R 090 0 90 0,90 medidos plantio agrícolas calibrado Concluiuse Concluiu 2019202 201 202 2019-202 9º1620 9º1620, 9º1 203 20, 2 (9º16'20,3 44º4456 44º4456, 44º4 569 56, 5 44º44'56,9 89 84I (Domínio 85 (Bônus 29/11/2019 2911201 1 (29/11/201 1401202 14/01/20 3001202 30/01/202 09 0,9 201920 2019-20 9º162 9º (9º16'20, 44º445 44º 44º44'56, 8 29/11/201 291120 (29/11/20 140120 14/01/2 300120 30/01/20 0, 20192 2019-2 (9º16'20 44º44'56 29/11/20 29112 (29/11/2 14012 14/01/ 30012 30/01/2 2019- (9º16'2 44º44'5 29/11/2 2911 (29/11/ 1401 14/01 3001 30/01/ (9º16' 44º44' 29/11/ 291 (29/11 140 14/0 300 30/01 (9º16 29/11 (29/1 14/ 30/0 (9º1 29/1 (29/ 30/ (9º 29/ (29 (2 (

ABSTRACT Introduction: Protocols for obtaining the maximum threshold pressure have been applied with limited precision to evaluate inspiratory muscle endurance. In this sense, new protocols are needed to allow more reliable measurements. The purpose of the present study was to compare a new incremental ramp load protocol for the evaluation of inspiratory muscle endurance with the most used protocol in healthy individuals. Methods: This was a prospective cross-sectional study carried out in a single center. Ninety-two healthy individuals (43 men [22 ± 3 years] and 49 women [22 ± 3 years]) were randomly allocated to perform: (i) incremental ramp load protocol and (ii) incremental step loading protocol. The sustained pressure threshold (or maximum threshold pressure), maximum threshold pressure/dynamic strength index ratio, time until task failure, as well as difference between the mean heart rate of the last five minutes of baseline and the peak heart rate of the last 30 seconds of each protocol were measured. Results: Incremental ramp load protocol with small increases in the load and starting from minimum values of strength index was able to evaluate the inspiratory muscle endurance through the maximum threshold pressure of healthy individuals. Conclusion: The present study suggests that the incremental ramp load protocol is able to measure maximum threshold pressure in a more thorough way, with less progression and greater accuracy in the load stratification compared to the limited incremental step loading protocol and with a safe and expected cardiovascular response in healthy individuals. Introduction sense measurements Methods crosssectional cross sectional center Ninetytwo Ninety two 43 (4 22 [2 years 4 perform i (i ii (ii or pressure, , pressure) pressuredynamic dynamic ratio failure measured Results Conclusion way ( 2 [

Abstract Hops ( Humulus lupulus L.) is of notorious importance in the brewing industry, providing bitterness, aroma and acting as a preservative. Besides beer, innovative technologies are being developed on hop extracts, and this review aims to highlight their potential applications in the food, veterinary, and pharmaceutical industries . The emphasized topics include extraction methodologies, bioactive compounds, and motivations for use . Publications from the last 10 years that have claiming promising results, of extracts with verified composition or elucidated extraction methodology, in the development of new products such as: functional foods, food preservative, microbiota control in livestock, drug active ingredient or technological adjuvant were selected. This review collected relevant articles and subjected them to bibliometric mapping of the most common terms found in the title or abstract, in order to understand how the themes evolved in the time series and what the most recent trends are. Most of the claimed applications are related to antimicrobial potential, followed by other pharmacological applications. L. L industry bitterness preservative beer veterinary methodologies compounds 1 results methodology foods livestock selected abstract

