Abstract Objectives: Clinical-laboratory comparison of a population of children and adolescents with DM1 followed at a Brazilian outpatient university clinic, at two different periods (2014 and 2020), regarding changes made both to the insulin therapy scheme and to the nutritional approach to carbohydrate counting. Methods: The data of patients with DM1 aged 0–19 years enrolled in the service in 2014 and 2020 were collected. Student’s t-test was performed to compare the means of HbA1c and the variables of interest. Results: NPH + regular insulin was predominantly used in 2014 (49.1%), while in 2020, the predominance shifted to insulin analogs (48.4%). Pump use tripled from 1.3% in 2014 to 4.4% in 2020, and the percentage of patients performing carbohydrate counting reduced from 28.3% to 17.8%. Regarding HbA1c, the 2014 group of patients had a mean of 9.8%, while the 2020 group had a mean of 9.6% (p = 0.49). Conclusion: The change in treatments between 2014 and 2020 did not result in a significant improvement in HbA1c levels. However, it was identified the importance of carbohydrate counting and the use of insulin analogs to improve metabolic control in this population at both times. Objectives Clinicallaboratory Clinical laboratory DM clinic (201 , 2020) Methods 019 0 19 0–1 201 202 collected Students Student s ttest t test HbAc HbA c interest Results 49.1%, 491 49.1% 49 1 (49.1%) 48.4%. 484 48.4% . 48 4 (48.4%) 13 3 1.3 44 4.4 283 28 28.3 178 17 8 17.8% 98 9 9.8% 96 6 9.6 p 0.49. 049 0.49 0.49) Conclusion levels However times (20 01 0– 20 49.1 (49.1% 48.4 (48.4% 1. 4. 2 28. 17.8 9.8 9. 04 0.4 (2 49. (49.1 48. (48.4 17. 0. ( (49. (48. (49 (48 (4