Abstract The need to transition to more sustainable agriculture that is adaptable to environmental challenges, reducing dependence on chemical fertilizers and minimizing environmental impact, represents the new paradigm of the moment. In this scenario, studies with the adoption of bioinputs in corn cultivation emerge as a viable option for the sustainability of agricultural activity. Therefore, the objective was to evaluate the effect of doses of neem vegetable cake on the yield components of corn crops. An experimental design was used of randomized blocks was used, consisting of four doses of neem vegetable rendering (3 kg ha-1, 6 kg ha-1, 9 kg ha-1 and 12 kg ha-1) and a treatment control without the presence of organic fertilizer. The result indicates the presence of a significant effect of treatments with the application of neem cake on the main components of corn yield, including grain productivity, suggesting that the high carbon content present in the organic product can induce phytochemical effects and biological changes. in the soil, making it more productive. It was found that, when administering the maximum experimental dose, compared to the control group, there was a significant effect (p≤0.01) of 21.3% on grain productivity, jumping from 2,140 kg ha -1, when did not apply organic fertilizer, to 2,596 kg ha-1 with the application of 12 kg of neem cake per hectare. It is noted that the increase in grain productivity was in the proportion of 38 kg ha-1 of corn for each kilo of neem cake applied. To facilitate interpretation and decision-making, an analysis of the economic viability of neem cake for rainfed corn was also determined, also identifying the maximum experimental dose of 12 kg ha-1, as the most economically viable, providing an increase in profit of around R$ 119.92 per hectare, in relation to the control. challenges impact moment scenario activity Therefore crops 3 ( ha1, ha1 1, 1 ha- fertilizer changes soil productive group p≤0.01 p001 p 0 01 (p≤0.01 213 21 21.3 2140 2 140 2,14 -1 2596 596 2,59 hectare applied decisionmaking, decisionmaking decision making, decision-making determined R 11992 119 92 119.9 p≤0.0 p00 (p≤0.0 21. 214 14 2,1 - 259 59 2,5 1199 11 119. p≤0. p0 (p≤0. 2, 25 5 p≤0 (p≤0 p≤ (p≤ (p

Resumo A necessidade de transitar para uma agricultura mais sustentável e adaptável aos desafios ambientais, com redução da dependência de fertilizantes químicos e minimização do impacto ambiental, representa o novo paradigma do momento. Nesse cenário, estudos com a adoção de bioinsumos na cultura do milho emergem como uma opção viável para a sustentabilidade da atividade agrícola. Portanto, objetivou-se avaliar o efeito de doses de torta vegetal de neem nos componentes de rendimento da cultura do milho. Utilizou-se um delineamento experimental de blocos casualizados constituídos pelas quatro doses da torta vegetal de neem (3 kg ha-1, 6 kg ha-1, 9 kg ha-1 e 12 kg ha-1) e um tratamento testemunha sem a presença do adubo orgânico. O resultado indica a presença de um efeito significativo dos tratamentos com aplicação da torta de neem sobre os principais componentes de rendimento do milho, incluindo a produtividade dos grãos, sugerindo que o alto teor de carbono presente no produto orgânico pode induzir efeitos fitoquímicos e mudanças biológicas no solo, tornando-o mais produtivo. Verificou-se que, ao administrar a dose máxima experimental, em comparação com o grupo de controle, houve um efeito significativo (p≤0,01) de 21,3% na produtividade dos grãos, saltando de 2.140 kg ha -1, quando não aplicou o adubo orgânico, para 2.596 kg ha-1 com a aplicação de 12 kg da torta de neem por hectare. Nota-se que o incremento na produtividade dos grãos foi na proporção de 38 kg ha-1 de milho para cada quilo de torta de neem aplicado. Para facilitar a interpretação e tomada de decisão, determinou-se também a análise de viabilidade econômica da torta de neem para a cultura do milho cultivado em sequeiro, identificando também a dose máxima experimental de 12 kg ha-1, como a mais viável economicamente, proporcionando um incremento no lucro na ordem de R$ 119,92 por hectare, em relação a testemunha. ambientais ambiental momento cenário agrícola Portanto objetivouse objetivou se Utilizouse Utilizou 3 ( ha1, ha1 1, 1 ha- solo tornandoo tornando produtivo Verificouse Verificou controle p≤0,01 p001 p 0 01 (p≤0,01 213 21 21,3 2140 2 140 2.14 -1 2596 596 2.59 hectare Notase Nota aplicado decisão determinouse determinou sequeiro economicamente R 11992 119 92 119,9 p≤0,0 p00 (p≤0,0 21, 214 14 2.1 - 259 59 2.5 1199 11 119, p≤0, p0 (p≤0, 2. 25 5 p≤0 (p≤0 p≤ (p≤ (p

ABSTRACT Hedychium coronariumJ.Koenig is a rhizomatous herbaceous species native to Asia and invasive in most states of Brazil. We aimed to evaluate the influence of H. coronariumon terrestrial herbaceous communities and natural regeneration of woody plants in a remnant of Alluvial Araucaria Forest in Curitiba - PR. The communities were sampled considering two treatments: (EC) high coverage of H. coronarium(>60%); (BC) low coverage of H. coronarium(<30%). Two communities were recorded: i) herbaceous vascular species (including subshrubs) and ii) seedlings of woody species between 15-130 cm height. In EC H. coronariumhad an average cover of 78.06%, with only five native herbaceous species and 24 native woody species. The average cover of the invasive in BC was 6.29%, with 17 native herbaceous and 37 woody native species. The most representative native herbaceous was Christella dentata(Forssk.) Brownsey & Jermy, while among the woody species Myrcia selloi(Spreng.) N.Silveira stood out for its frequency and abundance. The abundance of woody plants in the EC was approximately four times less than in the BC, showing that the high density of H. coronariumnegatively influences native plant communities. The high cover of the invasive species results in a decrease in species richness and the number of individuals in the communities, both herbaceous and woody regeneration. coronariumJKoenig coronariumJ Koenig Brazil H PR treatments (EC coronarium>60% coronarium60 coronarium >60% 60 coronarium(>60%) (BC coronarium<30%. coronarium30 <30% . 30 coronarium(<30%) recorded i including subshrubs ii 15130 15 130 15-13 height 7806 78 06 78.06% 2 629 6 29 6.29% 1 3 dentataForssk. dentataForssk dentata Forssk. Forssk dentata(Forssk. Jermy selloiSpreng. selloiSpreng selloi Spreng. Spreng selloi(Spreng. NSilveira N Silveira coronarium>60 coronarium6 >60 coronarium(>60% coronarium<30% coronarium3 <30 coronarium(<30% 1513 13 15-1 780 7 0 78.06 62 6.29 dentata(Forssk selloi(Spreng coronarium>6 >6 coronarium(>60 coronarium<30 <3 coronarium(<30 151 15- 78.0 6.2 coronarium> > coronarium(>6 coronarium<3 < coronarium(<3 78. 6. coronarium(> coronarium< coronarium(< coronarium(

RESUMO A espécie herbácea rizomatosa Hedychium coronarium J.Koenig é de origem asiática e ocorre como invasora na maioria dos estados do Brasil. O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar a influência de H. coronarium sobre as comunidades de herbáceas terrícolas e de regeneração natural de lenhosas em um remanescente de Floresta Ombrófila Mista Aluvial em Curitiba - PR. As comunidades foram amostradas considerando-se dois tratamentos: (EC) elevada cobertura de H. coronarium(>60%); (BC) baixa cobertura de H. coronarium (<30%). Foram avaliadas duas comunidades: i) espécies herbáceas (incluindo subarbustivas) e ii) plântulas de espécies lenhosas entre 15 cm - 130 cm de altura. No EC, H. coronariumapresentou cobertura média de 78,06%, sendo registradas apenas cinco espécies herbáceas nativas e 24 lenhosas nativas. No BC, a cobertura média da invasora foi de 6,29%, com registro de 17 herbáceas nativas e 37 lenhosas nativas. A herbácea nativa mais representativa foi Christella dentata(Forssk.) Brownsey & Jermy, enquanto, dentre as lenhosas, destacou-se Myrcia selloi(Spreng.) N.Silveira por sua frequência e abundância. A abundância das lenhosas no EC foi aproximadamente quatro vezes menor que no BC, mostrando que a elevada densidade de H. coronariumexerce influência negativa nas comunidades vegetais nativas. A elevada cobertura da espécie invasora resulta na redução da riqueza de espécies e do número de indivíduos nas comunidades, tanto de herbáceas quanto da regeneração de lenhosas. JKoenig J Koenig Brasil H PR considerandose considerando se tratamentos (EC coronarium>60% coronarium60 >60% 60 coronarium(>60%) BC (BC <30%. 30 <30% . (<30%) i incluindo subarbustivas ii 1 13 altura 7806 78 06 78,06% 2 629 6 29 6,29% 3 dentataForssk. dentataForssk dentata Forssk. Forssk dentata(Forssk. Jermy enquanto destacouse destacou selloiSpreng. selloiSpreng selloi Spreng. Spreng selloi(Spreng. NSilveira N Silveira coronarium>60 coronarium6 >60 coronarium(>60% <30 (<30% 780 7 0 78,06 62 6,29 dentata(Forssk selloi(Spreng coronarium>6 >6 coronarium(>60 <3 (<30 78,0 6,2 coronarium> > coronarium(>6 < (<3 78, 6, coronarium(> (< coronarium( (

Abstract Introduction: There are more than 20 different techniques to correct lower limb length discrepancy. The method evaluated in this study is based on a fixed pin in the iliac wing connected to a mobile gauge and another pin in the greater trochanter with which the reference is marked. The objective is to evaluate the reliability of this measurement device used during THA to restore lower limb length and femoral offset. Materials and Methods: Two groups were formed: Group A (patients who did not use the device) and Group B (patients who did use the device). Measurements were taken in the pre-surgery panoramic pelvic radiograph with the patient standing and three months later. Results: A sample of 80 patients was obtained, with 40 in each group. The difference in limb length could be corrected in each group, however the average correction achieved by both groups did not result in a statistically significant difference (p=0.07). However, when the variance in the correction of the difference in length of each group was examined, a statistically significant difference (p<0.001) was obtained. Conclusions: We can conclude that while this device, which serves as a more objective quantifiable measurement technique, does not guarantee a correction of the exact length discrepancy to 0 mm, it does allow us to work within a more dependable and safe range.

Resumen Introducción: Existen más de 20 técnicas diferentes para corregir la discrepancia de miembros inferiores. El método que aquí se evalúa se basa en una clavija fija posicionada en el ala ilíaca asociada a un “calibre” móvil, con otra clavija con la que se marca la referencia en el trocánter mayor. Objetivo: Evaluar la confiabilidad de este dispositivo de medición usado durante la artroplastia total de cadera para restaurar la longitud del miembro inferior y el offset femoral. Materiales y Métodos: Se formaron dos grupos: grupo A con pacientes en quienes no se había usado el dispositivo y grupo B con pacientes en quienes sí se había usado el dispositivo. Se realizaron las mediciones en la radiografía panorámica de pelvis obtenida con el paciente de pie, antes de la cirugía y 3 meses después. Resultados: Se obtuvo una muestra de 80 pacientes (40 por grupo). Se logró corregir la discrepancia de la longitud de los miembros, pero no se hallaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en la corrección promedio, entre ambos grupos (p = 0,07). Sin embargo, al analizar la varianza en la corrección de la discrepancia de la longitud de cada grupo se obtuvo una diferencia estadísticamente significativa (p <0,001). Conclusiones: Este dispositivo que permite una medición cuantificable más objetiva no asegura una corrección de la discrepancia de la longitud exacta a 0 mm, pero sí permite trabajar dentro de un rango más confiable y seguro.

Resumen En los Valles Altos de México, el uso de maíz (Zea mays L.) para pozole y el mejoramiento genético de maíz pozolero se han enfocado en emplear variedades de las razas Ancho y Cacahuazintle, localmente aceptadas y adaptadas a la región, y se desconoce para esta región el potencial de respuesta productiva de otras variedades pozoleras originarias de otras regiones del país. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el rendimiento de grano y otras variables agronómicas de 12 variedades de maíz pozolero raza Elotes Occidentales colectadas en Salvatierra, Guanajuato, México, en el año 2018, junto con una variedad local de maíz ancho y otra de Cacahuazintle como testigos, con el fin de identificar a las variedades con características sobresalientes entre los germoplasmas evaluados y con respecto a los testigos comerciales. Los 14 materiales se evaluaron en tres sitios del municipio de Texcoco, Estado de México, bajo un diseño experimental de bloques completos al azar con tres repeticiones. Se encontraron diferencias significativas para rendimiento entre las variedades y los testigos. Las variedades rindieron de 6.5 a 8.2 t ha-1 y los testigos de 3.1 a 7.9 t ha-1. Las mejores variedades de ‘Elotes Occidentales’ superaron el rendimiento del testigo Cacahuazintle en 4 t ha-1 y del testigo Ancho en 1.5 t ha-1 y fueron los genotipos EOM-1 y EOM-6 los que mostraron un rendimiento promedio superior a 8 t ha-1. También se encontró que estas variedades presentaron las mejores características en términos de comportamiento agronómico y adaptación al ambiente para rendimiento (REN), longitud de mazorca (LM), número de granos por hilera (GH) y número de días a floración masculina (FM) y femenina (FF) en comparación con los testigos pozoleros comerciales Maíz Ancho y Cacahuazintle, siendo la población EOM-1 la de mayor rendimiento con 8.6 t ha-1. El peso de 200 semillas (P200S), la altura de planta (AP) y de mazorca (AM) se encontraron en los rangos de los testigos comerciales con promedios de 2.5 m, 1.6 m y 130 g respectivamente. Caso contrario al número de hileras, las poblaciones evaluadas presentaron mayor número en comparación a los testigos, siendo las poblaciones EOM-4, EOM-5 y EOM-8 las más sobresalientes con 10 hileras por mazorca.

Abstract In the Valles Altos of Mexico, the use of corn (Zea mays L. ) for pozole and the genetic improvement of pozolero corn have focused on using varieties of the races Ancho and Cacahuazintle, locally accepted and adapted to the region, and for this region, the productive response potential of other pozolero varieties originating from other regions of the country is unknown. The objective of this study was to evaluate grain yield and other agronomic variables of 12 varieties of pozolero corn of the Elotes Occidentales race, collected in Salvatierra, Guanajuato, Mexico, in 2018, along with a local variety of ancho corn and another of Cacahuazintle as controls, in order to identify the varieties with outstanding characteristics among the germplasms evaluated and with respect to the commercial controls. The 14 materials were evaluated in three sites of the municipality of Texcoco, State of México, under a randomized complete block design with three repetitions. Significant differences were found for yield between varieties and controls. The varieties yielded from 6.5 to 8.2 t ha-1 and the controls from 3.1 to 7.9 t ha-1. The best varieties of ‘Elotes Occidentales’ exceeded the yield of the control Cacahuazintle by 4 t ha-1 and the control Ancho by 1.5 t ha-1 and the genotypes EOM-1 and EOM-6 were the ones that showed an average yield greater than 8 t ha-1. It was also found that these varieties showed the best characteristics in terms of agronomic behavior and adaptation to the environment for yield (YIE), ear length (EL), number of grains per row (GR) and number of days to male (MF) and female flowering (FF) compared to the commercial pozolero controls Maíz Ancho and Cacahuazintle, with the EOM-1 population having the highest yield with 8.6 t ha-1. The weight of 200 seeds (W200S), plant height (PH) and ear height (EH) were found in the ranges of commercial controls with averages of 2.5 m, 1.6 m and 130 g, respectively. Contrary to the number of rows, the evaluated populations presented a greater number compared to the controls, with the populations EOM-4, EOM-5 and EOM-8 being the most outstanding with 10 rows per ear.

Abstract Introduction: type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has a great importance for global public health, because it is one of the most frequent non-communicable diseases, due to the severity and diversity of its chronic complications. Objective: the objective of this study was to determine the risk of developing T2DM in nursing staff of the T. J. Schestakow Hospital, San Rafael. Material and methods: a descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out, a non-probabilistic sample was taken, which included 109 nurses. Nutritional status was assessed through body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC). Personal data and data obtained from the FINDRISC test were acquired through a questionnaire administered to nurses. Results: the risk of developing T2DM according to the Findrisc categories was low in 35.6% (n=41), slightly increased in 39.4% (n=43), moderate in 10.1% (n=11), high and very high risk in 12.9% (n=14). This is strongly influenced by first-degree family history, physical activity, antihypertensive medication, elevated blood glucose, BMI, waist circumference, and age. The consumption of fruits and vegetables was not a determinant of diabetes risk in the studied sample (p>0.05). Regarding WC and BMI, both were moderately to high correlated with the Findrisc score so these indicators were better predictors of the risk of developing diabetes. Conclusion: the risk of suffering from T2DM is latent and constant, so the use of quick and easy tools for its detection, such as the FINDRISC questionnaire, can help in the prevention and awareness of self-care.

Resumen Introducción: la diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2) tiene gran importancia para la salud pública mundial, porque es una de las enfermedades no transmisibles más frecuentes, por la severidad y diversidad de sus complicaciones crónicas. Objetivo: el objetivo fue determinar el riesgo de desarrollar DM2 en personal de enfermería del Hospital T. J. Schestakow, San Rafael. Materiales y método: se realizó un estudio descriptivo de tipo transversal, se tomó una muestra no probabilística, que incluyó 109 enfermeros. Se evaluó el estado nutricional a través del índice de masa corporal (IMC) y la circunferencia de cintura (CC). Los datos personales y los obtenidos del cuestionario FINDRISC fueron adquiridos a través de un cuestionario realizado a los enfermeros. Resultados: el riesgo de desarrollar DM2 según las categorías de FINDRISC fue bajo en un 35,6% (n=41), ligeramente aumentado en un 39,4% (n=43), moderado en un 10,1% (n=11), alto y muy alto riesgo en un 12,9% (n=14). Esto está fuertemente influenciado por los antecedentes familiares de primer grado, la actividad física, la medicación antihipertensiva recibida, la glucemia elevada, el IMC, la circunferencia de cintura y la edad. El consumo de frutas y verduras no fue un factor determinante del riesgo de diabetes en la muestra estudiada (p>0,05). En cuanto a la CC y el IMC, ambos se correlacionaron de manera moderada-alta con el puntaje de FINDRISC, por lo cual estos indicadores fueron mejores predictores del riesgo para desarrollar diabetes. Conclusión: el riesgo de padecer DM2 es latente y constante, por lo que el uso de instrumentos fáciles y rápidos para su detección, como lo es el cuestionario FINDRISC, pueden ayudar en la prevención y toma de conciencia del autocuidado.

ABSTRACT Introduction McKittrick-Wheelock syndrome is a rare entity characterized by chronic diarrhea, acute kidney injury, and hydroelectrolytic imbalance associated with a large rectal tumor, frequently a villous adenoma. Case report A 69-year-old male with chronic diarrhea with mucus. He underwent a colonoscopy with biopsies, reporting adenocarcinoma of the rectum in situ, and underwent a robot assisted intersphincteric resection with colo-anal anastomosis and a protecitive ileostomy. Discussion Described in 1954, this syndrome is manifested by electrolyte imbalance and acute renal injury secondary to diarrhea associated with a rectal villous adenoma, often with long lasting symptoms. The most frequent symptom being watery diarrhea with mucus. The definitive treatment consists of surgical resection. Conclusion Although this is a rare pathology, it should be considered as a differential diagnosis in cases of chronic diarrhea associated with water and electrolyte disorders. McKittrickWheelock McKittrick Wheelock tumor adenoma 69yearold yearold 69 year old mucus biopsies situ coloanal colo anal ileostomy 1954 symptoms pathology disorders 6 195 19 1

Resumen En Colombia, los anfibios se posicionan como uno de los grupos vertebrados con mayor riqueza taxonómica, y una alta representatividad de especies endémicas. En los últimos años, las colecciones regionales han contribuido a llenar vacíos de información sobre la biogeografía, la variación intra e interespecífica y la sistemática de los anfibios del país. En este trabajo presentamos la información de 1533 registros depositados en la Colección de Anfibios del Museo de Historia Natural de la Universidad de Caldas, los cuales representan 143 especies distribuidas en 49 géneros y 19 familias. La mayoría de los especímenes (n = 1194) proceden del departamento de Caldas, sin embargo, se cuenta con registros (n = 339) de otros 16 departamentos del país. El orden más representado es Anura (n = 1487 registros), seguido por Caudata (n = 27 registros) y Gymnophiona (n = 19 registros). La colección alberga 152 especímenes que han sido referenciados en 13 publicaciones nacionales y extranjeras.

Abstract In Colombia, amphibians are a vertebrate group with a high taxonomic richness, and an elevated representativity of species with restricted distributions. In recent years, regional collections have assisted to fill information gaps on the biogeography, intra- and interspecific variation, and systematics of the amphibians of the country. In this work we present the information of 1533 records deposited in the Amphibian Collection of the Museo de Historia Natural of the Universidad de Caldas, represented by 143 species, belonging to 49 genera and 19 families. Most of the records (n = 1194) come from the Department of Caldas, but there are records for 16 additional departments. The most representative order is Anura (n = 1487 records) followed by Caudata (n = 27 records), and Gymnophiona (n = 19 records). The collection houses 152 specimens that have been referenced in 13 national and foreign publications.